WO2001079608A1 - Matiere en papier polyvalente et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Matiere en papier polyvalente et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001079608A1
WO2001079608A1 PCT/CN2000/000071 CN0000071W WO0179608A1 WO 2001079608 A1 WO2001079608 A1 WO 2001079608A1 CN 0000071 W CN0000071 W CN 0000071W WO 0179608 A1 WO0179608 A1 WO 0179608A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
paper
multiple functions
cultivation
seed
seeds
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Application number
PCT/CN2000/000071
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Chingchung Huang
Original Assignee
Yuen Foong Yu Paper Mfg Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yuen Foong Yu Paper Mfg Co., Ltd. filed Critical Yuen Foong Yu Paper Mfg Co., Ltd.
Priority to AU39544/00A priority Critical patent/AU3954400A/en
Priority to DE60045623T priority patent/DE60045623D1/de
Priority to PCT/CN2000/000071 priority patent/WO2001079608A1/zh
Priority to AT00918658T priority patent/ATE498030T1/de
Priority to JP2001576988A priority patent/JP2003531307A/ja
Priority to CNB008193770A priority patent/CN100460596C/zh
Priority to EP00918658A priority patent/EP1275778B1/en
Publication of WO2001079608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001079608A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/52Mulches
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/04Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
    • A01C1/044Sheets, multiple sheets or mats
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/36Biocidal agents, e.g. fungicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/10Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
    • A01G13/105Protective devices against slugs, snails, crawling insects or other climbing animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multifunctional paper material and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, to a multifunctional agricultural paper and a manufacturing method thereof. Background of the invention
  • the general crop production process includes steps such as land preparation, seeding, fertilization, weeding, and harvesting, and each step requires a lot of labor, of which weeding is the most labor-intensive project.
  • farmers mostly use plastic tape to cover the soil to prevent overgrown weeds.
  • the plastic tape has no use value.
  • farmers often do not know how to dispose of it, and because it cannot be naturally decomposed, it is easy to cause secondary pollution when discarded. Furthermore, it will not only cause water permeability and poor ventilation, but also affect the ecological environment of soil microorganisms and crop growth.
  • the raw materials for papermaking generally come from natural organic wood fibers, which are also good microbial carriers.
  • many traditional chemical additives are applied inside the traditional paper, and they are not designed according to the characteristics of the crop. Therefore, the general waste paper is applied to field cultivation. Both are quite unsatisfactory.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a paper material with multiple functions and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural paper having multiple functions and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • the agricultural paper has the characteristics of no pollution, natural decomposition, and strong light blocking, and can be used as a carrier of agricultural antagonistic microorganisms, and used as a herbicide for plant cultivation, pest control, seeding, seedling raising, fertilization, fertilizer saving, and labor saving. Functional substrate.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention includes providing raw materials required for papermaking, and subjecting it to a special treatment to obtain a clean pulp, and adding at least one functional additive to the clean pulp, and then processing the multi-functional paper .
  • the raw material is a fiber raw material selected from waste paper boxes, a material that is naturally degradable, natural plant fibers, and high polymer fibers.
  • the special treatment includes classification, bulk pulp, coarse cleansing, fiber separation, coarse screening, fine cleansing, fine screening, thermal dispersion, bleaching, washing and refining.
  • the functional auxiliary is preferably a substance selected from the group consisting of bitter tea meal powder, calcium carbonate, an insect and pest control agent, an antibacterial agent, an herbicide, a dry strength agent and a wet strength agent.
  • the amount of bitter tea meal powder is 1%, which can prevent Fushou snail and improve the fiber dispersibility during paper making.
  • the amount of calcium carbonate used depends on the fiber sieving ratio of the paper, the need for air permeability and water absorption, in order to give full play to the paper power and promote the proliferation of microorganisms in the paper.
  • various inorganic or organic fillers such as black carbon, silicon dioxide, or titanium dioxide can be used to improve the herbicidal effect.
  • the thousand strong agents are melamine formaldehyde resin, polymer amine-epichlorohydrin resin, phenoic resin, and glyoxylated polypropylene.
  • Wet strength agents that can be used include melamine formaldehyde resin, polymeric amine-epichlorohydrin resin, phenoic resin, or glyoxylated polyacrylamide tree ( glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin) and other anionic or cationic acid or neutral wet strength agents.
  • the pH value of the paper with multiple functions is maintained at neutral or about 6.
  • the paper with multiple functions has a basis weight of 120 g / m 2 to 150 g / m 2 or more, a thickness between 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm, and a water absorption capacity of Cobb, lMin, Above 20 gsm, the wet breaking strength longitudinally / horizontally after immersing for 2 hours is 1.0 Km or less, and the wet bursting strength after transversely immersing for 2 hours is 1.0 or less (kg / cm2), the air permeability is Below 50 Sec / 100 CC.
  • the paper with multiple functions has a function of preventing grass from being blocked by sunlight and a natural porous carrier that is easy for microorganisms to attach and reproduce, and can be coated thereon with a specific plant antagonistic microorganism, It is a natural anti-pest ingredient or bactericidal agent, and is covered on the cultivation medium or soil of freshly planted or transplanted plants.
  • the antagonistic microorganisms of the specific plant diseases and insect pests can be various crop diseases and insect pests such as rice sheath blight, or radish seedling blight.
  • the pest and disease resistance component is preferably selected from a group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium linear sulfenylbenzenesulfonate (LAS), saponin agricultural waste, and bitter tea seeds.
  • SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • LAS sodium linear sulfenylbenzenesulfonate
  • saponin agricultural waste and bitter tea seeds.
  • Substance of methanol extract of meal or tobacco powder Antagonistic microorganisms and pest resistance of the specific plant diseases and insect pests
  • Ingredients or bactericidal agents can be coated on the surface of the paper with multiple functions through a binder such as natural starch gum or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
  • powdered fertilizer can be applied to the paper with multiple functions by means of coating technology, and a layer of slow-release organic or chemical fertilizer can be coated on the paper with multiple functions.
  • Nutritional requirements for plant cultivation Or punch holes in the paper with multiple functions, make the holes slightly penetrate the fertilizer coating and the paper base, and sow the seeds of various plants on the holes to facilitate the root system to develop downward when the seeds germinate.
  • a viscous substance such as spray glue, starch, or carboxymethyl cel lulose (CMC)
  • CMC carboxymethyl cel lulose
  • the fixing layer has proper wetting strength and burst back pressure under moistening, so as to promote the sprout development of crop seeds and the sound development of the root system to the ground.
  • the seeds can be treated with alginic soda acid, gelatine or polyvinyl alcohol in combination with a seed preparation according to plant characteristics and cultivation methods.
  • the seed preparation treatment agent is a kind selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, glycerin, and 2- Substance of octyl glycol.
  • the seed may be a pulp-covered seed, a polymer compound-covered seed, or an artificial seed for cell tissue cultivation.
  • the paper with multiple functions may be rolled or cut into shapes for use. It can be applied to various crop cultivation fields such as large-scale fields, home gardening, golf courses, etc., or it can be applied to three-dimensional cultivation boxes covered with organic soil or organic media for domestic use, or artificial rooms for industrial temperature control and light control devices. Cultivation system.
  • the paper with multiple functions can be selected and adjusted according to the applicability of the above raw materials in organic agriculture, and is applied to crop cultivation in paddy fields or dry fields in general or organic farming methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses a kind of fertilizer and seeds which is made of waste pulp and has anti-grass, anti-pest, anti-bacterial, anti-bacteria Multifunctional agricultural paper. It uses recycled waste paper, natural degradable natural plant fibers, or high-molecular polymer fibers and other raw materials. After bulk pulp, coarse cleansing, fiber separation, coarse screening, fine paddle, fine screening, thermal dispersion, bleaching, After the equipment such as pulp washing and grinding pads are processed to obtain clean paper paddles, the paper paddles are sent to a paper machine for making. The waste paper pulp is dewatered by the papermaking machine's netting section and press section, and the drying cylinder is rolled into a paper roll after drying. The paper roll passes through rewinding, embossing, perforating, seeding, attaching fixed layers, cutting, winding, packaging and other processing equipment, and it is a multifunctional finished agricultural paper.
  • various functional additives can be added to the pulp, such as bitter tea meal powder, calcium carbonate, dry strength agent, wet strength agent, and herbicide. , Pest control, anti-bacteria and so on.
  • these functional assistants are sprayed, coated, or impregnated on the papermaking machine or the processing equipment behind the machine, so that the agricultural covering paper of the present invention can exert the maximum effect or function.
  • suitable wet strength agents include melamine formaldehyde resin, polymer amine-epichlorohydrin resin, and phenoic resin), glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin (glyoxalated polyacrylamide Resin) and other anionic or cationic acid or neutral wet strength agents.
  • Available dry strength agents include melamine formaldehyde resin, polymer amine-epichlorohydrin resin, phenoic resin, and glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin ( glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin), polyacrylamide resin, raw starch or modified starch and other anionic or cationic acid or neutral dry strength agents.
  • the herbicide part various inorganic or organic fillers such as black carbon, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and the like can be used.
  • the types of pest control agents include linear alkyl benzene sulfonate and bitter tea meal.
  • a small amount of CaC0 3 can be added to fully exert the paper power and promote the function of microorganisms in the paper.
  • 1% natural bitter tea meal powder is added to improve the fiber dispersibility of the paper mat in the field against the snail resistance and paper making.
  • the manufacturing method and data are specifically disclosed to explain the features and concepts of the present invention.
  • high-density pure pulp is used in combination with manufacturing equipment that has excellent performance and can automatically adjust the proportion of long and short fibers according to changes in pulp freeness (CSF).
  • CSF pulp freeness
  • the utilization efficiency of the fiber paper force is improved and the internal fiber structure of the paper is improved, so that the paper force can be enhanced to the extent that the paddy field can be used without resorting to chemical agents.
  • Wedgewire can be used to screen and clean step by step in manufacturing. This can increase the processing capacity under the small-aperture sieve, and remove fines that may affect paper power, adverse manufacturing operations, and harmful to human health.
  • High-concentration refining system to improve manufacturing efficiency and stabilize basic quality.
  • Copymaking In the process, in order to cope with no chemical addition, the paper machine is used with a low head box concentration, the aspect ratio is adjusted, the horizontal basis weight is stabilized (stable), and the drying temperature is reduced. Special anti-fouling equipment for dryers and canvases are installed to make The vertical and horizontal moisture gradient is reduced to ensure the superiority of paper properties such as paper strength, water absorption, and air permeability to meet the needs of crop cultivation.
  • the basis weight of the paper in order to improve the function of grass control and stable cultivation paper, can be increased to 120 g / m2 to 150 g / m2 or more, and the thickness of the paper is preferably between 0. Between 2 mm and 0.3 mm.
  • the water absorption capacity of the paper can be increased to Cobb, IMin, 20 gsm or more, and the wet breaking strength after soaking for 2 hours is l. OKm or less.
  • the wet bursting force of the paper after 2 hours of wetness can be controlled to be 1.0 or less (kg / cm2).
  • embossing on paper can make the air permeability less than 50 Sec / 100 CC to improve water permeability and dimensional stability of paper under dry and wet conditions.
  • a neutral manufacturing method without chemical addition is used to maintain the neutral pH value of the paper in order to improve the activity of microorganisms and crops.
  • the metal content in the paper is controlled below the proportion (%) shown in Table 1 (based on Tappi Test Method T 438cm-96).
  • the present invention also utilizes a natural porous carrier that has the function of preventing grass from sunlight and a natural porous carrier that is easy for microorganisms to attach and reproduce.
  • Antagonistic microorganisms, natural pest-resistant ingredients or bactericidal agents that are resistant to pests and diseases of a particular plant, and are covered on the cultivation medium or soil of the newly planted or transplanted plants.
  • Examples of the antagonistic microorganisms resistant to pests and diseases of the specific plant include rice sheath blight or radish seed blight.
  • the anti-pest component can be sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), saponin agricultural waste or bitter tea seed meal or tobacco powder.
  • SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • LAS sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate
  • Methanol extract Antagonistic microorganisms, pest-resistant ingredients or fungicides for these specific plants against pests and diseases can be applied to the multi-functional agriculture through adhesives, such as natural starch gums or Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) With paper on the surface.
  • CMC Carboxymethyl cellulose
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SDS layer 2 is coated or sprayed on one surface of the paper mat or agricultural paper 1 of the present invention, and the opposite surface is coated with spores of a high-concentration microbial preparation with natural starch gum or a layer of slow-release organic fertilizer Or chemical fertilizer 3, in order to make low temperature resistant microbial preparations or SDS against a large number of snails can be smoothly sprayed and stored on the paper, the water content of the papermaking dryer from the drying cylinder can be reduced to less than 5%, with natural
  • the spores (about 105 / ml) of high-concentration microbial preparation of starch gum and 2000 ppm of SDS were sprayed on the paper surface at about 70 0C to evaporate a trace of water and perform moisture regaining treatment, and then passed a cooling roller to The paper temperature drops below 50 0C, and then the paper is taken up, stored or cut and rolled into a finished product
  • a plurality of holes 4 can be formed in the paper mat or agricultural paper 1, so that the holes slightly penetrate the fertilizer coating and the paper base layer, and the seeds of various plants are sown on the holes to facilitate the seed germination.
  • the root system develops downward. Then, spray a binder such as starch or CMC, and then cover it with a fixed layer 5 (such as Mayflower kitchen towels with a basis weight of 35 g / m2 or use toilet paper) in order to promote the back pressure of the germinated seeds
  • the root system stands down and stands upright to form a four-in-one planting paper for preventing weeds, pests and diseases, and supplying plant nutrients.
  • alginic soda acid, gelatine, polyvinyl alcohol can be combined with a seed preparation treatment agent to protect the seed germination.
  • Suitable seed preparation treatments include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, glycerol, or 2-octyl diethylene glycol. alcohol.
  • the seed may be a pulp-covered seed, a polymer compound-covered seed, or an artificial seed for cell tissue cultivation.
  • the present invention utilizes the characteristics of non-pollution, natural decomposition, and strong light blocking properties of agricultural paper, and can be used as a carrier of agricultural antagonistic microorganisms and used as plant cultivation for herb control, pest control, Functional base material for seeding, seedling raising, fertilization, fertilizer saving, labor saving.
  • the agricultural paper can be applied to crop cultivation in paddy fields or dry fields of general or organic farming methods, such as cereals, herbs, cash crops, turf or vegetables, flowers, fruits, and the like.
  • the agricultural paper with multiple functions of the present invention can be rolled or cut into shapes for use in applications such as large-scale fields, home gardening, golf courses and other crop cultivation fields, or can be applied It is used in households with three-dimensional cultivation boxes with organic soil or organic media or artificial indoor cultivation systems with temperature control and light control devices for industrial production appliances.

Description

具有多重功能的纸材及其制造方法 发明的领域
本发明涉及一种具有多功能的纸材及其制造方法,尤其涉及一种具有多功能的农 业用纸及其制造方法。 发明的背景
一般之农作物生产过程需包括整地、 播种、 施肥、 除草及收获等步骤, 而每一步 骤均需耗费大量之人工,其中除草是最花费人工之项目。为达到除草的目的,传统上, 农民多半使用塑料胶布覆盖于土面上以防止杂草丛生。 然而, 在作物收成后该塑料胶 布则无利用价值, 农民常常会不知该如何处置, 且因其无法自然分解, 在丢弃时容易 造成二次污染。 再者, 其不仅会导致透水、 透气不良, 而且会影响土壤微生物与作物 生长的生态环境。
由于纸制品具有容易在自然环境中自然分解的特性, 在达到农业生产的目的后, 很自然地回归于大自然, 成为土壤中的有机质, 因此没有回收及废弃物处理和环境污 染等缺点, 若能研究幵发纸制品来取代塑料胶布, 在经济效益及环境保护上均是一具 前瞻性的进步。
造纸的原料一般来自于自然有机木质纤维,其亦是良好的微生物载体,而一般传 统纸张内部都施有许多化学添加剂, 并且不根据作物的需求特性进行设计, 因此导致 一般废纸应用至田间栽培皆相当不理想。
因此, 可根据要求, 在原料或制造过程中添加和调整功能性组份, 从而将纸制品 充分有效应用于农业上, 以解决农业耕作或栽培上常面临的防草、病虫害防治、播种、 育苗、 施肥、 节肥、 省工之问题, 使农业生产可持续发展, 这是本发明的目的。
鉴于现有技术的缺点, 本发明人经过多次试验和研究, 凭着锲而不舍的精神, 终 于作出本发明。 以不为本发明的简要说明。 发明的概述
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种具有多重功能的纸材及其制造方法。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种具有多重功能的农业用纸及其制造方法。该农业 用纸具有无污染、 可自然分解、 阻光性强的特性, 可当作农用拮抗微生物之载体而作 为植物栽培的防草、 病虫害防治、 播种、 育苗、 施肥、 节肥、 省工之功能性基材。
1
确 认本 本发明制造方法包括提供制纸所需的原料, 并经过一特殊处理以获得干净之纸 浆, 以及添加至少一种功能助剂于该干净纸浆之中, 再加工制成该具有多重功能之纸 材。
根据本发明的一种构想,所述原料是一种选自废纸箱的纤维原料,可自然分解性 天然植物纤维和高分子聚合物纤维的材料。 所述特殊处理包括分级、 散浆、 粗净浆、 分纤、 粗筛选、 细净浆、 细筛选、 热分散、 漂白、 洗浆和磨浆。
所述功能助剂较佳为一种选自苦茶粕粉、 碳酸钙、 防病虫害剂、 防菌害剂、 防草 剂、干强剂及湿强剂的物质。苦茶粕粉的使用量为 1%, 可用以防止福寿螺并提升制纸 时的纤维分散性。 而碳酸钙的使用量依该纸材之纤维筛分比率、 透气及吸水之需求而 定, 以充分发挥纸力并促使纸中微生物的繁殖。
较佳地, 在温带可用炭黑(black carbon)、 二氧化硅(si l icon dioxide)或二氧 化钛 (titanium dioxide)等各种无机或有机填料提高防草效果。 所述千强剂系为三聚 氛胺一甲酸树月旨 (melamine formaldehyde resin)、 聚胺环氧树月旨 (polymeric amine— epichlorohydrin resin)、 酚醛树脂(phenoic resin)、 乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺树脂 (glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin)、 聚丙稀酷胺树脂 (polyacrylamide resin)、 生淀粉 (raw starch)或变性淀粉 (modified starch)等各种阴离子或阳离子性之酸性 或中性干强剂。 可使用的湿强剂包括三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(melamine formaldehyde resin)、 聚胺环氧树月旨 (polymeric amine- epichlorohydrin resin)、 酷酸树月旨 (phenoic resin)或乙二酸化聚丙稀酰胺树月旨 (glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin) 等各种阴离子或阳离子性之酸性或中性湿强剂。
在在本发明的一个较佳实施例中,所述具有多重功能的纸材的酸碱值维持于中性 或约为 6左右。所述具有多重功能之纸材的基重为 120克 /平方公尺至 150克 /平方公 尺或以上, 厚度介于 0. 2毫米至 0. 3毫米之间, 吸水能力为 Cobb , lMin, 20 gsm以上, 浸湿 2小时后湿断裂强度纵 /横为 1. 0 Km以下,浸湿 2小时后湿顶破力纵 /横为 =1. 0 (公 斤 /平方公分)以下, 透气度为 50 Sec/100 CC以下。
根据本发明的另一构想,所述具有多重功能的纸材具有阳光阻绝的防草功能和易 供微生物附着繁殖的天然多孔性载体, 可于其上涂覆一特定植物抗病虫害之拮抗微生 物、 天然抗病虫成份或杀菌药剂, 并覆盖在刚播种植物或移植植株之栽培介质或土壤 上。所述特定植物病虫害之拮抗微生物可以为水稻纹枯病拮抗菌或萝卜苗立枯病拮抗 菌等各种作物病虫害拮抗菌。 该抗病虫成份较佳为一种选自硫酸十二酯钠 (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS ) , 直链垸基苯磺酸钠 (LAS ), 皂质(saponin)农产废弃物以及 苦茶籽粕或烟草粉之甲醇萃取物的物质。 所述特定植物病虫害之拮抗微生物、 抗病虫 成份或杀菌药剂可通过一种粘合剂, 如天然淀粉胶或羧甲基纤维素钠盐 (carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) , 而涂覆在所述具有多重功能的纸材的表面。
此外, 还可借助涂布技术, 将磨成粉末的肥料涂布于该具有多重功能的纸材上, 在该具有多重功能的纸材上涂覆一层缓慢释放的有机质肥料或化学肥料, 供植物栽培 时的营养之需。 或者在该具有多重功能的纸材上打孔, 使该孔略微贯穿肥料涂层与纸 基层, 并将各类植物的种子播在该孔上以利种子发芽时易使根系向下发展。 可通过喷 洒或涂覆一粘性物质 (如喷雾式胶水、 淀粉或羧甲基纤维素钠盐(carboxymethyl cel lulose, CMC) ) , 再将一固定层粘附在所述具有多重功能的纸材上以固定种子。 所 述固定层具有适当的湿润强度与湿润下的顶破背压, 以助长作物种子之萌芽发育和根 系的向地健全发展。
为了保护种子的发芽,可根据植物特性和栽培法,利用藻沅苏打酸(alginic soda acid ) ,动物胶 (gelatine ) 或聚乙烯醇 (polyvinyl alcohol ) 结合一种子预措处理 药剂来处理种子。 该种子预措处理药剂是一种选自乙二醇 (ethylene glycol ) ,丙二 醇 (propylene glycol ) ,丁二醇 (butylene glycol ) , 聚乙二醇, 聚丙二醇, 聚丁 二醇,甘油和 2-辛基二醇的物质。 或者, 该种子可以为纸浆被覆种子、 高分子化合物 被覆种子或细胞组织栽培之人工种子。
根据本发明的另一构想, 所述具有多重功能的纸材可成卷或裁剪成造型来使用。 其可应用在大面积田间、 家庭园艺、 高尔夫球场等各种作物栽培领域, 或是应用于家 用的内覆有机土或有机介质的立体栽培箱或工业生产用具温控、光控装置的人工室内 栽培系统内。 此外, 该具有多重功能的纸材可依上述原料在有机农业的适用性来加以 选用调整, 应用在一般或有机农法之水田或旱田的农作物栽培。 附图简述
通过下列附图及详细说明, 可进一步了解本发明:
图 1是本发明的一个较佳实施例的结构示意图。
以上附图的主要构件如下:
1: 纸席或农业用纸 2 : SDS涂覆层
3: 带有天然淀粉胶的拮抗微生物或有机肥料之涂覆层
4: 内植入种子的孔穴 5 : 固定层 发明的详细描述
本发明公开了一种利用废浆制成并具有防草, 防病虫害, 防菌害, 肥料及种子之 多功能农用纸。 它是利用回收的废纸、 可自然分解性天然植物纤维或高分子聚合物纤 维等原料, 经过散浆、 粗净浆、 分纤、 粗筛选、 细净桨、 细筛选、 热分散、 漂白、 洗 浆、 磨桨等设备处理而得到干净纸桨后, 送到抄纸机上抄造。 废纸浆经过抄纸机上网 部及压搾部脱水, 烘缸干燥后卷成纸卷。 纸卷再经过复卷、 压花、 打孔穴、 播种、 贴 附固定层、 裁切、 卷取、 包装等加工设备而得多功能农用纸的成品。
为了适合农用覆盖纸的需要, 在废纸处理及抄纸过程中, 可将各种功能助剂添加 于纸浆中, 如苦茶粕粉、 碳酸钙、 干强剂、 湿强剂、 防草剂、 防病虫害剂、 防菌害剂 等等。 或者, 在抄纸机或机后的加工设备上喷洒、 涂布或含浸这些功能助剂于其上, 使本发明的农用覆盖纸得以发挥最大的效用或功能。
如果所述多功能农用纸用于一般农作物栽培方面,适用的湿强剂包括三聚氰胺甲 树月旨 (melamine formaldehyde resin) 、 聚胺环氧树月旨 (polymeric amine— epichlorohydrin resin)、 酚醛树脂(phenoic resin)、 乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺树脂 (glyoxalated polyacrylamide Resin)等各种阴离子或阳离子性之酸性或中性湿强 剂。 而可使用之干强剂有三聚氰胺甲醛树脂 (melamine formaldehyde resin)、 聚胺 环氧树月旨 (polymeric amine- epichlorohydrin resin)、 酸树月旨 (phenoic resin)、 乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺树脂(glyoxalated polyacrylamide resin)、 聚丙烯酰胺树脂 (polyacrylamide resin)、 生淀粉 (raw starch)或变性淀粉 (modified starch)等各 种阴离子或阳离子性的酸性或中性干强剂。
至于防草剂部分, 可使用炭黑(black carbon)、 二氧化硅(sil icon dioxide) , 二氧化钛(t itanium dioxide)等各种无机或有机填料。 而防病虫害剂的种类有直链烷 基苯磺酸盐 (Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate ) 及苦茶粕等。 另外, 可根据废纸分 类、 纤维筛分比率、 透气与吸水的要求斟量添加微量 CaC03, 即可充分发挥纸力并促 使纸中微生物繁殖之功能。 或者, 添加 1 % 天然苦茶粕粉, 以便提高纸席在田间的 抗福寿螺和制纸时的纤维分散性。
为了能够更深入了解本发明,特别公开了有关制造方法和数据来说明本发明的特 征及构想。 - 在制造方面,除了对废纸加以充份分类以外,在制造过程中将高浓度净浆与性能 优异且可依纸浆游离度 (CSF)变化而自动调整长短纤比例的制造设备结合使用, 充分 提升了纤维纸力的利用效率并改善纸张内部纤维结构, 从而不必借助化学药剂就可使 纸力增强到水田可利用的程度。 此外, 在制造中可采用 Wedgewire逐段筛选、 清洗, 这可在小孔径的筛孔下提高处理量, 将可能影响纸力、 不利制造作业、 有害人体健康 的细杂物去除, 并配合 5%高浓度磨浆系统以提高制造效率, 稳定基本品质。 在抄造制 程中, 为了应付无化学品添加而于纸机的抄制上采用低头箱浓度, 调整纵横比, 稳定 (安定)横向基重, 降低干燥温度, 装置特别烘缸与帆布之防污设备以使纵横向水份梯 度降低, 以确保纸力、 吸水性、 透气性等纸性的优越性以符合作物栽培的需求。
在品质方面, 为提高防草与稳定栽培用纸的功能, 可将纸的基重提高至 120克 / 平方公尺一 150克 /平方公尺或以上, 纸的厚度较佳为介于 0. 2毫米与 0. 3毫米之间。 为了使纸易于水田覆盖, 可将纸的吸水能力提高至 Cobb , IMin, 20 gsm 以上, 浸湿 2 小时后湿断裂强度纵 /横为 l. OKm以下。 为了让插秧机能顺利将秧苗插入纸和土壤中, 则可控制纸张浸湿 2小时后湿顶破力纵 /横为 =1. 0 (公斤 /平方公分)以下。配合旱作之 利用和作物栽培之需求, 可于纸上压花使透气度达到 50 Sec/100 CC以下, 以提高渗 水性和纸干湿下的尺寸稳定性。
此外, 本发明农业用纸之另一重要特征在于采用无化学物添加的中性制造方法, 维持纸的酸碱值为中性, 以便提高微生物与作物使用的活性。 为配合纸张表面拮抗微 生物菌孢的接种, 则将纸内的金属成份控制在表一所示的比例 (%)以下 (乃根据 Tappi Test Method T 438cm- 96)。
表一
Figure imgf000006_0001
(*ND 意指无法测得) 除了上述针对农业用纸之原料、 制程、 品质及性质改良之外, 本发明亦利用农业 用纸具有阳光阻绝的防草功能和易供微生物附著繁殖的天然多孔性载体, 可于其上涂 覆一特定植物抗病虫害之拮抗微生物、 天然抗病虫成份或杀菌药剂, 并覆盖在刚播种 植物或移植植株之栽培介质或土壤上。该特定植物抗病虫害之拮抗微生物的实例如水 稻纹枯病拮抗菌或萝卜苗立枯病拮抗菌。 而抗病虫成份可以为硫酸十二酯钠(sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS ) , 直链烷基苯磺酸钠 ( LAS ) , 皂质(saponin)农产废弃物或苦 茶籽粕或烟草粉之甲醇萃取物。 这些特定植物抗病虫害之拮抗微生物、 抗病虫成份或 杀菌药剂可通过粘合剂, 如天然淀粉胶或羧甲基纤维素钠盐(Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC), 而涂覆在该多重功能之农业用纸的表面上。
请参阅图 1, 它是本发明的一个较佳实施例的结构示意图。 在本发明之纸席或农 业用纸 1的一个表面上涂布或喷洒 SDS层 2, 在其相反表面上涂覆带有天然淀粉胶的 高浓度微生物制剂的孢子或一层缓慢释放之有机质肥料或化学肥料 3, 为了使耐低温 的微生物制剂或对抗大量福寿螺之 SDS能够顺利地施喷且存留在纸上, 可将抄纸离烘 缸的水份调降至 5%以下, 将带有天然淀粉胶的高浓度微生物制剂的孢子 (约 105/毫 升) 和 2000 ppm之 SDS 喷在约 70 0C的纸面上使微量水份蒸发并做水份回潮处理, 其后经过一道冷却辊辘, 将纸温降至 50 0C以下再将纸卷取, 存放或栽切复卷成成品。
另外, 更可在纸席或农业用纸 1上形成复数个孔 4, 使该孔略微贯穿肥料涂布与 纸基层, 并将各类植物的种子播在该孔上以利种子发芽时易使根系向下发展。 再通过 喷洒淀粉或 CMC等粘合剂, 于其上加覆盖一固定层 5 (如基重 35克 /平方公尺的五月 花厨房纸巾或是使用卫生纸) 以便使发芽的种子产生背压促进根系向下和植株的挺 立, 而形成一气呵成的四合一防草、抗病虫害、供应植物营养的播种栽培用纸。其中, 可依植物特性和栽培法利用藻沅苏打酸 (alginic soda acid ) ,动物胶(gelatine ) , 聚乙烯醇 (polyvinyl alcohol ) 结合一种子预措处理药剂来保护种子的发芽。 适用 的种子预措处理药剂有乙二醇 ( ethylene glycol ) ,丙二醇 (propylene glycol ) , 丁二醇 (butylene glycol ) , 聚乙二醇, 聚丙二醇, 聚丁二醇,甘油或 2-辛基二醇。 而该种子可以为纸浆被覆种子、 高分子化合物被覆种子或细胞组织栽培之人工种子。
综合上述之说明, 可清楚了解到本发明系利用农业用纸之无污染、 可自然分解、 阻光性质强的特性, 可当作农用拮抗微生物之载体而作为植物栽培的防草、 病虫害防 治、 播种、 育苗、 施肥、 节肥、 省工之功能性基材。 此农业用纸材可应用在一般或有 机农法之水田或旱田的农作物栽培, 如谷物类、 药草、 经济作物、 草皮或蔬菜、 花、 果类等。 在实际使用上, 本发明具有多重功能之农业用纸可成卷或裁剪成造型来使 用, 以应用在大面积田间、 家庭园艺、 高尔夫球场等各方面作物栽培领域, 或者可应 用于家用的内覆设有机土或有机介质的立体栽培箱或工业生产用具温控、光控装置的 人工室内栽培系统内。
在不偏离所附权利要求范围的情况下,本领域的普通技术人员可对本发明进行各 种修改或改进。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种制造具有多重功能之纸材的方法, 其步骤包括:
提供制纸所需的原料, 并经过一特殊处理以获得干净的纸浆; 以及
添加至少一种功能助剂于所述干净纸浆之中,再加工制成所述具有多重功能之纸 材。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于所述原料是一种选自废纸箱的纤维原 料, 可自然分解性天然植物纤维和高分子聚合物纤维的材料。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于所述特殊处理包括分级、 散浆、 粗净 浆、 分纤、 粗筛选、 细净浆、 细筛选、 热分散、 漂白、 洗浆和磨浆。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于所述功能助剂是一种选自苦茶粕粉、 碳酸钙、 防病虫害剂、 防菌害剂、 防草剂、 干强剂及湿强剂的物质。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于所述苦茶粕粉的使用量为 1%, 用以防 止福寿螺并提升制纸时的纤维分散性。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于所述碳酸钙的使用量依该纸材之纤维 筛分比率、 透气及吸水之需求而定, 以充分发挥纸力并促使纸中微生物的繁殖。
7. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于所述防草剂系为炭黑、 二氧化硅或二 氧化钛等各种无机或有机填料。
8. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于所述干强剂系为三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、 聚胺环氧树脂、 酚醛树脂、 乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺树脂、 聚丙烯酰胺树脂、 生淀粉或变 性淀粉等各种阴离子或阳离子性之酸性或中性干强剂。
9. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于所述湿强剂包括三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、 聚胺环氧树脂、酚醛树脂或乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺树脂等各种阴离子或阳离子性之酸性 或中性湿强剂。
10. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材的酸碱值维 持于中性或约为 6左右。
11. 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材的基重为 120克 /平方公尺至 150克 /平方公尺或以上。
12. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材的厚度介于 0. 2毫米至 0. 3毫米之间。
13. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材的吸水能力 为 Cobb , IMin, 20 gsm 以上, 浸湿 2小时后湿断裂强度纵 /横为 1. OKm以下。
14. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材浸湿 2小时 后湿顶破力纵 /横为 1. 0 (公斤 /平方公分)以下。
15. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材的透气度为 50 Sec/100 CC以下 。
16. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材具有阳光阻 绝的防草功能和易供微生物附著繁殖的天然多孔性载体, 可于其上涂覆一特定植物抗 病虫害之拮抗微生物、 天然抗病虫成份或杀菌药剂, 并覆盖在刚播种植物或移植植株 之栽培介质或土壤上。
17. 如权利要求 16所述的方法, 其特征在于所述特定植物病虫害之拮抗微生物 为水稻纹枯病拮抗菌或萝卜苗立枯病拮抗菌; 该抗病虫成份为一种选自硫酸十二酯 钠, 直链垸基苯磺酸钠, 皂质农产废弃物以及苦茶籽粕或烟草粉之甲醇萃取物的物 质; 所述特定植物病虫害之拮抗微生物、 抗病虫成份或杀菌药剂可通过粘合剂而涂覆 在该具有多重功能之纸材的表面, 所述粘合剂为天然淀粉胶或羧甲基纤维素钠盐。
18. 如权利要求 16所述的方法, 其特征在于还可通过涂布技术, 将磨成粉末的 肥料涂布于该具有多重功能之纸材上, 使所述具有多重功能之纸材上被覆一层缓慢释 放之有机质肥料或化学肥料, 供植物栽培时的营养之需, 并可藉助打孔, 使该孔略微 贯穿肥料涂布与纸基层, 并将各类植物的种子播在该孔上以利种子发芽时易使根系向 下发展。
19. 如权利要求 18所述的方法, 其特征在于可通过喷洒或涂覆一粘性物质, 再 将一固定层粘覆在该具有多重功能之纸材上以固定种子, 其中所述固定层具有一定程 度的耐湿强度与湿润下的耐顶破背压, 以助长作物种子之萌芽发育和根系的向地健全 发展, 而该粘性物质为喷雾式胶水、 淀粉或羧甲基纤维素钠盐; 可依植物特性和栽培 法利用藻沅苏打酸,动物胶或聚乙烯醇结合一种子预措处理药剂来保护种子的发芽, 而所述种子预措处理药剂是一种选自乙二醇,丙二醇,丁二醇, 聚乙二醇, 聚丙二醇, 聚丁二醇,甘油和 2-辛基二醇的物质; 该种子为纸浆被覆种子、 高分子化合物被覆种 子或细胞组织栽培之人工种子或为谷物类、 药草、 经济作物、 草皮或蔬菜、 花、 果类 之种子。
20. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材可成卷或裁 剪成造型来使用。
21. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材可应用在大 面积田间、 家庭园艺、 高尔夫球场等各方面作物栽培领域。
22. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材可应用于家 用的内覆设有机土或有机介质的立体栽培箱或工业生产用具温控、光控装置的人工室 内栽培系统内。
23. 如权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材可应用在一 般或有机农法之水田或旱田的农作物栽培。
24. 一种具有多重功能之纸材,其特征在于其内含至少一种功能助剂和具有约为 中性之酸碱值。
25. 如权利要求 24所述的纸材,其特征在于所述功能助剂为一种选自苦茶粕粉、 碳酸钙、 防病虫害剂、 防菌害剂、 防草剂、 干强剂及湿强剂的物质。
26. 如权利要求 24所述的纸材, 其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材的基重为 120克 /平方公尺至 150克 /平方公尺或以上;所述具有多重功能之纸材的厚度介于 0. 2 毫米至 0. 3毫米之间, 而其吸水能力为 Cobb, IMin, 20 gsm以上, 浸湿 2小时后湿断 裂强度纵 /横为 l. O m以下, 且其透气度为 11 Sec/100 CC以下。
27. 如权利要求 24所述的纸材, 其特征在于所述具有多重功能之纸材具有阳光 阻绝的防草功能和易供微生物附著繁殖的天然多孔性载体, 可于其上涂覆一特定植物 病虫害之拮抗微生物、 抗病虫成份或杀菌药剂, 并覆盖在刚播种植物或移植植株之栽 培介质或土壤上。
28. 如权利要求 24所述的纸材, 其可以成卷或裁剪成造型来使用, 而可应用在 大面积田间、 家庭园艺、 高尔夫球场等各方面作物栽培领域, 或应用于家用的内覆设 有机土或有机介质的立体栽培箱或工业生产用具温控、光控装置的人工室内栽培系统 内或应用在一般或有机农法之水田或旱田的农作物栽培。
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CN103788419A (zh) * 2013-12-13 2014-05-14 谢杨忠 一种纸板流水线专用淀粉胶的制作工艺及其专用淀粉的配方
CN103788419B (zh) * 2013-12-13 2016-05-25 湖南省桓荣包装科技有限公司 一种纸板流水线专用淀粉胶的制作工艺及其专用淀粉的配方
CN104631197A (zh) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-20 浙江省普瑞科技有限公司 一种农业用精播纸及其制备方法
CN105672043A (zh) * 2016-02-25 2016-06-15 杭州特种纸业有限公司 种子发芽纸及其制备方法
CN110424188A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-08 浙江鹏辰造纸研究所有限公司 一种农业用大种子袋纸及其制备方法
CN111749041A (zh) * 2020-07-16 2020-10-09 东北农业大学 一种二次纤维基防虫型烟用全降解地膜及其制造方法
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CN112898837A (zh) * 2021-01-11 2021-06-04 中科鼎实环境工程有限公司 一种污染场地异味控制剂及其制备方法
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