WO2001066861A1 - Method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed - Google Patents

Method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001066861A1
WO2001066861A1 PCT/NO2001/000104 NO0100104W WO0166861A1 WO 2001066861 A1 WO2001066861 A1 WO 2001066861A1 NO 0100104 W NO0100104 W NO 0100104W WO 0166861 A1 WO0166861 A1 WO 0166861A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foundation
anchoring
rock bed
recess
formation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2001/000104
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jonny SÖRENSEN
Original Assignee
Norsk Miljökraft As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Miljökraft As filed Critical Norsk Miljökraft As
Priority to AU2001239601A priority Critical patent/AU2001239601A1/en
Publication of WO2001066861A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001066861A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed, particularly a foundation for a wind turbine.
  • a wind turbine (windmill) for producing electric power consists of a tower (usually a tubular steel tower), and a turbine housing with alternator and rotor.
  • the tower could have a height of 30 - 100 m
  • the rotor could have a diameter of 30 - 80 m
  • the entire structure could weigh 100 - 200 ton or more.
  • the configuration of the foundation on which the tubular tower rests would differ depending on whether the ground consists of uncompacted materials or of rock.
  • the approaches currently used for rock bed foundations are in the form of a concrete blockk anchored to the rock by means of several deeply extending straight iron bars (tension bars) drilled down into the rock bed. About 100 - 250 m 3 of concrete are needed for a such foundation.
  • a way of effectively solving this problem is to use pre-tensioned iron bars (tension bars).
  • Pre-tensioning of the iron bars requires high forces provided by means of hydraulic equipment used in a time consuming and expensive tower foundation work process. With other words, an expensive way of building a foundation for a wind turbine tower or mast.
  • DK 117 336 discloses a method and device for anchoring a foundation on a rock bed by forming a recess in the rock bed in which at least part of the foundation is positioned and embedded.
  • the device consists of a shaped body hav- ing reinforcement embedded in the bottom part thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and device permitting anchoring of foundations to a rock bed, in a manner that is less costly while at the same time giving better stability and safety to the turbine structure than the prior art as discussed above. According to the invention this object is achieved through a method and device as defined in the appending patent claims.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical section view illustrating an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a geometrical formation that is part of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical section view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • a geometrical formation 1 is provided by forming, through drilling or through any other convenient method such as by water cutting, laser etc., a plurality of adjacent vertical holes 2 in the rock bed F.
  • the holes 2 are formed by full-face boring, in which the bore holes are substantially tangent to each other or alternatively overlap each other as indicated by 2' in fig. 2.
  • rock masses 3 between the bore holes 2 must be removed in order to obtain a continuous recess or cavity 4 in the rock bed F, while the other way of locating the bore holes 2' requires a larger number of bore holes 2' in order to provide the same cylindrical formation 1 , while on the other hand there are no intermediate rock masses 3 that need to be removed.
  • the geometrical formation 1 will be a closed curve that may be circular as shown in fig. 2, or elliptical, triangular, quadrangular or any polygonal or other shape adapted to the structure to be supported by the foundation.
  • the foundation of the embodiment according to fig. 1 consists of a platform 6 having a suitable geometrical shape in a horizontal plane, such as circular. Its size relative to the formation 1 may vary.
  • the platform 6 is provided with a plurality of support columns 7, such that the totality of columns 7 provides a shape matching the exem- plary cylindrical formation 1. There could be one column 7 per bore hole 2, 2' or less or more columns 7.
  • the cross section of the column 7 may take different forms such as circular, triangular and polygonal etc.
  • columns 7 would be thick- walled, cylindrical steel pipes.
  • the thickness or width of recess 4, which normally would be substantially equal to the diameter of the bore holes 2, 2', should be at least two and normally about three times the maximum diameter of columns 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

In the method according to the invention a recess (4) forming a geometrical formation (1) adapted to the foundation is formed in the rock bed, whereupon at least part (7, 11) of the foundation is lowered into and embedded in the recess (4). The recess (4) is formed by drilling a plurality of adjacent or overlapping boreholes (2, 2'). The device of the invention comprises, as part of the foundation, an anchoring portion in the form of a single pipe (11) adapted to be lowered into and embedded in a formation pre-formed in the rock bed (F), consisting of a recess (4) adapted to the shape of the anchoring portion (11).

Description

Method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed.
The invention relates to a method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed, particularly a foundation for a wind turbine.
A wind turbine (windmill) for producing electric power consists of a tower (usually a tubular steel tower), and a turbine housing with alternator and rotor. The tower could have a height of 30 - 100 m, the rotor could have a diameter of 30 - 80 m, and the entire structure could weigh 100 - 200 ton or more. The configuration of the foundation on which the tubular tower rests would differ depending on whether the ground consists of uncompacted materials or of rock. The approaches currently used for rock bed foundations are in the form of a concrete blockk anchored to the rock by means of several deeply extending straight iron bars (tension bars) drilled down into the rock bed. About 100 - 250 m3 of concrete are needed for a such foundation. Temperature variations in the ground and concrete will cause variations in the length of the bars (length increasing with increasing temperature). The resulting forces are so large that the concrete block may tend to loosen from the rock bed, resulting in an unstable foundation adversely affecting the stability of the wind turbine structure itself.
A way of effectively solving this problem is to use pre-tensioned iron bars (tension bars). Pre-tensioning of the iron bars requires high forces provided by means of hydraulic equipment used in a time consuming and expensive tower foundation work process. With other words, an expensive way of building a foundation for a wind turbine tower or mast.
DK 117 336 discloses a method and device for anchoring a foundation on a rock bed by forming a recess in the rock bed in which at least part of the foundation is positioned and embedded. The device consists of a shaped body hav- ing reinforcement embedded in the bottom part thereof.
The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device permitting anchoring of foundations to a rock bed, in a manner that is less costly while at the same time giving better stability and safety to the turbine structure than the prior art as discussed above. According to the invention this object is achieved through a method and device as defined in the appending patent claims.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a vertical section view illustrating an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of a geometrical formation that is part of the invention; and
Fig. 3 is a vertical section view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment according to fig. 1 a geometrical formation 1 is provided by forming, through drilling or through any other convenient method such as by water cutting, laser etc., a plurality of adjacent vertical holes 2 in the rock bed F. Preferably, the holes 2 are formed by full-face boring, in which the bore holes are substantially tangent to each other or alternatively overlap each other as indicated by 2' in fig. 2. In the first case the rock masses 3 between the bore holes 2 must be removed in order to obtain a continuous recess or cavity 4 in the rock bed F, while the other way of locating the bore holes 2' requires a larger number of bore holes 2' in order to provide the same cylindrical formation 1 , while on the other hand there are no intermediate rock masses 3 that need to be removed.
Preferably, the geometrical formation 1 will be a closed curve that may be circular as shown in fig. 2, or elliptical, triangular, quadrangular or any polygonal or other shape adapted to the structure to be supported by the foundation.
When a continuous recess 4 has been provided, leaving a massive central rock part 5, a foundation can be placed and embedded therein. The foundation of the embodiment according to fig. 1 consists of a platform 6 having a suitable geometrical shape in a horizontal plane, such as circular. Its size relative to the formation 1 may vary. The platform 6 is provided with a plurality of support columns 7, such that the totality of columns 7 provides a shape matching the exem- plary cylindrical formation 1. There could be one column 7 per bore hole 2, 2' or less or more columns 7.
The cross section of the column 7 may take different forms such as circular, triangular and polygonal etc. Preferably, columns 7 would be thick- walled, cylindrical steel pipes. Preferably, the thickness or width of recess 4, which normally would be substantially equal to the diameter of the bore holes 2, 2', should be at least two and normally about three times the maximum diameter of columns 7.
When the platform 6 with columns 7 has been placed in the recess 4, con- crete B, or other suitable curing mass is filled into the recess 4 around the columns 7, anchoring the latter to the rock bed. In order to enhance the anchoring force angels 8 could be provided on column 7. In order to further increase the anchoring force, bars 9 could be drilled down from the recess 4 and secured to the rock bed as shown in fig. 1. An alternative approach as shown in fig. 3, is to use a foundation consisting of a single cylindrical or otherwise suitably shaped pipe 11 having a diameter substantially equal to the mean diameter of the circular formation 1. Pipe 11 is placed in the continuous recess or cavity 4 provided by the bore holes 2, 2'. No platform is needed for pipe 11 , since a tower or mast 10 of the wind turbine can be secured directly to the top of pipe 11 extending above the ground. Tower 10 would then be tubular to fit with pipe 11. The anchoring technique would be the same as described above.
Although the invention as described above is contemplated primarily a for use in connection with foundations for wind turbines, it may of course also be used in connection with foundations for other structures.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. Method for anchoring a foundation to rock bed, wherein a recess (4) is formed in the rock bed providing a geometrical formation 1 adapted to the foun- dation, and wherein at least part (7, 11) of the foundation is placed and embedded in the recess (4), characterized by forming the formation (4) by drilling a plurality of adjacent or overlapping bore holes (2, 2').
2. Method according to claim 1 , characterized by forming the geometrical formation (1) as a closed curve, such as circular, elliptical or polygonal.
3. Device to be used in anchoring a foundation to rock bed, comprising an anchoring portion (7, 11) formed as part of the foundation and adapted to be placed and embedded in a preformed formation in the rock bed F consisting of a recess (4) adapted to the shape of the anchoring portion (7, 11), characterized in that the anchoring portion is in the form of a single pipe (11).
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the anchoring portion is provided with anchoring reinforcing members (8, 9) in the form of angels (8) and/or bars (9).
PCT/NO2001/000104 2000-03-10 2001-03-09 Method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed WO2001066861A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001239601A AU2001239601A1 (en) 2000-03-10 2001-03-09 Method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20001283 2000-03-10
NO20001283A NO311184B1 (en) 2000-03-10 2000-03-10 Method and apparatus for attaching a foundation to the bedrock

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001066861A1 true WO2001066861A1 (en) 2001-09-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2001/000104 WO2001066861A1 (en) 2000-03-10 2001-03-09 Method and device for anchoring a foundation to a rock bed

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU2001239601A1 (en)
NO (1) NO311184B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001066861A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002099203A1 (en) * 2001-06-05 2002-12-12 Sds Corporation Limited Method of drilling a tubular slot
DE102008053454A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-05-20 Wendling-Lenz, Giesela Hybrid tower construction
EP2192236A2 (en) 2008-12-01 2010-06-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A foundation and a method for forming a mono pile foundation
CN101691760B (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-07-27 中国电力科学研究院 Composite foundation combining anchor rods with excavation and construction method thereof
US8261502B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2012-09-11 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Tower foundation system
CN103147687A (en) * 2013-02-21 2013-06-12 北京鑫实路桥建设有限公司 Ring-type cutting method for excavating rocks at bottom part of pit shaft of bored pile
NO20171962A1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-10 Comrod As Method for fixing a conical energy transportation mast to the ground.

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105297760B (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-01-05 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 Drill bit anchor pile composite foundation stabilization structure
NO344819B1 (en) 2017-11-17 2020-05-04 Comrod As Method for creating a clearance for a mast element in a ground.
NO345246B1 (en) * 2018-02-09 2020-11-16 Comrod As Foundation and method for attaching a mast element comprising a hollow end portion in loose material.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK117336B (en) * 1967-01-17 1970-04-13 T Stenquist Method of embedding concrete elements such as piles in a foundation such as concrete, rock or earth, and shaped body for use in carrying out the method.
SU796312A1 (en) * 1979-03-28 1981-01-15 Ленинградское Отделение Всесоюз-Ного Ордена Ленина Проектно-Изыс-Кательского И Научно-Исследовательс-Кого Института "Гидропроект" Им.C.Я.Жука Method of fitting anchors
WO1995025213A1 (en) * 1994-03-14 1995-09-21 Kvaerner Eureka A.S A foundation tube for use as a foundation for masts, posts, pillars, etc., together with a method for formation of the foundation
JPH10131231A (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-05-19 Seiko Kogyo Kk Excavating method and excavator
JPH1161854A (en) * 1997-08-26 1999-03-05 Ohbayashi Corp Foundation structure for cylindrical tower-like structure
JP2000328584A (en) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-28 Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd Foundation structure

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK117336B (en) * 1967-01-17 1970-04-13 T Stenquist Method of embedding concrete elements such as piles in a foundation such as concrete, rock or earth, and shaped body for use in carrying out the method.
SU796312A1 (en) * 1979-03-28 1981-01-15 Ленинградское Отделение Всесоюз-Ного Ордена Ленина Проектно-Изыс-Кательского И Научно-Исследовательс-Кого Института "Гидропроект" Им.C.Я.Жука Method of fitting anchors
WO1995025213A1 (en) * 1994-03-14 1995-09-21 Kvaerner Eureka A.S A foundation tube for use as a foundation for masts, posts, pillars, etc., together with a method for formation of the foundation
JPH10131231A (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-05-19 Seiko Kogyo Kk Excavating method and excavator
JPH1161854A (en) * 1997-08-26 1999-03-05 Ohbayashi Corp Foundation structure for cylindrical tower-like structure
JP2000328584A (en) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-28 Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd Foundation structure

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198140, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1981-K38492 *
DATABASE WPI Week 199830, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1998-344082 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002099203A1 (en) * 2001-06-05 2002-12-12 Sds Corporation Limited Method of drilling a tubular slot
US8261502B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2012-09-11 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Tower foundation system
US8745942B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2014-06-10 Illinois Tool Work, Inc. Tower foundation system and method for providing such system
DE102008053454A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-05-20 Wendling-Lenz, Giesela Hybrid tower construction
DE102008053454B4 (en) * 2008-10-28 2012-07-19 Gisela Wendling-Lenz Hybrid tower construction
EP2192236A2 (en) 2008-12-01 2010-06-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A foundation and a method for forming a mono pile foundation
CN101748737A (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-23 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 A foundation and a method for forming a mono pile foundation
US7785040B2 (en) 2008-12-01 2010-08-31 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Foundation and a method for forming a mono pile foundation
EP2192236A3 (en) * 2008-12-01 2012-10-10 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A foundation and a method for forming a mono pile foundation
CN101691760B (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-07-27 中国电力科学研究院 Composite foundation combining anchor rods with excavation and construction method thereof
CN103147687A (en) * 2013-02-21 2013-06-12 北京鑫实路桥建设有限公司 Ring-type cutting method for excavating rocks at bottom part of pit shaft of bored pile
NO20171962A1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-10 Comrod As Method for fixing a conical energy transportation mast to the ground.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO311184B1 (en) 2001-10-22
NO20001283L (en) 2001-09-11
AU2001239601A1 (en) 2001-09-17
NO20001283D0 (en) 2000-03-10

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