WO2001080270A1 - Self-resetting current limiting device with liquid metal - Google Patents

Self-resetting current limiting device with liquid metal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001080270A1
WO2001080270A1 PCT/EP2001/003426 EP0103426W WO0180270A1 WO 2001080270 A1 WO2001080270 A1 WO 2001080270A1 EP 0103426 W EP0103426 W EP 0103426W WO 0180270 A1 WO0180270 A1 WO 0180270A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
limiting device
current limiting
liquid metal
partition walls
material layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/003426
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Terhoeven
Frank Berger
Andreas Krätzschmar
Thomas Freyermuth
Original Assignee
Moeller Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moeller Gmbh filed Critical Moeller Gmbh
Publication of WO2001080270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001080270A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a current limiting device is known from DE 198 53 580 C1, which contains two electrodes made of solid metal and a plurality of compression spaces, which are partially filled with liquid metal and are located one behind the other between the electrodes, and which are formed by pressure-resistant insulating bodies and by these electrically insulating intermediate walls with connecting channels, where to save expensive and labor-intensive materials, the partitions in the area of the connecting channels have bushings made of high-temperature and erosion-resistant insulating material and, moreover, consist of a material of lower quality, for example a dimensionally stable molding material.
  • the partitions in the area of the connecting channels have bushings made of high-temperature and erosion-resistant insulating material and, moreover, consist of a material of lower quality, for example a dimensionally stable molding material.
  • the liquid metal is suddenly displaced from the connecting channels due to the high current density.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of reducing the temperature and pressure load on the current limiting device.
  • the resistive partition walls act as parallel resistors with respect to the connecting channels, the major part of the current being conducted through the connecting channels in normal operation.
  • the liquid metal is driven explosively out of the connecting channels, the current commutating to the resistive partition walls.
  • arcs are drawn from energy, which means that they are extinguished very quickly.
  • the resistive partition walls accordingly reduce the total load on the current limiting device, which leads to a substantial increase in its service life.
  • the partition walls have to meet the temperature and pressure stresses outside the connecting channels.
  • Conductive polymers, conductive ceramics or conductive mixtures of these materials with one another or with other materials are advantageously to be used for the resistant partition walls.
  • the use of materials with NTC behavior can further accelerate the arc quenching.
  • An advantageous further development of the invention consists in that at least the resistive partition walls are covered with an arc-resistant and diffusion-resistant material layer, which in turn also has a finite resistance.
  • the partition walls are thus shielded from the influence of the arcs and the liquid metal, which in turn permits the use of materials which are otherwise sensitive to these influences but are often inexpensive for the partition walls.
  • the material layer is made sufficiently thick, the partition walls become more stable with respect to high pressures, which in turn allows the use of materials which are otherwise sensitive to high pressures but are often inexpensive for the partition walls.
  • Metallic coatings made of, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chrome or stainless steel are appropriate for the material layer.
  • a partial coating with such a material layer provided at certain points on the surface has the advantage of influencing the location and the intensity of the arc commutation and thus the limiting properties and / or the total load on the current limiting device.
  • a material layer produced by powder coating is expedient.
  • Figure 1 in longitudinal section an inventive current limiting device
  • FIG. 2 an embodiment of a single partition from the current limiting device according to FIG. 1. Best way to carry out the invention
  • the current limiting device 10 contains an electrode 1 made of solid metal, preferably copper, on both sides, which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 3 of the current limiting device 10 and merges into an outer connecting conductor 2. Between the electrodes 1 there are several compressor spaces 4, which are formed by a corresponding number of annular sealing disks 11 and intermediate walls 12. The electrodes 1, the sealing disks 11 and the intermediate walls 12 are held by a molded housing 5, whereby known means are provided for sealing the compression spaces 4 and for non-positively connecting the elements 1, 11 and 12 stored in the molded housing 5, but not shown for reasons of clarity are.
  • the means for sealing can be, for example, sealing rings between the sealing disks 11 and the intermediate walls 12 or electrodes 1.
  • the means for non-positive connection are, for example, continuous tension screws.
  • the two outer compressor spaces 4 are laterally delimited by one of the electrodes 1 and by an intermediate wall 12.
  • the inner compression spaces 4 are laterally delimited by two intermediate walls 12.
  • the generally multi-part molded housing 5 and the sealing washers 11 are pressure-resistant first and second insulating bodies. All the compressor rooms 4 are partially filled with a liquid metal 7, for example a GalnSn alloy. For example, there is a vacuum above the liquid metal 7.
  • the intermediate walls 12 are provided with connecting channels 8 arranged below the longitudinal axis 3.
  • the connecting channels 8 are also filled with liquid metal 7, so that there is a continuous electrically conductive connection between the electrodes 1.
  • the intermediate walls 12 are provided in the area of their connecting channels 8 with bushings 13, which consist of a high-temperature and erosion-resistant ceramic material, whereby other suitable materials can also be used.
  • the intermediate walls 12 consist of a material with a finite resistance, for example made of a conductive plastic.
  • the resistance of the intermediate walls 12 is greater than the resistance of the current path via the liquid metal 7 in the associated connecting channel 8 under normal conditions.
  • the intermediate walls 12 are coated on both sides with a conductive material layer 14 made of a material which is diffusion-resistant to the liquid metal 7 and resistant to arcing influences, for example made of molybdenum.
  • a conductive combination of intermediate wall 12 and material layers 14 is sufficiently resistant both to the extreme pressure conditions occurring in the event of a current limitation as well as to material-damaging influences of the liquid metal 7 as well as commutated arcs, the bushings 13 being made of half bodies pressed in on both sides to ensure high arc resistance.
  • the diffusion-resistant material layers 14 prevent the partition walls 12 from swelling or dissolving, an associated contamination of the liquid metal 7 and thus an undesirable change in the properties of the current limiting device 10.
  • the material layers can be applied, for example, by vapor deposition, vulcanization or adhesive bonding.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but also encompasses all embodiments having the same effect in the sense of the invention.
  • the intermediate walls 12 can only be coated on one side with a material layer 14 or only partially provided on both sides or on one side with a material layer 14. Combinations of more than three layers are also conceivable. It can also make sense to only partially partition the partition walls 12 from a stubborn and otherwise constructed from an insulating material, such partitions may have none, a partial or a complete one or both sides covering with a material layer 14. Furthermore, it makes sense to design only part of the partition walls with resistance and the other part to be insulating.

Landscapes

  • Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-resetting current limiting device with liquid metal. Said device comprises electrodes (1) made of solid metal for connection to an electric circuit to be protected and several compressor chambers (4) partially filled with liquid metal (7) and placed one after the other between the electrodes (1), which are formed by pressure-proof insulating bodies (5, 11) and partition walls (12) having connecting channels (8) supported by said bodies. The partition walls (12) have bushings (13) in the area of the connecting channels (8), which are made of insulating material that is resistant to high temperatures and burning. In order to reduce temperature and pressure load in the current limiting device (10), at least one part of the partition walls (12) has an end resistor between the corresponding adjacent compressor chambers (4).

Description

B e s c h r e i b u n g Description
Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit FlüssigmetallSelf-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal according to the preamble of claim 1.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aus der DE 198 53 580 C1 ist eine solche Strombegrenzungseinrichtung bekannt, die zwei Elektroden aus Festmetall und mehrere teilweise mit Flüssigmetall aufgefüllte, zwischen den Elektroden hintereinander liegende Verdichterräume enthält, die durch druckfeste Isolierkörper und durch diese gehaltene, elektrisch isolierende Zwischenwände mit Verbindungskanälen gebildet werden, wobei zur Einsparung preis- und arbeitsintensiver Materialien die Zwischenwände im Bereich der Verbindungskanäle Buchsen aus hochtemperatur- und abbrandfestem isolierendem Material aufweisen und im übrigen aus einem demgegenüber geringwertigeren Werkstoff, beispielsweise einem formbeständigen Formstoff, bestehen. Im Normalbetrieb besteht über das Flüs- sigmetall eine durchgehende innere leitende Verbindung zwischen den Elektroden. Im Strombegrenzungsfall wird infolge der hohen Stromdichte schlagartig das Flüssigmetall aus den Verbindungskanälen verdrängt. Damit ist die elektrische Verbindung der Elektroden über das Flüssigmetall unterbrochen, was zur Begrenzung des Kurzschlussstromes führt. Nach Abschaltung oder Beseitigung des Kurzschlusses füllen sich die Verbindungskanäle wieder mit Flüssigmetall, worauf die Strombegrenzungseinrichtung erneut betriebsbereit ist. Von Nachteil ist die extreme Temperatur - und Druckbelastung der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung, insbesondere für die Zwischenwände und die Isolier- P T/EP01/03426Such a current limiting device is known from DE 198 53 580 C1, which contains two electrodes made of solid metal and a plurality of compression spaces, which are partially filled with liquid metal and are located one behind the other between the electrodes, and which are formed by pressure-resistant insulating bodies and by these electrically insulating intermediate walls with connecting channels, where to save expensive and labor-intensive materials, the partitions in the area of the connecting channels have bushings made of high-temperature and erosion-resistant insulating material and, moreover, consist of a material of lower quality, for example a dimensionally stable molding material. In normal operation there is a continuous internal conductive connection between the electrodes via the liquid metal. In the event of a current limitation, the liquid metal is suddenly displaced from the connecting channels due to the high current density. The electrical connection of the electrodes via the liquid metal is thus interrupted, which leads to the limitation of the short-circuit current. After the short circuit has been switched off or eliminated, the connecting channels fill again with liquid metal, whereupon the current limiting device is ready for operation again. A disadvantage is the extreme temperature and pressure load on the current limiting device, particularly for the partition walls and the insulation PT / EP01 / 03426
körper, durch die zündenden Lichtbögen, die bei einem zu begrenzenden äußeren Kurzschluss auftreten.body, due to the igniting arcs that occur in the event of an external short circuit to be limited.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Temperatur- und Druckbelastung der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung zu senken.The invention is therefore based on the object of reducing the temperature and pressure load on the current limiting device.
Ausgehend von einer Strombegrenzungseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches gelöst, während den abhängigen Ansprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind.Starting from a current limiting device of the type mentioned at the outset, the object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of the independent claim, while advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
Die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände wirken gegenüber den Verbindungskanälen als Parallelwiderstände, wobei im Normalbetrieb der größere Teil des Stromes durch die Verbindungskanäle geführt wird. Im Strombegrenzungsfall wird das Flüssigmetall explosionsartig aus den Verbindungskanälen getrieben, wobei der Strom auf die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände kommutiert. Damit wird entstehenden Lichtbögen Energie entzogen, wodurch diese sehr schnell gelöscht werden. Durch eine entsprechende Dimensionierung des Widerstandes der Zwischenwände kann die Entstehung von Lichtbögen sogar weitestgehend unterdrückt werden. Die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände verringern demnach die Gesamtbelastung der Strombegren- zungseinrichtung, was zu einer wesentlichen Erhöhung deren Lebensdauer führt. Die Zwischenwände haben im übrigen den Temperatur- und Druckbeanspruchungen außerhalb der Verbindungskanäle zu genügen.The resistive partition walls act as parallel resistors with respect to the connecting channels, the major part of the current being conducted through the connecting channels in normal operation. In the event of a current limitation, the liquid metal is driven explosively out of the connecting channels, the current commutating to the resistive partition walls. In this way, arcs are drawn from energy, which means that they are extinguished very quickly. By appropriately dimensioning the resistance of the partition walls, the formation of arcs can even be largely suppressed. The resistive partition walls accordingly reduce the total load on the current limiting device, which leads to a substantial increase in its service life. The partition walls have to meet the temperature and pressure stresses outside the connecting channels.
Für die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände sind vorteilhaft leitfähige Poly- mere, leitfähige Keramiken oder leitfähige Gemische dieser Materialien untereinander oder mit anderen Materialien zu verwenden. Durch die Verwendung von Materialien mit NTC-Verhalten kann die Lichtbogenlöschung weiter beschleunigt werden. Ein vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass wenigstens die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände mit einer lichtbogenfesten und diffusionsbeständigen Materialschicht überzogen sind, die ihrerseits auch ei- nen endlichen Widerstand aufweist. Einerseits werden die Zwischenwände damit vor dem Einfluss der Lichtbögen und des Flüssigmetalls abgeschirmt, was wiederum die Verwendung von sonst gegenüber diesen Einflüssen empfindlichen, jedoch häufig preiswerten Materialien für die Zwischenwände erlaubt. Anderseits werden die Zwischenwände bei einer ausreichend starken Ausgestaltung der Materialschicht gegenüber hohen Drücken stabiler, was wiederum die Verwendung von sonst gegenüber hohen Drücken empfindlichen, jedoch häufig preiswerten Materialien für die Zwischenwände erlaubt.Conductive polymers, conductive ceramics or conductive mixtures of these materials with one another or with other materials are advantageously to be used for the resistant partition walls. The use of materials with NTC behavior can further accelerate the arc quenching. An advantageous further development of the invention consists in that at least the resistive partition walls are covered with an arc-resistant and diffusion-resistant material layer, which in turn also has a finite resistance. On the one hand, the partition walls are thus shielded from the influence of the arcs and the liquid metal, which in turn permits the use of materials which are otherwise sensitive to these influences but are often inexpensive for the partition walls. On the other hand, if the material layer is made sufficiently thick, the partition walls become more stable with respect to high pressures, which in turn allows the use of materials which are otherwise sensitive to high pressures but are often inexpensive for the partition walls.
Für die Materialschicht sind metallische Überzüge aus beispielsweise Wolf- ram, Molybdän, Nickel, Chrom oder Edelstahl zweckmäßig. Ein an bestimmten Stellen der Oberfläche vorgesehener Teilüberzug mit einer derartigen Materialschicht hat den Vorteil, den Ort und die Intensität der Lichtbogenkommutierung und damit die Begrenzungseigenschaften und/oder die Gesamtbelastung der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung zu beeinflussen.Metallic coatings made of, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chrome or stainless steel are appropriate for the material layer. A partial coating with such a material layer provided at certain points on the surface has the advantage of influencing the location and the intensity of the arc commutation and thus the limiting properties and / or the total load on the current limiting device.
Zweckmäßig ist eine durch Pulverbeschichten hergestellte Materialschicht.A material layer produced by powder coating is expedient.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel. Es zeigenFurther details and advantages of the invention result from the following exemplary embodiment explained with reference to figures. Show it
Figur 1 : im Längsschnitt eine erfindungsgemäße Strombegrenzungseinrich- tung;Figure 1: in longitudinal section an inventive current limiting device;
Figur 2: eine Ausführungsform einer einzelnen Zwischenwand aus der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach Fig. 1. Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungFIG. 2: an embodiment of a single partition from the current limiting device according to FIG. 1. Best way to carry out the invention
Die Strombegrenzungseinrichtung 10 nach Fig. 1 enthält zu beiden Seiten je eine Elektrode 1 aus Festmetall, vorzugsweise Kupfer, die bezüglich der Längsachse 3 der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung 10 rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet ist und in einen äußeren Anschlussleiter 2 übergeht. Zwischen den Elektroden 1 befinden sich mehrere Verdichterräume 4, die durch eine entsprechende Anzahl von ringförmigen Dichtscheiben 11 sowie von Zwi- schenwänden 12 gebildet werden. Durch ein Formgehäuse 5 werden die Elektroden 1 , die Dichtscheiben 11 und die Zwischenwände 12 gehalten, wobei bekannte Mittel zum Abdichten der Verdichterräume 4 und zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden der im Formgehäuse 5 gelagerten Elemente 1 , 11 und 12 vorgesehen, jedoch aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt sind. Die Mittel zum Abdichten können beispielsweise Dichtringe zwischen den Dichtscheiben 11 und den Zwischenwänden 12 bzw. Elektroden 1 sein. Die Mittel zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden sind beispielsweise durchgehende Spannschrauben. Die beiden äußeren Verdichterräume 4 werden seitlich jeweils durch eine der Elektroden 1 sowie durch eine Zwischenwand 12 be- grenzt. Die inneren Verdichterräume 4 werden seitlich jeweils durch zwei Zwischenwände 12 begrenzt. Das im allgemeinen mehrteilige Formgehäuse 5 und die Dichtscheiben 11 sind druckfeste erste bzw. zweite Isolierkörper. Alle Verdichterräume 4 sind teilweise mit einem Flüssigmetall 7, beispielsweise einer GalnSn-Legierung, ausgefüllt. Oberhalb des Flüssigmetalls 7 befindet sich beispielsweise Vakuum. Die Zwischenwände 12 sind mit unterhalb der Längsachse 3 angeordneten Verbindungskanälen 8 versehen. Die Verbindungskanäle 8 sind ebenfalls mit Flüssigmetall 7 gefüllt, so dass zwischen den Elektroden 1 eine durchgehende elektrisch leitende Verbindung besteht. Die Zwischenwände 12 sind im Bereich ihrer Verbindungskanäle 8 mit Buchsen 13 versehen, die aus einem hochtemperatur- und abbrandfesten keramischen Material bestehen, wobei auch andere geeignete Materialien Anwendung finden können. Die Zwischenwände 12 bestehen im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik aus einem Material mit einen endlichen Widerstand, beispielsweise aus einem leitfähigen Kunststoff. Der Widerstand der Zwischenwände 12 ist jedoch größer als der Widerstand des Strompfades über das Flüssigmetall 7 in dem zugehörigen Verbindungskanal 8 unter Normalbedingungen ist. Im Strombegrenzungsfall wird jedoch der Widerstand der Verbindungskanäle 8 durch das verdrängte Flüssigmetall 7 schlagartig vergrößert, so dass über die leitenden Zwischenwände ein erheblicher Teil des zu begrenzenden Stromes geleitet wird, was zu einer sehr schnellen Löschung der in den Verbindungskanälen 8 entstehenden Lichtbögen oder sogar zur Vermeidung von Lichtbögen führt.The current limiting device 10 according to FIG. 1 contains an electrode 1 made of solid metal, preferably copper, on both sides, which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 3 of the current limiting device 10 and merges into an outer connecting conductor 2. Between the electrodes 1 there are several compressor spaces 4, which are formed by a corresponding number of annular sealing disks 11 and intermediate walls 12. The electrodes 1, the sealing disks 11 and the intermediate walls 12 are held by a molded housing 5, whereby known means are provided for sealing the compression spaces 4 and for non-positively connecting the elements 1, 11 and 12 stored in the molded housing 5, but not shown for reasons of clarity are. The means for sealing can be, for example, sealing rings between the sealing disks 11 and the intermediate walls 12 or electrodes 1. The means for non-positive connection are, for example, continuous tension screws. The two outer compressor spaces 4 are laterally delimited by one of the electrodes 1 and by an intermediate wall 12. The inner compression spaces 4 are laterally delimited by two intermediate walls 12. The generally multi-part molded housing 5 and the sealing washers 11 are pressure-resistant first and second insulating bodies. All the compressor rooms 4 are partially filled with a liquid metal 7, for example a GalnSn alloy. For example, there is a vacuum above the liquid metal 7. The intermediate walls 12 are provided with connecting channels 8 arranged below the longitudinal axis 3. The connecting channels 8 are also filled with liquid metal 7, so that there is a continuous electrically conductive connection between the electrodes 1. The intermediate walls 12 are provided in the area of their connecting channels 8 with bushings 13, which consist of a high-temperature and erosion-resistant ceramic material, whereby other suitable materials can also be used. In contrast to the prior art, the intermediate walls 12 consist of a material with a finite resistance, for example made of a conductive plastic. However, the resistance of the intermediate walls 12 is greater than the resistance of the current path via the liquid metal 7 in the associated connecting channel 8 under normal conditions. In the event of a current limitation, however, the resistance of the connecting channels 8 is suddenly increased by the displaced liquid metal 7, so that a considerable part of the current to be limited is conducted via the conductive partitions, which leads to a very rapid extinguishing of the arcs occurring in the connecting channels 8 or even to avoid them of arcs.
Wie im einzelnen aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, sind die Zwischenwände 12 zu beiden Seiten mit einer leitenden Materialschicht 14 aus einem gegenüber dem Flüssigmetall 7 diffusionsbeständigen und gegenüber Lichtbogeneinflüssen resistenten Material, beispielsweise aus Molybdän, beschichtet. Eine derartige leitfähige Kombination aus Zwischenwand 12 und Materialschichten 14 ist ausreichend widerstandsfähig sowohl gegen die im Strombegrenzungsfall auftretenden extremen Druckbedingungen als auch gegen materialschädigende Einflüsse des Flüssigmetalls 7 sowie kommutierter Lichtbögen, wobei die Buchsen 13 aus beidseitig eingepressten Halbkörpern eine hohe Lichtbo- genfestigkeit gewährleisten. Die diffusionsbeständigen Materialschichten 14 verhindern ein Aufquellen oder Auflösen der Zwischenwände 12, eine damit verbundene Verunreinigung des Flüssigmetalls 7 und somit eine unerwünschte Veränderung der Eigenschaften der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung 10. Die Aufbringung der Materialschichten kann beispielsweise durch Aufdampfen, Aufvulkanisieren oder Aufkleben erfolgt sein.As can be seen in detail from FIG. 2, the intermediate walls 12 are coated on both sides with a conductive material layer 14 made of a material which is diffusion-resistant to the liquid metal 7 and resistant to arcing influences, for example made of molybdenum. Such a conductive combination of intermediate wall 12 and material layers 14 is sufficiently resistant both to the extreme pressure conditions occurring in the event of a current limitation as well as to material-damaging influences of the liquid metal 7 as well as commutated arcs, the bushings 13 being made of half bodies pressed in on both sides to ensure high arc resistance. The diffusion-resistant material layers 14 prevent the partition walls 12 from swelling or dissolving, an associated contamination of the liquid metal 7 and thus an undesirable change in the properties of the current limiting device 10. The material layers can be applied, for example, by vapor deposition, vulcanization or adhesive bonding.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern umfasst auch alle im Sinne der Erfindung gleichwirkenden Ausführungsformen. So können beispielsweise die Zwi- schenwände 12 nur einseitig mit einer Materialschicht 14 überzogen oder beidseitig oder einseitig nur zum Teil mit einer Materialschicht 14 versehen sein. Auch Kombinationen aus mehr als drei Schichten sind denkbar. Ebenso kann es sinnvoll sein, die Zwischenwände 12 nur zum Teil aus einem wider- standsbehafteten und im übrigen aus einem isolierenden Material aufzubauen, wobei derartige Zwischenwände keinen, einen teilweisen oder einen vollständigen ein- oder beidseitigen Überzug mit einer Materialschicht 14 aufweisen können. Weiterhin ist es sinnvoll, nur einen Teil der Zwischenwände widerstandsbehaftet und den übrigen Teil isolierend auszuführen. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but also encompasses all embodiments having the same effect in the sense of the invention. For example, the intermediate walls 12 can only be coated on one side with a material layer 14 or only partially provided on both sides or on one side with a material layer 14. Combinations of more than three layers are also conceivable. It can also make sense to only partially partition the partition walls 12 from a stubborn and otherwise constructed from an insulating material, such partitions may have none, a partial or a complete one or both sides covering with a material layer 14. Furthermore, it makes sense to design only part of the partition walls with resistance and the other part to be insulating.

Claims

A n s p r ü c h eExpectations
Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall, enthal- tend Elektroden (1) aus Festmetall zum Anschließen an einen zu schützenden Stromkreis und mehrere teilweise mit Flüssigmetall (7) aufgefüllte, zwischen den Elektroden (1) hintereinander liegende Verdichterräume (4), die durch druckfeste Isolierkörper (5, 11) und durch diese gehaltene Zwischenwände (12) mit Verbindungskanälen (8) gebildet werden, wobei die Zwischenwände (12) im Bereich der Verbindungskanäle (8) Buchsen (13) aus hochtemperatur- und abbrandfestem isolierendem Material aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein Teil der Zwischenwände (12) zwischen den jeweils benachbarten Verdichterräumen (4) einen endlichen Widerstand aufweist, der im Normalbetrieb der Strombegrenzungs- einrichtung (10) merklich größer als der durch das Flüssigmetall (7) im zugehörigen Verbindungskanal (8) gebildete Widerstand ist.Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal, containing electrodes (1) made of solid metal for connection to a circuit to be protected and several compressor rooms (4), which are partly filled with liquid metal (7) and are located one behind the other between the electrodes (1) and which are protected by pressure-resistant insulating bodies (5 , 11) and intermediate walls (12) held by these with connecting channels (8), the intermediate walls (12) in the area of the connecting channels (8) having bushings (13) made of high-temperature and erosion-resistant insulating material, characterized in that at least a part of the partition walls (12) between the respectively adjacent compressor spaces (4) has a finite resistance which, during normal operation of the current limiting device (10), is markedly greater than the resistance formed by the liquid metal (7) in the associated connecting duct (8).
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände (12) aus einem leit- fähigen Polymer oder einer leitfähigen Keramik oder aus einem leitfähigenCurrent limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistive partition walls (12) made of a conductive polymer or a conductive ceramic or a conductive
Gemisch dieser Materialien untereinander oder mit anderen Materialien bestehen.Mixture of these materials with each other or with other materials.
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände (12) mit einem negativen Temperaturkoeffizienten behaftet sind.Current limiting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resistive partition walls (12) have a negative temperature coefficient.
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens die widerstandsbehafteten Zwischenwände (12) mit einer Materialschicht (14) aus einem lichtbogenfesten und gegenüber dem Flüssigmetall (7) diffusionsbeständigen Material mit endlichem Widerstand überzogen sind. Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Materialschicht (14) aus Wolfram, Molybdän, Vanadium, Nickel, Tantal, Titan, Rhenium, Chrom oder deren Legierungen oder aus hochlegiertem Edelstahl, insbesondere mit hohem CrNi- Gehalt, besteht.Current limiting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the resistive partition walls (12) are covered with a material layer (14) made of an arc-resistant and diffusion-resistant material with respect to the liquid metal (7) with finite resistance. Current limiting device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the material layer (14) consists of tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, tantalum, titanium, rhenium, chromium or their alloys or of high-alloy stainless steel, in particular with a high CrNi content.
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nur eine Teiloberfläche der Zwischenwände (12) mit der Materialschicht (14) bedeckt ist.Current limiting device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that only a partial surface of the intermediate walls (12) is covered with the material layer (14).
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Materialschicht (14) pulverbeschichtet ist. Current limiting device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the material layer (14) is powder-coated.
PCT/EP2001/003426 2000-04-14 2001-03-27 Self-resetting current limiting device with liquid metal WO2001080270A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000118564 DE10018564A1 (en) 2000-04-14 2000-04-14 Self-recovering current limiting device has intermediate walls between compression chambers whose resistance is larger than that formed by liquid metal in connecting channel
DE10018564.9 2000-04-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001080270A1 true WO2001080270A1 (en) 2001-10-25

Family

ID=7638771

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2001/003426 WO2001080270A1 (en) 2000-04-14 2001-03-27 Self-resetting current limiting device with liquid metal

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10018564A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001080270A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008064494A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-05 Abb Research Ltd Liquid metal current switch

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1954979A1 (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-05-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Current limiting element
FR2283543A1 (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-26 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie CURRENT LIMITATION DEVICE
NL7509962A (en) * 1975-08-22 1977-02-24 Hazemeijer Bv Electrical current limiting device - has cylindrical housing in two parts with central insulator and internal filling of conductive liquid metal
DE19853580C1 (en) * 1998-11-20 2000-02-24 Moeller Gmbh Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material
EP1045419A1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-18 Moeller GmbH Electrode arrangement for electrical devices with liquid metal
DE19916323A1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-19 Moeller Gmbh Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1954979A1 (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-05-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Current limiting element
FR2283543A1 (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-26 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie CURRENT LIMITATION DEVICE
NL7509962A (en) * 1975-08-22 1977-02-24 Hazemeijer Bv Electrical current limiting device - has cylindrical housing in two parts with central insulator and internal filling of conductive liquid metal
DE19853580C1 (en) * 1998-11-20 2000-02-24 Moeller Gmbh Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material
EP1045419A1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-18 Moeller GmbH Electrode arrangement for electrical devices with liquid metal
DE19916323A1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-19 Moeller Gmbh Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008064494A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-05 Abb Research Ltd Liquid metal current switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10018564A1 (en) 2001-10-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3807920B1 (en) Vacuum interrupter and high-voltage switching assembly
DE19727009A1 (en) Current limiting resistor with PTC behaviour
EP1173873B1 (en) Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal
WO2001080270A1 (en) Self-resetting current limiting device with liquid metal
EP1603141A1 (en) Surge arrester with insulation by gas
EP1166309B1 (en) Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal
DE19853580C1 (en) Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material
DE2843120A1 (en) ENCAPSULATED LIGHTNING PROTECTION DEVICE
DE10018563B4 (en) Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal
DE2446121C3 (en) Electric current limiting device
EP1045419B1 (en) Electrode arrangement for electrical devices with liquid metal
EP3959734B1 (en) Electrical switch
DE19909559C1 (en) Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter including partition walls with connection channels formed by opposed conical opening pairs, for overload and short-circuit protection
DE19903939B4 (en) Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal
DE2647643C2 (en) Gas switch
WO2000077811A1 (en) Self-recovering current-limiting device containing liquid metal
DE3145391C2 (en) Gas switch
EP1026720B1 (en) Self restoring current limiting device with liquid metal
DE19647736C1 (en) HV circuit-breaker for HV switchgear
DE102021207962A1 (en) Vacuum interrupter and arrangement with vacuum interrupters and method for shutting down vacuum interrupters
DE3122102C2 (en) Valve arrester
WO2000062322A1 (en) Self-regenerating current limiter with liquid metal
CH622648A5 (en)
WO2023147967A1 (en) Controllable vacuum interrupter, and arrangement and method for controlling vacuum interrupters
EP1131837A1 (en) Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP