WO2001009484A2

WO2001009484A2 - Device and methods for combating accidents in a tunnel

Info

Publication number: WO2001009484A2
Application number: PCT/AT2000/000210
Authority: WO
Inventors: Anton Burger
Original assignee: Rosenbauer International Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 1999-08-02
Filing date: 2000-08-02
Publication date: 2001-02-08
Also published as: AU6253300A; WO2001009484A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and an operations vehicle (18, 101), and methods for combating accidents in a driving area (4) of a tunnel (1, 102), comprising a device and measures for moving a mass of air, e.g. an air fan (124) or a drawing-off device. Said device is introduced into the driving area (4) and/or the air channel (8), especially the air discharge channel (15), when required, and is driven by its own drive system and a separate energy source. The invention also comprises transport and pressure devices (117) for dousing water and at least one water gun (119), which is connected by a line to said devices and is optionally placed on a handling device. Heat- and/or smoke-shielding devices are optionally provided on the operations vehicle (18, 101) or are carried by said operations vehicle or are located on an external operations device.

Description

Device and method for fighting damage events in a tunnel

The invention relates to a device for combating damage events in a tunnel, as described in claims 1 to 10.

Buildings, in particular tunnels for road or rail traffic, are designed for the loads that occur during the operating conditions. Thus, road tunnels are provided with ventilation systems with which the sufficient supply of fresh air with full traffic utilization and also a corresponding removal of the polluted air, such as the exhaust gases and the like, can be ensured. Typically, the ventilation systems are also designed to extract a higher volume of air from the tunnel than is usually the case when the tunnel is full of pollutants that can be generated by the vehicles in it. This is to ensure that, in the event of a fire in the tunnel, the spread of the flue gases can be restricted or the direction of the flue gases can be controlled in order to enable persons trapped in the tunnel to escape from the tunnel or into pollution-free rescue rooms.

In tunnels for rail vehicles, the situation is when damage events occur, e.g. Train derailments, and the associated fires, are much more difficult to control, since the tunnels are usually ventilated and ventilated by the trains acting as pistons without additional aeration and ventilation systems. Only in the area of subways or tunnel systems with extremely heavy rail traffic and the associated high temperature development are externally controlled ventilation systems provided.

In addition, as with operations in other structures, it is important that the rescue of people or the control of incipient fires takes place as early and as massively as possible, to the extent of damage to both people and vehicles in the tunnel and to the tunnel construction to keep yourself as low as possible.

The problem of extracting pollutant air in a tunnel depends on the possibilities provided by the construction of the tunnel itself in connection with the ventilation system provided. This problem is of course exacerbated in the event of a fire in the tunnel. There are essentially three different systems, namely longitudinal ventilation, reversible semi-cross ventilation and cross ventilation. Every ventilation system requires a special construction of the tunnel.

In the case of longitudinal ventilation, fans produce a longitudinal flow in the tunnel, the fans being predominantly mounted on the ceiling of the driving space. Longitudinal ventilation is mainly used in long, two-tube tunnels, where there is already a certain amount of safety in the event of a fire due to the structural measures taken by two parallel tubes. In addition, longitudinal ventilation is used for very short single-tube tunnels operated in oncoming traffic, in which only short escape routes occur and the ventilation system is not of decisive importance in the event of a fire.

Reversible semi-cross ventilation has its own air duct, the fresh air duct, which is usually located above the driver's compartment. The fresh air is pressed into the fresh air duct by a fan and blown out of the duct into the driving space through fresh air openings at right angles to the tunnel axis. The exhaust air flows out through the portals in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tunnel. Half cross ventilation is used in medium-length tunnels. The advantage of semi-cross ventilation is that fresh air can be blown into the cabin during normal operation. This means that in the event of a fire, the fan is switched to exhaust air mode and smoke gases can be extracted from the driving area.

The cross ventilation has not only a fresh air duct but also an exhaust air duct, which is mainly located above the driving area. The fresh air is blown in transversely to the tunnel axis and the exhaust air also transversely to the longitudinal axis from the passenger compartment into the

Extracted air duct. The cross ventilation system is adaptable and is mostly used in long road tunnels that are operated in oncoming traffic. The advantage of this type of ventilation is the ability to supply fresh air and extract exhaust air at every point in the ventilation section. The cross ventilation can react faster than the reversible semi cross ventilation to a fire, because there is a separate exhaust fan and a separate exhaust duct.

In order to be able to control the spread of smoke in the event of a fire in the tunnel, these ventilation systems require a fire program that is triggered manually or by a fire alarm. Fire detectors are installed in many tunnels Detect and localize tunnel fire. It is very important that the fire alarm is triggered as soon as the fire breaks out, because otherwise large parts of the tunnel are already filled with smoke gases before the ventilation system can be activated properly in this case.

However, as the damage events have shown recently, the proposed supply and exhaust air systems in a tunnel hardly meet the expectations placed on them regarding flue gas removal in the event of unusual fire events.

For firefighting operations in partially closed rooms, such as those represented by tunnels, the emergency services have access to damage protection equipment, such as emergency vehicles with the necessary equipment, as they are designed for firefighting of objects that are generally located outdoors. These emergency vehicles have and operate the equipment normally required for the emergency services and for fighting the fire, such as protective suits including respiratory protection devices, handheld devices and the equipment required for procuring, providing and extinguishing the fire by using extinguishing water, such as pumps, hoses, water cannons, etc with himself. The disadvantage here is the high heat load and the impairment of activities by the smoke, which reduces the view in the range of a few centimeters.

The present invention has for its object to provide devices and methods that allow the extent of damage in accidents or fires in a tunnel to be reduced.

The object of the invention is solved by the features of claim 1. It is a surprising advantage with this combination of features that the volume of air containing pollutants and or obstructing the view, in particular in the event of fire of smoke gases, in the danger zone of the driving space is considerably reduced with simple means or simple structural measures and thus a reduction of the loaded tunnel volume on the one hand and, on the other hand, a quick fight against the disgrace can be achieved. This effect can be increased or increased by using additional, mobile units. If, for example, these additional recesses are only released in sections, the heat and or smoke spread in particular can be greatly reduced. The object of the invention can also be achieved by the features according to claim 2, because through the recesses larger amounts of fresh air can be supplied or discharged than is possible in normal operation, which also significantly higher volumes of air, such as they occur with heated flue gases, can be extracted via the air channels provided, in particular for the flue gases or exhaust air.

However, it is also advantageous to achieve the task independently by the features according to claim 3, since supply air can be taken from the individual air channels in a targeted manner or exhaust air can be supplied through the transmission elements.

An embodiment variant according to claim 4 solves the problem of the invention independently, since the pressure drop in the driving space of the tunnel and / or in the air ducts can be varied accordingly by additional supply of fresh air or removal of pollutants or exhaust air by an additional conveying device for supply or extract air ,

With the device according to claim 5, the task is solved independently and achieved with advantage that the effects of heat and smoke occurring during such damage events can be reduced, so that an advance of the emergency forces into the immediate area of the damage event favors and a longer residence time in this area is made possible, whereby a faster control of the damage event and thus a reduction in the harmful effects on the people and vehicles in the driving space, as well as on the structure, namely the tunnel construction itself, can be achieved.

The independent solution to the problem according to claim 6 enables, in a surprisingly simple manner, targeted protection against heat by building up water curtains by means of hydro signs or spray jets and thus cooling and certain detoxification of the flue gases by the flue gas flushing when it passes through the water walls.

An independent solution of the task according to the features of claim 7 is also advantageous, since the air blowers can be quickly positioned in the application and can be optimally adapted to the respective application conditions.

The solution of the task by the features according to claim 8 allows surprisingly simple support of the advance by creating an extended protection room with the external devices.

The mobility of the emergency vehicle in the limited operating conditions of a tunnel enables the task to be solved independently by the features of claim 9.

An independent solution of the task with the features according to claim 10 is also advantageous, since it creates a partitioning effect of those tunnel areas burdened by the damage event from the preparation rooms required for the preparation for use and the attack.

A further embodiment according to claim 11 is advantageous, which for the different types of application both an adequate supply of fresh air by suction and a corresponding removal of pollutants or smoke by fans, in particular high-performance fans, which generate an overpressure in the direction of the smoke to be removed, is possible ,

By training according to claim 12 it is achieved that the support of the supply of supply and / or exhaust air can be easily adapted to the given situation, depending on the case of damage.

An embodiment according to claim 13 is also advantageous since retrofitting a tunnel can thereby be considered realistic. In such an embodiment, a lot of work outside the tunnel can be prepared. As a result, the periods in which the tunnel must be closed are kept to a minimum.

Through the training according to claim 14, it is possible to achieve a targeted increase in the funding capacity in the event of a disaster. By using the additional, mobile units, the measures of the existing emergency plans can be supported or expanded.

Another embodiment according to claim 15 is also advantageous, since this may also result in a further possibility of flue gas removal or an increase in capacity. According to an embodiment variant according to claim 16, the means can be activated in the shortest possible time and the functionality is guaranteed accordingly in the event of need or emergency.

A further embodiment variant according to claim 17 is also advantageous, since such means can also be actuated safely and effectively in a very simple manner even with mechanical control means, which in the event of a fire may be better than the usual electrical control units.

In the embodiment according to claim 18, it is advantageous that only a relatively small amount of force is required to move the means. This aspect can also be of crucial importance in an emergency to ensure functionality in the shortest possible time.

According to an embodiment as described in claim 19, a very specific, local smoke evacuation can be achieved, the additional unit being able to be introduced at a corresponding distance from the scene of the accident.

An embodiment according to claim 20 is advantageous, as a result of which rapid opening and closing is possible either on-site by manual operation and / or by a control center or on-site by acting on corresponding power drives.

According to an advantageous development according to claim 21, the means to be opened as the first in an emergency can be actuated immediately after the alarm is triggered. As already mentioned, of course all controls belonging to the state of the art can be used which can be used for such crisis situations.

According to a special embodiment according to claim 22, it is advantageous that only the force for unlocking has to be applied, the opening or movement of the means taking place due to gravity. This is certainly a very suitable, function-assuring design that will prove its worth in the event of a disaster.

According to an advantageous development according to claim 23, the additional units of emergency vehicles are brought on site. Since the operations center coordinates after an alarm has been triggered, such a procedure is certainly an advantage, since every action has to be carried out in a very short time and the stationing this unit saves time directly in the area of the emergency vehicles or already mounted on the emergency vehicle.

However, an embodiment according to claim 24 is also advantageous since the connection can be opened with the unit. In particular, this advantage is given when the unit is mounted on an emergency vehicle and this lifts the ceiling part, for example, from its anchorage by means of a lifting device.

A further development according to claim 25 is advantageous, since as a result the respective consumers, such as the intake manifold of the air filter of a drive motor, in particular the

Emergency vehicle, or the exhaust can be connected directly to the air duct for the supply and exhaust air, so that operation of power drives, but especially the emergency vehicle or the device even under normal operating conditions no longer possible for the operation, such as lack of sufficient Oxygen and the like is possible or, on the other hand, an additional load on the driving space of the tunnel with exhaust gases can be reliably prevented.

A further development according to claim 26 is also advantageous, since this prevents the formation of additional exhaust gases or pollutants in the driver's compartment or enables a direct supply of clean air to the fresh air duct.

Furthermore, training according to claim 27 is advantageous, since it enables combat to be carried out in areas which are dangerous for further use, with the most possible shielding of the emergency services.

A further embodiment according to claim 28 is also advantageous, since it allows the required air blowers to be carried easily within the device or the emergency vehicle.

A training according to claim 29 is advantageous, because thereby an adaptation of the

Effect of the application equipment on the conditions that occur is possible.

According to an advantageous development as described in claim 30, a very inexpensive mechanical structure is achieved. However, an embodiment according to claim 31 is also possible, according to which the use of the air blower for the supply of fresh air or for the discharge of exhaust air, which is directed from the respective position of the emergency vehicle in the tunnel, can take place either in the direction of travel or against the direction of travel.

Formations according to claims 32 and 33 are also advantageous, according to which very massive, proven units which take account of the difficult operating conditions are available.

An embodiment according to claim 34 is possible, as a result of which there is no need for additional supply devices or drives and thus very economical equipment is achieved.

As an advantageous variant, an embodiment according to claim 35 is also possible because it enables use via independent, e.g. by emergency generators, maintained supply facilities is possible.

An advantageous further development is described in claim 36, whereby openings, e.g. when the adjustment device is extended, by means of which the air blower is brought into position, e.g. be exposed in the false ceiling in order to introduce the air blower into the supply or exhaust air duct.

According to an advantageous development as described in claims 37 and 38, the connection activities around the emergency vehicle can be carried out with the supply device present in the tunnel or its connection devices provided at certain intervals in a secure area in front of the fire site and will further advance move closer to the source of the fire, possible with an upright supply of extinguishing water.

A further advantageous configuration is described in claims 39 to 45, which makes it possible to use the emergency vehicle in advance with an efficient emergency device, which can control and improve fire control and protection activities, e.g. for shielding the emergency vehicle and the emergency personnel, from a secured position Operating conditions can be achieved. According to advantageous developments as described in claims 46 to 49, the range of action for effectively fighting the source of the fire is expanded starting from the emergency vehicle and, according to the range of the manipulation device, the emergency vehicle can take a position at a safe distance from the source of the fire.

Finally, however, the design according to claim 50 is also advantageous, as a result of which the emergency vehicle is effectively shielded from sudden heat waves, such as those e.g. occur in the event of an explosion, without the vehicle being exposed to an increased risk.

But also a method according to claim 51 is the subject of the invention, in which smoke and flue gases accumulated during the journey to the source of the fire are conveyed from the source of the fire against the direction of travel of the emergency vehicle, thereby rapidly penetrating the smoke mass and thus obstructing visibility in the area of the fire Sources of fire can be avoided.

However, it is also a method according to claim 52 of the inventors, according to which the air in the air space is reinforced in regions by an additional air blower, because this leads to a rapid removal to remove disabilities in the area of the damage event.

Independent methods according to the invention are given in claims 53 to 58, according to the measures of which improve the operating conditions in the immediate vicinity of the damage event in a short period of time which significantly influences the success of the application, so that use with the currently available protective devices and

Protective measures can be processed effectively.

Finally, measures as in claim 59 are also advantageous, as a result of which the highest possible self-protection for the emergency vehicle can be achieved without influencing the possible uses.

However, the measure as claimed in claim 60 is also advantageous, as a result of which the number of emergency personnel carrying out the first attack with a high risk potential is minimized. Finally, measures according to claim 61 are also advantageous, as a result of which the environmental conditions required for secure use can be reached quickly.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the air duct in a tunnel.

2 shows a tunnel cross section with the air channels;

3 shows a tunnel cross section with an additional unit introduced;

4 shows a part of a driving space and the air ducts in a tunnel in a diagrammatic, greatly simplified illustration, partly in section, with the air duct in the event of damage;

5 shows the emergency vehicle according to the invention in a tunnel area, partially cut away;

FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the tunnel area with the emergency vehicle according to the invention, cut along lines VI-VI in FIG. 5;

7 shows a further embodiment of the emergency vehicle according to the invention in view;

8 shows the emergency vehicle according to the invention from FIG. 7 in plan view;

9 shows a street block with the traffic control system according to the invention in a simplified, schematic representation;

10 shows a measuring and / or signaling device according to the invention;

Fig. 1 1 a control and / or monitoring device according to the invention. In the introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, the disclosures contained in the entire description being able to be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The position information selected in the description, such as, for example, top, bottom, side, etc., are also based on the figure described and illustrated immediately and are to be transferred accordingly to the new position in the event of a change in position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.

1, a tunnel 1 with a tunnel portal 2 and cross ventilation is simplified and shown schematically, with a separate fresh air duct 3 being provided. This fresh air duct 3 is arranged parallel to the driving space 4 and the fresh air is pressed into the fresh air duct 3 via a fan 5 and out of this fresh air duct 3 transversely to

Tunnel axis blown into driving space 4. A ventilation control 7 can be arranged in the transverse duct 6 connecting the fresh air duct 3 and the driving space 4. The exhaust air flows again in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tunnel in a separate air duct 8 provided above the driving space 4. This air duct 8 can also have a fan 9 for extracting the exhaust air. The air duct 8 is separated from the driving space 4 by a structural separation, namely an intermediate ceiling 10.

In the structural separation of the driving space 4 and the air duct 8, that is to say in the false ceiling 10, further additional connections 11 are provided, these being closable by means 12. The means 12 provided in the false ceiling 10 can be fold-out or lift-out ceiling parts 13.

If necessary or in an emergency, these ceiling parts 13 are removed in order to increase the conveying capacity of the technical systems. Especially in the event of a fire in tunnel 1, the conveying capacity of the supply and exhaust air systems must be expanded in a very short time to cope with the flue gas discharge.

Of course, the use of the supply air duct 14 for the removal of flue gases is only possible in exceptional cases if, for example, the supply of fresh air into the tunnel via the fan or a blower or high-performance blower Driving space takes place. However, it should be borne in mind that after such an operation, the entire fresh air ducts would also have to be cleaned and this will only be provided in exceptional cases. It is essential that the means 12 are provided in the area of the false ceiling 10, such as flaps or sliders, in order to significantly increase the cross section for the entry of flue gas in the area of damage, in order to also accommodate the higher volume of the usually very hot, polluted air or to correspond to the flue gas and to be able to increase the flow resistances for the removal of this polluted air or the flue gases accordingly.

So, for example, as shown in Fig. 2, it is also possible that the means 12 can be formed by a slide which, in guides transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, by means of a drive 22, for example a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder or an electromotive drive or the like can be moved. The drive 22 can of course be controlled by means of corresponding control lines both manually from a switch box 23 in the tunnel and, of course, via corresponding connection lines 24 from the control center, namely the tunnel control room, and thus the opening of the slides can be made possible.

In addition, it is further shown in FIG. 2 that, of course, if such recesses are provided, these must normally be closed with corresponding sliding plates 25 or similar closure members and can only be opened if necessary.

It may also be expedient to provide a fan 26 in the air ducts, in particular in the exhaust air duct 15, which is only activated or put into operation when there is a very high accumulation of pollutants in the tunnel or in the event of a fire To support removal of the flue gases which are supplied via the enlarged openings in the area of the connections 11, and thus to generate acceleration and a higher delivery capacity in the exhaust air duct 15 and / or in the supply air duct 14.

According to FIG. 2, a tunnel profile is shown in cross section, the tunnel 1 having an inlet air duct 14 and an exhaust air duct 15 above its driving space 4.

The structural separation of the driving space 4 and the air ducts again takes place via an intermediate ceiling 10, the supply air duct 14 and the exhaust air duct 15 likewise being formed by an intermediate duct 10. wall 16 are separated.

In the false ceiling 10, which separates the driving space 4 from the exhaust air duct 15, an additional connection 11 is provided which, as means 12, has a flap 17 which opens due to gravity after being unlocked.

Of course, the intermediate wall 16, which separates the supply air duct 14 and the exhaust air duct 15, can also have an additional connection 11 with a means 12.

According to FIG. 3, a tunnel profile is again shown in cross section, the tunnel 1 having an inlet air duct 14 and an exhaust air duct 15 above its driving space 4. The structural separation of the driving space 4 and the air ducts again takes place via an intermediate ceiling 10. An additional connection 11 is provided in this intermediate ceiling 10, this connection 11 having a removable ceiling part 13 as a means 12. An additional mobile unit 19 is introduced into the tunnel 1 via an emergency vehicle 18. About a on

The lifting device 20 provided for the emergency vehicle 18 can bring this unit 19 into its operating position in the exhaust air duct 15. A construction 21 is provided on the unit 19, which brings the ceiling part 13 out of its closed position.

This additional, mobile unit 19 can be, for example, a further exhaust air blower or a fan or a compressor. Of course, this additional unit 19 could also be introduced into the supply air duct 14 in accordance with a changed air control.

The means 12 could also be designed in the form of flaps or slides. It is also conceivable that the ceiling parts 13 or flaps 17 are slidably constructed. Likewise, the ceiling parts 13 or the flaps 17 or the slider can be arranged alternately.

Furthermore, all corresponding controls for actuating the means 12 can also be used.

4 also shows that the removal of polluted air 27 in the fresh air duct 3 and in the air duct 8 for exhaust air can be accelerated if there is overpressure on both sides of the damage site 28, which is indicated schematically by flames 29. drawn symbolically by arrows 30 and 31 - is built up. The opening Build this overpressure or this air flow, which generates the overpressure in the tunnel sections 32 and 33, can take place by means of fans 34, which can be used on both sides in front of the tunnel portals, in the region of the tunnel portals or inside the tunnel 1. The effect of this partial overpressure in the tunnel sections 32 and 33 is such that overpressure is exerted on the hot, high-volume flue gases or the polluted air in the case of dangerous goods accidents, which is formed by two flexible pistons which are pressed in by the air columns with overpressure is compressed and thus the outflow of the pollutant-laden air takes place through the openings 35 which are usually present in the area of the false ceiling 10 or through the recesses which can additionally be arranged in the false ceiling or the tunnel wall. Thus, the negative pressure for sucking in the polluted air or the flue gases, which is schematically represented by the exhaust gas fans in a tunnel by the arrow 36, are supported and the flow resistance or the delivery rate of the exhaust gas machine permanently installed in the tunnel can be increased accordingly ,

To supply an emergency vehicle 18 in the tunnel, however, it is also possible to use a transmission element 37, for example a swiveling boom, to arrange a suction hood 38 in the region of the inflow openings 39 for the supply air or fresh air, which are arranged at intervals in the false ceiling 10, for example via roller arrangements 40 and vacuum suction can be positioned in the area of the outlets, for the operation of the

Emergency vehicle 18 are sucked.

In addition, however, it is also possible to connect the emergency vehicle 18 in the area of the emergency location via a flexible transmission element 41, for example a hose 42 that can be telescoped in the longitudinal direction, to the exhaust 43 of the emergency vehicle 18, which in turn is provided with a fix in the area of the false ceiling Connection piece 44 is provided in which a flap 45 can be provided for opening and closing this passage. This makes it possible to operate vehicles in the tunnel in stationary operation even if the air is partially polluted or only a little oxygen is present, fresh air being sucked in directly from the fresh air duct 3 for the operation of the emergency vehicle 18 and its drives, and secondly the pollutant-laden exhaust gases can be discharged directly into the air duct 8.

Of course, the individual embodiments and measures described can be used individually or in any combination. 5 and 6, an emergency vehicle 101 is shown in the area of a tunnel 102. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is a tunnel 102 with a suspended false ceiling 103, such tunnels 102 having an air space 104 that results between the tunnel wall 105 and false ceiling 103, which is divided into a fresh air duct 107 and an exhaust air duct 108 by a vertically extending partition wall 106 is. Breakthroughs for the supply of fresh air and removal of the exhaust air from a tunnel area 110 which receives the traffic and which extends between a roadway 1 1 1 and the false ceiling and the side tunnel walls 105 are provided in the intermediate ceiling 103 at regular intervals.

The emergency vehicle 101 consists of a chassis 112 with drive 11, a driving and operating cabin 114 and possibly a box body 115 for accommodating various devices 116, a conveying and pressure device 117 for supplying extinguishing water to an output module 118 or to an emergency vehicle 101 provided water cannon 119, the z. B. on a roof 120 of the driving and control cabin 1 14 or the box body

115 is arranged, and can be operated remotely from the driving and operating cabin 1 14.

As a further equipment of the emergency vehicle 101, the latter has in an assembly receptacle 121 of the box body 115 at least one adjustable with an adjusting device 122 and equipped with its own drive 123. Air blower 124 on.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the adjusting device 122 is a scissor lever arrangement 125 which, for. B. has a hydraulic drive 126, and which makes it possible to extend the air blower 124 in height from the area of the box body 1 15 and thus position it between the roof 120 and the false ceiling 103, in order to selectively use it in this area the extraction of smoke gases - according to arrow 127 - or for the supply of additional fresh air - according to arrow 128. For this purpose, the air blower 124 is preferred in relation to the adjusting device 122 about an axis of rotation 130 which runs vertically to the roadway 11 1 or a contact surface 129 in a swivel range of at least

180 ° rotatable.

It is also possible to design the adjusting device 122, according to which it is possible to raise the air blower 124 into the area of the air space 104, that is to say to position it between the false ceiling 103 and the upper area of the tunnel wall 105, for which purpose it is shown in FIG Regular intervals 131 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 102 in the false ceiling 103 openings 132 in the order of magnitude for the passage of the air blower 124 are arranged, which are closed with removable ceiling elements 133 and, if necessary, via a support device 134 coupled to the adjusting device 122 in the direction of the upper region of the Tunnel wall 105 can be raised, with the air blower 124 in the air space 104 and can be used as needed for the supply of fresh air or removal of flue gases.

Of course, it is also possible to equip the emergency vehicle 101 with two air bubbles 124 of this type in order, for example, B. if necessary, to position one of the air blowers 124 in the area below the false ceiling 103 and to use the further, as described above, in the air space 104 above the false ceiling 103. This means that the supply of fresh air and the removal of any flue gases are achieved at the same time.

Furthermore, a preferred equipment of the emergency vehicle 101 consists of a hose cart 135 carried along, which e.g. is coupled as a trailer with a chassis 136 and by means of a trailer coupling 137 to the emergency vehicle 101 and is equipped with a hose reel 138 on which a supply hose 139 of not insignificant length is wound. The hose reel 138 is rotatably mounted on the hose carriage 135 about an axis of rotation 140 running parallel to the contact surface 129 and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the tunnel 102. An end 141 of the supply hose 139 coming from the hose drum 138 has a hose coupling 142 with which the supply hose 139 is coupled to a supply line 143 which is permanently installed in the tunnel 102. In the case of hose drums 138 of this type, it is known from the prior art to design the axis of rotation 140 to be tubular in order to provide the supply to a further end 144 as a fixed connection and the end 144 by means of a connecting hose

145 to couple with the emergency vehicle 101. This makes it possible, with a supply hose 139 connected to the supply line 143, to the emergency vehicle 101 and the hose carriage 135 coupled to it, according to the total hose length reeled onto the hose drum 138, to the required place of use in

Approach tunnel 102 and reel off the supply hose, the supply of the water cannon 1 19 with extinguishing water being ensured during this process. It is possible to equip the hose carriage 135 with a detection device

146 for actual information which is passed into the driving and operating cabin 1 14 to a control and display device 147, from which the operator determines the respective status or Actual status of the reeled or unwound hose length is displayed.

Another advantage for the efficient fighting of fires in the tunnel 102 with the emergency vehicle 101 according to the invention is that it is equipped with a self-propelled one. remotely controllable driving robot 148 leading the emergency vehicle 101, e.g. is controlled by the driving and operating cabin 1 14 in its driving and working functions. As in the exemplary embodiment shown, this driving robot 148 also has a hose drum 149, as has already been described above, a hose end 150 coming from the hose drum 149 e.g. is connected to the output module 118 of the emergency vehicle 101 for supplying extinguishing water, while another

Hose end 151 is connected to an impact wall jet 152 arranged on the driving robot 148 - a so-called hydroshield. This consists of a jet pipe 153 for delivering a bundled water jet 154, which is preceded by a baffle plate 155 which is approximately perpendicular to the jet direction of the water jet 154. Due to the special design of the baffle plate 155, the water jet 154 is divided and deflected and thus a full-surface water curtain 156 is achieved, which closes the entire clear cross-section of the tunnel 102 in a smoke-tight manner and at the same time a kind of protective shield against the heat emanating from the source of the fire for the emergency vehicle 101 or for forms the emergency services. The distance between the emergency vehicle 101 and the driving robot 148 is variable and depends only on the hose length available on the hose drum 149 or also on the respective hose length

Operating conditions.

There is thus the possibility for the emergency personnel with the emergency vehicle 101 according to the invention to continuously come to the scene of the operation, shielded from smoke and heat, and to provide quick and effective operational performance.

The water curtain 156 does not constitute an insurmountable obstacle for the emergency services, which makes it possible for them to pass through the water curtain 156 for a short time and as required, in order to obtain information necessary for the further procedure from the scene and to pass it on to the emergency services operating in a secured position.

However, the water curtain 156 also does not constitute an obstacle to a fire water jet 157 which is emitted, for example, by the water cannon 119 of the emergency vehicle 101 and which penetrates the water curtain 156 without significant loss of energy. It is possible to arrange optical detection elements 159 on the driving robot 148 or on the end face 158 of the baffle plate 155 facing the place of use, which guide image information via data lines 160 or via radio to the control and display device 147 into the driving or operating cabin 114, by means of which the operator controls the water cannon 119 can be used in a targeted manner.

Of course, it is also possible to attach such a hydroshield to form the water curtain 156 directly on the front of the vehicle.

7 and 8 show a further possibility of equipping the emergency vehicle 101 according to the invention for effective operational performance, according to which a telescopic boom 161 which is extendable in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the tunnel 102 and approximately parallel to the contact surface 129 is arranged on the emergency vehicle 101. This telescopic boom 161 enables a water cannon 162 arranged thereon to be brought closer to the place of use and thus to be able to park the emergency vehicle 101 in a position safer from heat. On the other hand, this also facilitates a gradual approach to the site. In order to achieve this solution, the water cannon 162 and for its supply a hose reel 164 is arranged on an extendable end region 163 of the telescopic boom 161, on which the supply hose required for supplying the water cannon 162 with extinguishing water is arranged during the extension and retraction of the telescopic boom

161 is reeled up or down. The operation of the water cannon 162 is thus also possible during the movement of the telescopic boom 161, preferably the water cannon

162 is designed to be remotely controllable so that it can be used with high efficiency by the driving and operating cabin 114. With such a telescopic boom 161, an operation of the water cannon 162 leading to the emergency vehicle 101 is possible in order to bring the water cannon 162 closer to the place of use without exposing the emergency vehicle 101 or the emergency personnel to an excessive risk. Of course, optical detection devices are also possible with these designs in order to provide the emergency services or the operating personnel in the driving and operating cabin 114 with the necessary information in the form of image information from the scene.

Instead of the telescopic boom 161 described, other variants of the design, such as, for example, articulated arm booms, scissor lever arm booms, etc. are of course also possible. Of course, as already described above, these booms can also be equipped with a baffle blaster 152 for the formation of a water stream leading the emergency vehicle 101. be equipped with a curtain.

Other items of equipment of the emergency vehicle 101 according to the invention are e.g. can be set up and operated independently of the emergency vehicle 101 for ventilation of the location - so-called Tempest fans 165. It is also stated that further equipment of the emergency vehicle 101 is made from e.g. various manipulation devices 166 for remote control of the water cannons 119, 162 can be provided as well as a vehicle front cover 167 as a heat shield 168, e.g. clad with ceramic tiles 169, can be formed.

Image acquisition devices 170, with which the emergency vehicle 101 and the driving robot 148, etc., as shown in FIG. 5, are equipped in order to be able to carry out the emergency control, serve to inform the operating team. These devices are appropriately protected against heat and are suitable for heavy visibility conditions with Infrared vision devices designed. A sensor system 171 with which the ambient conditions can be continuously monitored and corresponding data and warning messages are also provided is also advantageous.

Of course, it is also possible that the external application device can be designed as a hovercraft in order to move as close as possible to the location of the damage event via obstacles lying on the ground. Furthermore, it is advantageous, as is also indicated schematically in FIG. 4, that the supply line for the emergency vehicle 101 can be carried out via a swivel arm 181 which can be pivoted about a vertical axis 180, so that the hoses 182 of the supply line to a hydrant 183, for example fixed in the tunnel, laterally of the emergency vehicle can be moved during forward and backward movements. The same is possible, for example - as indicated by dashed lines - for supplying the external application device with energy, extinguishing agent and signal and control and transmission lines. In order to enable unimpeded movement of the emergency vehicle 101 in a tunnel 1, 102 in both directions of travel, it is also possible to arrange a second driver's cab 184 at the other end of the vehicle so that the vehicle, at least what the essential driving situations in the tunnel for forward, Reverse travel or the like., And steering can be done from the second cab or makeshift cab.

For this purpose, it is also possible that the driving and operating cabin 1 14 for example laterally a small amount - as shown by dash-dotted lines - can be moved to steer and steer the vehicle against the normal direction of travel in an emergency. In addition, it is of course possible to provide a correspondingly equipped video recording device with video cameras 185 in the rear of the vehicle, so that the driver is at least able to maneuver the vehicle against the direction of travel in extreme cases via the video cameras and possibly signals from an infrared camera.

Due to the arrangement of self-protection devices on the vehicle, which, in addition to the corresponding water curtains 156, can also have appropriate sprinkling and spraying devices on and below the emergency vehicle 101, as shown schematically in FIG. 1, and from the prior art, for example from use in airport fire engines, are known can also be used.

The invention also relates to a method for signaling the end of a traffic jam in vehicles.

It is known to secure a traffic jam end of vehicles, for example on motorways, to position an emergency vehicle with warning lights, preferably the executive or also the highway authorities, in the direction of the following vehicles and at a distance from the traffic jam end. A disadvantage of such methods of protection with traffic jam warning vehicles is that they are of course very expensive financially.

This invention has for its object to provide a method and a device of the type cited at the outset which on the one hand avoids the disadvantages indicated above and which on the other hand also ensure increased safety.

This object of the invention is achieved in that a traffic control system is arranged along a public traffic area, which consists of any combination of measuring and / or signaling devices, measuring devices, display boards and lighting elements outside of the vehicles and or a control and monitoring device in the Vehicle exists and calculates a distance to the end of the traffic jam or an obstacle and / or the end of the traffic jam or the obstacle via a central computer and / or a computing unit, and is displayed to the driver of the approaching vehicle via the traffic control system. The surprising advantage is that the flow of information is greatly increased in addition to the normal traffic lights and thus the voltage of the handlebars of the following vehicles and those waiting are rapidly reduced. Driving vehicles onto the possibly stationary or very slowly moving column can also be largely avoided.

It is also advantageous if all data of the traffic control system are managed by a central computer.

It is also advantageous if the end of the traffic jam, the braking area and the free travel distance are displayed via measuring and / or signaling devices.

It is also possible to startle the driver of the approaching vehicle with no or too little delay by means of optical and acoustic measures.

It is also possible that the initiation of the warning and information measures takes place earlier than required by the reaction and braking distance and thereby give the driver of the approaching vehicle enough time for the reaction and braking distance so that the vehicle is still safe from the end of the traffic jam Can bring to a standstill.

It is also advantageous if the scoreboard shows warnings in almost real time.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the data are transmitted from a central computer to a control and / or monitoring device, which is also part of the traffic control system and is located in the approaching vehicle.

It is also advantageous if the computer unit calculates the distance to the end of the traffic jam or obstacle, the braking area and the free travel distance from the data of the central computer and is output on a bar display element or a display device of the control and / or monitoring device.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the computer unit outputs acoustic warning signals at the signaling device of the control and / or monitoring device.

Another advantage is that the control and / or monitoring device arranged in the approaching vehicle automatically decelerates the vehicle with no or too little deceleration. It is also advantageous if the data transmission from the central computer to the computing unit of the vehicle is carried out using RDS (Radio Data System), TMC (Traffic Message Cannel), the GSM network of the mobile phone operator or the satellite navigation system GPS.

The object of the invention is also achieved in that a traffic control system is arranged which consists of any combination of measuring and / or signaling devices. Measuring devices, display panels and lighting elements outside the vehicles and / or a control and monitoring device in the vehicle and that the distance to the vehicle at the end of the traffic jam or the obstacle is determined via a central computer and / or a computing unit, or the end of the traffic jam is signaled in the area of the last vehicle of a column with measuring and / or signaling devices, display boards and lighting elements. The surprising advantage that results from this lies primarily in the fact that this high-security device is economically justifiable. The unmistakable warning also drastically reduces accidents, which means major economic savings. Above all, there are personnel savings for the executive or even for the emergency services of the motorway maintenance departments.

It is also advantageous if the measuring device is formed by a distance or speed measuring device, in particular a distance or speed laser measuring device.

It is also advantageous to arrange a presence detector, in particular an infrared sensor, on the measuring and / or signaling device.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to set up the measuring and / or signaling device in a traffic light-like manner with differently colored signal lights.

It is also advantageous if a light-emitting element which is suitable for emitting flashes of light is arranged on the measuring and / or signaling device or on the display panel.

It is also advantageous to arrange a loudspeaker on the measuring and / or signaling device which is suitable for emitting low or high tones or whistles.

A further advantage is obtained if the distance between the individual measuring and / or signaling devices in the traffic control system is selected so that its detection rich overlaps or the gap between the detection areas corresponds to the length of the shortest possible single vehicle.

It is also advantageous if the traffic light is also integrated in the traffic management system.

It also proves to be advantageous if the data is transmitted in the traffic control system via lines, a bus system or wirelessly.

Finally, it is advantageous if a control and / or monitoring device is integrated in the approaching vehicle.

9 and 10 show a public traffic area 201, in particular a street, a section of a motorway or a tunnel, only one lane 202 and the lane delimitation 203 being indicated. A traffic control system 204 is arranged in front of an obstacle, for example a construction site. This traffic control system 204 is set up in addition to a construction site traffic light 205, which can also be part of the traffic control system 204. In addition to the lane 202 and outside the lane delimitation 203, at least one measuring and / or signaling device 206 is arranged at a distance from the traffic light 205.

The traffic jam system 204 can be used to calculate the end of the traffic jam and the distance between a vehicle 208 approaching in the direction of travel - arrow 207 - and a last vehicle 209 located at the end of the traffic jam, or the point up to which the vehicle 208 is brought to a standstill in order not to drive onto the last vehicle 209 waiting in the column in front of the traffic light 205.

For this purpose, it is possible that, on the one hand, the speed of the vehicle 208 approaching the construction site traffic light 205 and the position of the last vehicle 209 standing in the column in front of the construction site traffic light 205 are determined via at least one measuring device 210. This can be done, for example, using laser measurement systems or using other distance and / or speed and / or presence measuring systems based on physics, such as by means of radar beams or the like. In addition, however, it is also possible to arrange a plurality of measuring and / or signaling devices 206 at preferably uniform intervals 211 outside the lane 202, on which application Security detectors 212, for example infrared sensors 213, are arranged to determine whether there is a vehicle in a traffic jam in front of the traffic light 205 in the area of the measuring and / or signaling device 206.

If the distance 21 1 between the individual measuring and / or signaling devices 206 is determined in such a way that the detection area of the presence detectors 212 either overlaps or the gap between the detection areas of the presence detectors 212 is smaller than the length of a shortest possible individual vehicle, the respective can The end of the traffic jam can be determined exactly.

Based on this, it is now possible, by determining the speed with the measuring device 210, to determine the point in time at which the vehicle 208 approaching in the direction of travel - arrow 207 - would have to be braked at the latest, in order to safely drive in front of the last vehicle 209 in the standing column Coming to a standstill.

For this purpose, the individual measuring and / or signaling devices 206, the measuring device 210 and the display panels 214 are connected to a central computer 217 via lines 215, 216, for example also a bus system, which can be implemented both via lines and wirelessly.

If the measuring device 210, for example the laser measuring systems used by the security authorities for the speed measurement in the traffic service, measures the speed of the vehicle 208 approaching the standing column, a distance 218 between the measuring device 210 and the moving vehicle 208 can be determined.

This data is fed to the central computer 217 and continuously calculates the decrease in the distance 218 between the last vehicle 209 in the column and the approaching vehicle 208.

This distance 218 can be compared with measured values for the approach speed and the corresponding braking distance of the vehicle 208 stored in the central computer 217 or can be calculated continuously using appropriate software. If the deceleration of the vehicle 208 does not begin in the arithmetically determined area, the additional expediently provided display boards 214 can be activated to inform the driver of the Visually startle the vehicle 208 and cause it to brake. This can be done using defined texts such as "STOP! Too fast" or "Obstacle 100 m away!" or also be shown graphically on the display boards 214. If the vehicle 208 comes into a border area without any noticeable delay, in which safe stopping in front of the last vehicle 209 in the column is only possible by a correspondingly strong braking or emergency braking, additional loudspeakers 219 in the area of the display panel 214 can optionally be used or in the area of the measuring and / or signaling devices 206, a warning tone such as a siren or the like can be activated in order to interrupt or start up a habituation effect of the driver, for example, which arises especially in the tunnel due to the uniform locomotion, so that he at least one more initiates appropriate emergency braking to stop his vehicle in front of the last vehicle 209 standing in the column.

All of the above measures to startle the driver with no or too little deceleration of the vehicle 208 take place earlier than is required by the reaction and braking distance, in order to ensure that the vehicle 208 can be brought to a standstill before the end of the traffic jam or the obstacle.

After a backwater in front of construction site traffic lights 205, the signal image of construction site traffic lights 205 is usually hidden by trucks with correspondingly high tarpaulins or box bodies, and thus the end of the traffic jam is difficult or difficult to recognize, especially in the dark or in tunnels, especially when the route is curved , can also be expediently provided that a plurality of measuring and / or signaling devices 206 is provided at a distance 211, which extends, for example, over the entire length of the tunnel or the expected traffic jam.

These measuring and / or signaling devices 206 can be provided with signal lights 220, 221, 222, preferably in different colors or in the colors of the construction site traffic lights red / yellow / green.

By means of appropriate software or appropriate design of the central computer 217, it is now possible, depending on the backwater in front of the traffic light 205, to use the individual signal lights 220 to 222 to signal the end of the traffic jam or the free travel distance and the braking distance. So with all measuring and / or signaling devices 206 which are in the area of the already standing column, i.e. back to the vehicle 209, and possibly with one or more measuring and / or signaling devices 206 against the direction of travel - arrow 207 - to the Signal light 220 red light are shown, which ensures not only that the signal image from the traffic lights in any case is visible to the approaching vehicle 208, since it can not be covered by a vehicle in a traffic jam, but also that the current End of traffic jam is automatically signaled.

In the area in which the vehicle 208 has to be decelerated to stop, the signal lights 221, for example yellow light, can now either be blinking, or be fixed or illuminated in different directions in order to signal to the driver that he must initiate braking in this area in order to come to a safe stop in front of the last vehicle 209 in the column.

The length of this area can either be determined on the basis of the maximum speed to be expected on this section of the route, or can be calculated by the central computer 217 with the aid of the signals from the measuring device 210.

However, it is of course also possible here that the braking distance, which changes depending on the respective traffic situation and the speed of the approaching vehicle 208, is always recalculated via the central computer 217 and the signal lights 221, which show yellow or orange light, for example, are activated via this braking distance.

At the measuring and / or signaling devices 206 arranged in front of the direction of travel - arrow 207 - in front of the signal lights 222, for example, green light can then be shown in order to show the driver of the approaching vehicle 208 that he has a clear path. If necessary, all signal lights 220 to 222 can be exposed to light in various colors, in particular red, yellow and green, depending on the hazardous situation.

Of course, this representation of the different sections of the route can also adapt to the given traffic situation in the backwater when the traffic light changes from STOP to FREE RIDE, and thus announce to the approaching vehicle an exact point in time from which braking must take place or signal it to him. that he can pass the constriction in the area after the traffic light 205 in the direction of travel - arrow 207 - without stopping.

Of course, any additional type of signaling elements, in addition to, for example, loudspeakers 219, via which low tones or whistles can be made, is also possible.

For example, on one or more of the display panels 214 and / or the measuring devices 210 and / or the measuring and / or signaling devices 206, lighting elements 223.For example, flashing lights, as are already well known from the road safety services, can be arranged to help the driver approaching vehicle 208 from the monotony of a continuous journey to draw attention to the approaching danger.

The arrangement of the individual elements of the traffic control system 204 now makes it possible on the one hand to precisely signal the constantly changing end of the traffic jam in front of a traffic light 205 in order to prevent rear-end collisions in these areas as far as possible, but on the other hand and independently of this, an additional warning effect and signaling can be implemented of the dangerous state through flashing lights, flashing illuminated signs, warning tones and the like. As a result, the inattentiveness or monotony of vehicle drivers on long journeys such as Truck drivers are interrupted and startled to prevent rear-end collisions, particularly in tunnels, as recently, which can lead to serious injuries and damage to property.

This solution is particularly advantageous when several measuring and / or signaling devices 206 are used, so that. adapted to the respective traffic situation, the end of the traffic jam can be easily signaled and, in addition, the traffic control system 204, in particular the display panels 214 or the lighting elements 223, can be used to simply indicate hazards.

The advantage of using display boards 214 is that certain information, particularly at night, can be signaled in a very memorable manner and transmitted to the vehicle driver almost in real time, due to the effect of the illuminating texts. This writing and image information may not be easy to evaluate for foreign-language vehicle drivers, and it is advantageous if the warning system provides additional hazard reports in a visual and / or acoustic manner to inform the vehicle driver who under certain circumstances could not read the texts to persuade.

The measuring and / or signaling device 206 shown in detail in FIG. 10 can, in addition to the signal lights 220 to 222 and the loudspeaker 219 or any other type of output device for acoustic signals, also a presence detector 212, which is designed, for example, as an infrared detector 213 , exhibit.

However, this presence detector 212 can also be formed by a light barrier arrangement, a temperature sensor or any other sensor which includes the presence of a vehicle and / or of persons in the area of the respective measuring and / or signaling device 206.

In addition, it is possible to provide a lighting element 223 on the housing of the measuring and / or signaling device 206, which can be designed as a warning light or hazard light, as a flashing light or flashing light. The measured values obtained by the respective measuring and / or signaling device 206 and the data for the acoustic, optical and other types of signals to be emitted can be transmitted via line 215 from or to the central computer 217.

The measuring and or signaling device 206 can, as shown, be set up on a support frame next to the roadway, but it is also possible to mount it fixed, for example on a tunnel wall.

In the same way, it is of course also possible to continuously equip danger areas, for example a tunnel, with a traffic control system 204 of this type, which is continuously in operation, in order, for example, to always maintain a sufficient safety distance between the last preceding vehicle and the first following vehicle when driving through dangerous goods vehicles ,

For this purpose, it is possible that the safety distances between the dangerous goods vehicle to be protected and the preceding or following vehicles can be freely programmed by a command point, for example in the tunnel control room, and the distance between the dangerous goods transporter and the preceding vehicle and the corresponding light sequences the distance for the following vehicles can be signaled exactly. Dangerous goods vehicles can be identified by a start signal being pressed as a result of video surveillance in the tunnel control room as the vehicle drives past a measuring point, and the presence of this vehicle being seamlessly reported via the individual measuring and / or signaling devices 206, or by following in the case of dangerous goods vehicles The orange-red board provided for traffic regulations is automatically registered by appropriate sensors at the beginning of the tunnel and the chain of lights is then controlled. It is also possible, however, that different monitoring systems are arranged distributed over the tunnel, which determine the position of the dangerous goods transporter in the tunnel on the basis of special identification features, for example a built-in mini transmitter or the like.

While a traffic control system 204 has been described above, which is mainly used with vehicle-independent components, it is of course also possible to provide or arrange systems for sections of the route that are at risk of congestion, which also include a control and / or monitoring system located in the vehicle - Include device 224. This control and / or monitoring device 224 is shown in more detail in FIG. 11 and includes, for example, a display device 225 with which texts can be output in characters and or the distance to the last vehicle 209 can be displayed in a backlog with digits.

It is thus possible to display and signal the distance to the last vehicle 209, the speed of approach and the latest point in time at which braking begins. In this context, it would of course also be possible for the control electronics of the vehicle 208 to be influenced directly, triggered by a computing unit 226 located in the vehicle 208 or a central computer 217 arranged outside the vehicle 208, so that the vehicle 208 is automatically decelerated in order to to prevent an impact on stationary vehicles.

The data transmission between the traffic control system 204 and the control and / or monitoring device 224 can take place via traffic radio systems which belong to the prior art, in particular RDS (Radio Data System) or TMC (Traffic Message Channel).

The GSM network of mobile phones and the satellite navigation system GPS offer further options for data transmission.

For this purpose, when the traffic control system 204 is used, transmitters are arranged in the tunnel throughout the tunnel, which transmit or receive the traffic radio system Position determination of the vehicle in relation to geostationary satellites with GPS is made possible without gaps.

It is advantageous in an embodiment in connection with GPS that the display of the GPS device in the area of the traffic control system 204 can simultaneously take over the function of the display device 225, and so the control and / or monitoring device 224 is substantially simplified or can be omitted entirely.

Furthermore, it is also possible for the vehicle 208, even with a proximity indicator or sensor 227, which can operate on a radar or laser basis, to determine the distance from the vehicle 208 to the next stationary vehicle 209 in addition to the externally transmitted signals. (See Fig. 9)

The control electronics or the software in the computing unit 226 can link all the data for monitoring the distance to the vehicle 209 with suitable computing methods.

Of course, it is also possible, however, to graphically show the driver the distance to the obstacle, for example the last vehicle 209 in a column, with different colors on a display, for example an LCD display or screen, so that the necessary driving measures are taken in each case can then be initiated.

In this context, it is of course also possible to arrange in the control and monitoring device 224 a signaling device 228 for emitting acoustic or optical signals, for example if the deceleration process is not initiated in good time, in order to startle the driver and draw attention to the dangerous situation ,

It is furthermore possible for a bar display element 229 to be arranged on the control and / or monitoring device 224, which indicates the area with red light to signal the end of the traffic jam, the area with yellow light to inform the driver of the approaching vehicle 208 indicate that he has to brake and the area with green light to represent the free travel distance, individually and in real time. This bar display element 229 can also be integrated in the above-mentioned display or screen. For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for better understanding, the emergency vehicle 18, 101 or its components have been partially shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

The object on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

Above all, the individual in FIGS. 1; 2; 3; 4; 5, 6; 7, 8; 9, 10; 1 1 shown designs and measures form the subject of independent, inventive solutions. The relevant tasks and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

Tunnel 41 transmission element tunnel portal 42 hose fresh air duct 43 exhaust travel 44 connecting piece fan 45 flap

Cross duct 101 emergency vehicle ventilation control 102 tunnel air duct 103 false ceiling fan 104 air space false ceiling 105 tunnel wall connection 106 intermediate wall middle 107 fresh air duct ceiling part 108 exhaust air duct supply air duct 109 breakthrough exhaust duct 110 tunnel area intermediate wall 111 roadway flap 112 chassis emergency vehicle 113 drive unit 114 driving and operating cabin lifting device 115 box body construction 116 Equipment Drive 117 Conveyor and pressure device Switch box 118 Output module Connection line 119 Water cannon sliding plate 120 Roof fan 121 Air mounting 122 Adjustment device Damage point 123 Drive flame 124 Air blower Arrow 125 Scissor lever arrangement Arrow 126 Hydraulic drive tunnel section 127 arrow (flue gas) Tunnel section 128 arrow (fresh air) fan 129 Footprint opening 130 axis of rotation arrow 131 distance transmission element 132 opening suction hood 133 ceiling element inflow opening 134 support device Attention roller arrangement 135 hose trolley 136 landing gear 201 traffic area

137 trailer hitch 202 lanes

138 hose reel 203 lane limitation

139 Supply hose 204 traffic control system

140 axis of rotation 205 traffic lights

141 end 206 measuring and / or signaling unit

142 hose coupling direction

143 supply line 207 arrow

144 end 208 vehicle

145 connecting hose 209 vehicle

210 measuring device

146 Detection device 21 1 distance

147 control and display devices 212 presence detectors

148 driving robot 213 infrared sensor

149 hose reel 214 scoreboard

150 hose end 215 pipe

151 hose end 216 line

152 Impact wall mounted 217 central computer

153 nozzle 218 distance

154 water jet 219 speakers

155 baffle plate 220 signal light

156 water curtain 221 signal light

157 extinguish water jet 222 signal light

158 end face 223 light element

159 detection element 224 control and / or monitoring unit

160 Data line direction

225 display device

161 telescopic boom 226 computing unit

162 water cannon 227 sensor

163 end area 228 signaling device

164 hose reel 229 bar display element

165 Tempest fans

166 manipulation device

167 Vehicle front cover

168 heat protection shield

169 ceramic tile

170 image capture device

171 sensors

180 axis

181 swivel arm 182 hose

183 hydrant

184 driver's cabin

185 video camera

Claims

Patent claims

1. Device for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102) with a device for moving an air mass, such as a blower or a suction device, characterized in that the device in the Travel space (4) and / or the air duct (8), in particular exhaust air duct (15, 108), is introduced as required and is driven by its own drive and a separate energy source.

2. Device for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102) with a device for moving an air mass, such as a blower or a suction device, the tunnel (1, 102) Has at least one air duct (8) that is structurally separate from the driving space (4), characterized in that recesses which can additionally be opened are arranged in the air duct for the supply and / or exhaust air.

3. Device for combating damage events and or for extracting pollutant-containing air in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102) with a device for moving an air mass, such as a blower or a suction device, the tunnel (1, 102) at least has a structurally separate air duct (8) from the driving space (4), characterized in that a preferably air- or smoke-tight transmission element is arranged between at least one opening of an air duct and an air consumer or an exhaust air generator.

4. Device for combating damage events and or for extracting pollutant-containing air in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102) with a device for moving an air mass, such as a blower or a suction device, the tunnel (1, 102) at least has an air duct (8) structurally separate from the driving space (4), characterized in that a device is arranged in the air duct (8) which is additionally activated in the event of a damage.

5. Device for fighting damage events in a driving space

Tunnels, in particular self-propelled emergency vehicles (18, 101) provided with a drive. with a conveying and pressure device (1 17) for extinguishing water and at least one water cannon (162) connected to it and at least with feeder means for supplying the extinguishing water to the conveyor and pressure device (117), for example a tank, characterized in that a device for shielding heat and / or smoke is arranged on the emergency vehicle (18, 101).

6. Device for combating damage events in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102), in particular a self-propelled emergency vehicle (18, 101) provided with a drive, with a delivery and pressure device (117) for extinguishing water and at least one with it water cannons (162) in line connection and at least with feed means for supplying the extinguishing water to the conveying and pressure device (117), for example a tank, characterized in that the water cannon (162) can be adjusted by means of a manipulation device (166), which is preferably arranged in a driving and operating cabin in control and display devices in areas distant from the device.

7. Device for combating damage events in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102), in particular with a self-propelled emergency vehicle (18, 101) provided with a drive, with a delivery and pressure device (117) for extinguishing water and at least one with it water cannons (162) in line connection and at least with feed means for supplying the extinguishing water to the conveying and printing device (117), for example a tank, characterized in that an air blower (124) can be adjusted relative to the device via a manipulation device (166).

8. Device for fighting damage events in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102), in particular a self-propelled emergency vehicle (18, 101) provided with a drive, with a delivery and pressure device (117) for extinguishing water and at least one with this water cannon (162) in line connection and at least with feed means for supplying the extinguishing water to the conveying and pressure device (11), for example a tank, characterized in that the device is connected to an external lane deployment device.

9. Device for combating damage events in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102), in particular a self-propelled emergency vehicle (18, 101) provided with a drive, with a conveying and pressure device (1 17) for extinguishing water and at least one with this water cannon (162) in line connection and at least with feed means for supplying the extinguishing water to the conveying and pressure device (117), for example a tank, characterized in that the connection to the external application device and / or supply means, in particular for supplying the extinguishing water, preferably telescopic booms that can be pivoted about vertical axes.

10. Device for combating damage events in a driving space (4) of a tunnel (1, 102), in particular a self-propelled emergency vehicle (18, 101) provided with a drive, with a conveying and pressure device for extinguishing water and at least one in line connection with it Water cannon (1 19) and at least with feed means for supplying the extinguishing water to the conveyor and pressure device (117), for example a tank, characterized in that a vehicle front cladding (167) is arranged upstream of the emergency vehicle (18, 101) and a heat protection shield (168) for heat and / or smoke, which can be switched off and in particular unfolded as required, is arranged.

1 1. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the device by an exhaust fan or a fan, in particular a high-performance fan, for an air flow between 40 to 200 m ³ / s, preferably between 60 and 120 m ³ / s, is formed.

12. Device according to one of claims 2 to 1 1, characterized in that the recess for receiving and / or passing through additional mobile units (19), such as exhaust fans, fans, compressors or the like. Is formed.

13. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the air duct (8) is arranged above the driving space (4) and is separated by the driving space (4) by an intermediate ceiling (10).

14. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air duct (8) has at least one fresh air duct (3) and / or exhaust air duct (15).

15. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a closable connection (1 1) is also provided in an arrangement of several air channels (8) between them.

16. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (12) by in the false ceiling (10) arranged, fold out bare or extractable ceiling parts (13) are formed.

17. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection (1 1) means (12) in the form of flaps (17, 45), slide or the like are assigned.

18. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceiling parts (13) and or flaps (17, 45) are arranged displaceably.

19. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceiling parts (13) and / or the flaps (17, 45) and / or the slide are arranged alternately.

20. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (12) are connected to an adjusting drive.

21. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator can be actuated automatically via a control.

22. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (12) can be connected into an opening position due to gravity due to their unlocking.

23. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device or the additional additional unit (19) via a vehicle, in particular an emergency vehicle (18, 101) can be brought into the recess or the air duct.

24. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (12) in the recess is actuated or evident via a construction (21) provided on the unit (19).

25. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 24, characterized in that the transmission means by a flexible in particular in the longitudinal direction scopable tube is formed.

26. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 25, characterized in that the device or the emergency vehicle (18, 101) via adjustable and the openings in the air channels (8) adjacent areas, such as rollers or

Air-cushioned transition aprons are provided, which can be connected to the device or the emergency vehicle (18, 101) or an intake manifold or exhaust (43) thereof via optionally flexible pipelines.

27. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the actuators, adjusting drives and / or manipulation devices (166) with control and / or display devices (147) preferably in a driving and operating cabin (1 14) Facility are arranged.

28. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that at least one air blower (124) from a position within an outer boundary of the device or the emergency vehicle (18, 101) is adjustable into a position outside the boundary.

29. Emergency vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that in the mounting receptacle (121) holding the air blower (124) adjusting device (122) for adjusting the air blower (124) in a direction perpendicular to and / or parallel to a contact surface (129) is arranged.

30. Emergency vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjusting device (122) is designed as a swivel device.

31. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air blower (124) is supported on the adjusting device (122) via a rotary device which forms a rotation axis (130) extending perpendicularly to the standing surface (129).

32. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (122) is formed by a scissor lever arrangement (125).

33. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (122) is formed by an articulated arm arrangement.

34. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (122) is driven by drive elements acted upon by a hydraulic supply system of the emergency vehicle (18, 101).

35. emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drives (123) of the adjusting device (122) are designed as electric motors or electric motor-driven spindle drives.

36. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (122) supports (134) with coupling elements, in particular for docking tunnel components e.g. Ceiling elements (133).

37. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external emergency device is formed by a hose car (135) which can be coupled to the emergency vehicle (18, 101) and is in particular designed to be movable as a trailer.

38. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hose carriage (135) via a supply hose (139) with an external supply line (143) for extinguishing water and the emergency vehicle (18, 101) is designed to be couplable.

39. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external emergency device is formed by a remote controllable driving robot (148).

40. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving robot (148) has a, in particular, remotely controllable jet pipe (153) of a water cannon (162) is arranged.

41. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hose reel (149) for a supply hose which can be coupled to the output module (1 18) of the emergency vehicle (18, 101) is arranged on the driving robot (148).

42. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an image capture device (170) with heat shielding is arranged on the emergency vehicle (18, 101) and or on the driving robot (148).

43. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sensor system (171) or a detection element (159) for detecting ambient conditions is arranged on the emergency vehicle (18. 101) and on the driving robot (148).

44. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving robot (148) is provided with an impact wall jet (152), a hydroshield which is part of the prior art.

45. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving robot (148) is connected to the control and display device (147) of the emergency vehicle (18, 101) via a data line (160).

46. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a manipulation device (166) for the water cannon (162) is arranged on the emergency vehicle (18. 101).

47. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the manipulation device (166) by a water cannon

(162) supporting articulated arm arm is formed in a plane parallel to the contact surface (129).

48. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the manipulation device (166) is provided by a water cannon (162) supporting telescopic boom (161) is formed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the emergency vehicle (18, 101) and in a plane parallel to the contact surface (129).

49. Emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an image capturing device (170) and or sensor system (171) is arranged in an end region of the telescopic boom (161) or the articulated arm arrangement which supports the water cannon (162).

50. emergency vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle front paneling (167) of the emergency vehicle (18, 101) is formed by ceramic tiles (169).

51. A method of approaching a source of fire and / or fighting a fire in a tunnel with an emergency vehicle, characterized in that smoke and flue gases accumulated during the journey to the source of the fire are conveyed from the source of the fire against the direction of travel of the emergency vehicle.

52. A method for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air in a driving space of a tunnel with at least one air space separated from the driving space, characterized in that the air in the air space is reinforced in some areas by an additional air blower.

53. A method for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air with at least one air space arranged outside the driving space, characterized in that an air flow directed against the damage area is built up with fresh air from the ends of the tunnel using a fan and, if necessary, in the area of the damage event, additional recesses in the airspace, in particular the airspace for the removal of the pollutants, are opened.

54. A method for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air with at least one air space arranged outside the driving space, characterized in that the pressure in the area of the damage event, for example by 0.2 bar to 1, on both sides of the pollutant event in the tunnel Pressure exceeding 0 bar is built up.

55. A method for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-old air with at least one air space arranged outside the driving space, characterized in that the device or the emergency vehicle is brought to a standstill in areas of the operating range with poor visibility and the Feeding agent for supplying the extinguishing water is connected to the supply line and the cooling process of the tunnel structure in the area of application is started.

56. Method for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air with at least one air space arranged outside the driving space, characterized in that the control of the extinguishing process and / or the external

Insert device and / or the water cannon or the manipulation device based on the data of an image capture device on the device and / or the water cannon and / or the boom or the external insert device.

57. Method for combating damage events and / or for the extraction of pollutant-containing air with at least one air space arranged outside the driving space, characterized in that the supply of fresh air to the device or to the emergency vehicle or its drives and / or the removal of the pollutants via Transmission elements from or into the air channels.

58. A method for combating damage events and / or for extracting pollutant-containing air with at least one air space arranged outside the driving space, characterized in that after an overpressure has built up in the area adjacent to the damage area between the device or the emergency vehicle or in the area shielding the external application device and the damage area from heat and / or smoke by means of at least one water curtain covering the entire tunnel cross-section.

59. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water jet discharged from water cannons on the manipulation device and or on the device or the emergency vehicle and / or the external emergency device penetrates at least one water curtain.

60. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the firefighting with discontinuous alternating forward movement of the emergency vehicle and the driving robot in the direction of the source of the fire.

61. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that to intensify the air exchange at least one air blower for fresh air supply and at least one air blower for flue gas removal outside the outline of the emergency vehicle is adjusted and operated, preferably the air blower for flue gas removal through apparent breakthroughs is placed in an exhaust duct in the false ceiling.