WO2001085661A1 - Metall-komplex, der einen 2-phospha-tricyclo[{3.3.1.1 (3,7)}]decylrest als liganden trägt in der hydroformylierung - Google Patents
Metall-komplex, der einen 2-phospha-tricyclo[{3.3.1.1 (3,7)}]decylrest als liganden trägt in der hydroformylierung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001085661A1 WO2001085661A1 PCT/EP2001/005405 EP0105405W WO0185661A1 WO 2001085661 A1 WO2001085661 A1 WO 2001085661A1 EP 0105405 W EP0105405 W EP 0105405W WO 0185661 A1 WO0185661 A1 WO 0185661A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ligand
- phospha
- aralkyl
- tricyclo
- hydroformylation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001691 aryl alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006310 cycloalkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- -1 DECYL RESIDUE Chemical group 0.000 description 41
- GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=O GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229940105305 carbon monoxide Drugs 0.000 description 8
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical compound CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- HSJKGGMUJITCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutanal Chemical compound CC(O)CC=O HSJKGGMUJITCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YNWSXIWHOSSPCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(2+) Chemical compound [Rh+2] YNWSXIWHOSSPCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ASUHRZPPESWVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,6-trioxatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane Chemical compound C1C(O2)(C)CC3(C)OC1(C)CC2(C)O3 ASUHRZPPESWVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004778 2,2-difluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])(F)F 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PZSJYEAHAINDJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+) Chemical class [Rh+3] PZSJYEAHAINDJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVOOVMQUISJERI-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Rh+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O SVOOVMQUISJERI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000006218 1-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZVENKBGRIGHMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-M carbon monoxide chloro(hydrido)ruthenium triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [C-]#[O+].[H][Ru]Cl.c1ccc(cc1)P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1.c1ccc(cc1)P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1.c1ccc(cc1)P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 ZVENKBGRIGHMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004775 chlorodifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004773 chlorofluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004774 dichlorofluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004772 dichloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000447 dimerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WZHKDGJSXCTSCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hept-3-ene Chemical compound CCCC=CCC WZHKDGJSXCTSCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006343 heptafluoro propyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QAMFBRUWYYMMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroacetylacetone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)CC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAMFBRUWYYMMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJALUUCEMMPKAC-ONEGZZNKSA-N methyl (e)-pent-3-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C\C=C\C KJALUUCEMMPKAC-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005246 nonafluorobutyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical compound OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003284 rhodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWFDDXXMOPZFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-H rhodium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[Rh+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YWFDDXXMOPZFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910001927 ruthenium tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LHPHHNRKGMRCMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(6+) Chemical compound [Ru+6] LHPHHNRKGMRCMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001935 tetracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0073—Rhodium compounds
- C07F15/008—Rhodium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2442—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems
- B01J31/2461—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems and phosphine-P atoms as ring members in the condensed ring system or in a further ring
- B01J31/248—Bridged ring systems, e.g. 9-phosphabicyclononane
- B01J31/2485—Tricyclic systems, e.g. phosphaadamantanes and hetero analogues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/49—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C45/50—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide by oxo-reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/821—Ruthenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/824—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/827—Iridium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/828—Platinum
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, in which at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a ligand-metal complex of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and / or platinum, and one ligand-metal complex suitable for the process.
- Hydroformylation or oxo synthesis is an important industrial process and is used to produce aldehydes by reacting ethylenically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
- the reaction itself is highly exothermic and generally takes place under elevated pressure and at elevated temperatures in the presence of catalysts.
- Cobalt catalysts were initially used in industrial practice, but in the meantime rhodium catalysts have predominantly become established. In order to bring about a stabilization of the rhodium-containing catalyst during the reaction and its 5 Z replacing the separation of rhodium metal in the
- T he WO 98/42717 describes carbonylation in the presence of diphosphines of which at least one phosphorus atom part of a 2-phospha-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3, 7 ⁇ is Jdecyl distr.
- FR 118524 describes, among other things, the hydroformylation of olefinic compounds in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl catalyst and a cocatalyst in the form of a trioxaphosphaamantane.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds with catalysis of a ligand-metal complex of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and / or platinum, with which ethylenically unsaturated compounds, in particular ethylenically unsaturated compounds with internal and / or internal branched double bonds, can be implemented under the least stringent pressure and / or temperature conditions.
- this object is achieved by a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, in which at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a ligand-metal complex of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and / or platinum, the Ligand-metal complex a monophosphine, monophosphinite or monophosphinamidite ligand of the general formula I
- a together with the phosphorus atom to which it is attached forms a 2-phosphatricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3,7 ⁇ ] decyl radical, in which one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms are optionally replaced by heteroatoms and which is optionally substituted, and
- R ' represents hydrogen or an organic radical of a molecular weight of up to 20,000 which is bonded via a carbon atom, oxygen atom or nitrogen atom.
- the invention also relates to a metal-ligand complex which comprises a metal selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and / or platinum and at least one monophosphine or monophosphinite ligand as defined above.
- ethylenically unsaturated compounds in particular those with internal branched double bonds
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to hydroformylate ethylenically unsaturated compounds, in particular those having internal branched double bonds, at pressures of less than 100 bar, preferably less than 80 bar.
- Tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3.7 ⁇ Jdecan is also known under the trivial name "Adamantan”.
- 2-phosphatricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3, 7 ⁇ ] decyl radical of the ligand used according to the invention one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms, which are preferably not adjacent to the phosphorus atom, can be replaced by heteroatoms, preferably oxygen atoms and / or nitrogen atoms, to be replaced.
- the carbon atoms in positions 6, 9 and 10 are preferably replaced by heteroatoms, in particular oxygen atoms.
- the 2-phospha-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3.7 ⁇ ] decyl residue can be mixed with e.g. B. 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4, substituents. In particular, it can have substituents on one or more of its carbon atoms. One or more carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and / or 7, in particular all carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7, preferably carry substituents which are preferably identical. Suitable substituents are e.g. B. halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, aryl and or aralkyl. The carbon atoms at positions 4 and / or 8 may have one or two substituents, e.g. B. Ci-C 4 alkyl or halogen atoms, especially fluorine atoms.
- the radical R ' represents hydrogen or an organic radical of molecular weight of up to 20,000, preferably up to 10,000, in particular up to 5,000, bonded via a carbon atom, oxygen atom or nitrogen atom.
- the ligands used according to the invention are Monophosphines, monophosphinites or monophosphinamidites, ie the radical R 'does not comprise a phosphorus atom.
- R ' for a polymeric chain, e.g. B.
- Z (CHR '' CH 2 0) x R '' or Z (CH 2 CH 2 NR '') X R "', where Z stands for a bridge member of 0 to 20 atoms, of which neighboring atoms are part of a saturated one or unsaturated, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring and R ′′ and R ′′ ′′ independently of one another are hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, Aralkyl or acyl and x represents an integer from 1 to 240, preferably 1 to 60.
- bridge members Z are examples of bridge members Z.
- Preferred ligands have the general formula II
- X independently of one another represent O or NR
- R independently of one another are hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl and
- R ' represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy,
- Alkyl straight-chain or branched alkyl, preferably C 1 -C 20 alkyl, in particular C 1 -C 8 alkyl, particularly preferably C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
- alkyl groups are in particular methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpro - pyl, 1, 1-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1, 3 -Dimethylbutyl, 2, 3-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethylbutyl,
- Cycloalkyl preferably C 5 -C 7 cycloalkyl, such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl;
- Haloalkyl preferably C 1 -C 4 -haloalkyl, ie a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical which is partially or completely substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine, such as chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, Chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2-iodoethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2- Difluor
- Aryl preferably C 6 -C 5 aryl, such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, mesityl, naphthyl, anthracinyl, phenantrenyl, naphthacenyl; especially phenyl or naphthyl;
- Alkyl preferably C 7 -C 20 aralkyl, in particular phenyl, -CC alkyl, such as benzyl or phenethyl;
- Alkoxy preferably C 1 -C 2 -alkoxy with an alkyl group, preferably as defined above;
- Cycloalkyloxy preferably C 5 -C 7 cycloalkyloxy with a cycloalkyl group preferably as defined above;
- Aryloxy preferably C 7 -C 6 aryloxy with an aryl group preferably as defined above;
- Alkyloxy preferably C 7 -C 2 n-aralkyloxy with an aralkyl group, preferably as defined above;
- Acyl preferably C 1 -C 2 -acyl, such as formyl or C 1 -C 20 alkylcarbonyl with an alkyl group, preferably as defined above.
- Carbamoyl preferably C 1 -C 2 carbamoyl, such as aminocarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 alkylaminocarbonyl, C 6 -Ci 6 arylaminocarbonyl or
- the radicals X are preferably 0, NCH 3 or NH, in particular 0.
- the R radicals are particularly preferably, independently of one another, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -haloalkyl or phenyl, in particular methyl, t-butyl, trifluoromethyl or phenyl.
- Particularly preferred ligands are 2-cyclohexyl-2-phosphal, 3,5,7-tetramethyl-6, 9, 10-trioxa-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3, 7 ⁇ ] decane, 2-phenyl-2- phospha-l, 3,5, 7-tetramethyl-6, 9, 10-trioxa-tricyclo- [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3,7 ⁇ ] decane, 2-t-butyl-2-phospha-l, 3,5, 7-tetramethyl-6,9, 10-trioxa-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3,7 ⁇ ] decane, 2-octyl-2-phospha- 1,3,5, 7-tetramethyl-6, 9, 1O-trioxa -tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3.7 ⁇ ] ⁇ decane and 2-phospha-l, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyl-6, 9, 10-trioxa-tricyclo- [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3, 7 ⁇ i decane ,
- 1,3-diketone e.g. B. 2, 4-pentanedione or substituted 2,4-pentanediones, such as perfluoro-2,4-pentanedione or 1, 1, 1,5,5, 5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione, under acid catalysis implement.
- the compounds of the formula I are generally obtained in high purity and can be used directly without further purification. With regard to suitable reaction conditions, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, Vol. 83, 3279-3282 and Chem. Comm. 1999 (10), 901-902.
- catalytically active species of the general formula H x M y (CO) z L q are formed under hydroformylation conditions from the catalysts or catalyst precursors used, where M is ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and / or platinum, L is a ligand of the general Formula I and q, x, y, z stand for integers depending on the valency and type of the metal.
- the complexes can additionally have further ligands, which are preferably selected from halides, amines, carboxylates, acetylacetonate, aryl and alkyl sulfonates, olefins, dienes, cycloolefins, nitriles, nitrogen-containing heterocycles, aromatics and heteroaromatics,
- ligands which are preferably selected from halides, amines, carboxylates, acetylacetonate, aryl and alkyl sulfonates, olefins, dienes, cycloolefins, nitriles, nitrogen-containing heterocycles, aromatics and heteroaromatics,
- the hydroformylation catalysts are prepared in situ in the reactor used for the hydroformylation reaction.
- the ligand-metal complexes can also be prepared separately and isolated by customary methods.
- Suitable rhodium compounds or complexes are e.g. B. rhodium (II) and rhodium (III) salts, such as rhodium (III) chloride, rhodium (III) nitrate, rhodium (III) sulfate, potassium rhodium sulfate, rhodium (II) - or Rhodium (III) carboxylates, such as rhodium (II) and rhodium (III) acetate, rhodium (III) oxide, salts of rhodium (III) acid, trisammonium hexachlororhodate (III) etc.
- rhodium (II) and rhodium (III) salts such as rhodium (III) chloride, rhodium (III) nitrate, rhodium (III) sulfate, potassium rhodium sulf
- rhodium complexes such as rhodium biscarbonylacetylacetonate, acetylacetonatobisethylene rhodium (I) etc. It is preferred to use rhodium biscarbonylacetylacetonate or rhodium acetate.
- Ruthenium salts or compounds are also suitable. Suitable ruthenium salts are, for example, ruthenium (III) chloride, ruthenium (IV), ruthenium (VI) or ruthenium (VIII) oxide, alkali metal salts of ruthenium oxygen acids, such as KRu0 4 or KRu0, or complex compounds, such as RuHCl (CO) (PPh 3 ) 3 .
- the metal carbonyls of ruthenium such as trisruthenium dodecacarbonyl or hexaruthenium octadecacarbonyl, or mixed forms in which CO is partly replaced by triorganophosphines, such as Ru (CO) (PPh 3 ) 2 , can also be used.
- Suitable palladium, iridium and platinum compounds and complexes are known to the person skilled in the art and are adequately described in the literature.
- the metal is preferably rhodium.
- Suitable activating agents are e.g. B. Brönsted acids, Lewis acids such as BF 3 , A1C1 3 , ZnCl 2 and Lewis bases.
- the molar ratio of ligand of formula I to metal is generally in a range from about 50: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 10: 1 to 1: 1.
- all compounds which contain one or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds are suitable as substrates for the process according to the invention.
- These include e.g. B. olefins such as ⁇ -olefins, internal linear and internal branched olefins.
- Suitable ⁇ -olefins are e.g. As ethylene, propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonen, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, etc.
- Suitable internal linear olefins are preferably C -C 20 -01 fine, such as 2-butene, 2-pentene, 2-hexene, 3-hexene, 2-heptene, 3-heptene, 2-octene, 3-octene, 4-0cten etc.
- Suitable internal branched olefins are preferably C 5 -C 2ü- 01e- fine, such as 2-methyl-2-butene, 2-methyl-2-pentene, 3-methyl-2-pentene.
- Preferred feedstocks are oligo- or poly (C 3 -C 6 -alkenes), which are the oligomerization or polymerization products of C 3 -C 6 -alkenes, such as propene, 1-butene, 2-butene, isobutene , Penten or witches.
- Preferred examples are trimer propene, dimerbutene, trimerbutene and dimerhexene and polyisobutene with 20 to 400 carbon atoms.
- the oligo- or poly (C 3 -C 6 -alkenes) are generally mixtures of essentially monounsaturated olefin isomers with a proportion of internal branched olefins.
- Suitable olefins to be hydroformylated are also vinyl aromatics, such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 4-isobutylstyrene, etc.
- Suitable ethylenically unsaturated compounds are furthermore ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids, their esters, half-esters and amides, diacrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, methyl 3-pentenoate, methyl 4-pentenoate, methyl acrylate alkyl acid esters, alkyl methacrylates, unsaturated nitriles such as 3-pentenenitrile, 4-pentenenitrile, acrylonitrile, vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl propyl ether etc.
- R a independently of one another represent radicals other than hydrogen, in particular alkyl, and R b is hydrogen or one other than hydrogen
- the rest especially alkyl.
- the sum of the carbon numbers of the radicals R a in the formula III is preferably 2 to 30, in particular 2 to 12.
- the sum of the carbon numbers of the radicals R a and R b in the formula IV is preferably 3 to 30, in particular 3 to 12 Preferred examples of such compounds are the internal linear and internal branched olefins mentioned above.
- the hydroformylation reaction can be carried out continuously, semi-continuously or batchwise. Suitable reactors are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for. B. in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, Volume 1, 3rd edition, 1951, p 743ff.
- Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are usually used in the form of a mixture, the so-called synthesis gas.
- the molar ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is usually about 5:95 to 70:30, preferably about 40:60 to 60:40. In particular, a molar ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the range of about 1: 1 is used.
- the temperature in the hydroformylation reaction is generally in a range from approximately 80 to 180 ° C., preferably approximately 100 to 160 ° C.
- the reaction is usually carried out at the partial pressure of the reaction gas at the selected reaction temperature. In general, the pressure is in a range from about 10 to 100 bar, in particular 10 to 80 bar.
- the optimal temperature and pressure depend on the ethylenically unsaturated compound used.
- ⁇ -olefins are particularly preferably hydroformylated at temperatures from 80 to 120 ° C. and a pressure from 10 to 40 bar.
- Internal and internal branched olefins are preferably hydroformylated at temperatures from 120 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 2 to 80 bar, internal linear olefins being reacted in particular at 2 to 20 bar and internal branched olefins in particular at 40 to 80 bar.
- the catalytically active ligand-metal complexes can be separated from the discharge of the hydroformylation reaction by customary processes known to the person skilled in the art and can generally be used again for the hydroformylation, if appropriate after working up.
- Solvents can also be used in the hydroformylation, such as the high-boiling secondary reaction products of the aldehydes which are formed in the hydroformylation.
- suitable solvents are aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethers, such as 2,5,8-trioxanonane (diglyme), diethyl ether and anisole, sulfones, such as sulfolane, or esters, such as 3-hydroxy-2, 2,4-trimethylpentyl-l-isobutyrate (texanol).
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as 2,5,8-trioxanonane (diglyme), diethyl ether and anisole
- sulfones such as sulfolane
- esters such as 3-hydroxy-2, 2,4-trimethylpentyl-l-isobutyrate (texanol).
- the dimerbutene used in the examples was obtained by dimerizing a C 4 -hydrocarbon mixture containing 1-butene and 2-butene over a heterogeneous, nickel-containing catalyst. It contained about 20% by weight internal branched olefins.
- the abbreviation "acac” stands for acetylacetonate; "L: M” stands for the molar ratio of ligand to metal.
- Example 1 Hydroformylation of 1-octene with 2-cyclohexyl-2-phospha-l, 3,5, 7-tetramethyl-6, 9, 10-trioxa-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3, 7 ⁇ ] decane
- Example 4 15 Hydroformylation of 1-octene with 2-phospha-1, 3,5, 7-tetramethyl-6, 9, 1O-trioxa-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ⁇ 3, 7 ⁇ ] decane
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/275,562 US6835855B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-05-11 | Metal complex carrying a 2-phospa-tricyclo[3.3.1.1(3.7)]decyl radical as a ligand in hydroformylation |
EP01940459A EP1280754B1 (de) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-05-11 | Metall-komplex, der einen 2-phospha-tricyclo[3.3.1.1 3,7 ]decylrest als liganden trägt in der hydroformylierung |
DE50103117T DE50103117D1 (de) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-05-11 | Metall-komplex, der einen 2-phospha-tricyclo[3.3.1.1 3,7 ]decylrest als liganden trägt in der hydroformylierung |
AU2001274027A AU2001274027A1 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-05-11 | Metal complex carrying a 2-phospha-tricyclo((3.3.1.1 (3,7)))decyl radical as a ligand in hydroformylation |
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DE10023468.2 | 2000-05-12 | ||
DE10023468A DE10023468A1 (de) | 2000-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | Verfahren zur Hydroformylierung ethylenisch ungesättigter Verbindungen und Ligand-Metall-Komplex als Katalysator hierfür |
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US (1) | US6835855B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1280754B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2001274027A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10023468A1 (de) |
MY (1) | MY128819A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001085661A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005058788A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process of preparing glycolaldehyde |
US9266808B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2016-02-23 | Basf Se | Method for the hydroformylation of olefins |
WO2017150337A1 (ja) | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 株式会社クラレ | ジアルデヒド化合物の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
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DE10163400A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Basf Ag | Katalysator umfassend einen Komplex eines Metalls der VIII. Nebengruppe auf Basis eines Heterophosphacyclohexanliganden |
CA2476736C (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2012-06-05 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound and catalyst therefore |
TWI242999B (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2005-11-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Organometallic compound and organic electroluminescent device including the same |
FR2943061B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-13 | 2011-02-25 | Rhodia Operations | Composes organophosphores, systemes catalytiques comprenant ces composes et procede d'hydrocyanation ou d'hydroformylation utilisant ces systemes catalytiques |
Citations (2)
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GB1573422A (en) * | 1977-05-23 | 1980-08-20 | Shell Int Research | Process for the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
WO1998042717A1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Diphosphines |
Family Cites Families (2)
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US3050531A (en) * | 1960-07-06 | 1962-08-21 | American Cyanamid Co | Substituted 10-phosphatricyclo [3.3.1.1] decanes and methods of preparing same |
KR20000016597A (ko) * | 1996-06-14 | 2000-03-25 | 토마스 제이. 모나한 | 시클릭 키랄 포스핀 리간드를 갖는 전이 금속 복합체에 의해촉매화된 비대칭 합성 |
-
2000
- 2000-05-12 DE DE10023468A patent/DE10023468A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
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- 2001-05-11 EP EP01940459A patent/EP1280754B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 DE DE50103117T patent/DE50103117D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 WO PCT/EP2001/005405 patent/WO2001085661A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-11 US US10/275,562 patent/US6835855B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-11 AU AU2001274027A patent/AU2001274027A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1573422A (en) * | 1977-05-23 | 1980-08-20 | Shell Int Research | Process for the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
WO1998042717A1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Diphosphines |
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Title |
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CARRAZ, CHARLES-ANTOINE ET AL: "Titanium Complexes of Sterically Demanding Cage-Phosphinimide Ligands", ORGANOMETALLICS, vol. 19, no. 19, 2000, pages 3791 - 3796, XP002173920 * |
GEE, VICTORIA ET AL: "Bis(phospha-adamantyl)alkanes: a new class of very bulky diphosphines", CHEM. COMMUN. (CAMBRIDGE), no. 10, 1999, pages 901 - 902, XP001010653 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005058788A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process of preparing glycolaldehyde |
US7449607B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2008-11-11 | Shell Oil Company | Process of preparing glycolaldehyde |
CN100434412C (zh) * | 2003-12-16 | 2008-11-19 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 制备乙醇醛的方法 |
US7511178B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2009-03-31 | Shell Oil Company | Process of preparing ethylene glycol |
US9266808B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2016-02-23 | Basf Se | Method for the hydroformylation of olefins |
WO2017150337A1 (ja) | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 株式会社クラレ | ジアルデヒド化合物の製造方法 |
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AU2001274027A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
DE10023468A1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
US6835855B2 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
MY128819A (en) | 2007-02-28 |
DE50103117D1 (de) | 2004-09-09 |
EP1280754A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
EP1280754B1 (de) | 2004-08-04 |
US20030092935A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
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