WO2001088072A1 - Umesterung von fetten - Google Patents
Umesterung von fetten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001088072A1 WO2001088072A1 PCT/AT2001/000141 AT0100141W WO0188072A1 WO 2001088072 A1 WO2001088072 A1 WO 2001088072A1 AT 0100141 W AT0100141 W AT 0100141W WO 0188072 A1 WO0188072 A1 WO 0188072A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alcohol
- catalyst
- reactor
- fats
- fatty acids
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for basic or acid-catalyzed transesterification of oils and fats, namely the esters of glycerol with fatty acids, by introducing methyl alcohol or other lower alcohols into the liquid starting product.
- Such processes for transesterification are known from various vegetable oils (fats in liquid form) and, via a multistage process chain which is carried out discontinuously, ultimately essentially lead to glycerol and the desired methyl ester of the fatty acids which were originally esterified with the glycerol. It is also possible to use another lower alcohol, for example ethanol, propanol, butanol and, in special cases, even pentanol (hereinafter collectively referred to as lower alcohols) instead of the methyl alcohol and thus to obtain the corresponding esters, but will be avoided For reasons of cost and because of the simpler reaction mostly methyl alcohol is used.
- lower alcohols pentanol
- the pressed oil is transesterified and only then cleaned: washed with water, filtered, brought to precipitate by cooling, etc.
- a prior cleaning of the oil is reduced the disadvantages caused by the impurities: side reactions, higher chemical consumption, slower implementation, etc.
- the floating semi-finished product is again transferred to a stirred kettle and reacted again with methyl alcohol and lye, with an approximately 99% or higher conversion, based on the starting material, being achieved after a few hours.
- This product also has to be decanted, this also takes place in large settling tanks in which the product floats and is finally drawn off. Only this product is then subjected to final cleaning.
- the method according to the invention thus consists in greasing the fats or oils, which are possibly contaminated with free fatty acids and possibly containing water, with gaseous, technically pure, low alcohol, preferably methyl alcohol, with a temperature above its Boiling point at the pressure prevailing in the reactor in the presence of a basic or acidic catalyst.
- a preferred variant of the invention which relates to a continuous process, provides for the oil and the catalyst to be fed to an at least substantially vertically arranged tubular reactor from above, while the gaseous lower alcohol is introduced from below and rises in the tubular reactor, which reacted to the end liquid reaction mixture at the foot and the excess alcohol and water are continuously withdrawn in appropriate collecting sections at the top of the tubular reactor. After partial condensation (removal of the entrained water), the excess methyl alcohol, optionally cleaned and brought to the appropriate temperature and pressure, can be fed back to the tube reactor in the foot region thereof.
- the fully reacted reaction mixture is fed to a settling tank or a continuously operating separator, in which it essentially separates into a glycerine phase lying on the bottom and a floating methyl ester phase.
- a settling tank or a continuously operating separator in which it essentially separates into a glycerine phase lying on the bottom and a floating methyl ester phase.
- Potassium methoxide or potassium hydroxide solution is preferably used, sodium hydroxide solution or any other alkali or mixture of bases can also be used, and it is, as is known from the prior art for transesterification, in particular for the longer chain of the lower alcohols, also possible to catalyze acidic, but if necessary, the linings of the reaction vessels must be taken into account.
- the reaction is preferably carried out at ambient pressure, the methyl alcohol to be blown in having a temperature of about 65 ° C. (boiling point of the methyl alcohol under normal conditions) or above (preferably up to about 50 ° C., particularly preferably up to about 25 ° C. above).
- the reaction mixture heats up with cooling and partial condensation of the methyl alcohol.
- solidified or solid fats are to be treated according to the invention at ambient temperature, it is advisable to raise the temperature of these starting materials for oils, so that the condensation of the methyl alcohol in the reaction mixture is negligible or is prevented at all.
- a comparison of the method according to the invention with the method according to WO-A shows that the method according to the invention not only makes it possible to dispense with the treatment and guidance of the inert gas stream, but also that by using a technically pure aluminum cabbage in gas form at temperatures its boiling point a very effective removal of the water from the reaction mixture is achieved. This water is inevitably introduced by the starting products and possibly also results from the esterification of the free fatty acids contained in the starting products by the alcohol supplied.
- catalysts that are neither acidic nor basic, such catalysts are known in the art and can be easily selected by those skilled in the art of esterification and transesterification knowing the invention. Under certain circumstances, such as a greatly increased temperature or even increased pressure, it may be possible to do without catalysts at all.
- the specified temperature intervals are preferred for reasons of energy costs and the use of conventional materials, but it is of course possible to Lich higher temperatures than specified. This can be particularly advantageous if you want to reduce the amount of catalyst to be used or if you want to increase the reaction rate.
- the use of temperatures well above 200 ° C is possible, an upper limit is only given by the critical point.
- the use of the invention is also particularly favorable for the esterification of fatty acids or fats highly enriched with fatty acids, which is in particular due to the introduction of vaporous alcohol.
- the pressure range in which the reaction according to the invention preferably takes place can be adapted to the respective starting conditions and the fat or fat to be treated. Oil mixtures also with wide, above the specified limits.
- reaching the critical point is a natural upper limit.
- Experiment 3 The procedure was as in Experiment 2, but using 210 g of used cooking oil instead of rapeseed oil. The reaction proceeded in 12 minutes. Since the free fatty acids contained in the animal fats react with the catalyst, in some experiments the catalyst was gradually added in increasingly higher doses to check the effect on the course of the transesterification.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01935798A EP1409622A1 (de) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Umesterung von fetten |
AU2001261890A AU2001261890A1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Transesterification of fats |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT8412000 | 2000-05-15 | ||
ATA841/2000 | 2000-05-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001088072A1 true WO2001088072A1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
Family
ID=3682040
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AT2001/000141 WO2001088072A1 (de) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Umesterung von fetten |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1409622A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2001261890A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001088072A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003016442A1 (de) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-02-27 | Bruno Berger | Umesterungsvorrichtung mit schrägrohrreaktor |
EP1456157A1 (de) * | 2001-12-18 | 2004-09-15 | Jerrel Dale Branson | System und verfahren zur extraktion von energie aus landwirtschaftlichen abfällen |
EP1607467A1 (de) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-12-21 | Japan Energy Corporation | Verfahren zur herstellung von ester durch umesterung mit einem festen sauren katalysator |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3421217A1 (de) * | 1984-06-07 | 1985-09-05 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von fettsaeureestern kurzkettiger alkohole |
WO1996040415A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for purifying an inert gas while preparing lower alkyl esters |
-
2001
- 2001-05-15 WO PCT/AT2001/000141 patent/WO2001088072A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-15 AU AU2001261890A patent/AU2001261890A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-15 EP EP01935798A patent/EP1409622A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3421217A1 (de) * | 1984-06-07 | 1985-09-05 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von fettsaeureestern kurzkettiger alkohole |
WO1996040415A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for purifying an inert gas while preparing lower alkyl esters |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE CAPLUS CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; GLOWACKI, J. ET AL.: "Procedure for processing of tall oil and its derivatives by fractional distillation", XP002176093 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003016442A1 (de) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-02-27 | Bruno Berger | Umesterungsvorrichtung mit schrägrohrreaktor |
EP1456157A1 (de) * | 2001-12-18 | 2004-09-15 | Jerrel Dale Branson | System und verfahren zur extraktion von energie aus landwirtschaftlichen abfällen |
EP1456157A4 (de) * | 2001-12-18 | 2010-05-05 | Best Biofuels Llc | System und verfahren zur extraktion von energie aus landwirtschaftlichen abfällen |
EP1607467A1 (de) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-12-21 | Japan Energy Corporation | Verfahren zur herstellung von ester durch umesterung mit einem festen sauren katalysator |
EP1607467A4 (de) * | 2003-03-26 | 2006-05-17 | Japan Energy Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung von ester durch umesterung mit einem festen sauren katalysator |
US7211681B2 (en) | 2003-03-26 | 2007-05-01 | Japan Energy Corporation | Ester production method by transesterification reaction using solid acid catalyst |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1409622A1 (de) | 2004-04-21 |
AU2001261890A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 |
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