WO2001020333A1 - Marqueur de tumeur pour les cancers a un stade precoce - Google Patents
Marqueur de tumeur pour les cancers a un stade precoce Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001020333A1 WO2001020333A1 PCT/JP2000/006147 JP0006147W WO0120333A1 WO 2001020333 A1 WO2001020333 A1 WO 2001020333A1 JP 0006147 W JP0006147 W JP 0006147W WO 0120333 A1 WO0120333 A1 WO 0120333A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57484—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumor, cancer, neoplasia, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides, metabolites
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/475—Assays involving growth factors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tumor marker for detecting early stage cancer.
- Early cancer is basically asymptomatic. Therefore, a near-complete detection of early cancer would be a test on asymptomatic subjects. Screening for a wide range of asymptomatic subjects to find patients with a particular disease, or to narrow down those who need more advanced secondary testing, is generally called screening and screening. Calling. Screening generally involves an extremely large number of test subjects. In order to test a large number of test subjects, it must first be simple and economical. Although the tumor marker test is a suitable test method with little invasiveness to the patient, at this time, it is usually impossible to detect early cancer by measuring the tumor marker.
- Mitudocaine (hereinafter referred to as “MK”) is a growth differentiation factor discovered as a product of a retinoic acid responsive gene. It is a 13-kDa polypeptide rich in basic amino acids and cysteine (Kadomatsu, K. et al. : Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 151: 1312-1318; Tomomura, M. et al .: J. Biol. Chem., 265: 10765-10770, 1990). MK plays an important role in carcinogenesis because it is enhanced in various malignancies compared to normal tissues around it. Is suggested.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel polypeptide useful as a marker for early cancer. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting early cancer using the polypeptide as an indicator. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide an in vitro diagnostic agent for early cancer that can detect the polypeptide.
- MK levels detected by anti-MK antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma patients are not only found in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, but also in blood and urine compared to healthy subjects and hepatitis patients. Even so, it was found that hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly increased at an early stage.
- MK levels in blood and urine significantly increased at an early stage as in liver cancer.
- serum MK levels are significantly increased in the early stage of cancer. I found that. In other words, it indicates that MK has a very wide spectrum that is not found in known tumor markers for detecting unspecified cancer.
- EIA can detect MK levels that appear in the body fluid of patients at an early stage with high sensitivity for all cancers, enabling screening diagnosis of early cancers.
- EIA can be fully automated and is very useful as a method for measuring MK for the detection of early stage cancer.
- the present invention relates to the following methods for detecting early cancer, or methods for diagnosing early cancer, and diagnostic agents and kits for these methods.
- An agent for diagnosing early cancer comprising an antibody that recognizes mitodocaine and / or a fragment thereof.
- An early cancer detection kit for determining the presence of mitodkine and / or a fragment thereof in a biological sample, wherein the kit is specific for at least one epitope of midkine and / or a fragment thereof.
- An early cancer detection kit comprising a container that contains an antibody that binds to a cancer.
- step b) a step of associating the measurement value obtained in step a) with the prognosis of cancer; [14] the method of [13], wherein the cancer is stomach cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, or lung cancer.
- “Early cancer” is defined as being localized to the local area (intramucosal) where the tumor has developed, and having no invasion to surrounding tissues, or, if infiltrated, limited to a localized area. In particular, those in which no invasion is observed are important detection targets in the present invention because it is difficult to detect the presence of a known tumor marker.
- This definition can be applied to most cancers such as skin, oral cavity, respiratory tract, digestive tract, cervix, ovary, gallbladder, and bladder.
- Early cancers include TNM stages 0 (carcinoma in situ) and stage I, in which there is no intravascular invasion or distant metastasis and can be cured by local tumor resection alone.
- tumor marker 1 refers to a substance produced by a tumor cell or a cell in response to its presence, and is found in tissues, body fluids, excretions, etc., and the presence, properties, spread, etc. of the tumor It is defined as a substance that can be used as an indicator of some property of a tumor.
- MK includes full-length MK protein and fragments having an amino acid sequence of any length having the biological activity of MK. Mutant MK lacking the N domain is expressed specifically in cancer (Kaname T. et al .: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 219: 256-260, 1996), and also includes such mutant MK . MK produced by genetic recombination technology and chemically synthesized MK are used interchangeably in this specification. You can. The DNA sequence encoding human full length MK is known (US Pat. No. 5,461,029). The biological activity of MK includes not only the physiological effect of MK on cells, but also the immunological reactivity with anti-MK antibody.
- “Sensitivity” is the ratio of positive values in the group where the tumor is present, and is also called the positive rate.
- Specificity is the ratio of negative values in the group without tumor, also called the negative rate.
- Biological sample means a sample obtainable from an organism. More specifically, examples include blood, serum, urine, and other secretions. Of these biological samples, urine is useful as a less invasive sample. Since urine volume varies widely, it is desirable to correct urine volume in order to compare urine component concentrations more accurately. Techniques such as creatinine correction are known as methods for correcting urine output.
- Stage classification is generally used internationally by the TNM classification (tumor-node-metastasis staging) as a classification based on the degree of macroscopic progression of cancer.
- the "stage classification” used in the present invention corresponds to the TNM classification [Clinical 'Pathology for the treatment of primary liver cancer: 22p. Edited by the Japanese Society for Study of Liver Cancer (3rd revised edition), Kanehara Publishing, 1992].
- detection of cancer means that it is determined that there is a high possibility that cancer exists in the living body of the subject.
- screening is a term that refers to a test performed to narrow down the subjects likely to have cancer, especially in any population.
- detecting cancer in a specific subject while screening in an arbitrary group is called diagnosis.
- screening and diagnosis are different from each other only in their targets, and both are included in the method for detecting cancer according to the present invention.
- the marker that cancer cells make is that blood level is healthy until the cancer grows to some extent As described above, it is generally impossible to detect early cancer from an increase in serum markers, as described above.
- MK is highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in the pre-cancerous stage of colon cancer (Ye C. et al .: Br. J Cancer., 79: 179-183, 1999). Therefore, when blood MK levels in patients with various types of cancer were examined, in most patients (87%), blood MK levels were higher than those in healthy individuals. It was found that it was significantly increased. This value of 87% is extremely high compared to existing tumor markers. MK expressed in cancer tissue is probably secreted into the blood, which is thought to increase blood MK levels. Furthermore, in hepatocellular carcinoma, stomach cancer, and lung cancer, blood MK levels increased early in the cancer.
- stage I The level of MK in the blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or lung cancer was already significantly increased in stage I compared to the standard value in healthy subjects, and further increased in stages II to IV.
- stage 1 the level of MK was significantly higher in stage 1 compared to the reference value of healthy subjects, but the MK level remained almost the same regardless of stage after stage 2. From these results, it is clear that the measurement of MK makes it possible to detect early stage cancers classified as stage I in a wide range of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, and gastric cancer. Furthermore, by measuring MK, it is possible to detect not only early cancers but also cancers of all stages without depending on the increase of cancer or accumulation of MK. This feature is important as a tumor marker.
- sensitivity for determining that a cancer patient is positive
- specificity for determining that a non-cancer patient is negative
- the sensitivity and specificity of each known tumor marker are limited.
- MK has the sensitivity and specificity necessary for such screening.
- the method for detecting early cancer according to the present invention can compensate for the limitations of sensitivity and specificity of known tumor markers. It is known that combining certain tumor techniques can sometimes increase sensitivity while maintaining a certain degree of specificity. Screening methods that combine multiple tumor markers that lead to improved sensitivity and specificity are commonly referred to as combination assays.
- screening of asymptomatic subjects can detect the presence of various types of malignant tumors at an early stage by measuring MK levels in blood and urine of the subjects by EIA or the like. it can. In addition, sensitivity and specificity may be improved by combining measurements from other tumor markers.
- the point of selecting a tumor marker is to select a combination with the lowest possible correlation.
- AFP and PIVKA-II which are the best in liver cancer, have low correlation, and show a specificity of about 100% when the cut-off value of PI VKA-II is 0.1 Au / ml.
- CA19-9 and CA-50 which are the cancer markers, are combined, the true positive cases are the same and the pseudopositive cases are non-overlapping combinations, resulting in inefficient combinations.
- the next step is to set the cut off value.
- the cut-off value is an important factor that affects sensitivity and specificity. Generally a tumor marker There is a trade-off between the sensitivity and specificity of Rikiichi, but those skilled in the art can determine the appropriate cut-off value in the relevant literature (for example, Takeshi Kawamura: Tumor marker. Japanese clinical 54: 1649-1 653). , 1996).
- the ideal tumor marker is that the measurements in the tumor and non-tumor groups do not overlap, and the measurements can determine the presence of the tumor.
- such an ideal tumor marker has not yet been developed. For this reason, it is necessary to set the most appropriate cut-off value for discriminating and discriminating between the tumor group and the non-tumor group.
- the cut off value is the average value of the signal obtained when the immobilized antibody is incubated with a sample from a patient without cancer.
- a sample that produces a signal that is three standard deviations of the predetermined cut-off value is considered positive for the cancer.
- the upper and lower limits of the 95% confidence interval (reference range) of the distribution of measured values of healthy subjects are often used. However, the setting of the reference range does not take into account the distribution of the disease state at all.
- the cut-off value clearly defines the pathological condition to be identified by the test, and based on that, a certain number of the disease group and the non-disease group are collected and tested, and the separation of the measured values of the two groups (test It is desirable to take into account the prevalence (the situation in which the test is applied) and the prevalence (the situation in which the test is applied). Samples that produce a signal higher than the cut-off value determined by this method are considered positive for cancer.
- MK is useful not only for the diagnosis of cancer, but also as an indicator for monitoring the course of the disease, a factor for determining prognosis, or a monitor for recurrence.
- Prognosis refers to a patient's response to treatment. Therefore, if MK is measured before and after tumor treatment, and a decrease in the measured value of MK is observed, it can be inferred that effective treatment is being performed. Furthermore, if the MK measurement value drops to that of a healthy person, it is assumed that the tumor was successfully treated. Tumor treatment includes surgical removal, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or chemotherapy be able to.
- MKs can be used as an indicator for the progression of certain cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma.
- MK blood levels increase as the stage progresses.
- Assays described above for cancer diagnosis are performed multiple times (over one time) over time to evaluate changes in MK levels. For example, the activity may be performed every 24-72 hours for a period of six months to one year, and then as needed.
- cancer has progressed in patients whose MK detected by the antibody increases over time and over time.
- the MK level in a biological sample is measured using a latex agglutination method, an EIA or RIA method using a specific polyclonal or monoclonal antibody against MK, FIA, immunoassay chemiluminescence, or an ECLIA method.
- EIA is suitable as a method for measuring MK in the present invention. Since EIA uses an enzyme as a label, it is easier to carry out than RIA, which has problems with radioactive waste and half-life. Theoretically, the measurement method can be more sensitive than RIA.
- the assay can be performed using a flow-through or strip test type in which the antibody is immobilized on a membrane such as nitrocellulose.
- MK in the sample binds to the immobilized antibody as the sample passes through the membrane.
- the labeled second antibody binds to the antibody-polypeptide complex.
- the bound second antibody is detected as described above. Strike In the lip test type, one end of the antibody-bound membrane is immersed in a solution containing the sample. The sample moves through the membrane to pass through the region containing the second antibody and moves toward the area of the immobilized antibody. The concentration of the second antibody in the area of the immobilized antibody indicates the presence of cancer.
- the concentration of the second antibody at the site produces a single pattern, such as a line that can be read visually. Absence of such a pattern indicates a negative result.
- the amount of antibody immobilized on the membrane is selected to produce a visually discernable pattern.
- the biological sample contains sufficient levels of MK to generate a positive signal in the two-antibody sandwich assay.
- the amount of antibody immobilized on the membrane is about 25 ng to l ⁇ g, more preferably about 50 ng to 500 ng. Such tests are usually performed on very small amounts of biological samples.
- the kit for detecting early cancer according to the present invention comprises at least an anti-MK antibody and MK used as a standard sample.
- the detection kit of the present invention can be combined with an enzyme substrate, a negative control, a handling instruction, and the like, which are necessary for detecting a labeled component.
- the detection kit is used for a technique such as EIA
- the anti-MK antibody can be bound to a solid phase carrier in advance.
- a reaction vessel, a bead, or magnetic particles is used as the solid phase.
- the anti-MK antibody used in the above method can be prepared by various techniques known to those skilled in the art (for example, see Harlow and Lane, Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988).
- the anti-MK antibody may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody.
- a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes MK as described in Patent Application No. 2000-272199 (filed on Sep. 7, 2000) by the present applicant can be used in the present invention.
- the anti-MK antibody can also be used as a fragment containing the antigen binding site.
- the antibodies may be single-chain, chimeric, CDR-grafted, or humanized. Antibodies can be made by the methods described herein and other methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- MK is used as an immunogen for preparing the anti-MK antibody of the present invention or as a standard sample.
- the MK used for these includes biological MK, recombinant MK or chemically synthesized MK, and a fragment having MK biological activity.
- a method for obtaining MK as a recombinant is known (JP-A-9-95454).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the serum MK levels of 7 patients with hepatitis hepatitis and 135 healthy controls as controls by the 1-step sandwich method described in Example 1, (1). (** p 0.01). Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 2 shows the MK levels in the serum of 76 patients with stage I-IV hepatocellular carcinoma, 7 patients with viral hepatitis as a control, and 376 healthy controls as a control.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of measurement by the one-step sandwich method described in () (** p 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test). The error bar indicates the standard deviation.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of measuring PIVKA- ⁇ in serum of hepatocellular carcinoma patients of the same stage:! To IV using Atest PIVKA- ⁇ (Sanko Junyaku Co., Ltd.). Error bars indicate standard error.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring AFP in the serum of patients with stage I to IV hepatocellular carcinoma using c-Fetriab beads (Dynabot) (* p ⁇ 0. 01). Error bars indicate standard errors.
- Figure 5 shows the results of measuring the MK levels in the sera of 72 patients with stage 1 to 7 gastric cancer and 135 healthy subjects by the 1-step sandwich method described in (1) of Example 2.
- FIG. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of measuring the MK in the serum of 72 gastric cancer patients in stages 1 to 7 and 376 healthy subjects by the 1_step sandwich method described in Example 2 (2). It is a figure (** p ⁇ 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test). Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the results of measurement of CEA in sera of 72 gastric cancer patients in stages 1 to 7 using CEA rear beads (IRMA method) (Dynabot). Error bars indicate standard error.
- Fig. 8 shows the results of measurement of CA19-9 in the serum of 72 patients with stage 1 to 7 gastric cancer using the Centocor CA19-9 kit (IRMA method) (Centocor). is there.
- the error bar indicates the standard error.
- Figure 9 shows that the MK levels in the urine of 72 cancer patients (gastric cancer: 24, hepatocellular carcinoma: 24, and colorectal cancer: 24), and the urine of 50 healthy subjects were corrected by the Creathun value. It is a figure which shows distribution of a value (p * 0.01; statistical software StatView-J5.0; U-test of Mann-Whitney was used).
- FIG. 10 shows bile duct cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gallbladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cancer, rectal cancer, gastric cancer, and gastric cancer.
- FIG. 7 shows the results of correcting urinary MK levels in stage 1 to 7 of thyroid cancer in a total of 65 patients with creatinine values (* p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.0 l). Shows the standard deviation.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the effect of resection of hepatocellular carcinoma on serum MK value. The bars with dots indicate before tumor resection (pre-op) and the black bars indicate after tumor resection (Day 7).
- FIG. 12 shows a comparison of serum MK levels in various types of cancer.
- the thick line shows the average value of the MK level in the serum of 135 healthy subjects, and the dotted line shows the cut off value of 0.5 Ong / ml.
- the numbers below the name of each type of cancer indicate the number of patients, the median, and the 25-75% confidence interval.
- the asterisk indicates a significant difference (Mann-Whitney U-test) with respect to healthy subjects. *: p ⁇ 0.05, **: p ⁇ 0.01 Best mode for carrying out the invention
- the MK protein used for immunization and the recombinant MK protein used as a standard material were prepared according to the method described in Example 1 of JP-A-9-95454.
- a cDNA covering the ORF of human MK was introduced into PHIL-D4, an expression vector using Pichia yeast as a host.
- This MK expression vector was transfected into Bichia yeast G115 (Bichia pastoris G115; Research Corporation Technologies).
- MK expression clones were obtained by histidine and G418 selection.
- MK is used for ion exchange chromatography and affinity with heparin column. Purified by chromatography. The neurotrophic activity of purified MK protein was similar to that of mouse MK produced by recombinant L cells.
- the first time 400 zg of MK mixed with an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant is injected subcutaneously into the egret, and after the second dose, 400 mg of MK per dose is not administered.
- the mixture with complete adjuvant was injected subcutaneously.
- the procedure was the same as that of egrets except that the chicks were injected with 100 mg of MK each time.
- the antiserum obtained from the chicken was salt-purified with ammonium sulfate and then affinity-purified with an MK affinity column to obtain a purified chicken anti-human MK-specific antibody.
- a serum sample at each stage of liver cancer, a serum sample at each stage of gastric cancer, or a serum sample of a healthy individual (control) 101 was used for 0.5M KC1, 0.5% BSA, and ⁇ , ⁇ 1% Microcide I (aMReSCO, Solon, Ohio) containing peroxysidase-labeled ethanol dissolved in 5 OmM Tris-HC 1 (pH 8.4) Reacted with anti-human MK antibody (0.1 zg / ml) 100-1.
- This reaction solution 501 was added to each well of the plate, and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Each well was washed 5 times with PBS containing 1% Tween20.
- Substrate solution (0.5 mg / ml tetrametylbenzidine) 1001 was added to each well and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. Was added to stop the reaction, and the absorbance at 450 nm / 655 nm was measured with a multiplate reader (Model 3550, BioRad). At the time of measurement, the same operation was performed for the MK standard substance with a known concentration to prepare a standard curve.
- OmM Tris-HCl (pH 8.2 to 28.4) is different from (1) above, except that the 1-step sandwich method is used in the same manner as (1) above. MK was measured.
- HCC hepatocellular carcinoma
- 72 as adenocarcinoma patients
- Stage 5 5 persons, stage 6: 9 persons, and stage 7: 10 persons
- serum was prepared. Serum was immediately frozen and stored at 120 ° C until MK measurement. Then, blood was collected from 376 new healthy persons (152 males and 224 females) to prepare serum.
- the serum MK levels of HCC patients, viral hepatitis patients, and 135 healthy subjects were measured by the method described in Example 2, (1) (FIG. 1).
- the bar in the figure indicates the standard deviation. From stage II, serum MK levels in HCC patients were found to be significantly higher than those in healthy individuals.
- Example 2 (2) Using the one-step sandwich method of Example 2 (2) with enhanced EIA sensitivity, the MK levels in the serum of each of the above HCC patients, viral hepatitis patients, and 376 healthy subjects were measured ( Figure 2). ). The bar in the figure indicates the standard deviation.
- Serum MK levels in Stage I of HCC patients were 0.22 ng / mL (mean) and significantly higher (** p-0.01; Mann Whiteney test) compared to 0.02 ng / mL (mean) in healthy subjects.
- MK was found to be extremely useful as a serum tumor marker for early HCC.
- PIVKA-II and AFP are now widely used as tumor markers for HCC.
- PIVKA-II and AFP are complementary, and the combination of PIVKA-II and AFP increases the diagnosis rate. Therefore, AFP and PIVKA-II were used as comparative tumor markers.
- PIVKA-II in serum was measured using Atest PIVKA-II (Sanko Junyaku Co., Ltd.) ( Figure 3).
- the measurement method is EIA.
- HCC may be positive from stage III.
- AFP in serum was measured using hyphen-riab beads (Dynabot) ( Figure 4).
- the measurement method is Imnoradiometric Atsushi (IRMA). It was suggested that AFP was not detected in stage I of HCC but was detected in stage II.
- MK can detect HCC at an early stage. There was a strong correlation between the progression of the C stage and increased serum MK levels.
- the serum MK level at each stage (1-7) of gastric cancer and that of 135 healthy subjects are shown in Fig. 5 (the figure shows the standard deviation), and the case of 376 healthy subjects is shown in Fig. 6. (p ⁇ 0.01; Mann-Whitney U test; bars in the figure indicate standard deviation).
- CEA and CA 19-9 were selected as tumor markers for comparison.
- CEA has been shown to increase serum levels in various cancers, including various gastrointestinal cancers, and is widely used in clinical applications.
- CA19-9 showed a high positive rate value in biliary tract cancer.
- CA 19-9, along with CE A, is the most prevalent in daily practice as a tumor marker for gastrointestinal cancer.
- CEA in the serum was used to measure the MK level in the serum of gastric cancer patients using CEA rear beads (Dynabot) (FIG. 7; bars in the figure indicate standard errors).
- the measurement method is IRMA.
- CEA may be positive from stage 7 However, the standard deviation between each stage is large, and no significant difference is observed between the stages.
- CA 19-9 in serum was measured using a Centocor CA19-9RIA kit (Centocor; normal value: 37 U / ml or less) (FIG. 8; bars in the figure indicate standard errors).
- the measuring method is IRMA.
- CA19-9 showed a high value only in stage 5, and it is assumed that there is no correlation with stage.
- MK is useful as a serum tumor marker for early gastric cancer.
- Serum MK levels were examined in early stages of gastric and lung cancer patients
- stages 1 to 7 were performed and urinary MK levels were measured.
- the MK level in each stage is shown in FIG. 10 as the urinary MK correction value (p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01; Mann-Whitney U test).
- Urinary MK levels were found to be significantly increased in cancer stage I relative to healthy individuals. To date, there has been no report of a tumor in urine that rises to an early stage of cancer. That is, urinary MK levels are useful for early screening of various cancers.
- Table 2 shows a breakdown of the stages for a total of 150 cancer patients, five of them.
- FIG. 12 shows the results of measuring the serum MK levels of these 150 cancer patients by EIA.
- the serum MK levels of 150 cancer patients showed a significant difference (p ⁇ 0.001, Mann-Whiteny U-test) from those of healthy subjects. 87% of patients had serum MK levels greater than the cut-of-f value of 0.5 ng / mL.
- Table 2 shows a breakdown of the stages for a total of 150 cancer patients, five of them.
- FIG. 12 shows the results of measuring the serum MK levels of these 150 cancer patients by EIA.
- the serum MK levels of 150 cancer patients showed a significant difference (p ⁇ 0.001, Mann-Whiteny U-test) from those of healthy subjects. 87% of
- a tumor marker useful for diagnosing early cancer is provided.
- the tumor markers are useful for early cancer screening, estimating the stage and prognosis of certain cancers, and monitoring the course of treatment.
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA2384579A CA2384579C (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-09-08 | Early cancer tumor marker |
US10/070,569 US7090983B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-09-08 | Methods for detecting early cancer |
EP00957049A EP1215500B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-09-08 | Early cancer tumor marker |
DE60039441T DE60039441D1 (de) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-09-08 | Tumormarker für frühes krebsstadium |
AU68760/00A AU780957B2 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-09-08 | Early cancer tumor marker |
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JP11/256678 | 1999-09-10 | ||
JP25667899 | 1999-09-10 | ||
JP34540499 | 1999-12-03 | ||
JP11/345404 | 1999-12-03 | ||
JP2000/33168 | 2000-02-10 | ||
JP2000033168 | 2000-02-10 |
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WO2001020333A1 true WO2001020333A1 (fr) | 2001-03-22 |
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US (1) | US7090983B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1215500B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100768985B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1232826C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE400813T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU780957B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2384579C (ja) |
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WO2004092992A1 (ja) * | 2003-04-15 | 2004-10-28 | Cell Signals Inc. | 健康情報の提供システムおよび健康情報の提供方法 |
WO2009025094A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-26 | Tsuneya Ohno | 哺乳動物の癌の診断方法 |
JP2010139293A (ja) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-24 | Medical Therapies Ltd | 早期癌腫瘍マーカー |
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JP2011527414A (ja) * | 2007-11-19 | 2011-10-27 | セレラ コーポレーション | 肺癌マーカーとその使用 |
JP2010139293A (ja) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-24 | Medical Therapies Ltd | 早期癌腫瘍マーカー |
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Also Published As
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EP1215500B1 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
AU780957B2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
AU6876000A (en) | 2001-04-17 |
US7090983B1 (en) | 2006-08-15 |
ATE400813T1 (de) | 2008-07-15 |
DE60039441D1 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
CN1232826C (zh) | 2005-12-21 |
CA2384579C (en) | 2010-12-07 |
EP1215500A4 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
CA2384579A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
CN1390304A (zh) | 2003-01-08 |
EP1215500A1 (en) | 2002-06-19 |
KR20020043577A (ko) | 2002-06-10 |
KR100768985B1 (ko) | 2007-10-22 |
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