WO2001072489A2 - Decoration d'objets - Google Patents

Decoration d'objets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001072489A2
WO2001072489A2 PCT/IB2001/000505 IB0100505W WO0172489A2 WO 2001072489 A2 WO2001072489 A2 WO 2001072489A2 IB 0100505 W IB0100505 W IB 0100505W WO 0172489 A2 WO0172489 A2 WO 0172489A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
decorating
transferring
belt
powders
flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2001/000505
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2001072489A3 (fr
Inventor
Carlo Antonio Camorani
Original Assignee
Algeri, Maris
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000064 external-priority patent/IT1315630B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000063 external-priority patent/IT1315629B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000080 external-priority patent/IT1314623B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000082 external-priority patent/IT1316066B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000081 external-priority patent/IT1314624B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000092 external-priority patent/IT1316071B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000117 external-priority patent/IT1316900B1/it
Priority claimed from IT2000MO000258 external-priority patent/IT1316956B1/it
Priority to EP01915606A priority Critical patent/EP1268148A2/fr
Priority to US10/275,036 priority patent/US20040101619A1/en
Priority to AU2001242687A priority patent/AU2001242687A1/en
Application filed by Algeri, Maris filed Critical Algeri, Maris
Publication of WO2001072489A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001072489A2/fr
Publication of WO2001072489A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001072489A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • B05B7/149—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material with separate inlets for a particulate material and a liquid to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1495—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material with separate inlets for a particulate material and a liquid to be sprayed and with separate outlets for the particulate material and the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C19/00—Apparatus specially adapted for applying particulate materials to surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/007—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials using an electrostatic field
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B05D1/286—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers using a temporary backing to which the coating has been applied
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/30—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by gravity only, i.e. flow coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/046—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/047—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by pooring, e.g. curtain coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/048—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by spraying or projecting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/027—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a removable belt or conveyor transferring the moulding material to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/04—Producing precipitations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for applying powdered or granulated material on a surface, in particular for carrying out decorations on ' ceramic tiles, according to a pattern directly controlled by a computer, possibly with decorating material arranged on a consistent thickness.
  • the invention relates also to methods and relative apparatus for decorating in a pressing step ceramic tiles made of powdered or granulated material.
  • Ink-jet printing systems are known constituted by aligned groups of small ejecting nozzles which project small ink drops on the surface to be printed.
  • ink-jet heads are known, based on different principles such as: electromechanical, with piezoelectric vibration, thermal systems where the ink is injected through the expansion due to bubbles formation, and more again.
  • electromechanical with piezoelectric vibration
  • thermal systems where the ink is injected through the expansion due to bubbles formation, and more again.
  • the use of such systems is greatly limited since they can work only with inks in a liquid state or in a state of very thin and fluid suspension, as the use of solid materials in suspension produces significant problems of wear, settling and occlusion.
  • Italian Patent 1.294.915 an apparatus is disclosed for distributing measured amounts of materials in granular and/or powdery form.
  • Said apparatus comprises a hopper at the bottom of which a plurality of openings are aligned, said openings being normally closed each by a relative elastic foil.
  • Each foil is singularly controlled electromagnetically by a computer which enables the openings to be opened and causes the powder contained in the hopper to flow by gravity.
  • Such method allows: the decorating materials to be kept separated inside a single cell, their lateral displacement to be- avoided, a remixing to be possibly obtained without interfering with powders of the adjacent cells.
  • decorating porcelain plates is provided, by using a die consisting of a lower punch and an upper punch, a layer of decorating material being applied on the upper half-die, by damp pad printing, before closing the die, said decorating material being transferred to the plate surface during pressing.
  • said upper half-die is constituted by various radially equally spaced units arranged about a vertical axis of rotation. Said half-dies are rotatingly indexed about the rotation axis, so as to successively reach the pressing station and the transferring station, for respectively pressing and transferring the decorating materials. If the technique of damp decorating is used on a smooth surface like the half-die, a significant image definition may be advantageously obtained, said definition being comparable with the definition obtained on an already pressed product, with the further advantage that the decorating material is more integrated in the body and further operations on the pressed body may be avoided.
  • a first object of the invention is to solve the prior art problems, i.e. to be able to lay on a surface decorating material in form of powder or also thick suspension, according to a good definition drawing directly controlled by computer, without problems of occlusion and/or wear, without using pre-built printing matrices and therefore with the possibility of real time modifying the decoration pattern, without contacting the surface to be decorated and with a good fixing of the decorating materials on said surface, various powder applications being subsequently arranged on said surface even in reduced times and spaces.
  • a second object of the invention is to allow powders to be arranged according to a drawing having good definition and resolution, and with a relatively high thickness, and, in advantageous embodiments, with the possibility of mutually mixing layers of various powders and of real time controlling said drawing by computer means.
  • a third object of the invention is to improve the known systems for decorating tiles during pressing, i.e. to be able to produce ceramic tiles starting from powdered material, said tiles having high definition decorations directly obtained during pressing, with a simple system, high-productivity and even for largest tile sizes and with the possibility of using also the pressing systems already widely used.
  • a fourth object of the invention is to improve the known systems for decorating tiles during pressing, i.e. to be able to produce ceramic tiles starting from powdered material, said tiles having high definition decorations on the upper face directly obtained during pressing, with simple systems, high productivity and even for the largest tile sizes, with the possibility of also using silk-screen decorating machines with direct printing.
  • a device for applying powdered material on a surface, characterised in that, it comprises ejecting means for ejecting liquid and conveying means suitable for associating portions of said powders to said ejected liquid.
  • a third aspect of the invention comprises a method for three-dimensionally arranging decorating materials in a body having a decorated surface, characterised in that, it provides the following steps:
  • a device for three- dimensionally arranging decorating materials in a body, according to a pre- established pattern, characterised in that, it comprises:
  • a fifth aspect of the invention comprises a method for applying powdered material on a surface according to a pre-established pattern, characterised in that, the following steps are provided:
  • said deflecting is directly controlled by computer means.
  • a device suitable for applying powdered material on a surface according to a pre-established pattern, characterised in that, it comprises: - feeding means suitable for forming a flow of said powder;
  • deflecting means suitable for selectively deflecting said flow and causing said flow to be applied on said surface or not to be applied on said surface.
  • said deflecting means is directly controlled by computer means.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention comprises a method for decorating tiles, particularly ceramic tiles, characterised in that, the following steps are provided: - applying through applying means a first material on selected regions of the surface of the tile, the extension of said selected regions being controlled by computer means;
  • a device for decorating tiles, in particular ceramic tiles, characterised in that, it comprises:
  • a ninth aspect of the invention comprises a method for applying loose material on a surface, characterised in that, the following steps are provided:
  • a device for applying loose material on a surface, characterised in that, it comprises:
  • a transferring means movable from a treatment station to an applying station and vice versa; - further means suitable for associating a first material with selected regions of said transferring means, in said treatment station;
  • a method for applying material, in the form of powders and/or grains, on a surface characterised in that, it comprises the following steps:
  • a method for applying material on a surface characterised in that, it comprises the following steps:
  • a device for applying a material, in form of powders and/or grains, to a surface, characterised in that, it comprises:
  • a device for applying material on a surface, characterised in that, it comprises: - a transferring means which said material to be applied is associated with; - a plurality of elements suitable for selectively operating on said material so as to transfer said material from said transferring means to said surface, said elements being controlled by computer means point by point.
  • an apparatus for producing ceramic tiles comprising two half-dies, said half-dies being moved one away from the other during the powders feeding step and being moved one close to the other during said pressing, said tiles being decorated during the pressing step with decorating materials arranged by decorating means on the surface of at least one of said half-dies, characterised in that said half-dies are always vertically aligned and said decorating means is movable from an external position not interfering with said two half-dies to an internal position placed between said two half-dies.
  • a method for pressing and simultaneously decorating ceramic tiles in a die comprising two half-dies suitable for being moved one closed to the other, comprising the step of pre-arranging decorating materials on at least one of the surfaces of said half-dies by using decorating means, characterised in that, it is provided introducing said decorating means into the space between said two half-dies and it is provided extracting said decorating means before said two half-dies are moved one towards the other.
  • an apparatus for producing objects, particularly ceramic tiles, said objects being obtained by pressing powders and being provided with a surface decorated during pressing comprising:
  • a method for producing objects, in particular ceramic tiles, said objects being obtained by pressing powders and being provided with a surface decorated during pressing comprising the following steps: - arranging decorating materials on the external surface of a roller rotatable about a horizontal axis;
  • a decorating method characterised in that it provides:
  • a decorating device characterised in that, it comprises:
  • Figure 1 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the first and second aspect of the invention, in a first version.
  • Figure 2 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the first and second aspect of the invention, in a different version showing a different system for conveying the powders towards the liquid drops.
  • Figure 3 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the first and second aspect of the invention, in a third different version showing a further system in order for conveying the powders towards the liquid drops.
  • Figure 4 is a lateral, sketched and enlarged view of a detail of the device of
  • Figure 5 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the first and second aspect of the invention, in a fourth different version showing a further system for conveying the powders towards the liquid drops.
  • Figure 6 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the first and second aspect of the invention, in a fifth different version showing a further system for conveying the powders towards the liquid drops.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the method according to -the third aspect of the invention in a stepwise working version.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the method according to the third aspect of the invention in a continuously working version.
  • Figure 9 is a lateral sketched view showing the method according to the third aspect of the invention in a further continuously working version.
  • Figure 10 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the fourth aspect of the invention in a first version.
  • Figure 11 is a plan view of the device of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a strongly enlarged view of the detail in box T of Figure 10.
  • Figure 13 is a strongly enlarged view of the detail in box B of Figure 10.
  • Figure 14 is a strongly enlarged view of the detail in box B of Figure 10 in a different working method.
  • Figure 15 is a strongly enlarged view of the detail in box C of Figure 10.
  • Figure 1 is a strongly enlarged view of the detail in box D of Figure 10.
  • Figure 17 is a sketched and partial view of the device according to the fourth aspect of the invention in a second version.
  • Figure 18 is a sketched and partial view of the device according to the fourth aspect of the invention in a third version.
  • Figure 19 is a sketched and partial view of the device according to the fourth aspect of the invention in a fourth version.
  • Figure 20 is a sketched and partial view of the device according to the fourth aspect of the invention in a fifth version.
  • Figure 21 is a strongly enlarged view of the detail in box E of Figure 20.
  • Figure 22 is a lateral sketched view of a detail of Figure 10 showing the device working according to the method of Figure 9.
  • Figure 23 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the sixth aspect of the invention in a first version.
  • Figure 24 is a perspective view of the device of Figure 23.
  • Figure 25 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the sixth aspect of the invention in a second version.
  • Figure 26 is a perspective broken view of a detail of Figure 25.
  • Figure 27 is a lateral sketched view of an enlarged detail of Figure 25.
  • Figure 28 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the sixth aspect of the invention in a third version.
  • Figure 29 is a lateraLsketched view of the device according to the sixth aspect of the invention in a fourth version.
  • Figure 30 is a perspective broken view of a detail of Figure 29.
  • Figure 31 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the eighth aspect of the invention wherein decorating powdered materials are used.
  • Figure 32 is a view like Figure 31 with a different distributing system for distributing the decorating powders.
  • Figure 33 is a view like Figure 31 wherein decorating materials in a liquid suspension state are employed.
  • Figure 34 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the tenth aspect of the invention, in a version with roller transferring means.
  • Figure 35 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the tenth aspect of the invention, in a version with belt transferring means.
  • Figure 36 is a lateral sketched view like Figure 35 in a version with different path of the belt transferring means and with liquid suspension decorating powder.
  • Figure 37 is a lateral sketched view of the device according to the tenth aspect of the invention, in a version with permeable transferring belt.
  • Figure 38 is a detail of the device of Figure 37, with permeable transferring belt, in a different embodiment.
  • Figure 39 is a lateral sketched view of a device for the decoration according to the thirteenth and fourteenth aspect of the invention for using granular or powdered decorating materials;
  • Figure 40 is a perspective broken view of a detail of Figure 39;
  • Figure 41 is a lateral sketched view of a detail of Figure 39 highlighting the working
  • Figure 42 is a lateral sketched view of a device for decoration according to the t rteenth and fourteenth aspect of the invention in a different version with belt transferring means;
  • Figure 43 is a perspective broken view of a detail of Figure 42;
  • Figure 44 and Figure 45 are sections of a detail of Figure 42 highlighting two embodiments
  • Figure 46 is a view like Figures 44 and 45, in a further variance.
  • Figure 47 is a lateral sketched view of the equipment according to the fifteenth aspect of the invention, at the end of the pressing step.
  • Figure 48 is a partial view like- Figure-47, during the die filling step.
  • Figure 49 is a lateral sketched view of the equipment according to the seventeenth aspect of the invention, with a continuous step-by-step pressing system;
  • Figure 50 is a view like Figure 49, with a rolling rollers continuous pressing system;
  • Figure 51 is a lateral sketched view of a version of an equipment according to the seventeenth aspect of the invention using a "mirror" pressing die;
  • Figures 52, 53 and 54 are lateral sketched views of a version of an equipment according to the seventeenth aspect of the invention using a "mirror" pressing die with double lateral frame, in different working steps.
  • Figure 55 is a lateral sketched view of the equipment according to the seventeenth aspect of the invention, with a pressing system similar to Figure
  • the powdered material 1 falls freely due to force of gravity in the form of a thin layer 2 extending in a transversal plane with respect to the advancing direction A of the surface 3.
  • said layer 2 flowing from not shown, known means, meets a deviation wall 4 which turns the layer 2 towards the upper branch 5 of an endless conveyor belt arranged near the surface 3 and provided with a transversal motion with respect to the direction A.
  • the lower branch 6 of said belt is shown.
  • An ejecting head 7 is arranged parallel to the layer 2, said ejecting head 7 consisting of a dense array of nozzles extending along the whole extension of the layer 2.
  • the drops 8 have a significantly higher speed than the falling speed of the powder 1, and also their mass is significantly heavier than the mass of single particles of powder 1. Said drops are therefore able to pass through the layer 2 incorporating many particles of powder 1, the direction of said drops being only slightly changed.
  • the powder 1, not embedded into the drops 8 keeps falling towards the deviation wall 4 and the belt 5 so as to be re-circulated.
  • electrostatic means can be advantageously used, as shown in Figure 1: the drops 8 are ejected out from the head 7 with a positive electrostatic charge, which persists even after the powder 1 have been embedded into the drops 8, so that, with the aid of electrodes 11, 12 the drops 8, 9 can be accelerated and deflected beyond the deviation wall 4.
  • FIG 2 a different method for conveying the powders 1 towards the drops 8 is shown: in this case the powders 1 are suspended into an air stream and conveyed by means of a conduit 13 provided with an opening shaped as a slot flowing near a corresponding suction opening 14.
  • the air stream carrying the suspended powder 1 flows in a horizontal direction, whereas the drops 8 are projected in a vertical direction (or oblique direction).
  • separating the loaded drops 9 from the flow of powders 1 can be made easier by electrostatic means 15.
  • the powders 1 are conveyed towards the head 7 through belt means 16 to which the powders 1 adhere due to an electrostatic effect produced by suitable means 17.
  • the particles of powder 1 are forced to temporarily detach from the belt 16 through suitable blowing means 18; the particles so detached can therefore be embedded into the drops 8 or can come back on the surface of the belt 16 due to the electrostatic effect and repeat the cycle.
  • the blowing means 18 can be substituted by other convenient systems, for example vibrating means (having a sonic or ultrasonic vibration frequency) or mechanical moving means; the blowing means 18 can be also omitted, in this case the drops have to move along a path tangent to the layer of powders 1.
  • said belt 16 may be substituted by a roller.
  • the powders 1, having positive electrostatic charge are conveyed through a belt 19 near the head 7, in a region where, at-short distance, the end portion of a second belt 20 is present, said second belt 20 being provided with surface having negative electrostatic charge, which therefore attracts the powders 1.
  • the powders 1 are. conveyed through a belt 19 and are recovered by a suction opening 14.
  • the drops 8 may have widely different dimensions and/or projection speed, depending on the desired definition or other needs.
  • the drops 8 may even have a diameter smaller than 0,04 mm and the linear density of ejecting nozzles arranged in array may even be greater than 10 nozzles per millimetre.
  • the head 7 will be built according to the known principles of the ink-jet technology and will work with distilled water, other liquids or appropriate liquid solutions, for example containing surface active agents suitable for reducing the surface tension so as to help powders incorporation.
  • the liquid constituting the drops 8 may be kept at high temperature so as to make its evaporation easier after impacting on the surface 3, or to cause its solidification by cooling.
  • the evaporation or solidification of liquid constituting the drops 8 is particularly useful when the surface 3 has to be subsequently pressed, since said evaporation or solidification makes easier keeping the pressing die surface cleaned. If a significant amount of powders 1 has to be applied, the drops may even have a diameter greater than one millimetre, for example choosing ink-jet heads electromechanically controlled. In all the described examples the powder 1 can be easily embedded into the drops 8 if the drops are provided with electrostatic charge opposite to the charge of the powder 1.
  • the ejection speed of the drops may range from a few decimetres per second up to even ten metres per second or more, according to the working distance of the head 7 from the powders 1 and the surface 3.
  • the dimensions of particles of powders 1 will be properly proportional to the dimensions of drops 8 and said powders 1 will be advantageously made of agglomerates of pseudo-spherical shape obtained by atomisation, and belonging to a quite uniform particle size range.
  • the drops 9 and the powders 1 embedded thereinto are applied to the surface 3 together with the exceeding powders 1 not embedded into the drops 9 and said exceeding powders 1 are subsequently removed from the surface 3 for example by suction.
  • An advantage of said version is that particles of powders 1 having dimensions even significantly greater than the dimensions of drops 8 may be used, since the two portions of powders 1 do not need to be separated during the approaching path towards the surface 3.
  • the adhesion of the "loaded" drops 9 to the surface 3 is assured even if this surface is porous and has a certain absorbing power; this is advantageous if compared to the case in which drops 8 of liquid alone are initially applied on the surface 3, said drops 8 having an adhesive function for the powders 1 subsequently applied, since if the surface 3 is absorbent, when the powders 1 are applied, the drops 8 have already been absorbed by the surface 3 and therefore they can not perform their adhesive function.
  • the liquid ejected by the head 7 may also consist, if necessary, of a continuous flow not subdivided into drops 8, unlike all the examples shown.
  • the surface 3 may be the surface to be decorated but in case it may also be the surface of a means used for transferring a decoration on another surface. Furthermore, the surface 3 may be the free surface of other incoherent powder, may be oriented in any direction and eventually may be stationary, in this case the device being movable.
  • the method according to the third aspect of the invention comprises successively preparing portions of layers 101a made of powders having different colours 103, 104, arranged adjacent one to the other (as in the drawing) or superimposed and arranging said portions of layers 101a overlapped along a direction parallel to the surface M on which the decoration in the body 104a has to be visible.
  • the decoration appearing on said surface M is therefore the consecutive view of straight sections of each single layer 101a and said decoration will appear always identical along the whole height N.
  • the device comprises a conveyor belt 101 wound in a closed loop on rollers 102, on the upper branch of said belt 101 a plurality of stations F, G, H, I being arranged for applying decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106.
  • the belt is arranged for continuously moving at a relatively high speed and, at a downstream end portion thereof, said belt co-operates with the curved lower surface of a deflector 108 suitable for deflecting the particles of decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106 downwards in a substantially vertical direction.
  • the end portion of said deflector 108 is arranged close to the inlet of a space
  • the layers of decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106 are arranged on the belt 101 in very thin stratifications (as Figures 12, 13 and 14 show) and according to a highly stretched pattern in width along the direction of said belt 101, as shown in Figure 11.
  • Figures 12, 13 and 14 show the different decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106 may even be contained in a single layer. Due to the high speed of the belt 101, the decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106 are projected on the deflector 108 and from there conveyed into the space 109 in the region nearest to the surface of the cylinder 110.
  • the layer forming inside the space 109 flows at a speed VI and, as a consequence of the different length of linear path, it tends to incline, at its free surface 115 upwards, with an inclination corresponding to the inclination of the powder sliding angle. Therefore, if the thin layers of decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106 are caused to slide on this inclined free surface 115, said layers are continuously distributed on the whole thickness L of the space 109. Even though the decorating powders are substantially uniformly distributed on the thickness L, the definition level along the direction VI will substantially depend on the thickness of said decorating layers 103, 104, 105, 106 on the belt 101, i.e. the definition level along the direction VI will be as higher as thinner said decorating layers are on the belt 101. Therefore, if the ratio between the speeds V2 and VI is high, an increase in definition, substantially proportional to said ratio, will be obtained.
  • remixing level between the different colours will be proportionally increased according to said ratio, thus obtaining the possibility to have an unlimited range of colours by properly changing the proportions of the different colours.
  • the cylindrical wall 111 has to allow the powders 103, 104, 105, 106 to easily slide thereon and it is therefore coated with a suitable material having a low coefficient of friction, or it may consist of a moving belt having speed VI.
  • the deflector 108 is alternatively movable in a direction S so that the stratification 101b folds in a zigzag superimposed configuration R.
  • the so obtained stratification can be sent to a pressing die, taking care of avoiding powder decompositions; for this purpose the solutions shown for example in IT 1.292.654 or in the Italian patent application MO98A000197 can be adopted.
  • said stratification may be advantageously pressed or pre-compacted directly on said belt 112 in an intermittent or continuous way according to the solutions shown for example in WO
  • the decorating layer may be laid over a base layer 114 as in the shown example and as in examples of Figures 17 and 18, or it may be laid below a base layer as in Figure 19, or it may constitute the whole thickness as in
  • the device version of Figure 17 is different from that of Figure 10 in that the cylinder 110 is not present and the belt 112 is actuated in the opposite direction with respect the belt 101.
  • Figure 18 shows a device used for directly feeding a stationary die 116 in a cavity thereof the base layer 114 is already laid.
  • the roller 102 scanning moves back at a speed VI significantly lower than the advancing speed V2 of the belt 101.
  • the device remains stationary for allowing pressing, then it is advanced towards the opposite end of the die when said die has been emptied and another filling cycle is repeated.
  • Such device may also be used for filling a movable die; in this case the roller 102 will remain stationary while the underlying die 116 will move at a speed
  • a device is shown without the deflector 108 and having a belt 117 whose lower branch abuts on said powders and moves synchronously with the belt 112. Said belt 117 has the function of keeping the powders in place.
  • the device shown in Figures 20 and 21 comprises a cylinder 118 the surface thereof is provided with a plurality of partitioning walls 119, forming spaces 119a, densely arranged in radial rows parallel to the rotation axis.
  • Said partitioning walls 119 have the function of keeping the various layers of decorating powders divided and of arranging them on the belt 112 with the proper orientation.
  • the invention allows the drawing definition to be improved, even though there is a high decoration thickness, and that the drawing definition is improved not only in the belt movement direction, but also in all the other directions, as it will be explained below.
  • a complete layer of decorating powders having a thickness of 3 mm needs to be laid with mutual remixing and according to the technique known as described in the patent application for industrial invention RE96A000004: said layer will be laid on a belt, for example according to a square pattern with a side of 10 mm; obviously, since the powders are unbound, they will extend on an inclined plane depending on the sliding angle. If the sliding angle is supposed to be a 45° angle, the powders will extend for about 3 mm all around the square.
  • a liquid solution could be used as a dye and this would have the advantage that, if compared to the known technology using such colouring solution, the dye would be more distributed in depth and less laterally expanded; furthermore, such colouring solutions could be applied through a computer controlled ink-jet technique, with sure further advantages.
  • the distributing means for distributing decorating powders 103, 104, 105, 106 can be of any known type, such as, for example: fixed screen means reciprocatingly working, rotating screen means, means with roller or belt distributor, vacuum co-operating screen means as described in the Italian application MO98A000196 etc.
  • the invention power is enhanced if combined with the possibility of applying said decorating powders according to patterns real time controlled by computer means.
  • the device 250 consists of a feeder 201 comprising a hopper 202 containing the powder 1 and an underlying rotating roller 204.
  • the rotation of roller 204 creates a flow of powder 1 having the shape of a thin layer 205 free falling due to the force of gravity.
  • the thin layer 205 passes through an electrostatic charging station 206 consisting of a flow of negative ions Bl emitted by a thin wire 208 kept at high negative tension.
  • the thin layer 205 passes through a pair of plates 209 negatively charged like the powder 1; therefore said thin layer, due to repulsion, will tend to align in a central region equally spaced from plates 209.
  • the so aligned thin layer 205 keeps falling until it arrives to a station 210 for selective electrostatic charging comprising a source of positive ions 211; before reaching the powder 1, said positive ions 211 pass through a photosensitive screen 212.
  • Said screen 212 consists of a thin grid, having the shape of a rotating drum which influences the passage of said flow of ions 211 depending on how the screen surface was sensitised by the laser beam 213.
  • Said laser beam 213 is modulated and reflected by the prismatic rotating mirror 216 and scans the whole extension of the screen 212 so as to form thereon the desired pattern.
  • a lamp 214 for removing residual charges and an element 215 for recharging the screen surface are furthermore arranged around the screen 212.
  • the device for selective electrostatic charging of station 210 here described is known in the field of ionographic printers and is described more in detail, for example, in the patents US 4.600.292 and US 4.804.980.
  • a portion of the powder 1 is still negatively charged whereas the other sensitised portion has a neutral charge (of positive, or having a low negative value, depending on the intensity of the source 211) and therefore, when subsequently passing through the electric field 216, generated by a pair of plates 217, the powder is subjected to a selective deflection according to its the charge: a portion of powder 1 captured by a deflector 218 is unloaded on a belt 219 whilst the other portion flows on the moving surface 3.
  • the belt 219 is provided with transversal movement with respect to the movement of the surface 3 and conveys the powder 1 towards other means, not shown, suitable for recycling the powder inside the hopper 202.
  • the powders 1 converging on the surface 202 are accompanied on a canalising means 221 for reducing their impact speed and giving them a motion concordant with the motion of surface 3.
  • the station of electrostatic charging 206, the alignment station 207 and the lamp 214 are not shown.
  • the powders 1 are initially electrostatically charged with positive charge in a station 225 through an ionic source 226.
  • the particles of powders 1 are caused to align by passing through two plates 228 positively charged which, for repulsion-, convey the particles 1 in a central region equally spaced from said plates 228.
  • the selective deflection of the thin layer 205 of powders 1 is subsequently obtained by properly modulating the electric field 229; such modulation is achieved with the use of a plate 230 subdivided in a plurality of electrodes 231 which are singularly controlled by computer means PI through a converter Cl converting the digital signal into an analog signal.
  • said electrodes 231 are also arranged in a plurality of levels so that, for example, the deflection impulse acting on a single grain of powder 1 is carried out at each level during its falling path without affecting the deflection of other grains placed upstream or downstream. This allows a quite large deflecting electric field to be used even if a good drawing definition is kept.
  • the electrodes 231 may be successively controlled starting from a null potential up to a positive potential and vice versa, or starting from negative potential up to positive potential and vice versa; in this second case the deflection gap is increased since the particles of powder 1 which have to converge on the surface 3 will be deflected towards a direction while the other particles 1 will be deflected in an opposite direction.
  • the powders 3 are first electrostatically uniformly charged in a station 225 through a source of ions 226.
  • the selective deflection is here obtained by tangentially approaching the thin layer 205 to a roller 233 having a surface electrostatically charged in pre- established regions.
  • Said roller 233 has a photoconductive surface which is charged by the ionic source 234, then the regions exposed to the laser beam 213 become conductive and are discharged on an underlying layer of the roller 233.
  • a surface having charged regions is therefore approached to the thin layer 205, said charged regions slightly deflecting the path of the thin layer 205 due to attraction (or repulsion, according to the polarity of the electric charge).
  • rollers 233 opposed to the thin layer 205, may be used, said rollers being electrostatically charged with charges of opposite sign distributed according to a mirror pattern in synchronised movement, for concurrently acting on powders 1; a plurality of rollers 233 arranged in cascade may also-be provided.
  • Said rollers 233 may have a photoconductive surface directly sensitised by the laser beam 213 as in the example shown, but also may also be not photosensitive and be indirectly charged by another photosensitive roller through a ionographic technique, as described for example in the already mentioned patent US 4.804.980.
  • the powders 1 will consist of grains of quite uniform size, for avoiding a different behaviour as regards the deflection angle and the falling speed due to different grain size. The best results are achieved with a powder having a thin but loose grain size, such as for example pseudo-spherical grains with a diameter ranging from 0,12 to 0,15 mm. With reference to Figures 29 and 30 the thin layer 205 of powders 1 is caused to slide on the surface 240 of a plate.
  • Said surface 240 ends in its lower portion with a plurality of elements 242 capable of vibrating, if activated.
  • Such elements 242 consist of a set of bodies made of piezoelectric material 243 welded between a base electrode 244 and a set of upper electrodes 245.
  • Said electrodes 244, 245 are connected to control means controlled by computer PI and therefore each element 242 may independently vibrate along a direction Al perpendicular to the surface 240.
  • a grain of powder 1 lying on a not vibrating element 242 will not be subjected to any displacement and will follow the most internal path 246 until said grain is captured by the conveyor 218 and conveyed on the belt 219; on the other hand, a grain of powder 1 lying on a vibrating element 242 will follow a more external path 247 and will be conveyed on the surface 3, since it receives a slight push.
  • Position and inclination of plate 241 will be properly adjustable for adjusting working conditions according to different powders and different requirements.
  • the elements 242 may have a width and a length even quite small for achieving a greater definition in feasible drawings; however, this does not compromise the flowing freedom of powder 1 which does notiiave to pass through small openings.
  • the flow rate of powder 1 may be furthermore easily controlled by properly varying the flow rate of the feeder 201.
  • the device may work also with quite rough granular material or quite thin powder.
  • the energies needed for moving the powder 1 are very small and the plate 241 may therefore consist of a single board, the vibrating elements 242, the printed electric circuits 248 and the converters digital/analog being integrated therein.
  • the vibrating frequency may be widely varying and can range from sonic to ultrasonic field according to the requirements.
  • the space between the vibrating elements 242 may be advantageously be filled with suitable elastomeric material for preventing powder 1 from penetrating in said space.
  • suitable elastomeric material for preventing powder 1 from penetrating in said space.
  • a simple surface coating film may also be provided, said film performing also other functions, such as for example: anti-wear, anti-friction, anti-adherence.
  • the deviating device may also consist, for example, of a set of small air ejecting nozzles oriented transversely to the flow; similarly, the deviating device may also consist of a laminar air stream transverse with respect to the flow, modulated by the passage of a moving screen having permeable and not permeable regions.
  • the deviating device may also consist of a plate similar to the plate 241 of Figure 29, wherein the elements 242 may be caused to change their inclination, instead of vibrating.
  • the selective electrostatic charging device 210 can be carried out in any other way, for example with a system of electrodes directly contacting the powder 1. Also the station 225 for uniform electrostatic charging may be constituted by systems directly contacting the powder 1.
  • the feeder means 1 may be carried out in any other way and the thin layer 205 of powders 1 may be also oriented in any other direction, using a suitable feeder 20-1.
  • a suitable feeder 20-1 on the surface 3 of the tile to be decorated an adhesive liquid product 302 is projected on selected regions 303.
  • Said adhesive liquid product 302 is projected from a head 304 made of an array of nozzles spaced by a step allowing the drawing desired definition, the system is controlled by microprocessor P2 and memory M2 according to known digital techniques.
  • Said head 304 may be stationary, provided with ejecting nozzles transversely aligned with respect to the advancing direction A2 of the surface 3 and may cover the whole width of the surface 3 to be decorated, or may be provided with ejecting nozzles aligned parallel to the advancing direction A2 and may be moved scanning transversely with respect to the advancing direction A2.
  • a device 305 Downstream, in a distribution station B2, a device 305 is initially present, suitable for laying a layer 306 of decorating powdered material on the whole surface 3 of the tile and then, in a separating station C2, a suction device 307 is present, collecting the decorating material 306 not contacting the adhesive material 303.
  • suction device 307 a slight blowing may be also adopted for removing the powders from regions where the adhesive material 303 is not present to regions where said product is present.
  • the decorating powdered material 1 is distributed by a roller 309 covered with a layer 310 of said material 1; the layer 310 is moved close to the whole surface 3 of the tile but is applied only to the regions thereof where the adhesive material 303 is present, due to adhesion.
  • the decorating powder 1 is kept adhering to the surface of roller 309, advantageously since vacuum is present, acting on powders through the permeable surface of the roller 309.
  • the layer thickness is continuously reintegrated by a hopper feeder 311.
  • the decorating material which in this case is in a liquid or pasty state, is distributed as a layer 313 on a roller 314 by a scraper 315 slightly spaced from the roller surface 314.
  • the head 304 applies on the surface 3 detaching liquid materials 316 (water repellent) arranged in selected regions 317, and therefore, the layer 313 is transferred to the surface 3 only in the regions where this water-repellent material 316 is not present.
  • detaching liquid materials 316 water repellent
  • the decorating material 1, 312 is automatically removed from the surface 3 by means of the-roller 309, 314, in the areas where said decorating ⁇ naterial 1, 312, does not adhere to the surface 3.
  • the surface 3 may be the surface of an already fired tile, the surface of an already formed, but not yet fired, tile, the surface of a belt used as pressing means as described in PCT- EP95-04560, or the surface of a punch of the pressing die.
  • Said first material 302, 316 is applied on the surface 3 as small distinct drops, however said small drops, when adjacent, may also get together in a continuous region.
  • the adhesive material may simply consist of distilled water, ethylene glycol, but it may also include any other liquid, more or less viscous, organic or inorganic, solutions, mixtures, oils or other, and it may even comprise solid phases if this is useful for the result.
  • the anti-adherent material may be applied in its liquid state, keeping it at a suitable temperature when passing through the head 304 and causing it to solidify by cooling when contacting the surface 3 of the tile.
  • said adhesive and anti-adhesive materials may be applied with other computer controlled known means; furthermore, they may be advantageously applied as "pixels" of variable size and distances, by properly varying the jet intensity and frequency, so as to increase definition and shading effects. It is noted that, if compared to known techniques, the invention allows the an amount of decorating material 306, 312 to be applied, said amount being significantly greater than the amount of material 302, 316 (adhesive and anti- adhesive) passing through the head 304.
  • the grain size and abrasive properties of the material 302, 316 passing through the head 304 are also completely different with respect to properties of the applied decorating materials 306, 1, 312, which means that, even if rough and highly abrasive decorating materials are applied, only a not abrasive liquid substantially passes through the head 304, which assures long lasting and reliable working.
  • decorating materials 306, 1, 312 may be changed without changing the material passing through the head 304.
  • an adhesive liquid material 403 is applied as small drops 404 on the surface 4 1 of a transferring means consisting of a roller 402, said small drops 404 keeping distinct one from the other on the surface 401 or, if adjacent, getting together for forming a continuous region.
  • Said adhesive liquid material 403 is applied by first means consisting of a head 405 made of an array of ejecting nozzles whose distance allows the desired drawing definition, the system being controlled by microprocessor P2 and memory M2 according to known digital techniques.
  • Said head 405 may be stationary, and in this case the nozzles array is aligned parallel to the rotation axis of roller 402 and the array length covers the whole length of the roller 402, or the head 405 may be scanningly movable, parallel to the rotation axis of the roller 402, and in this case the nozzles array is aligned parallel to the rotation direction of the surface 401.
  • second means is present consisting of a feeding device 406 for feeding decorating powders 1, said feeding device 406 comprising a hopper 411 and a feeding roller 412.
  • Said feeding roller 412 is arranged so as to bring a thin layer 413 of powders 1 close to the surface 401 of the roller 402, advantageously at synchronous speed with respect to the roller 402.
  • the roller 412 may have a properly knurled surface, or it may have a tubular shape with porous external wall through which a suitable internal vacuum pressure operates: thus the powder layer 413 is kept on the external surface of the feeding roller 412, said layer 413 being subsequently transferred to the surface 401 in the areas where adhesive materials 403, 404 have been applied.
  • the roller 402 rollingly contacts the surface 3 to be decorated and the decorating materials 1, together with the residual adhesive material 404, are transferred to the surface 3 to be decorated.
  • the surface 401 of the roller 402 is then properly cleaned by suitable brushing means 414 and suction means 414a.
  • the device shown in Figure 35 is different from that of Figure 34 since the transferring means consists of a belt 415 wound in a closed loop on rollers 416.
  • An advantage of such version is that the device may be better suited for transferring decorating materials 410 on the surface 3 without contact.
  • drying devices 417 and vibrating means 418 are advantageously present, said drying devices 417 being suitable for evaporating the adhesive materials 403, 404.
  • This last version of decorating device without contact may be advantageously used when the surface 3 to be decorated is incoherent, as for example the surface of ceramic tiles in a powdery state before pressing.
  • a blower immersed in the powder 410 may be also used, said blower moving the powders and causing them to contact the roller 401 or the belt 415, by creating a slight upwards air flow; the same function may also be performed by a vibrating element immersed in the powder 410.
  • the device of Figure 36 is suited for working with decorating materials in liquid suspension 420; in this case the head 405 applies on the belt 421 a material 422 having anti-adherent properties, said material 422 preventing the adhesion of liquid suspension 420 in the regions of belt 421 where it is applied.
  • a thin layer 423 of decorating material in a liquid state remains therefore on the belt 421, arranged in complementary regions with respect to regions where the material 422 has been applied.
  • the decorating material 423 may be transferred to the surface 3 by direct contact, as shown in Figure 36, but it may also be transferred without contact by using the vibrating means 418 and the possible drying means of Figure 35.
  • the adhesive material 403, 404 may simply consist of distilled water, but may also comprise any liquid more or less viscous, organic or inorganic, solutions, mixtures, oil, ethylene glycol or other.
  • the anti-adherent material 422 may be applied in a liquid state, keeping it at a proper temperature when passing through the head 405, and may be solidified by cooling when contacting the transferring means 401, 415 421.
  • said adhesive and anti-adhesive materials may be applied with other known computer controlled systems, furthermore they may be advantageously applied as "pixels" of variable size and/or spacing, by properly varying the jet intensity and frequency, so as to increase definition and shading effects.
  • the invention allows an amount of decorating material 1, 410, 420 to be applied, said amount being significantly greater than the amount of material (adhesive or anti-adhesive) passing through the head 405.
  • the grain size and abrasive properties of the material passing through the head 405 are completely different to the properties of the applied decorating materials 1, 410, 420, i.e., even though rough and highly abrasive decorating materials are applied, only a liquid and not -abrasive material passes through the head 405, which assures a long lasting and reliable working.
  • a further advantage is that the decorating materials can be changed without changing the material passing through the head 405.
  • the decorating device 430 consists of a first container 431 which contains a powder 432 suitable for being picked up in the shape of a thin layer by the external surface of the roller 433.
  • a roller 434 has photoconductive surface and, during its rotating motion, is scanningly exposed to a laser beam 435 properly modulated by known means not shown and reflected by the rotating prismatic mirror 436. The regions unexposed to laser beam 435 remain electrostatically charged and, when passing near the roller 433, are coated with a layer 437 of powder
  • the layer 437 is transferred on the external surface of the permeable wall 439; such transferring is made easier by the device 440 which exerts an electrostatic attraction on the powder 432 and is also made easier by a negative pressure acting on the opposite side of the permeable wall 439.
  • the surface of the roller 434 is cleaned from possible residuals of powder 432, 437 through a sucking means 441 and electrostatically recharged by the device 442.
  • the permeable wall 439 consists of a thin reticular tissue shaped as a belt wound in a closed loop, said belt sliding in contact with a permeable plate
  • Said permeable plate 444 together with another impermeable wall 445, defines a chamber 446 inside which a suitable vacuum is kept with known means, not shown, and extends from the region 438 to the lowest region of the decorating device 430 near the surface 3 to be decorated.
  • a hopper 448 is present containing the decorating granulated material 449, said hopper 448 is downwards open and allows the decorating granulated material 449 to be continuously in contact with the permeable wall 439, such contact being made easier for example by blowing means 450 moving the decorating material 449.
  • the permeable wall 439 due to vacuum, attracts and keeps adherent to its surface a certain layer of decorating granulated material 449, but this may happen only nrthe regions still free from the layers 437, said layer 437 inhibiting the vacuum effect by closing the porosities of the permeable wall 439. Therefore, on the permeable wall 439 a pattern is formed, consisting of a layer of decorating grains 449 which corresponds to the latent image scanned by the laser beam 435, the thickness of the layer of decorating grains 449 being easily controlled through the vacuum level.
  • the decorating granulated material 449 lays automatically on the surface 3, which is also synchronously moving, according to a plan arrangement corresponding to the image scanned by the laser beam 435. Subsequently, a suction means 451 collects the possible residuals of powders
  • the powders 432 for having a high occluding power and being easily electrostatically attractable, will be advantageously based on lamellar materials, such as for example talcum, mica, gypsum, etc. properly electrostatically charged.
  • said powders 432 may be applied on the surface 3 in the regions complementary to the decorating granulated material 449, or may stay adherent to the permeable wall 439: in the first case said powders 432 will become integral part of the surface 3 and will possibly constitute a decorating material; in the second case said powders 432 will be instead sucked by the means 451 and possibly properly recycled, together with those sucked by the sucking means 441.
  • the decorating material 432, 449 may be applied on the surface 3, according to needings, with contact or without contact between the decorating device and the surface 3 to be decorated.
  • the decorating materials 432, 449 may be more easily detached by further means, such as vibrating devices 453, vibrating at with sonic or ultrasonic frequency, arranged in contact with the internal portion of the permeable wall 439.
  • This version of decorating device 430, provided with permeable wall 439, may also be carried out with a different type of applicator for applying the occluding layers 437: such applicator may consist of the head 405 which, as previously described for the anti-adherent material 422, projects occluding material in a liquid state at a suitable temperature, said material then solidifying by- cooling after contacting the porous wall 439; said occluding material will be removed from the permeable wall 439 after convenient heating and simultaneously to the detachment of the decorating material 449, converging on the surface 3, or successively to said detachment through the sucking means 451.
  • FIG 38 a different system for controlling the occlusion of the permeable wall 439 is shown, said permeable wall 439 now advantageously consisting of a thin metallic reticular tissue.
  • the through openings 454a of said permeable wall 439 are completely filled, near the region 454, with a thermo- melted material 455, by means of doctor blades 455a, said thermo-melted material 455 subsequently solidifying in said openings 454a.
  • said solidified material 455 is subjected to heating and consequent melting in selected regions controlled by computer means, which may take place by means of a modulated laser beam 457 as shown in the Figure o by means of other systems, known in the thermo-graphic digital printing technology.
  • Such melted material 455 is immediately removed by sucking means 458 acting on the opposite side and these regions 459 of the wall 439, becoming permeable, may carry a layer of decorating material 449.
  • the surface 3 can be the surface of an already fired tile, the surface of an already formed but not fired tile, the surface of a belt used as pressing means as described in the PCT-
  • the device 501 comprises a hopper 502 inside which a decorating powdered material 1 is contained.
  • the bottom of the hopper is delimited by a plate 504a which defines, together with another flat slab 505, a lateral slot 506 through which the decorating material 1 can flow.
  • the upper surface 504 of the plate 504a is substantially flat and ends, in the portion near the lateral slot 506, with a plurality of elements 507 vibratingly actuatable.
  • Said elements 507 consist of a set of bodies 508 made of piezoelectric material sealed between-a base electrode 509 and a set of upper electrodes 510.
  • Said electrodes 509, 510 are connected to control means controlled by computer C3 and memory M2 and therefore each element 507 may vibrate independently in a direction A3 perpendicular to the plane 504 of the plate 504a. If no vibration is present, the powder 1 is arranged according to a disposition D3., making an angle B3 with a horizontal line in an end portion thereof, said angle B3 corresponding to the limit sliding angle of the powder 1 in a static condition, and therefore the powder cannot flow. (The limit static sliding angle B3 crosses the surface 504 at point Z).
  • the flow of powder 1 is caused both since the limit sliding angle changes (from B3 to E3) and since that the powder 1 rests on the contact surface 504, when the vibration is active, without any substantial friction and a good flow of powder may be therefore easily obtained even with minimal applied energy.
  • the position and inclination of plate 504a and of flat slab 505 will be properly adjustable for adjusting working according to different kinds of powder and different requirements.
  • the device is extremely simple, effective and exact: for example the elements 507 may have an even quite small width, for obtaining a greater definition in feasible drawings, which however does not compromise the flowing freedom of the powder 1 which does not have to pass through small openings.
  • the flow rate of powder 1 is furthermore easily controllable by properly varying the vibration amplitude and frequency. Again, the best results may be obtained by using highly loose micro- granulated powders 1.
  • the device simplicity and the noiselessness is also due to the fact that practically no moving parts are present, since the vibrators 507 are the only movable elements and, on th - other hand, said vibrators 507 may be considered as substantially static, due to their size and the minimal oscillating vibration movement inside the material elastic field.
  • the plate 504a may therefore consist of a single board with the elements 507, the printed electrical circuits W and the converters digital/analog integrated thereinto.
  • the vibrating frequency may be widely varying and may range from sonic to ultrasonic field according to the requirements.
  • the transferring means is shaped like a belt 513 and is movable around rollers 514.
  • Said belt 513 is made by a reticular texture 515 ( Figure 46) which is filled with decorating material 516 when passing in a feeding station 517 consisting in this case of doctor blade means 518.
  • the belt 513 contacts an array of vibrating elements 519 which, when activated, cause the decorating material 516 to be projected towards the surface to be decorated 3, as shown in Figure 46.
  • This version of the device may even work with unslidable or adhesive decorating materials 516, such as pasty decorating materials made of powders mixed with liquid means.
  • FIG 44 a different type of belt 513 is shown, whose surface, at the face opposite to the face exposed to the vibrating element 519, is provided with a plurality of small cavities 520 suitable for being filled with the decorating material 516 in the feeding station 517, and for being emptied by means of the vibrating elements 519.
  • a layer 522 of decorating material 516 is kept adherent to the transferring belt 513 by means of vacuum P acting through a suitable permeability present in the belt 513 and said layer 522 is then selectively transferred to the surface 3 by means of the vibrating elements 519.
  • the decorating material 516 which is not expelled by the vibrating element
  • the transferring belt 513 is not necessarily provided with synchronised speed with respect to the surface 3, but it may have higher or lower speed for transferring more or less decorating material 516 to the surface 3.
  • the array of vibrating elements 519 may transversely be aligned with respect to the advancing direction of the surface 3, in such case the array of elements 519 will be stationary and will cover the whole width of the surface 3.
  • the array of vibrating elements 519 may be aligned in the opposite direction, i.e. parallel to the advancing direction of the surface 3, in this case said array will be provided with scanning transverse movement for reaching the whole width of the surface 3.
  • the space between the vibrating elements 507, 519 may be advantageously filled with suitable elastomer material for preventing powder from penetrating said space.
  • suitable elastomer material for preventing powder from penetrating said space.
  • a film for surface coating may also be provided, said film performing also other functions, such as: anti-wear, antifriction, anti-adherence.
  • the apparatus consists of a traditional, vertical axis, press provided with a fixed base frame 601 and of an upper portion 602 vertically movable, so as to move close and far from said base frame 601.
  • a die is mounted on the press, said die being provided with a lateral matrix 603, a lower punch 604 and an upper punch 605.
  • Loading means for loading the base powders 606 is present, said loading means being of a drawer type with sliding grid 607, and being furthermore suitable for ejecting along an exit direction A4 the already formed tile 608.
  • a decorating means is arranged, said decorating means consisting of a belt 609 closed in a loop, wound around a first roller 610 at the belt end nearest to the press, a tensioning roller 613 at the opposite end, and a pair of transmission rollers (respectively 611 and 612).
  • the first roller 610 is horizontally movable from a position external to the die to an end position, crossing the whole die plan.
  • the belt 609 is kept properly tensioned by the tensioning roller 613, which may be vertically moved upwards or downwards.
  • Decorating devices 614 are facing the upper surface of the high branch of the belt 609, said decorating device 614 being suitable for applying decorating materials 615 on said belt 609.
  • the roller 610 moves in direction B4 towards the die inner portion.
  • the rollers 610 and 613 are not rotating, the two branches of belt 609 move with equal speed C4, the roller 613 lowers keeping the belt 609 tensioned and the decorating devices 614 apply the decorating materials 615 on the surface of the belt 609.
  • the decorating materials 615 are transferred to said half-die and subsequently, during the pressing step, are transferred to the tile 608.
  • the belt 609 may have a smooth surface, in this case the decorating devices 614 will consist of by silk-screen, pad-printing or intaglio machines, or other.
  • the belt 609 may have an engraved surface according to the desired patterns, the belt 609 being in this case the decorating matrix.
  • the belt 609 may also consist of a silk-screen with open regions and closed regions according to the desired drawing, in such case the open regions will be previously filled with the decorating material by sliding, through feeding means consisting for example of a pair of opposite doctor blades arranged in the area where, in Figure 47, decorating devices 614 are arranged.
  • feeding means consisting for example of a pair of opposite doctor blades arranged in the area where, in Figure 47, decorating devices 614 are arranged.
  • the roller pressing means 616 may be replaced by a doctor blade.
  • the rolling decorating devices 614 shown in Figure 47 may be activated only when the upper branch of the belt 609 moves, and in this case said decorating devices 614 will be kept in their position, simply rotating around their own axis.
  • the decorating devices 614 may advantageously work during the whole cycle comprising advancing, withdrawal and stop of said upper branch, a constant translation speed being kept between said decorating devices 614 and said upper branch of the belt 609. This may enhance the working stability of said decorating devices 614, because they will work continuously and with lower speeds.
  • proper cleaning means may be advantageously mounted, and similarly cleaning means, arranged near the roller 610, may be provided for cleaning the half-die 605. It is noted that working is quite fast since the forwards and backwards movement of the belt 609 may be simultaneous to the forwards and backwards movement of the drawer 607; also the height dimension of the belt 609 and of the relative roller 610 may be reduced to the minimum for allowing a short and quick stroke of the half-die 605. Also the arrangement of the belt 609 in front of the press is advantageous since it allows not to interfere with the usual die loading means.
  • the decorating means may also consist of a simple translating roller in rolling contact under the half-die 605, or of any other printing means even intermittent.
  • said decorating means may be introduced from the back side of the press and possibly directly associated with the feeding drawer 607.
  • the die shown in the example has only one lateral matrix 603 but any other type of known die may be advantageously used, for example a double lateral matrix die.
  • the feeding system for feeding base powder 606 may be of any other kind.
  • the decorating materials will be of a damp or pasty type for improving their adhesion to the surface of the half-die 605; anyway decorating materials in a dry or grain powder state may also be used, suitable expedients being adopted for keeping said material adherent to the half-die 605.
  • Said expedients may consist in using electrostatic forces, adhesive means, electromagnetic attraction means if suitable decorating materials are used, or vacuum pressure attraction means.
  • the decorating materials may also consist of a decalcomania.
  • the apparatus is constituted by a base belt 701 movable around rollers 702, on the upper branch of said belt 701 a distributor for distributing powders 704 being present, said distributor forming a continuous layer 705 of said powders 704.
  • the movable body 707 of the press is arranged, said body being movable perpendicularly to the surface of belt 701 along the direction shown by the arrow FI, so as to move close to, or away from, said surface.
  • a second belt 708 is arranged, wound on first rollers 709 and second rollers 710. Said second rollers 710 are movable according to the arrows Gl so as to keep tensioned and in the right position the second belt 708 while the movable body 707 is moving.
  • decorating means 711 On the upper branch of the second belt 708 decorating means 711, drying means 712 and distributing means 713 for powders and/or grits are arranged. While working, when the movable body 707 is raised, the base belt 701 and the second belt 708 are indexed of a step; during this movement each decorating means 711 applies on the second belt 708 a respective decorating material 712, arranged according to a desired pattern, in overlapping manner or in sequence.
  • the decorating materials 714 which are advantageously applied as JO
  • This type of forming is particularly suitable for producing tiles of big size, which theoretically may have no limits in length. Therefore a tile size as largest as possible may be advantageous sent to oven, said tile being subsequently cut to the required measure. Such process offers the advantage that tiles are obtained, whose dimension is not affected by possible differences in shrinkage during firing.
  • the tile 608 may be cut in the final size by the proper means 716, or may be furthermore pressed until it reaches the desired measure in a further pressing station (not shown) according to known means.
  • This last version may be advantageous since it allows a lighter pressing to be carried out in the first pressing station and a better defined tile as regards tile shape to be obtained, as for example: the tile may be better shaped at its border with possible spacers, the edge on-the visible face may be provided with a rounded border, or again the tile rear face may be printed with a "mark" of drawing centred with respect to the border.
  • the decorating materials may be applied according to all the known techniques, such as: silk-screen rotating machines, or silk- screen reciprocating machines provided with flat screen, intaglio machines provided with laser engraved cavities, pad printing roller or reciprocating machines, machines working without contact, electrostatic transfer machines etc.
  • a decorating means 711 may be used for applying, according to a desired pattern, a suitable, temporary adhesive material on which, in a subsequent station 712, a decorating powdered or granular material is applied, said decorating material being attached to the belt 708 only where said adhesive material is applied.
  • This technique is particularly suitable since it allows a quite thick decoration to be obtained (also with coarse grains), with a good drawing definition (the definition of the decorating means 711 damp working in direct contact with a smooth surface) and with the whole thickness of decoration 714 perfectly incorporated into the tile 608.
  • the decorations applied with the second belt 708 may also be completed with other decorations applied on the layer 705 by decorating means 718, and in addition, if the second pressing is carried out, further decorating materials may be applied between the first pressing station and the second pressing station.
  • the Figure 50 shows a sketched apparatus in which the upper matrix for pressing and decoration transferring consists of a roller 719, continuously rotating about on horizontal axis, instead of being constituted by a belt 708 as in Figure 49.
  • the invention may also be carried out providing the base belt 701 and the second bet 708 of a continuous motion, in such case the body 707 will be stationary and suitable rolling means will be interposed between the belts 701 and 708 and the respective contrast bodies 706 and
  • said rolling means being suitable for transmitting the pressing forces with the belts 701 and 708 in movement.
  • the position and the function of the two bodies 706 and 707 may be reversed, i.e. the upper body will be kept stationary, thus behaving like a contrast body, while the lower body will be moved in direction perpendicular to the belt 701.
  • the decorating means 711, 713 may continuously act on the belt 708 when said belt is moving, or may reciprocatingly act on the belt 708 when it is stationary.
  • the belts 701, 708 will consist of suitable pressure-resistant material whose active surface may be treated so as to be kept clean, for this purpose cleaning means 720 may be installed.
  • the second belt 708 and the roller 719 they may be made of steel possibly with chromium-plated surface and they will be advantageously kept at a suitable temperature, at least in the region corresponding to pressing; this will allow the decorating materials 714 to be more easily dried and detached and a better surface of the tile 608 to be carried out.
  • the belt 708 and the roller 719 may be also provided with cavities and protrusions suitable for defining a structured surface of the tile 608; said protrusions may furthermore define preferred fracture lines for obtaining the tiles 608 without using cutting means 716.
  • the base belt 701 may be provided with surface suitable for defining on the rear face of tile 608 some support appendices for supporting said tile and/or preferred fracture lines.
  • the invention may be carried out also with a traditional pressing of intermittent type, for example as shown in Figure 51, with a pressing die 721 of the type provided with vertically movable lateral frame 722, upper punch 727 and lower punch 730; in this case the base powders 723 are loaded in the opening of the die 721 with the conventional known means (for example movable drawer means provided with grid 725) and the belt 708 is indexed between the lateral frame 722 and the upper punch 724.
  • a traditional pressing of intermittent type for example as shown in Figure 51
  • a pressing die 721 of the type provided with vertically movable lateral frame 722, upper punch 727 and lower punch 730 in this case the base powders 723 are loaded in the opening of the die 721 with the conventional known means (for example movable drawer means provided with grid 725) and the belt 708 is indexed between the lateral frame
  • the belt is constituted by a thin disposable belt 726 a portion of which, corresponding to the tile size, is sheared in the pressing step by a cutting edge present in the upper frame 728 (Figure 53).
  • said shearing may be obtained through simultaneous action of the upper punch 727 and the lower frame 722.
  • Figure 54 which shows the pressing end step, the tile 608 is partially pressed inside an upper frame 728 and it may therefore be shaped with a spacer 729 arranged in the lower portion thereof.
  • the belt 708 is provided with protrusions 731, arranged transversely and longitudinally, so as to form a frame with oblique internal walls, said protrusions 731 are advantageously made by elastomer permeable material for allowing air to easily escape.
  • the tile 732 is so pressed with exceeding material all around, said exceeding material being then removed by the cutting means 716.
  • the active portion of pressing is the lower one, therefore the upper body 733 constitutes the contrast plane and the lower body 734 is movable in direction FI. Since decorating materials 714 are applied on the belt 708 only inside the frame 731, the decorating means may be provided with movement in direction F2 for avoiding interference with said frame 731.
  • said decorating means 711 will be advantageously spaced by a distance equal to the belt advancing step so as to be at the external regions of the frame 731, during the pressing step; thus the pressing time may be advantageously used for drying actions or other on the applied decoration 714.
  • the described examples refer to ceramic tiles production, but the invention may be applied also in other fields, such as: concrete tiles production, production of plates in plastic material, production of plates in various materials etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé pour appliquer une matière en poudre (1) sur une surface (3), comprenant les opérations suivantes : constituer un jet de liquide (8), de préférence en pulvérisant ledit liquide sous forme de gouttelettes à travers des éjecteurs (7) formant un réseau et commandés par des moyens informatiques ; mélanger des portions de la matière en poudre (1) dans le jet de liquide (8) ; projeter ce jet de liquide (8) contenant ladite poudre sur ladite surface (3).
PCT/IB2001/000505 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Decoration d'objets WO2001072489A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001242687A AU2001242687A1 (en) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Object decoration
US10/275,036 US20040101619A1 (en) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Object decoration
EP01915606A EP1268148A2 (fr) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Decoration d'objets

Applications Claiming Priority (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2000MO000064 IT1315630B1 (it) 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 Impianto e motodo per decorazione di piastrelle alla pressatura.
IT2000MO000063 IT1315629B1 (it) 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 Impianto e metodo per pressatura e decorazione.
ITMO2000A000064 2000-03-30
ITMO2000A000063 2000-03-30
IT2000MO000082 IT1316066B1 (it) 2000-04-21 2000-04-21 Metodo e dispositivo per decorazione di piastrelle
ITMO2000A000080 2000-04-21
IT2000MO000080 IT1314623B1 (it) 2000-04-21 2000-04-21 Metodo e dispositivo per muovere materiale sciolto
ITMO2000A000081 2000-04-21
IT2000MO000081 IT1314624B1 (it) 2000-04-21 2000-04-21 Metodo e dispositivo per apporre materiale sciolto
ITMO2000A000082 2000-04-21
IT2000MO000092 IT1316071B1 (it) 2000-05-05 2000-05-05 Metodo e dispositivo per apporre materiale in polvere
ITMO2000A000092 2000-05-05
ITMO2000A000117 2000-05-31
IT2000MO000117 IT1316900B1 (it) 2000-05-31 2000-05-31 Metodo e dispositivo per disporre materiale in polvere in particolaresu piasrelle ceramiche.
IT2000MO000258 IT1316956B1 (it) 2000-11-29 2000-11-29 Metodo e dispositivo di decorazione, in particolare su piastrelleceramiche.
ITMO2000A000258 2000-11-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001072489A2 true WO2001072489A2 (fr) 2001-10-04
WO2001072489A3 WO2001072489A3 (fr) 2002-03-21

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PCT/IB2001/000505 WO2001072489A2 (fr) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Decoration d'objets

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1268148A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001242687A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001072489A2 (fr)

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CN100348397C (zh) * 2004-12-16 2007-11-14 谭仲声 一种瓷砖坯体的生产方法及其装置
EP2058099A1 (fr) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-13 T.S.C. S.p.A. Méthode pour l'application de matérieaux granulaires et/ou pulvérulents sur un produit et appareil pour réaliser cette méthode
US8337947B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2012-12-25 System S.P.A. Decorating with powder material
ITRE20110061A1 (it) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-06 Ativa "metodo di calibrazione di un dispositivo per l'erogazione di materiale solido incoerente"
ITVR20120177A1 (it) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-05 Projecta Engineering S R L Macchina e metodo per la decorazione digitale di prodotti con materiali granulari e simili
CN103958073A (zh) * 2011-09-26 2014-07-30 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 用于分配松散的固体材料的装置和方法
CN104039559A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2014-09-10 富士胶卷迪马蒂克斯股份有限公司 在基底上形成颜料图案
ITVR20130199A1 (it) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-13 Alberto Ferrari Procedimento per la realizzazione di decorazioni mediante l'utilizzo di pietre
EP2837506A1 (fr) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-18 Ferdiam S.r.l. Procédé pour la réalisation de décorations
US9079212B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2015-07-14 Floor Iptech Ab Dry ink for digital printing
WO2015114433A1 (fr) * 2014-01-30 2015-08-06 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Courroie de pression continue pour dalles en céramique possédant une surface structurée, et procédé de fabrication de la courroie et son utilisation
US9446602B2 (en) 2012-07-26 2016-09-20 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital binder printing
IT201600074610A1 (it) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-18 Baltea D C Srl Apparecchiatura per la decorazione di un articolo con nuovo sistema per erogare un toner o un pigmento ceramico su un'immagine virtuale stampata sull'articolo da decorare mediante una unita' di stampa del tipo a getto d'inchiostro
US10035358B2 (en) 2012-07-17 2018-07-31 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Panels with digital embossed in register surface
US10041212B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2018-08-07 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital overlay
US10239346B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2019-03-26 Unilin Bvba Method of manufacturing a floor board
CN109988481A (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-07-09 孙建忠 一种低粘速凝型水晶胶
WO2020250060A1 (fr) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 System Ceramics S.P.A. Dispositif de distribution destiné à un matériau granulaire
US10899166B2 (en) 2010-04-13 2021-01-26 Valinge Innovation Ab Digitally injected designs in powder surfaces
WO2021156682A1 (fr) * 2020-02-03 2021-08-12 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systèmes et procédés d'impression de pâte à braser et d'autres matériaux visqueux à haute résolution
US11497124B2 (en) 2020-06-09 2022-11-08 Io Tech Group Ltd. Methods for printing conformal materials on component edges at high resolution
US11622451B2 (en) 2020-02-26 2023-04-04 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systems and methods for solder paste printing on components
US11691332B2 (en) 2020-08-05 2023-07-04 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systems and methods for 3D printing with vacuum assisted laser printing machine
WO2023248123A1 (fr) * 2022-06-23 2023-12-28 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Procédé d'étalonnage d'un ensemble d'alimentation en matière pulvérulente et système de fabrication d'articles en céramique implémentant ledit procédé

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CN100348397C (zh) * 2004-12-16 2007-11-14 谭仲声 一种瓷砖坯体的生产方法及其装置
US8337947B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2012-12-25 System S.P.A. Decorating with powder material
EP2687347A2 (fr) 2006-02-21 2014-01-22 System Spa Décoration à base de matériau en poudre
EP2058099A1 (fr) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-13 T.S.C. S.p.A. Méthode pour l'application de matérieaux granulaires et/ou pulvérulents sur un produit et appareil pour réaliser cette méthode
US11292289B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2022-04-05 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Method of manufacturing a floor board
US10239346B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2019-03-26 Unilin Bvba Method of manufacturing a floor board
US11938751B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2024-03-26 Flooring Industies Limited, Sarl Method for manufacturing a floor board
US10899166B2 (en) 2010-04-13 2021-01-26 Valinge Innovation Ab Digitally injected designs in powder surfaces
ITRE20110061A1 (it) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-06 Ativa "metodo di calibrazione di un dispositivo per l'erogazione di materiale solido incoerente"
CN103958073A (zh) * 2011-09-26 2014-07-30 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 用于分配松散的固体材料的装置和方法
CN104039559A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2014-09-10 富士胶卷迪马蒂克斯股份有限公司 在基底上形成颜料图案
JP2015505794A (ja) * 2011-11-18 2015-02-26 フジフィルム ディマティックス， インコーポレイテッド 基板上顔料パターン形成
EP2780169A4 (fr) * 2011-11-18 2015-05-20 Fujifilm Dimatix Inc Formation d'un motif à base de pigment sur un substrat
US11833846B2 (en) 2012-07-17 2023-12-05 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital embossed in register surface
US10035358B2 (en) 2012-07-17 2018-07-31 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Panels with digital embossed in register surface
US10556447B2 (en) 2012-07-17 2020-02-11 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital embossed in register surface
US10414173B2 (en) 2012-07-26 2019-09-17 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital binder printing
US10016988B2 (en) 2012-07-26 2018-07-10 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital binder printing
US9446602B2 (en) 2012-07-26 2016-09-20 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital binder printing
WO2014037823A1 (fr) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Projecta Engineering S.R.L. Procédé et machine pour la décoration numérique de produits avec des matières granulaires et similaires
CN110639775A (zh) * 2012-09-04 2020-01-03 普罗杰塔工程有限责任公司 用于通过粒状材料等对产品进行数字装饰的方法及机器
EP2892657B1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2016-11-09 Projecta Engineering S.r.l. Procédé et machine pour la décoration numérique de produits avec des matières granulaires et similaires
CN104822466A (zh) * 2012-09-04 2015-08-05 普罗杰塔工程有限责任公司 用于通过粒状材料等对产品进行数字装饰的方法及机器
ITVR20120177A1 (it) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-05 Projecta Engineering S R L Macchina e metodo per la decorazione digitale di prodotti con materiali granulari e simili
US9279058B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2016-03-08 Floor Iptech Ab Digital embossing
US9528011B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2016-12-27 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital binder and powder print
US9738095B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2017-08-22 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital printing with transparent blank ink
US9873803B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2018-01-23 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Dry ink for digital printing
US10800186B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2020-10-13 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital printing with transparent blank ink
US9670371B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2017-06-06 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital thermal binder and powder printing
US10029484B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2018-07-24 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital embossing
US9630404B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2017-04-25 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Dry ink for digital printing
US9321925B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2016-04-26 Floor Iptech Ab Dry ink for digital printing
US9371456B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2016-06-21 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital thermal binder and powder printing
US10189281B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2019-01-29 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital thermal binder and power printing
US9079212B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2015-07-14 Floor Iptech Ab Dry ink for digital printing
US10384471B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2019-08-20 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital binder and powder print
US10369814B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2019-08-06 Ceraloc Innovations Ab Digital embossing
US10041212B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2018-08-07 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital overlay
US10988901B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2021-04-27 Ceraloc Innovation Ab Digital overlay
ITVR20130199A1 (it) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-13 Alberto Ferrari Procedimento per la realizzazione di decorazioni mediante l'utilizzo di pietre
EP2837506A1 (fr) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-18 Ferdiam S.r.l. Procédé pour la réalisation de décorations
CN105939843A (zh) * 2014-01-30 2016-09-14 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 用于具有结构化表面的陶瓷板的连续压带及带的制造和使用方法
CN105939843B (zh) * 2014-01-30 2018-11-16 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 用于具有结构化表面的陶瓷板的连续压带及带的制造和使用方法
WO2015114433A1 (fr) * 2014-01-30 2015-08-06 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Courroie de pression continue pour dalles en céramique possédant une surface structurée, et procédé de fabrication de la courroie et son utilisation
WO2018015978A1 (fr) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-25 Baltea D.C. Srl Dispositif pour décorer un article avec un nouveau système pour distribuer un toner ou un pigment céramique sur une image virtuelle imprimée par une unité d'impression du type à jet d'encre sur l'article à décorer
IT201600074610A1 (it) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-18 Baltea D C Srl Apparecchiatura per la decorazione di un articolo con nuovo sistema per erogare un toner o un pigmento ceramico su un'immagine virtuale stampata sull'articolo da decorare mediante una unita' di stampa del tipo a getto d'inchiostro
CN109988481A (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-07-09 孙建忠 一种低粘速凝型水晶胶
WO2020250060A1 (fr) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 System Ceramics S.P.A. Dispositif de distribution destiné à un matériau granulaire
CN114007764A (zh) * 2019-06-11 2022-02-01 系统陶瓷股份公司 用于粒状材料的分配设备
US20220323988A1 (en) * 2019-06-11 2022-10-13 System Ceramics S.P.A. A dispensing device for a granular material
CN114007764B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2024-03-26 系统陶瓷股份公司 用于粒状材料的分配设备
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CN115038591A (zh) * 2020-02-03 2022-09-09 Io技术集团公司 以高分辨率印刷焊膏和其他粘性材料的系统与方法
US11697166B2 (en) 2020-02-03 2023-07-11 Io Tech Group Ltd. Methods for printing solder paste and other viscous materials at high resolution
WO2021156682A1 (fr) * 2020-02-03 2021-08-12 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systèmes et procédés d'impression de pâte à braser et d'autres matériaux visqueux à haute résolution
US11622451B2 (en) 2020-02-26 2023-04-04 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systems and methods for solder paste printing on components
US11497124B2 (en) 2020-06-09 2022-11-08 Io Tech Group Ltd. Methods for printing conformal materials on component edges at high resolution
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US11865767B2 (en) 2020-08-05 2024-01-09 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systems and methods for 3D printing with vacuum assisted laser printing machine
US11691332B2 (en) 2020-08-05 2023-07-04 Io Tech Group Ltd. Systems and methods for 3D printing with vacuum assisted laser printing machine
WO2023248123A1 (fr) * 2022-06-23 2023-12-28 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Procédé d'étalonnage d'un ensemble d'alimentation en matière pulvérulente et système de fabrication d'articles en céramique implémentant ledit procédé

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EP1268148A2 (fr) 2003-01-02
WO2001072489A3 (fr) 2002-03-21
AU2001242687A1 (en) 2001-10-08

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