WO2001022004A1 - Four de combustion - Google Patents

Four de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001022004A1
WO2001022004A1 PCT/SE2000/001821 SE0001821W WO0122004A1 WO 2001022004 A1 WO2001022004 A1 WO 2001022004A1 SE 0001821 W SE0001821 W SE 0001821W WO 0122004 A1 WO0122004 A1 WO 0122004A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
jacket
space
gas combustion
combustion
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2000/001821
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anders Granudde
Original Assignee
Kubi Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kubi Ab filed Critical Kubi Ab
Priority to AU76958/00A priority Critical patent/AU7695800A/en
Publication of WO2001022004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001022004A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/38—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel on a grate or other fuel support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/24—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using rotating grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/32—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber rotating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion furnace of the type stated in claim 1.
  • a combustion furnace for incinerating fuel that preferably comprises solid fuel, e.g. fossil fuels, is considered to be an arrangement of very simple design that essentially includes two separate zones for vaporising the fuel, i.e. transforming the chemical energy bound up in the fuel to heat energy. These sections or zones in principle include a furnace and a gas combustion zone.
  • the air that is supplied to the furnace and that participates in the formation of gas is named primary air.
  • the gases that are formed in the furnace still include the major part of the energy of the fuel and need a high temperature to be completely combusted. This complete combustion takes place in the so-called gas combustion chamber where extra oxygen is provided by introducing so-called secondary combustion air.
  • combustion time refers to the time it takes for the fumes to make their way through the gas combustion chamber.
  • Prolonging the time spent in the oven normally takes place by leading the secondary air into the gas combustion space at a tangent or by the fumes emitted from the furnace being led by guides in the gas combustion space so that the fumes are brought to move in a vortex or screw-like manner through the gas combustion space.
  • the gases rotating in the chamber are separated according to their temperature and specific weight, whereby the supplied secondary combustion air, which is colder than the hot combustion fumes, distributes itself along the insides of the gas combustion space while the significantly hotter fumes can be found concentrated in the centre of the space from which they can be led out. In this way, over-heating of the walls of the gas combustion chamber can also be avoided.
  • the secondary combustion air that is introduced at a tangent supports or amplifies the natural Coriolis effect that, due to the thermal and dynamic forces that arise in the oven, creates vortex formations of very hot gases in the centre of the combustion space.
  • the vortex formation in the middle or centre of the space arises due to the effect obtained from the Coriolis force, which is that gases that move towards an area with lower pressure always defect to the right as viewed by the observer.
  • the condition named above applies to movements of gas that take place in the Northern Hemisphere, whereby the opposite condition applies in the Southern Hemisphere.
  • vortexes are formed around the defined low pressure areas that in the Northern Hemisphere rotate anti-clockwise and thus in a direction that coincides with the direction of rotation of the earth.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of a longitudinal cross-section of a furnace according to the invention for burning solid fuels
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through the combustion space along the line II-II in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a furnace according to the present invention. It includes a furnace hearth with associated grating, generally designated with the reference number 1 , that via the gas combustion area 2 located above it is connected so that gas can be transmitted to a section for a heated medium for heat exchange with a medium such as water or steam.
  • the furnace hearth 1 as well as the gas combustion space 2 are arranged with inlets generally designated with the reference numbers 3, 4 for introducing primary respectively secondary combustion air, plus an inlet duct 5 arranged for supplying fuel whose one end is connected to a fuel store (not shown in the figures) and whose other end is arranged to open downwards towards the grating device of the furnace hearth 1.
  • a fuel store not shown in the figures
  • the first and second rotation surfaces 6 and 7 respectively that outwardly demarcate the furnace hearth 1 and the gas combustion space 2 are themselves accommodated in an outer space 8 that is demarcated by an enveloping jacket 9. At its upper end, this jacket 9 is connected to a flange 10 that forms part of a pipe-shaped outlet 11 exiting from the gas combustion space 2, and at its lower end it is demarcated by the bottom 12.
  • the enclosure demarcated by the said rotating surfaces 6 and 7 and that defines the furnace hearth 1 and the gas combustion space 2 has a rotationally symmetric design and primarily the shape of half a globe.
  • the first rotation surface 6 includes a stationary upper jacket formed from sheet metal that can most closely be described as a lid that in a collar-like manner is connected to the lower end of the outlet 11.
  • the second rotating surface 7 that forms the lower part of the enclosure is demarcated by a lower jacket formed from sheet metal.
  • This lower jacket 7 which has a shape that most closely resembles a bowl, is supported in an overhung manner by an axle 13 that is mounted to rotate via a bearing 14 in the bottom 12 for turning around a centre axis 15 that extends perpendicularly through the furnace hearth and the gas combustion space as illustrated by the loop 16 with an arrow attached.
  • the upper edge section running around the top of the rotatable lower jacket 7 joins with the lower edge section running around the stationary upper jacket 6 in an essentially gas-tight manner so that the said jacket sections 6, 7 can rotate between themselves within a plane that is oriented at right angles to the centre axis 15 while keeping the hot gases within the enclosure that forms the furnace hearth 1 and the gas combustion space 2.
  • the insides of the stationary upper jacket 6 and the rotatable lower jacket 7 are provided with a lining 18 of a suitable material that tolerates high temperatures, e.g. a ceramic.
  • the primary and secondary combustion air is led in a common way into the outer space 8 via a number of pipe projections 19 that extend through the jacket 9 and that for this purpose are connected to a source (not shown in the figure) that generates forced air flow.
  • Axle 13 is provided with an impeller 20 that, for driving the said axle and thereby also the lower rotatable jacket 7 in a rotary manner, is arranged to be affected by the flow of air that flows in to the outer space 8 via the pipe projections 19.
  • the bearings 14 and the impeller 20 As the inflowing primary and secondary combustion air sweeps over the axle 13, the bearings 14 and the impeller 20, an effective and continuous cooling of these parts is obtained, at the same time as the supplied air is pre-heated to a certain degree.
  • the said flow of air is appropriately and in a.
  • a glow body 21 that is rotatable and fed by electric current is positioned in the bottom of the rotatable jacket 7 using slip rings or other known means and is arranged to project out somewhat from the inside of the rotatable jacket 7 in a direction towards the centre of the jacket.
  • the primary task of this glow body 21 is to facilitate the start-up of the furnace, but also to a certain extent to support its operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a channel 22 that is found in the form of drilled holes adjacent to the glow body 21 and that is arranged to extend through a part of the axle 13 and the bottom of the rotatable jacket 7.
  • This channel 22 is connected with the outer space 8 and thus forms an air inlet 3 that is used for introducing the primary combustion air to the furnace hearth 1.
  • a number of channels 23 are arranged that, on closer inspection of Fig. 2, will be seen to be connected to the outer space and that thus form the air inlets 4 that are used for introducing secondary combustion air into the gas combustion space 2.
  • the secondary combustion air introduced through the channels 23 is brought to circulate in a screw-like manner along the insides of the rotatable jacket 7 down towards the furnace hearth 1 situated in the bottom of the this with a direction of movement that is opposite to the direction of movement of the rotatable jacket 7, which is illustrated with the arrow 24 in Fig. 2.
  • the lower jacket 7 thus rotates anti-clockwise at the same time as the introduced combustion air is brought to circulate clockwise along the insides of the said jacket 7, which is illustrated by the arrows 25 in Fig. 2.
  • the directions of rotation chosen achieve an interaction between the rotatable jacket 7 and the vortexes 26 that arise in the centre of this due to the Coriolis force.
  • the formation of vortexes in the centre is amplified or rather initiated, which is advantageous, not least because the Coriolis forces that arise are comparatively small.
  • the said vortex formation is also supported by the section of the glow body 21 that has a certain projection in towards the furnace hearth 1.
  • the gas masses rotating in the enclosure have different temperatures, whereby the differences in the temperature gradient vary in such a way that the relatively hotter gases can be found concentrated at the area of the centre axis 15 of the gas combustion space 2, while the colder and therefore heavier gases are concentrated at the inside of the enclosure or its inner periphery.
  • the gases have a density that increases radially outwards from the centre axis 15.
  • the lighter heated gasses in the centre of the enclosure flow upwards outlet 11 while executing a screw-like motion, which is illustrated by the lines of flow 26 in Fig. 1.
  • the heated gases in the centre of the furnace hearth 1 as well as in the gas combustion space 2 can freely move upwards towards the outlet duct 11.
  • the amplification of the vortex movements that are obtained according to the invention are to a large extent dependent on the flow of the air that is introduced into the gas combustion space. In other words, a large flow gives a significantly higher effect and therefore also a higher efficiency in the combustion furnace according to the invention.
  • the duct 5 for supplying fuel down towards the furnace hearth 1 also extends through the stationary upper jacket 6. As the lower jacket 7 rotates, the fuel fed in will be distributed evenly and finely on the bottom of the rotatable jacket 7 and thus also in the area of the grate of the furnace hearth 1. Even if it is not shown in the figure, it can be mentioned that the duct 5 for supplying fuel is connected to a fuel store and that a device for regulating the amount of fuel supplied is arranged at this, whereby the parts that are included in the fuel feeding unit are designed so that there is a break, for example in the form of a fall shaft or similar, between the fuel store and the furnace hearth to prevent fire progressing backwards.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un four de combustion conçu spécialement pour brûler du combustible solide, finement séparé, par exemple sous la forme de granules, comprenant la sole (1) de four reliée à un espace (2) de combustion de gaz, les gaz pouvant ainsi être émis, et une sortie (11) placée à la suite dans le sens de l'écoulement des fumées évacuées, une grille placée sur la sole du four que l'on peut alimenter avec du combustible à partir d'un stock de combustible, ainsi que des entrées (3, 4) pour l'alimentation d'air régulée qui consiste en au moins un air de combustion primaire et un air de combustion secondaire, ce dernier étant fourni de façon à tourner de manière hélicoïdale dans l'espace de combustion de gaz. Pour améliorer la commande et l'efficacité de la combustion, l'enveloppe qui marque l'extérieur de l'espace (2) de combustion de gaz est montée rotative et disposée tournante autour d'un axe (15) de préférence perpendiculaire, mais pas nécessairement, le sens de la rotation de l'enveloppe est choisi de façon qu'il coïncide avec celui de la formation du tourbillon créé au centre de l'espace de combustion de gaz par l'action de la force de Coriolis.
PCT/SE2000/001821 1999-09-24 2000-09-20 Four de combustion WO2001022004A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU76958/00A AU7695800A (en) 1999-09-24 2000-09-20 Combustion furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9903468A SE521216C2 (sv) 1999-09-24 1999-09-24 Förbränningsugn med roterande botten
SE9903468-8 1999-09-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001022004A1 true WO2001022004A1 (fr) 2001-03-29

Family

ID=20417147

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2000/001821 WO2001022004A1 (fr) 1999-09-24 2000-09-20 Four de combustion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7695800A (fr)
SE (1) SE521216C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001022004A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009014010A1 (de) * 2009-03-19 2010-10-07 Georg Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Brenner für festes, stückiges Brennmaterial

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2948237A (en) * 1958-02-17 1960-08-09 Florian C Toepel Revolving hearth for a combustion chamber
GB1254489A (en) * 1968-05-15 1971-11-24 Jerry Stewart Lausmann Reducing smoke from incinerators
US4291634A (en) * 1980-05-29 1981-09-29 Union Carbide Corporation Solid refuse disposal apparatus
JPS576204A (en) * 1980-06-13 1982-01-13 Ogata Isayoshi Combustion device of boiler
WO1989012786A1 (fr) * 1988-06-14 1989-12-28 Hultgren Karl S H Dispositif pour la combustion de combustibles solides, comprenant une chambre de combustion pourvue d'inserts destines a reguler l'alimentation en air de combustion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2948237A (en) * 1958-02-17 1960-08-09 Florian C Toepel Revolving hearth for a combustion chamber
GB1254489A (en) * 1968-05-15 1971-11-24 Jerry Stewart Lausmann Reducing smoke from incinerators
US4291634A (en) * 1980-05-29 1981-09-29 Union Carbide Corporation Solid refuse disposal apparatus
JPS576204A (en) * 1980-06-13 1982-01-13 Ogata Isayoshi Combustion device of boiler
WO1989012786A1 (fr) * 1988-06-14 1989-12-28 Hultgren Karl S H Dispositif pour la combustion de combustibles solides, comprenant une chambre de combustion pourvue d'inserts destines a reguler l'alimentation en air de combustion

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 6, no. 65 (M - 124) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009014010A1 (de) * 2009-03-19 2010-10-07 Georg Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Brenner für festes, stückiges Brennmaterial
DE102009014010B4 (de) * 2009-03-19 2012-02-23 Georg Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Brenner für festes, stückiges Brennmaterial

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7695800A (en) 2001-04-24
SE9903468D0 (sv) 1999-09-24
SE9903468L (sv) 2001-03-25
SE521216C2 (sv) 2003-10-14

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