WO2001047214A1 - Procede de transfert de donnees fiable - Google Patents

Procede de transfert de donnees fiable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001047214A1
WO2001047214A1 PCT/JP2000/009142 JP0009142W WO0147214A1 WO 2001047214 A1 WO2001047214 A1 WO 2001047214A1 JP 0009142 W JP0009142 W JP 0009142W WO 0147214 A1 WO0147214 A1 WO 0147214A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
message
layer device
result
communication
communication processing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/009142
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koichi Ebata
Kenji Takeda
Original Assignee
Nec Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Nec Corporation filed Critical Nec Corporation
Priority to AU24013/01A priority Critical patent/AU2401301A/en
Publication of WO2001047214A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001047214A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/188—Time-out mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication system that employs a transaction-type protocol to ensure reliability in data transmission.
  • WAP Wireless Application Protocol
  • WAP Wireless Application Protocol
  • WAP is a suite of open protocols and is defined as a communication protocol for Web for Cellular Phone and PDA.
  • WTP Wireless Session Protocol
  • WTP Wireless Transaction Protocol
  • WTP provides reliable data transfer based on the request-reply paradigm. Specifically, WTP specifies that retransmission of lost packets, selective retransmission and flow control should be supported, no explicit connection should be used, and acknowledgment of messages should be held. I have.
  • the origin server a server that supplies content
  • the WAP client directly communicates with the origin server according to the WAP. Communicate with each other.
  • the WAP client communicates indirectly with the origin server via the WAP gateway / proxy.
  • the other network is, for example, the Internet.
  • the other protocol is the TCP / IP stack.
  • the WAF gateway / proxy is HT It converts ML format content to WML format content and also performs protocol conversion from WTP or WSP to HTTP.
  • the communication procedure according to WTF includes two transactions, class 1 and class 2.
  • Class 1 transactions provide a reliable start message transfer
  • class 2 transactions provide a reliable start message transfer with a result message.
  • the initiator indicates the start of communication.
  • Start message is sent to the responder, and the responder returns an acknowledgment (hereinafter simply referred to as ACK) to the initiator.
  • ACK acknowledgment
  • the initiator also starts the retransmission timer when transmitting the start message. If the retransmission timer times out before receiving the ACK, the initiator sends a start message again to the responder.
  • the initiator is a WAP client.
  • the responder is the origin server for direct communication, and the WAP gateway / proxy for indirect communication.
  • a real Z-virtual device in each layer of the protocol stack will be described as a corresponding layer device. That is, a real no-virtual device of the X layer is referred to as an X layer device.
  • the responder's communication processing layer device when the responder's communication processing layer device receives a start message, the upper layer device generates a start response and a result request. If the responder is a proxy gateway, this upper layer device may connect to an external network or the like in response to the start message.
  • the upper layer is the WSP layer
  • the communication processing layer is the WTP layer.
  • the responder's communication processing layer device upon receiving the start message from the initiator's communication processing layer device, the responder's communication processing layer device immediately sends an ACK for the start message reception. Instead, start the hold timer and wait for a certain period of time. If a start response is returned from the upper layer device during this standby, the communication processing layer device starts the hold timer again and enters the standby state again. After a set period of time If the result request is supplied from the upper-level device before the communication processing layer device
  • the initiator's communication processing layer device regards this result message as ACK. In other words, on the initiator side, receiving this result message is regarded as receiving ACK.
  • the communication processing layer device of the responder returns to A at that point, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • CK is returned to the initiator's communication processing layer device. This is because if the retransmission timer started by the initiator's communication processing layer device when sending the start message times out, the initiator's communication processing layer device will resend the start message, so this retransmission is prevented. It is done to pass.
  • the responder's communication processing layer device activates the hold timer when it receives the start message and waits for a certain period of time, as shown in Fig. 4. If there is a start response from the upper layer device while waiting, the responder's communication processing layer device returns an ACK to the initiator's communication processing layer device at that time. If the waiting time elapses without returning a start response from the upper layer device, the responding communication processing layer device sends an ACK when the waiting time elapses, as shown in Fig. 5. Returned to communication processing layer device. By such a procedure, the number of messages sent to the transmission path can be reduced.
  • Synchronization means that the upper device of the initiator and the upper layer device of the responder manage the status of their own device by accurately grasping the status of the other device. In other words, it means that the state of the upper layer device of the initiator and the state of the upper layer device of the responder match.
  • the responder's communication processing layer device starts the hold timer. If the start response is not returned before the timer expires, the responder's communication processing layer device sends a response to the initiator's communication processing layer device. Send ACK. Receipt of an ACK by the initiator indicates that a confirmation response to the start message has been obtained. Therefore, the upper device of the initiator considers that there has been a response from the upper layer device of the responder. However, in reality, there is no response from the responder's upper-layer device, and a synchronization error occurs between the upper-layer devices.
  • WTP has an optional function called User Acknowledgement.
  • the communication processing layer device of the receiver that is, the responder
  • the communication processing layer device of the receiver that is, the responder
  • the communication processing layer device of the receiver waits until the start response is returned from the responder's upper layer device. Keep waiting.
  • this function is used, even if the hold timer started when the start message is received expires, if the start response is not supplied from the upper layer device, the responding communication processing layer device sends an ACK. It is not sent to the communication processing layer device of the initiator.
  • the responder's communication processing layer device returns an ACK to the initiator's communication processing device when it receives a start response from the upper layer device, as shown in FIG.
  • the responding communication processing layer device restarts the hold timer when it receives a start response from the upper layer device. After that, processing is performed in the same manner as in the procedure described above. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, if the response message can be returned before the waiting time elapses, the communication processing layer device of the responder transmits the result message without transmitting an ACK. . On the other hand, if the waiting time elapses without the result request being supplied, the responding communication processing layer device sends out an ACK when the waiting time elapses, as shown in FIG.
  • the initiator's upper layer device is notified of the start confirmation only when the responder's upper layer device sends a start response. This confirms the synchronization between the two.
  • the round trip time indicates the time from when a message is sent until a response is returned. That is, in the above case, the round trip time is the time from sending the start message to receiving the ACK. This round trip time is preferably measured as the time required for round-trip transmission. In other words, it is desirable that the message be transmitted by the sender and then be received by the receiver and immediately return an ACK to the sender.
  • the timing of the ACK output differs greatly depending on the timing at which the higher-order device of the responder outputs a start response or a result request. This is largely due to the application processing in the upper layer of the responder.
  • the responder is a WAP gateway / proxy and tries to connect to an external network in response to the start message, the external network situation will affect the response and generation of results.
  • the round trip time includes many factors other than transmission delay. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the initiator to appropriately set the retransmission timer. If a fixed time is set in the retransmission timer, it cannot clearly cope with fluctuations in the round trip time.
  • the retransmission timer is set to change adaptively to the actual round trip time measurement value, it is difficult to adapt to a large variation in round trip time. As a result, the initiator will resend the message even though the responder has received the initiation message. Such retransmissions are useless.
  • the communication processing layer device of the initiator assumes the loss of the message due to a transmission error or the like and activates the retransmission message simultaneously with transmitting the start message. Thereafter, if the ACK is not returned before the timer expires, the communication processing layer device assumes that a message is lost and retransmits the same start message as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows a class 1 transaction using User Acknowledgement.
  • the communication processing layer device continues to wait without sending an ACK until a response is received from the upper layer device. Therefore, if it takes a long time to supply a response from the responder's upper layer device, the responder's communication processing layer device cannot easily send an ACK. In this case, the initiator's communication layer device may retransmit the start message. In summary, even though the start message has been received at the responder's communication layer device, the initiator's communication processing layer device retransmits the start message assuming that the start message did not reach the responder. Eggplant Thus, transmission resources may be wasted.
  • the start message may be retransmitted as in the case of the class 1 transaction described above.
  • the responder's communication processing layer device sends the start response from the responder's upper layer device to the initiator's communication processing layer device. Send ACK immediately.
  • the communication processing layer device upon receiving a start response from the upper layer device, the communication processing layer device starts the hold timer. As shown in Fig. 11, if a result request is issued before the hold timer expires, the responder's communication processing layer device sends only the result message to the initiator's communication processing layer device. Otherwise, as shown in FIG.
  • an ACK is sent out on a timeout and a result message is sent out on the result feed.
  • the start message may be retransmitted. More specifically, even if the value of the hold timer is set to such a value that the initiator does not retransmit, the hold timer is started after the start response is supplied from the host device. However, the possibility of retransmission increases.
  • An object of the present invention is to achieve efficient transmission by preventing useless retransmission. Another object of the present invention is to provide a communication system that does not cause synchronization deviation between upper layer devices. 00 09142 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
  • the initiator device has a first communication processing layer device and a first upper layer device
  • the responder device connects the second communication processing layer device and the second upper layer device.
  • a reliable data transfer method performed between the initiator device and the responder device is obtained.
  • the reliable data transfer method includes: a step of supplying a start request from the first upper layer device to the first communication processing layer device; and a step of transmitting a start request from the first communication processing layer device supplied with the start request. Transmitting a start message to the second communication processing layer device; and starting from the second communication processing layer device having received the start message toward the second upper layer device, the start corresponding to the start message.
  • the initiator can perform a favorable round independent of the processing speed of the responder and external network factors. Trip time can be obtained. As a result, an accurate timer value can be set for the retransmission timer on the initiator side, and useless retransmission of the start message is prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a network configuration related to WAP
  • FIG. 2 is an example of a WTF protocol exchange based on a class 2 transaction when User Acknowledgement is not used
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of a WTP protocol exchange based on a class 2 transaction when User Acknowledgement is not used.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a WTP protocol exchange based on a class 1 transaction when User Acknowledgment is not used.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a WTP protocol exchange based on a class 1 transaction when User Acknowledgment is not used.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a case in which a synchronization shift occurs between two upper ⁇ devises.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a WTP protocol exchange based on a Class 1 transaction when User Acknowledgement is used
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a Class 2 traffic when User Acknowledgement is used
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a WTP protocol exchange based on a transaction
  • FIG. 9 is another diagram showing another example of a WTP protocol exchange based on a class 2 transaction when User Acknowledgement is used.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a WTP protocol exchange (class 1) for describing retransmission
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a WTP protocol exchange (class 2) for describing retransmission
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another example of the WTP protocol exchange (class 2) for describing retransmission
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a protocol change in the communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the initiator apparatus in the communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the responder apparatus in the communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a responder apparatus in the communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a protocol exchange in the communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the responder apparatus in the communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a responder apparatus in the communication system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of a protocol exchange in a communication system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the responder apparatus in the communication system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the output timing of the start confirmation.
  • the communication system includes an initiator apparatus 1 and a responder apparatus 2.
  • the initiator apparatus 1 is, for example, a WAP client in a WAP network, and performs transmission processing using a start request generated by an upper layer device included therein, ie, an application, as a start message.
  • the responder apparatus 2 is, for example, an origin server or a WAP gateway X proxy that operates according to WAP, receives a start message from the initiator apparatus 1, and returns a response to the request and a result.
  • the initiator apparatus 1 includes an upper layer device 11 and a start request processing.
  • the start request processing unit 12, the timer 13, the storage unit 14, the retransmission processing unit 15, the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17 and the result response processing unit 18 are the initiator.
  • the upper layer and the communication processing layer correspond to, for example, the WSP layer and the WTP layer in the WAP stack.
  • Examples of the message transmitting / receiving device 16 include a TCP layer device and a UDP layer device.
  • the upper layer device 11 can correspond to at least one application service.
  • the upper layer device 11 sends the communication start request generated there to the start request processing unit 12, and receives confirmation and a result for the request from the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17.
  • the upper layer device 11 supplies a result response to the result response processing unit 18 in order to transmit a result A ACK message.
  • the start request processing unit 12 sends the start request as a start message to the message transmitting / receiving device in order to transmit the start request given from the upper layer device 11 to the responder apparatus 2.
  • the start request processing unit 12 determines whether the start request also requests notification of a result from the responder apparatus, and notifies the determination result to the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17. .
  • the same start message is stored in the storage unit 14 and the timer 13 is started.
  • the timer 13 is started by the start request processing unit 12 and notifies the retransmission processing unit 15 that the time has expired when a predetermined time has elapsed. That is, timer 13 is a retransmission timer.
  • the storage unit 14 is used to store a start message as described above.
  • the stored start message is supplied to the retransmission processing unit 15.
  • the retransmission processing unit 15 stores the start message stored in the storage unit 14 when the timer 13 is started. Remove from 4 and send to message sending / receiving device 16 while starting timer 13 again.
  • the message transmitting / receiving device 16 includes a start request processing unit 12, a retransmission processing unit 15, and Processes the message such as the start message given from the result response processing unit 18 into a data signal corresponding to the message, and transmits the data signal to the responder apparatus 2. Further, the message transmitting / receiving device 16 processes the data signal received from the responder apparatus into a message format, and sends the message to the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17. Start confirmation ⁇ The result instruction processing unit 17 processes the message given from the message transmission / reception device 16 and sends a start confirmation and result response to the upper layer device 11, and the timer 13 To stop.
  • the result response processing unit 18 sends the result response given from the upper layer device 11 to the message transmitting / receiving device 16 as a result ACK message.
  • the message transmitting / receiving device 16 converts the result ACK message into a corresponding data signal, and transmits the converted data signal to the responder apparatus 2.
  • the responder apparatus 2 includes an upper layer device 201, a start instruction processing unit 202, a start response processing unit 203, a result request processing unit 204, Result confirmation processing unit 205, 3— (1 ⁇ transmission processing unit 206, U—ACK transmission processing unit 207, result transmission processing unit 208, timer 209, storage unit 2 10, a result retransmission processing section 2 11 1, and a message transmission / reception device 2 1 2. 04, result confirmation processing unit 205, 3— (1 ⁇ transmission processing unit 206, U—ACK transmission processing unit 207, result transmission processing unit 208, timer 209
  • the storage unit 210 and the result retransmission processing unit 211 constitute a communication processing layer device on the responder side.
  • the upper layer and the communication processing layer are, for example, WA P star Corresponding to W S P So ⁇ Pi WT P layer in click.
  • the message transmitting and receiving devices 2 1 such as T C P layer device or U D P layer device and the like.
  • the upper layer device 201 can correspond at least in part to the services provided by the upper layer device 11 on the initiator side.
  • the upper layer device 201 processes the start instruction notified from the start instruction processing unit 202, and generates a start response and a result request in response to the start instruction.
  • the generated start response is output to the start response processing unit 203, and the generated result request is output to the result request processing unit 204.
  • Initiator In order to obtain a response and a result to the instruction from the device 1, the upper layer device 201 may perform communication with another network, application processing, and the like.
  • the start instruction processing unit 202 receives the start message from the initiator apparatus 1 via the message transmitting / receiving device 212, and notifies the upper layer device 201 of the start instruction. At this time, the start instruction processing unit 202 according to the present embodiment sends the S-ACK message, which indicates the reception of the start message, to the initiator device 1 to the S-ACK transmission processing unit 206. , Request.
  • the start response processing unit 203 receives the start response from the upper layer device 201, the start response processing unit 203 responds to the start message from the upper layer device 201 to 11_ (11 transmission processing unit 207). Request to send a U-ACK back to initiator device 1 indicating that
  • the result request processing unit 204 Upon receiving the result request from the upper layer device 201, the result request processing unit 204 notifies the result transmission processing unit 208 of the supplied result request as a result message.
  • the result confirmation process 205 receives the result ACK message transmitted from the initiator corresponding to the result message via the message transmitting / receiving device 212, and notifies the upper layer device 201 of the result confirmation.
  • the timer 209 started by the result transmission processing unit 208 is stopped as described later.
  • the S—ACK transmission processing unit 206 generates a S—ACK message in response to a request from the start instruction processing unit 202, and sends the S—ACK message to the message transmitting / receiving device 212.
  • the U-ACK transmission processing unit 207 generates a U-ACK message in response to a request from the start response processing unit 202, and transmits the generated U-ACK message to the message transmitting / receiving device 2 1 2 Send to
  • the result transmission processing unit 208 sends the result message given from the result request processing unit 204 to the message transmission / reception device 212, and sends the result message to the message transmission / reception device 212 for the initiator device. Send to 1.
  • the result transmission processing unit 208 stores the same result message in the storage unit 210 and activates the timer 209.
  • the timer 209 is started by the result transmission processing unit 208 and, when a predetermined time elapses, notifies the result retransmission processing unit 211 that the time is up. That is, timer 209 operates as a retransmission timer on the responder side.
  • the storage unit 210 stores the result message given from the result transmission processing unit 208. Then, in response to a request from the result retransmission processing unit 211, the result message is delivered to the result retransmission processing unit.
  • the result retransmission processing unit 211 extracts the result message from the storage unit 210, and Send to 1 2
  • the message transmitting / receiving device 212 processes the data signal received from the message transmitting / receiving device 16 on the initiator side into a message format, and processes the message into a start instruction processing unit 202 and a result confirmation processing unit 205.
  • the message transmitting / receiving device 2 13 receives the message given from the S-ACK transmission processing unit 206, the U-ACK transmission processing unit 207, the result transmission processing unit 208, or the result retransmission processing unit 211.
  • the data signal is converted to a data signal, and the converted data signal is transmitted to the initiator device 1.
  • FIG. 14 shows a protocol exchange according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the initiator apparatus 1
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the operation of the responder apparatus 2.
  • the communication start request generated by the upper layer device 11 is supplied to the start request processing unit 12.
  • the start request processing unit 12 generates a start message to be transmitted to the responder apparatus 2.
  • the start request processing unit 12 gives the start message to the message transmitting / receiving device 16, starts the timer 13, and stores the start message in the storage unit 14 (see step A 1).
  • the activation of the timer and the stored message are always associated with each other. This is because it is assumed that retransmission processing is performed when the timer 13 times out, and in this retransmission processing, an appropriate start message is retransmitted.
  • the message transmitting / receiving device 16 When the start message is supplied, the message transmitting / receiving device 16 performs, for example, path control, link control, modulation, etc., and transmits the start message to the responder apparatus 2 (see step A2). Thereafter, the initiator apparatus 1 enters an event waiting state (see step A3).
  • the initiator apparatus 1 Upon detecting an event, the initiator apparatus 1 operates according to the detected event (see step A4). 2 If the detected event is the time-up of the timer 13, the retransmission processing unit 15 obtains a start message corresponding to the time measurement from the storage unit 14, and sends the message to the Resend the start message to. At the same time, the retransmission processing unit 15 restarts the timer 13 (see step A5). By setting the maximum number of times or the maximum time for this retransmission, retransmission can be prevented from being repeated indefinitely.
  • the start confirmation / result indication processing unit 17 stops the timer 13 (see step A6), and the received ACK message is U_ACK or S—AC. Determine whether it is K (see step A7).
  • the start confirmation 'result instruction processing unit 17 does not notify the upper layer device 11 of the reception of the ACK message, and the initiator device 1 It returns to the event waiting state again.
  • the start confirmation and result instruction processing unit 17 notifies the upper layer device 11 of the start confirmation (see step A8).
  • the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17 determines whether the previously transmitted start message also requests the responder apparatus 2 for a result message (see step A9). If it is determined that the result message may reach the initiator device 1, the initiator device 1 enters the event waiting state again, and otherwise terminates the data transfer process.
  • the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17 stops the timer 13 if the timer 13 is operating (see step A10). Then, the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17 notifies the upper layer device 11 of the result instruction (see step A11). When the upper layer device 11 outputs a result response, the result response processing unit 18 returns a result ACK message to the responder apparatus 2 via the message transmitting / receiving device 16 (see step A12), and the data transfer processing is performed. To end.
  • the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17 if the U-ACK message has not yet been received when the result message is received, the start confirmation / result instruction processing unit 17 notifies the upper layer device 11 of the start confirmation. .
  • Responder device 2 sends a start message Upon reception (see step Bl), the start instruction processing unit 202 notifies the upper layer device 201 of a start instruction, and the S-ACK transmission processing unit 206 receives the message transmission / reception device 21 2. Return S-ACK message to initiator device 1 via 2
  • the responder apparatus 2 enters an event waiting state.
  • the event may occur after this: the upper layer device 201 supplies a start response, the upper layer device 201 supplies a result request, the timer 209 times up, and starts.
  • ACK message is received from the user apparatus 1.
  • the responder device 2 When the responder device 2 detects the event, it operates according to the detected event (see step B4).
  • the start response processing unit 203 notifies the U-ACK transmission processing unit 207 of the detection of the event.
  • the U—ACK transmission processing unit 207 returns a U—ACK message to the initiator apparatus 1 via the message transmitting / receiving device 212 (see step B5).
  • the responder apparatus 2 determines whether or not the supply of the result request continues as in a WTP class 2 transaction, for example (see step B6). If it is determined that a result message may be transmitted, the responder apparatus 2 enters an event waiting state. On the other hand, if there is no possibility, the responder apparatus 2 ends the data transfer processing.
  • the result request processing unit 204 When the detected event is the supply of the result request, the result request processing unit 204 notifies the result transmission processing unit 208 of the detection of the event. In response to the notification, the result transmission processing unit 208 sends a result message, starts the timer 209, and stores the result message in the storage unit 210 (see step B7). That is, in this embodiment, if the result request is supplied before the start response is supplied from the upper layer device 201, the result message is transmitted without transmitting the U-ACK (User Acknowledgement) message. become.
  • U-ACK User Acknowledgement
  • the retransmission of the result message is performed according to the same procedure as the retransmission of the start message in the initiator apparatus 1. That is, when the timer 209 times out, the result retransmission processing unit 211 retransmits the result message to the initiator device 1 and restarts the timer 209 (see step B7). Where step B 7 is the result 9142 Although the storage of the message is included, the storage of the result message does not have to be performed in the time-up process.
  • the result confirmation processing unit 205 stops the timer 209 (see step B8). Then, the responder apparatus 2 ends the data transfer process.
  • the ACK message to the initiator of the transaction includes an S-ACK message indicating reception of the start message and a U-ACK message indicating that the responder has responded to the start message.
  • a type of ACK message was defined.
  • the responder returns a S—A ACK message to the initiator immediately after receiving the start message, so that the initiator can obtain a round trip time that is independent of the processing speed of the responder and external network factors. This makes it possible to set an accurate timer value in the retransmission timer on the initiator side, and to prevent useless retransmission of the start message.
  • the U-ACK message feature allows the upper layer device of the responder to be synchronized with the upper layer device of the initiator.
  • the wording used in the first embodiment is annotated.
  • “request”, “instruction”, “response”, and “confirmation” following “start” and “result” are communication processing—services exchanged between the device and the upper layer device. Indicates a primitive. Since the "start” service is started from the initiator and the “result” service is started from the responder, they are described as “start request” and “result request”, respectively.
  • the initiation request indicates a request that the upper layer device of the initiator transmits a specific PDU (Protocol Data Unit) to a specific destination.
  • PDU Protocol Data Unit
  • an identifier is used to distinguish a series of transactions started from this start request from other transactions.
  • the receiver sets the identifier when receiving the start message. Since these identifiers are used verbally, they are kept separately by the sender's receiver.
  • the result request is a request to send a PDU for the result of the transaction corresponding to the identifier using the identifier set when the start message was received. 9142 is shown.
  • a request is simply a request to send a PDU.
  • the PDU of the start request includes the meaning "I want to transfer the file at a certain URL (Uniform Resource Locator)".
  • “OK” will be included in the corresponding start response, and the file corresponding to the URL will be included in the PDU of the corresponding result request.
  • the URL is a notation method for uniquely specifying a storage location of an information resource such as a file distributed on the Internet. The same applies to the service primitives exchanged between the communication processing layer and the upper layer in other embodiments described later.
  • the initiator device is the same as that according to the first embodiment.
  • the responder apparatus 3 according to the present embodiment further includes a message holding unit 213 in addition to the configuration of the responder apparatus 2 shown in FIG.
  • the transmission processing unit 207, the result transmission processing unit 208, the timer 209, the storage unit 210, the result retransmission processing unit 211, and the message holding unit 213 form a communication processing layer device on the responder side.
  • the upper layer and the communication processing layer correspond to, for example, the WSP layer and the WTP layer in the WAP stack.
  • Examples of the message transmitting / receiving device 212 include a TCP layer device or a UDP device.
  • the message holding unit 213 is notified from the start instruction processing unit 202 as to whether or not the start message transmitted from the initiator apparatus 1 is to prompt the transmission of the result message. Also, the message holding unit 213 is supplied with an ACK message and a request to send a result message from the start response processing unit 203 and the result request processing unit 204. If there is a possibility that a result message may be transmitted according to the notification from the start instruction processing unit 202, the message holding unit 213 receives the U-ACK message transmission request from the start response processing unit 203, for example. U—AC The transmission request to the K transmission processing unit 207 is not made. Then, the message holding unit 213 waits until receiving a result message transmission request from the result request processing unit 204. Then, upon receiving the transmission request from the result request processing unit 204, the message holding unit 213 prompts only the result transmission processing unit 208 to transmit only the result message (see FIG. 18).
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing the operation of the responder apparatus 3.
  • the operation of the initiator apparatus 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the responder apparatus 3 When the responder apparatus 3 receives the start message (see step B1), the start instruction processing unit 202 notifies the upper layer device 201 of the start instruction, and the S-ACK transmission processing unit 206 transmits the message via the message transmission / reception device 212. Then, an S-ACK message is returned to the initiator apparatus 1 (see step B2). Thereafter, the responder apparatus 3 enters an event waiting state.
  • events that may occur after this are supply of a start response by the upper layer device 201, supply of a result request by the upper layer device 201, time-up of the timer 209, and a result A CK message from the initiator apparatus 1. Receiving.
  • the responder apparatus 3 When the responder apparatus 3 detects the event, it operates according to the detected event (see step B4).
  • the U-ACK message is immediately returned in the first embodiment described above.
  • the message holding unit 213 selects the next process according to the determination of the start instruction processing unit 202 (step B9). reference). If there is no possibility that the result message will be transmitted, the message holding unit 213 causes the U-ACK transmission processing unit 207 to transmit the U-ACK message to the initiator device (see step B10).
  • responder apparatus 3 ends the data transfer processing.
  • the message holding unit 2 13 does not notify the U-ACK transmission processing unit 2 07 of anything. As a result, the U-ACK message is not transmitted, and the responder apparatus 3 enters an event waiting state.
  • the result request processing unit 204 When the detected event is the supply of the result request, the result request processing unit 204 notifies the result transmission processing unit 208 of the detection of the event. In response to the notification, the result transmission processing unit 208 sends a result message, starts the timer 209, and stores the result message in the storage unit 210 (see step B7). As described above, if there is a possibility that a result message will be sent, no UACK message is sent. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since the initiator apparatus 1 has transmitted the result message, it is regarded that the ⁇ —ACK message and the result message have been received. The retransmission of the result message is performed according to the same procedure as the retransmission of the start message in the initiator apparatus 1.
  • step # 7 includes saving the result message, but saving this result message may not be performed in the time-up process.
  • the result confirmation processing unit 205 stops the timer 209 (see step No. 8). Then, the responder apparatus 3 ends the data transfer processing.
  • the responder when the responder returns a result message to the initiator, the UACK message is not transmitted. Instead, sending the result message is considered to have sent both the result message and the U-ACK message. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the number of messages to be transmitted is reduced, and transmission efficiency can be improved.
  • the initiator device is the same as that according to the first embodiment.
  • the responder apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment has a timer 2 14 and a timer 2 in addition to the configuration of the responder apparatus 2 shown in FIG. 15 and a transmission determination processing unit 2 16.
  • the start instruction processing unit 202, the start response processing unit 203, the result request processing unit 204, the result confirmation processing unit 205, the S-ACK transmission processing unit 206, and 11_ transmission The processing unit 207, the result transmission processing unit 208, the timer 209, the storage unit 210, the result retransmission processing unit 211, the timer 214, the timer 214, and the transmission determination processing unit 216
  • the upper layer and the communication processing layer correspond to, for example, a WSP layer and a WTP layer in a WAP stack, etc.
  • Examples of the message transmission / reception device 212 include a TCP layer device and a UDP layer device. No.
  • the timer 214 is started by the start instruction processing unit 202, and notifies the transmission determination processing unit 216 of time-up when a preset time has elapsed.
  • the timer 215 is started by the transmission determination processing unit 216, and notifies the transmission determination processing unit 216 of time-up when a preset time has elapsed.
  • the time set in the timer 215 is longer than the time set in the timer 214.
  • the transmission determination processing unit 216 receives a notification of time-up from the timer 214 and the timer 215. Further, transmission determination processing section 216 receives a transmission request of an S-ACK message from start instruction processing section 202, receives a transmission request of a U-ACK message from start response processing section 203. A request to transmit a result message is received from the unit 204. Then, the transmission determination processing unit 204 adjusts the transmission request of the S-ACK message, the U-ACK message, and the result message according to the timing of those requests. Specifically, the transmission determination processing unit 204, upon receiving those requests, sends any of the S-ACK transmission processing unit 206, the 11-input 1 ⁇ transmission processing unit 207, or the result transmission processing unit 208.
  • the transmission determination processing unit 204 may activate the timer 215 according to the determination result of the start instruction processing unit 202.
  • FIG. 21 shows a protocol exchange according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing the operation of the responder apparatus 4. What Since the operation of the initiator apparatus 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
  • the timer 214 is started (see step C2). That is, in the present embodiment, the SACK message is not returned immediately upon receiving the start message.
  • the start instruction processing unit 202 interprets the start message and determines whether or not the initiator apparatus 1 expects to transmit a result message. Thereafter, the start instruction processing unit 202 notifies the transmission determination processing unit 216 of the determination result.
  • the responder apparatus 4 enters an event waiting state (see step C3), and thereafter, the responder apparatus 4 operates according to the detected event (see step C4). If 4 is in the first event wait state, the events that can occur at this point are: timer 2 14 times out, start response from upper layer device 201, result request from upper layer device 201 It is.
  • step C5 it is determined whether or not timer 215 is operating. If this event is detected immediately after the first event wait, the timer 215 is not running, and an S-A ACK message will be sent (see step C6). Thereafter, the responder apparatus 4 enters the event waiting state again.
  • the transmission determination processing unit 2 16 determines whether the result message can be transmitted according to the notification from the start instruction processing unit 202 (step C 7). reference). If there is no possibility of transmitting the result message, the transmission judgment processing unit 216 causes the U-ACK transmission processing unit 207 to transmit the U-ACK message (see step C8), and the responder device 4 The data transfer process ends. When there is a possibility that the result message can be transmitted, the transmission determination processing unit 2 16 starts the timer 2 15 (see step C9). As a result, the responder apparatus 4 enters a new event waiting state.
  • Time-up of timer 214 can only occur if a start response occurs before timer 214 times out and timer 215 is started.
  • the timer 215 is operating as described above (see step C5). At this point, since the timer 215 has been activated, a U-ACK message is transmitted (see step C10). Thereafter, the responder apparatus 4 enters the event waiting state again.
  • step C11 it is determined whether a U-ACK message has already been transmitted.
  • the set time of the timer 215 is set longer than the set time of the timer 214. Therefore, the U-ACK message may have already been transmitted in step C10. Therefore, the judgment in step CI 1 is required. If the U-ACK message has not been transmitted yet (see step CI 1), the U-ACK message is transmitted at this point (see step C12).
  • the responder device 4 operates in a manner similar to the responder device 2 according to the first embodiment described above. However, in this embodiment, if the timers 214 and Z or the timer 215 are running, the timers 214 and Z or the timer 215 are stopped. Specifically, when the result request processing unit 204 is supplied with a start request from the upper layer device 201, the transmission determination processing unit 216 determines whether or not the timer 214 is operating (see step C13). If the timer 214 is operating, the timer 214 is stopped (see step C14).
  • the transmission determination processing unit 216 determines whether or not the timer 215 is operating (see step C15), and if the timer 215 is operating, stops the timer 215 (step C16). reference). After that, the transmission determination processing section 216 issues a result message transmission request to the result transmission processing section 208.
  • the result transmission processing unit 208 transmits the result message via the message transmitting / receiving device 212 and starts the timer 209. Further, result transmission processing section 208 stores the transmitted result message in storage section 210 (see step C17). Then the responder device 4 enters the event waiting state.
  • the result retransmission processing unit 211 retrieves the result message from the storage unit 210, and outputs the result via the message transmitting / receiving device 212. Send a message (see step C18). Thereafter, the responder apparatus 4 enters an event waiting state.
  • the result confirmation processing unit 205 stops the timer 209 (see step C19). Then, the responder apparatus 4 ends the data transfer processing.
  • the initiator device and the responder device described in the above-described first to third embodiments may be configured by a processor, a memory, and a program.
  • the program when executed by the processor, the program includes software X instructions for causing the processor to operate as an initiator device or a responder device, and to perform the above-described processes.
  • Such a program may be recorded on a recording medium readable by a processor.
  • the recording medium is, for example, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like.
  • the start confirmation is always notified to the initiator's upper layer device 11 in a state where the response of the responder's upper layer device 201 is obtained. Accordingly, by supplying the start confirmation, the upper layer device 11 of the initiator can know that the upper layer device 201 of the responder has responded.
  • the notification timing of the start confirmation may be changed.
  • the upper layer device 11 of the initiator when the upper layer device 11 of the initiator supplies a start request to the communication processing layer device (specifically, the start request processing unit 12) of the initiator, PT / JP00 / 09142 Confirmation result instruction processing unit 17 immediately notifies starter upper layer device 11 of start confirmation.
  • the upper layer device 11 of the initiator can know that the lower layer has received the start request by receiving the start confirmation.
  • the start confirmation result instruction processing unit 17 upon confirming the reception of the S-ACK message, notifies the upper layer device 11 of the start confirmation.
  • the S-ACK message indicates that the responder apparatus has received the start message. Therefore, in the second case, the upper layer device 11 can know that the responder apparatus has received the start message by receiving the start confirmation.
  • start confirmation result instruction processing section 17 upon confirming reception of the U-ACK message, notifies start confirmation to upper layer device 11.
  • the U-ACK message indicates that the host device 201 in the responder apparatus has responded to the start message. Therefore, in the third case, the upper layer device 11 can know that the upper layer device 201 of the responder apparatus has returned a response to the start message by receiving the start confirmation.
  • the timing at which the start confirmation result instruction processing unit 17 notifies the upper layer device 11 of the start confirmation can be changed. .
  • WTP has a function called User Acknowledgement as an option.
  • the timing of the third case may be adopted, and when not using the function, the timing of the first case or the second case may be adopted.
  • the variation of the round trip time for the start message observed by the initiator is reduced, and the retransmission of the start message is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, deux types de messages ACK permettant de démarrer une opération sont définis: un message S-ACK correspondant à la réception d'un message de départ et un U-ACK correspondant à la réponse d'un appelé au message de départ. Immédiatement après réception du message de départ, l'appelé envoie un message S-ACK à l'appelant et, conséquemment, l'appelant est informé du taux de traitement du côté de l'appelé et la durée totale de l'opération, indépendamment du facteur de réseau extérieur. Une valeur de chronométrage appropriée peut être définie dans le chronométreur de renvoi du côté de l'appelant, ce qui empêche le renvoi inutile du message de départ.
PCT/JP2000/009142 1999-12-22 2000-12-22 Procede de transfert de donnees fiable WO2001047214A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU24013/01A AU2401301A (en) 1999-12-22 2000-12-22 Reliable data transfer method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11/363688 1999-12-22
JP36368899 1999-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001047214A1 true WO2001047214A1 (fr) 2001-06-28

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0442656A (ja) * 1990-06-08 1992-02-13 Hitachi Ltd Ｉｓｄｎ呼制御方式
JPH04207556A (ja) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-29 Fujitsu Ltd Ｉｓｄｎ端末のメッセージ通知方法
JPH0530150A (ja) * 1991-07-24 1993-02-05 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 通信制御方法
JPH05122278A (ja) * 1991-10-30 1993-05-18 Nec Corp 交換機の端末制御方式
JPH06169329A (ja) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-14 Omron Corp 割り込みパケットの応答方式
JPH0832624A (ja) * 1994-07-20 1996-02-02 Nec Eng Ltd レイヤ２レベルのリンク確立方式
JPH10136053A (ja) * 1996-10-24 1998-05-22 Nippon Denki Ido Tsushin Kk 確認形情報転送におけるデータ再送方法
JPH1141320A (ja) * 1997-07-18 1999-02-12 Fujitsu Ltd Ｔｃａｐプロトコルを用いた通信装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0442656A (ja) * 1990-06-08 1992-02-13 Hitachi Ltd Ｉｓｄｎ呼制御方式
JPH04207556A (ja) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-29 Fujitsu Ltd Ｉｓｄｎ端末のメッセージ通知方法
JPH0530150A (ja) * 1991-07-24 1993-02-05 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 通信制御方法
JPH05122278A (ja) * 1991-10-30 1993-05-18 Nec Corp 交換機の端末制御方式
JPH06169329A (ja) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-14 Omron Corp 割り込みパケットの応答方式
JPH0832624A (ja) * 1994-07-20 1996-02-02 Nec Eng Ltd レイヤ２レベルのリンク確立方式
JPH10136053A (ja) * 1996-10-24 1998-05-22 Nippon Denki Ido Tsushin Kk 確認形情報転送におけるデータ再送方法
JPH1141320A (ja) * 1997-07-18 1999-02-12 Fujitsu Ltd Ｔｃａｐプロトコルを用いた通信装置

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