EP2049734B1 - Traffic system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a traffic installation having at least two traffic routes arranged one above the other, which each comprise at least one traffic area, which traffic area is completely enclosed at least over a certain length, the enclosure having at least one transparent element allowing a view out of the enclosure.

Description

The invention relates to a traffic device, comprising at least two superimposed traffic routes, each comprising at least one traffic area. A generic traffic facility is in the FR-A-2 557 170 disclosed.

A traffic device with at least two superposed traffic routes includes, for example, two superimposed roads, z. B. in a bridge, wherein at least two traffic areas in the form of lanes are arranged one above the other. However, it is also possible to arrange traffic routes with rails or other guiding and conveying systems one above the other. The lanes are, apart from guardrails, usually open to the edges of the road, which has the disadvantage that noise and fumes, which are caused by running on the lanes vehicles are freely released directly into the environment and the lanes themselves are constantly exposed to the weather. Especially in metropolitan areas and cities the noise and the exhaust fumes of vehicles represent a not inconsiderable burden for humans and animals.

In traffic routes for rail vehicles, especially trains, as well as traffic routes for cars, especially highways, so-called noise barriers at least for noise protection for residents of a traffic route on both sides of a traffic route, but usually have the disadvantage that they from the traffic route no view outside into the environment of the traffic route. Road users, whether travelers on a train or in a car, who are claustrophobic, can therefore get anxiety or even anxiety on the road as in a tunnel.

The invention is therefore based on the object to carry out a traffic device of the type mentioned in such a way that it is better adapted to the needs of road users and / or residents.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a traffic device having the features of claim 1. It is therefore proposed to arrange two traffic routes one above the other, whereby a space-saving, environmentally friendly traffic management can be realized, since the traffic routes do not require a large amount of space next to each other, but to save space on each other. This is not only relevant for agglomerations and cities where space and space are available anyway, but also in terms of reduced space requirements for transport routes in general, which can reduce progressive soil sealing. The traffic area, for example a single-lane roadway, may have emergency, breakdown or alternative bays at certain intervals.

Furthermore, the simultaneous enclosure of the traffic areas over at least a certain length results in the advantage that no uncontrolled emission of noise and exhaust gases to the surroundings of the vehicle can take place. Thus, for example, the conditions are created exhaust gases z. B. to filter before they are released into the environment. Due to the at least partial enclosure of the traffic areas of the traffic routes, these are protected against external weather influences such as high heat, rain, ice and snow, although other coverings and / or rails can be used as previously. By enclosing the traffic areas can be particularly with regard to rain, ice and Snow reduces the risk of accidents. Furthermore, there are savings, for example, the winter service, which is practically not or only partially necessary for hushed traffic areas. The traffic areas themselves are exposed by the enclosure of a lower weather-related corrosion, so that the expenses for the preservation of the traffic areas can be reduced. The expenses include not only the lower costs for repair work on the traffic areas, but also the lower operating costs of the facilities and vehicles needed for the care and maintenance of the traffic areas. The maintenance of such a traffic facility is thus more economical.

Another advantage of the traffic device according to the invention consists in the at least one, the view from the enclosure gestattenden transparent element, as can be avoided by the visual connection to the outside, so from the enclosure in an advantageous manner that users of the transport facility, be it travelers or Driver, anxiety or anxiety. As a rule, the enclosure has a plurality of transparent elements which preferably extend along the entire enclosure, preferably on both sides of the traffic area of a traffic route. The element or elements are so transparent that structures and objects outside the enclosure are at least schematically recognizable in terms of outlines and / or colors. Preferably, a transparent element allows for clarity through the element, as is the case with a clear plastic or glass sheet. The element may have a tint and / or color, for example, as protection in strong sunlight.

According to one exemplary embodiment of the invention, the transparent element or elements are arranged in such a way that they or the transparent element allow a view through the element at least at the level of visibility of a road user using the traffic area. Depending on how the traffic area is used, so are the transparent Elements arranged such that a road user in his sight height or eye level as possible has a clear view to the outside of the housing out.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a traffic route for an automobile and / or for a bicycle and / or a pedestrian and / or for a rail-bound vehicle is provided at the traffic facility. In this case, there are a variety of possible combinations of traffic routes in the traffic facility. Thus, for example, two traffic routes provided for automobiles can be arranged one above the other or a traffic route provided for automobiles and two-wheeled vehicles can be arranged via a traffic route provided for rail-bound vehicles.

In particular, in order to keep the footprint requirement for the traffic facility as low as possible, the traffic routes of the traffic facility are at least over a certain length substantially the same running, vertically above one another, arranged in different levels.

According to embodiments of the invention, the traffic means comprises a supporting structure for the traffic routes arranged one above the other, which preferably comprises concrete, for example reinforced concrete and / or a space frame. So it is possible to manufacture the support structure, for example made of reinforced concrete or a space framework or a combination of reinforced concrete and space framework. The space frame comprises tubes or rods and connecting elements for the tubes or rods, wherein the tubes or rods are usually formed of steel and tapered at the ends to connect them in particular using spherical fasteners to static constructions with each other , Such space frameworks are, for example, manufactured and constructed by the company MERO-TSK International GmbH & Co. KG located in Würzburg, which uses, for example, steel tubes and so-called meroknots as connecting elements, the certain angular settings in the Specify construction. Alternatively, aluminum, GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and / or CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), as well as other plastics can be used as materials.

According to embodiments of the invention, there is the possibility that the supporting structure has at least one supporting pillar, but preferably a plurality of supporting pillars, which at least partially accommodate the traffic routes. However, there is also the possibility of designing the supporting structure in such a way that it not only carries a traffic route, but that it completely houses at least one traffic area of a traffic route, at least over a certain length. In this case, therefore, a traffic area is enclosed by the supporting structure. The traffic facility can be designed such that only one traffic area of a traffic route over a certain length of the support structure is completely enclosed or that all traffic areas or all roads of the traffic facility are completely enclosed by the support structure.

In particular, when the supporting structure einhaust completely a traffic route or a traffic area of a traffic route over a certain length, provides an embodiment of the invention that the transparent element window-like or soundproof window-like design and is inserted as a window or soundproof windows in the support structure, wherein a Traffic path at least in the viewing height of a traffic user using the traffic surface of the roadway at least one window-like or soundproof window-like element, preferably several, along the traffic route extending window-like or scliallscliutzfensterartige elements. As already indicated, these may be windows or soundproof windows.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the transparent element preferably has a sound-absorbing surface on its side facing the traffic surface of the traffic route, which may for example be honeycomb-shaped.

The transparent element may comprise, for example, polycarbonate or other plastics such as acrylic or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) or glass, or be formed at least partially from plastic, polycarbonate, acrylic, PMMA or glass. Polycarbonates are synthetic polymers from the polyester family. Polycarbonates are crystal-clear, dyeable, weldable and stickable, as well as very dimensionally stable and also have a high impact strength. Polycarbonates are known, for example, under the trade name Makrolon of Bayer AG or Lexan the plastics division of General Electric. Polymethylmethacrylate is also known under the trade name "Plexiglas". Plexiglas and acrylic or acrylic glass are synthetic, glass-like thermoplastics

According to embodiments of the invention, the transparent element may be multi-layered or multi-layered, for example, such that a plurality of transparent plates, which may be spaced from one another, construct a transparent element. A transparent element can also have a plurality of transparent, interconnected sub-elements, wherein the sub-elements form, for example, a transparent plate.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the transparent element comprises a cavity, which can be obtained, for example, in that the transparent element has two spaced-apart transparent plates. Preferably, the two plates of the transparent element are separated by at least one web. With the or more web (s) to be achieved in particular that the two transparent plates of the transparent element as far as possible over the entire extent of the transparent element away as equidistant from each other are spaced apart. The number and arrangement of the webs per transparent element is preferably selected as a function of the dimensional stability of the two transparent plates of the transparent element. In a multilayer embodiment of the transparent element, this can have cavities, in particular for sound insulation. In the Soundproof version, the transparent element can also be a soundproof window.

According to the invention, it is provided that the transparent element having the two spaced-apart plates is arranged with a first side in a first strip, which has a U-shaped cross-sectional profile. The first strip has in one of the traffic area facing legs of the U-shaped cross-sectional profile at least one opening, preferably a plurality of openings along the bar to an interior of the first bar on which interior is connected to the cavity of the transparent element. The transparent element is arranged with a second, opposite the first longitudinal edge side longitudinal edge side in a second bar with a U-shaped or double U-shaped cross-sectional profile, wherein the second bar a along the second bar extending connected to the cavity of the transparent element Interior has. This embodiment of a transparent element with cavity and the arrangement in a first and a second strip allows the opening of the first strip, the interior of the first strip, the cavity of the transparent element and the interior of the second strip form a channel, which preferably is connected to a device for supplying fresh air and / for the extraction of exhaust air. Thus, if a transparent element forms, for example, a wall section of an enclosure of a traffic area with a first and a second strip, exhaust air can preferably be sucked out of the enclosure via the described channel and fed, for example, to a filter device. But it is also possible, as already mentioned, to use the channel for supplying fresh air into the enclosure. The device for supplying fresh air and / or for sucking off exhaust air has, for example, a pipe system connected to the channel or to a plurality of such channels, which cooperates with a ventilation system for supplying fresh air and / or for exhausting exhaust air.

An embodiment of the invention provides that at least one traffic route is assigned at least one device, which is preferably independent of the transparent element, for supplying fresh air into and / or exhausting exhaust air from the housing of the traffic route. This may be, for example, a ventilation system connected to a pipe system, as is known, for example, from tunnel devices of large road tunnels for automobiles.

The at least one transparent element having housing for at least part of a traffic area of a traffic route may be formed, for example, tunnel-shaped. An enclosure may have at least two side walls, at least one side wall of which is at least partially formed by a transparent element. The enclosure may be V-shaped or U-shaped, for example. According to a variant of the invention, however, the enclosure can also have a separately executed roof, wherein the roof can also comprise at least one transparent element.

With a view to maximum transparency, it can be provided that the enclosure of the enclosure is constructed almost completely of transparent elements.

Furthermore, it is possible for the enclosure to have at least one transparent element which encompasses a longitudinal extent and is arcuate in cross-section. Preferably, two arcuate transparent elements are connected to each other, for example, via a double-U-shaped strip so that they form a U-shaped portion of an enclosure. With sufficient elasticity of the material for the transparent element and only a transparent arcuate element can form a U-shaped portion of an enclosure. The arcuate transparent element may also comprise a plurality of transparent sub-elements which are bonded or glued together, for example, by silicone are connected by appropriate strips, such as the company Schüco or the company Schmidlin technology.

Regardless of the formation of an enclosure or roofing of an enclosure, the enclosure or shelter may have at least one opening for air exchange and / or fire protection, such as smoke and heat flaps. The opening may be at the apex of the enclosure or canopy. Preferably, the opening on the side facing away from the wind of the traffic device is provided in order to avoid unwanted wind influences, especially in strong winds, in the enclosure inside. Preferably, the opening in the enclosure or canopy is at least one opening gap extending along the enclosure or the canopy.

An embodiment of the invention provides that a traffic route has at least one groove-shaped recess and / or at least one channel and / or at least one empty tube, which can be arranged on the top and / or bottom of the traffic route or the traffic area of the traffic route. The recess, the channel or the empty pipe are for example for receiving supply lines, for. B. of electrical supply lines, or for receiving electrical control lines or for supplying fresh air or suction of exhaust air or for conducting liquids.

As a safety device, a traffic route according to an embodiment of the invention has at least one impact protection, wherein the impact protection is preferably arranged on each side of a traffic area of a traffic route. If a traffic area of a traffic route is, for example, a roadway for automobiles and / or two-wheeled vehicles, the roadway has such impact protection at its roadside edge, that is to say at the edge of the traffic area. In the impact protection is preferably a laterally stable guide protection or a stable guide along the traffic route, the or in particular at a Traffic route, which is arranged on another traffic route, a fall of a means of transport, either as a result of accident or carelessness of a driver to prevent. The impact protection can be designed in the form of a guardrail or in the form of a wall and form part of the enclosure.

The impact protection preferably has a sound-absorbing surface on its side facing the traffic area. The sound absorbing surface may have a special surface structure with recesses (e.g., holes) or other sound refracting elements. It can also be applied appropriate mats or panels, coatings or plasters.

Furthermore, the impact protection according to embodiments of the invention may have an opening for supplying fresh air and at least one groove-shaped recess and / or at least one channel and / or at least one empty tube, for example for receiving electrical supply or control lines. Preferably, the recess and / or the channel and / or the empty tube of the impact protection and / or the traffic route for receiving at least one component of a traffic control system are provided. It is conceivable that with such a traffic control system in a kind of autopilot function, for example, the traffic route using means are controlled so that the means of transport automatically the correct speed, the necessary distances to each other and to the side, which allows such a traffic control system in particular, by the automatic control of the distance to the side to make the traffic area very narrow. Due to the weather-independent enclosure, better guiding guides and / or driverless systems are also possible, which can also be used like escalators (for example in the roof).

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one groove-shaped recess, the at least one channel and / or the at least one empty tube of the traffic route and / or the impact protection of the traffic route be provided for receiving at least one component of an automatic transport system for a means of transport, for example a vehicle. Such a transport system may be, for example, a towing system or a transport system having at least one conveyor belt. The towing system can be designed such that a vehicle with a vehicle component, for example a tab, is hooked into a hook of the towing system and the towing system automatically guides the vehicle over the traffic route. Similarly, this can be done with one or more transport conveyors.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the traffic area of a traffic route at least one roadway for automobiles and / or for two-wheelers, at least one way emergency and escape route for pedestrians and / or two-wheelers without auxiliary motor or at least one rail track for rail vehicles. A traffic route can have only one traffic area for one traffic direction, several traffic areas for one traffic direction or multiple traffic areas for opposite traffic directions. In particular, the traffic areas for opposite traffic directions of a traffic route are separated according to an embodiment of the invention by an impact protection.

If the traffic area is a carriageway for automobiles and / or for two-wheeled vehicles and / or a path for pedestrians and / or two-wheelers without an auxiliary motor and / or a traffic area having a rail track, the carriageway or traffic area preferably has a sound-absorbing surface Surface on. The sound-absorbing surface has, for example, a whispering asphalt. The sound-absorbing surface may have a special surface structure with depressions (eg holes) or other sound-breaking elements (eg trapeziums or honeycombs). A ceiling over a traffic area may also have such a sound-absorbing surface.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the traffic device has at least one signaling system for indicating the traffic direction on a traffic area of a traffic route. This is particularly advantageous if a traffic area of a traffic route can be used in both traffic directions.

Incidentally, access to the traffic routes and leaving the traffic routes preferably takes place via ramps, driveways, descents, elevators and / or parking garages attached to the traffic routes.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the traffic device has at least one emergency, escape or rescue route. Furthermore, at least one traffic route of the traffic facility can have at least one emergency, breakdown or alternative route. Especially with single-lane traffic areas or lanes such emergency, breakdown or alternative bays are recommended to avoid obstruction of the flow of traffic.

FIG 1

in einer teilweise geschnittenen Darstellung eine Teilansicht einer Verkehrseinrichtung,

FIG 2

einen Ausschnitt eines Schnitts durch eine Einhausung der Verkehrseinrichtung aus FIG 1,

FIG 3

in einer teilweise geschnittenen Darstellung einen Ausschnitt einer Innenansicht einer Einhausung aus FIG 1,

FIG 4

einen Ausschnitt einer anderen Ausführungsform einer Verkehrseinrichtung,

FIG 5

eine Schnittansicht in Richtung der Pfeile V aus FIG 4 und

FIG 6 bis 9

weitere Ausführungsbeispiele erfindungsgemäßer Verkehrseinrichtungen.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying schematic drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

in a partially sectioned representation of a partial view of a traffic facility,

FIG. 2

a section of a section through an enclosure of the traffic facility FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

in a partially sectioned view of a section of an interior view of an enclosure FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4

a detail of another embodiment of a traffic facility,

FIG. 5

a sectional view in the direction of the arrows V out FIG. 4 and

FIGS. 6 to 9

Further embodiments of inventive traffic facilities.

In FIG. 1 a first embodiment of a traffic device according to the invention is shown, are arranged in the three traffic routes substantially the same running, vertically one above the other, in three different planes. In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, the first traffic route 1 is provided for trains 4 for rail vehicles. The traffic area 5 of the traffic route 1 has two rail tracks 6 for the trains 4.

The second traffic route 2 and the third traffic route 3 are traffic routes for automobiles 7 and in the case of the present exemplary embodiment FIG. 1 not shown motorized two-wheelers. Both the traffic route 2 and the traffic route 3, in the case of the present embodiment, each have only one traffic area in the form of a roadway 8 or 9, which is provided in each case for only one direction of traffic, such as the position of the automobiles 7 and the arrows entered for this purpose can be.

In the case of in FIG. 1 In the embodiment shown, the traffic facility has a supporting structure, in particular for the traffic routes 2 and 3, which comprises a plurality of supporting pillars. In FIG. 1 Such a support pillar 10 of the support structure is shown, which is formed in the case of the present embodiment U-shaped and has to support the traffic routes 2 and 3 cross struts 11, wherein in FIG. 1 only the cross member 11 for the traffic route 2 can be seen. The supporting structure as a whole or its supporting pillars 10 can at least partially be constructed of concrete, reinforced concrete, aluminum, plastics containing hybrid materials, GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), other plastics as well as a space framework to be explained later. There is the possibility of combining different building materials and materials with each other to build the supporting structure, in particular the supporting pillar 10 of the supporting structure or to assemble with each other.

The traffic routes 2 and 3 are essentially the same and have in FIG. 1 not explicitly shown, a plurality of traffic route sections, which are supported by the support pillars 10 of the support structure. In the case of the present embodiment, the sections of the traffic routes 2 and 3 are made of reinforced concrete and each have an impact protection 12 in the form of a wall 12 on both sides of the roadway 8 and 9, respectively. The impact protection 12 is intended in particular to prevent the vehicle 7 from one of the traffic lanes 2 or 3 from falling in the event of an accident involving a vehicle 7, whether due to collision of the vehicle 7 with another vehicle 7 or carelessness of the vehicle driver.

In the case of the present embodiment, the traffic routes 2 and 3 groove-shaped recesses, channels and conduits, which can serve to receive supply lines, such as electrical supply lines, electrical control lines, exhausts, conveyors, etc. In the case of the traffic route 2, this has at the top of the roadway 8 a groove-shaped recess 13 extending along the roadway 8 and three empty tubes 14 on its underside. The impact protection 12 on both sides of the roadway 8 of the traffic route 2 has in each case on its side facing the roadway 8 a channel 15 extending along the traffic route 2. In the case of the present embodiment, the recess 13 and the channels 15 are covered.

In the traffic route 2 comparable manner, the traffic route 3 in the case of the present embodiment on its upper side of the track 9, a groove-shaped recess 13 and on its underside an empty tube 14 and two groove-shaped recesses 16. The impact protectors 12 on both sides of the roadway 9 of the traffic route 3, as in the traffic route 2 in the direction of the roadway 9 each have a channel 15.

The recesses 13 and 16 and the empty tube 14 and the channels 15 in turn extend at least over a partial area along the traffic route 3. The recesses 13 and 16 and the channels 15 of the traffic route 3 are covered again in the case of the present embodiment.

The lanes 8 and 9 as well as the impact protectors 12 arranged laterally of the lanes 8 and 9, in particular the surfaces of the impact protectors 12 facing the lanes 8 and 9 respectively, each have a sound-absorbing surface 34 or 35 in the case of the present exemplary embodiment. These may be rough or sound-refracting elements having surfaces with depressions, holes, etc. But it can also soundproofing panels, mats, coatings, plasters, etc. may be provided.

Both the traffic route 2 and the traffic route 3 are in the case of in the FIG. 1 shown embodiment completely enclosed at least over a certain path section simultaneously. The tunnel-shaped housings 17 of the traffic lanes 2 and 3 are formed substantially the same in the case of the present embodiment, which is why in the following reference is made only to the housing 17 of the traffic route 3.

FIG. 2 shows a section of a section through the housing 17 of the traffic route 3, which was made transversely to the longitudinal extent of the housing 17. From the FIG. 1 and 2 It can be seen that in the case of the present embodiment, the housing 17 is composed of several components. The housing 17 comprises on both sides of the roadway 9 each arranged on an impact protection 12, extending along the traffic route 3 strips 18, which, as from FIG. 2 can be seen to have a U-shaped cross-sectional profile. As a rule, the traffic route 3 has a plurality of such strips 18 which, as already mentioned, each extend along the traffic route 3. In a bar 18 in the case of the present embodiment, preferably equidistantly spaced transparent plates 19 and 20, which have a longitudinal extent in the direction of the traffic route 3, are arranged.

The plates 19, 20, which preferably at certain intervals via webs 28 (see. FIG. 3 ) are connected to each other, thereby include a cavity 25. The plates 19 and 20 and the connecting webs 28 are part of a transparent element 21, which is arranged with a side longitudinal edge, as already mentioned, in the bar 18. As a rule, the enclosure 17 of the traffic sealing system has a plurality of such transparent elements 21, which extend in the direction of the traffic route 3 in a row. The other side longitudinal edge of the transparent element 21 is arranged in the case of the present embodiment in a second strip 22, which in the case of the present embodiment has a double U-shaped cross-sectional profile and serves as a link between two transparent elements 21, which together with the strips 18th and 22 form a partial section of the housing 17.

The bar 18 has along its extension of the traffic route 3 usually a plurality of openings, of which in FIG. 2 an opening 23 is shown by way of example. The opening 23 leads to an interior 24 of the strip 18, which extends along the bar 18. The interior 24 of the strip 18 and the cavity 25 of the transparent element 21 are connected to each other in such a way that an exchange of media is possible. Incidentally, the strip 22 likewise has an interior space 26 or 27, which inner spaces 26, 27 extend along the strip 22 or the traffic route 3. The opening 23 and the interior 24 of the bar 18, the cavity 25 of the transparent element 21 and the interior 26 of the bar 22 thereby form a channel for supplying fresh air into the interior of the traffic route 3 and / or for sucking off exhaust air from the Interior of the traffic route 3 can be used. In FIG. 3 is shown in a schematic interior view, ie in a view from the traffic route 3 in the outward direction of the principle of extraction of exhaust air by means of the described channel. Via the openings 23 exhaust air can be sucked into the interior 24 of the strip 18, which is sucked through the cavity 25 of the transparent element 21 and the interior 26 of the strip 22. These are, as in FIG. 3 shown, for example, in the buttresses 10 of Traffic device corresponding suction devices, which are connected to the strips 22, available. In FIG. 3 exemplarily such a suction unit 30 is shown schematically, which may for example contain a fan. How out FIG. 3 can be seen, 10 exhaust air from the interior of the traffic route 3 can be sucked with the help of the suction unit 30 on both sides of the support post. In FIG. 3 By the way, webs 28 are also shown which, as already mentioned, connect the plates 19 and 20 of a transparent element 21 equidistantly with one another. How out FIG. 3 can be seen, the housing 17 usually has a plurality of strips 18, 22 and a plurality of transparent elements 21.

Furthermore, it is off FIG. 3 to recognize that in the case of the present embodiment, the impact protection 12 may have openings for supplying fresh air into the interior of the traffic route 3. Exemplary is in FIG. 3 such an opening 29 is shown.

In the case of the present embodiment, the strips 18 and 22 are preferably formed of a corrosion-resistant metal, plastic or a coated metal alloy. The transparent plates 19 and 20 of the transparent element 21 are formed, for example, from polycarbonate with a clear view. In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, the surface 36 of the transparent plate 19 of a transparent element 21 facing the interior of the traffic route 3 is sound-absorbing, which need not necessarily be the case. Due to the sound-absorbing design of this surface 36 of the transparent element 21 and the roadway 9 and the surfaces of the impact protection 12 results from the enclosure 17 of the roadway 9 no increased noise pollution for the traffic route 3 using road users.

As a soundproofing measure, alternatively or additionally, double walls may be provided for the enclosure 17 or parts of the enclosure 17 or any other enclosure.

In the case of the present embodiment, the transparent element 21 is formed with the plates 19, 20 arcuate. With sufficient elasticity of the plates 19 and 20, however, these need not be arcuate, but can be bent according to a planar training to order them in the strips 18 and 22 can.

Incidentally, the transparent element 21 can also be constructed in a multilayered manner, ie. H. In particular, for sound insulation to the outside, the transparent element 21 further transparent plates, which are arranged between the plates 19 and 20 have. However, the transparent element 21 need not necessarily have two or more transparent plates, but may be formed only of a single transparent plate or a plurality of directly interconnected transparent plates between which there is no cavity. In this case, the transparent element, in particular if it has only one or more directly interconnected transparent plates, be integrally formed arcuate.

As already mentioned, results from the at least partially complete enclosure of the lane 9 and 8 of the traffic route 2 and 3 on the one hand noise protection for the environment of the traffic facility, on the other hand get exhaust gases in the exhaust not unhindered in the environment, but can, for example by means the suction unit 30 are cleaned using appropriate filters. In addition, the traffic routes 2 and 3 are subject to less corrosion and the risk of accidents, especially in the colder snow and ice with bringing season is reduced. The arrangement of several traffic routes one above the other results in a considerable saving of the resource land, whereby additional synergies can be used. For example, in case of in FIG. 1 the embodiment of the electricity of the overhead line 39 of the traffic route 1 for the illumination of the traffic routes of the traffic facility or otherwise electrically powered Facilities of the traffic facility, such as traffic lights such as traffic lights and traffic direction displays are used.

In the 4 and 5 is a second embodiment of a traffic device in sections or in a sectional view in the direction of the arrows V from FIG. 4 shown. That in the 4 and 5 illustrated embodiment differs from that in the 1 to 3 shown embodiment, to the effect that the support structure 31 in the case of in the 4 and 5 illustrated embodiment, the traffic routes 1 to 3 at least over a certain portion of the traffic routes 1 to 3 completely encloses and thus einhaust. As already mentioned, the support structure 31 can be constructed of concrete, reinforced concrete, hybrid materials comprising plastics or of other materials. In order to allow a traffic participant using the traffic lanes 1 to 3 to avoid claustrophobic feelings or to avoid feelings of anxiety, a clear view of the supporting structure 31, has in the 4 and 5 illustrated on both sides of the lanes 8 and 9 and on both sides of the rail track of the traffic route 1 window-like transparent elements 32, which are arranged at least in the viewing height or eye level of the lanes 8 and 9 of the traffic routes 2 and 3 and the traffic route 1 using the road user like this FIG. 4 can be seen. The window-like transparent elements 32 can also be arranged directly adjacent to each other, so that between them no gaps, as in FIG. 4 shown, remain. The impact protection is in the case of in the 4 and 5 shown embodiment formed by the wall portion of the support structure 31 below the window-like transparent elements 32.

As in the case of the embodiment of the 1 to 3 also in the case of in the 4 and 5 shown embodiment, the lanes 8 and 9, the impact protection and the window-like transparent elements 32 on its the interior of the traffic routes 1 to 3 facing side a sound absorbing surface, which does not necessarily have to be the case. Rather, the window-like transparent elements 32 may be formed as ordinary windows or as a soundproof window. In addition, also in the 4 and 5 shown in connection with the traffic facility according to the FIG. 1 and 3 contain described functional elements or functional components. Shown is in FIG. 5 For example, for the traffic route 2 the provision of empty conduits, which in turn extend along the traffic route 2. The traffic routes may also have channels and / or recesses. Additionally is in FIG. 5 indicated that a gehäusten traffic route may be associated with a device preferably independent of the transparent element and its suction channel for supplying fresh air and / or for extracting exhaust air. In FIG. 5 is in the case of the present embodiment, a suction device 33, which may for example have a fan shown. The suction device 33 may be in in FIG. 5 not shown manner include a pipe system with which the exhaust air can optionally be discharged after a previous filtering to the environment. The exhaust air can also be discharged without filtering on uncritical for people to the environment.

That in the 4 and 5 shown embodiment of a traffic device additionally has a fourth traffic route 40, which is arranged above the traffic route 3 and in the case of the present embodiment for pedestrians and two-wheelers without auxiliary motor, such as bicycles 41, is provided. The traffic route 40 or its traffic surface 46 is also completely enclosed with arcuate transparent elements 42, 43 in the case of the present exemplary embodiment, at least over a partial area. The arcuate transparent elements 42, 43 are arranged in such a way to each other, or arranged on the support structure 31, that the housing has an opening, which is in the case of the present embodiment, an opening gap 44 extending along the housing. The arched transparent Elements 42, 43 are preferably held with webs 45 at a substantially constant distance from each other to form the opening gap 44. The opening gap 44, which preferably faces the side of the traffic device facing away from the wind, allows the inflow of fresh air into the traffic route 40. Thus, on the one hand there is a traffic route via openings 29 preferably arranged in an impact protection (cf. FIG. 3 ) or over one, as in FIG. 5 shown, opening gap 44 to supply fresh air. In particular, when using openings 29, they can be connected to a device that injects the fresh air targeted into the interior of the traffic routes.

In the 6, 7, 8 and 9 Further embodiments of traffic facilities are shown according to the invention.

The traffic routes 50, 51 of the FIG. 6 with their carriageway 52 and 53, in particular for automobiles 7, correspond essentially to the traffic lanes 2 and 3 of the previously described embodiments. The traffic routes 50, 51 each have an impact protection 12 on both sides of their roadway 52 and 53, respectively. In the case of in FIG. 6 the embodiment shown, the pillars, which in particular carry the traffic route 51, not recognizable. Between the impact protectors 12 of the traffic route 50 and the traffic route 51, window-like transparent elements 54 extend on both sides along the traffic route 50, whereby the traffic route 50 or the carriageway 52 of the traffic route 50 is completely enclosed, at least over a certain section. The window-like transparent elements 54 may be, for example, ordinary windows or soundproof windows. The traffic route 51 represents a kind of roof or ceiling 37 for the traffic route 50. The ceiling 37 can have a sound-absorbing surface. The sound absorbing surface of the ceiling 37 may be formed like the surface 34 or 35.

Similarly, the traffic route 51 is enclosed, the traffic route 51 having, in addition to the laterally arranged window-like transparent elements 54, a canopy 55, which may also be constructed from transparent elements or other roof elements. The roof 55 may have openings 56 for the discharge of exhaust gases or for the supply of fresh air. However, the roofing can also be associated with a suction device, with which the exhaust air or the exhaust gases are fed to a filter system or discharged into non-critical areas of the environment.

The in FIG. 6 shown embodiment, in particular, a possibility of use of the aforementioned groove-shaped recesses, channels or conduits of the traffic routes and the impact protection of the traffic routes are taken. Thus, for example, the channels 15 of the impact protectors 12 of the traffic lanes 50 and 51 serve to receive at least one component of a traffic control system. Such a traffic control system may for example have a kind of autopilot function, so that the traffic routes 50 and 51 using vehicles 7, which have corresponding communicating with the traffic control system, electrical devices, for example, can be controlled automatically. The control can be carried out, for example, to the effect that the vehicles comply with a prescribed speed or a certain distance to the vehicle in front or to the impact protectors 12, so that in particular the roadways 52 and 53 of the traffic routes 50 and 51 can be made particularly narrow.

Furthermore, in the FIG. 6 illustrated that in the recess 13 of the roadway 52, a component 57 of an automatic transport system for vehicles 7 can be arranged. In the case of in FIG. 6 In the embodiment shown, the transport system is an automatic towing system, with a respective hook 57 of the towing system being correspondingly provided in a corresponding counter-device, for example a lug 59 equipped vehicle 7 and automatically transport the vehicle 7 via the traffic route 50.

In each case 13 of the traffic route 51, in the case of the present exemplary embodiment, a conveyor belt 58 is arranged in each case, which likewise leads to a vehicle 7 being automatically guided via the traffic route 51 with the aid of the conveyor belts 58. With the help of such transport systems self-propelled vehicles 7 on the roads 50, 51 is not required.

If one of the traffic routes 50, 51 has a traffic control system and / or an automatic transport system, then these comprise at least one control device in the form of a program-controlled computing device (not shown). The control device of the traffic control system controls the vehicle management via the respective traffic route and the control device of the automatic transport system, the transport of the vehicles over the respective traffic route.

In the exemplary embodiments described so far, a traffic route in each case has only one traffic surface or roadway for a traffic direction. According to the embodiments of the FIGS. 7 and 8 However, a traffic route may also have a plurality of traffic areas for a traffic direction or opposite traffic directions.

At the in FIG. 7 In the embodiment shown, the traffic route 70 has two traffic areas 71 and 72 for trains 4. The traffic routes 73 and 74, which are arranged above the traffic route 70, likewise each have two traffic areas 75, 76 and 77, 78, which are separated from each other by an impact protection 12. In the case of in FIG. 7 illustrated embodiment, the support structure 79 is designed as a space frame with tubes 80 and connecting elements 81. The tubes 80 are connected to one another via the connecting elements or connection nodes 81 such that the supporting structure in the form of the space frame 79 results. The traffic routes 73 and 74 are off FIG. 7 in a manner not to be recognized, at least over a section, completely enclosed with the space framework, which for this purpose can be clad inside and / or outside, for example, with panels. In order to provide a clear view of a road user using the traffic routes 73 and 74, these also have FIG. 7 unrecognizable manner via corresponding arranged in the space frame 79 window-like transparent elements, as for example in the FIG. 4 are shown.

In FIG. 8 an embodiment of a traffic device is shown, in which in particular the traffic routes 82 and 83 each have two traffic areas. The traffic areas 84 and 85 are again provided for trains 4, while the traffic areas 86 and 87 of the traffic route 83 are provided for automobiles. The traffic route 88 is intended for use by pedestrians 89 or cyclists. The traffic routes 82, 83 and 88 are as in the case of in the 4 and 5 completely enclosed by a support structure 90 over at least a portion of its extension. The traffic routes are, as described above, associated with window-like transparent elements.

Especially in the case of in the FIGS. 7 and 8 In the exemplary embodiments shown, the traffic device can have signaling systems associated with the traffic areas of the traffic routes, with which, for example, the traffic direction can be displayed if traffic areas are optionally provided for use for two traffic directions. Accordingly, the direction of travel of the vehicles can be adapted to the respective traffic situation via the signal systems or traffic direction displays.

It is also possible to use the traffic areas of a traffic route by vehicles of a different type. For example, a traffic route may have a traffic area for automobiles and, in addition, a traffic area for trains.

Incidentally, access to the traffic routes takes place in a manner not shown in the figures, preferably via ramps, driveways, descents, elevators for the vehicles or also via attached parking garages.

The enclosures of the traffic routes may have emergency exits for emergency situations in a manner not shown. In FIG. 1 By way of example, an escape route 60 arranged on the supporting pillar 10 is shown, via which the traffic routes 2 and 3 can be left in an emergency. Such an emergency, escape or rescue route can also be like in FIG. 1 be hinted at with dashed lines. But it can also be provided only a kind of roofing for the emergency, escape or rescue route. The emergency, escape or emergency route can also be designed differently, for example, have a staircase with or without a staircase.

Furthermore, the traffic seal can have at least one element assigned to a traffic route and arranged inside the housing of the traffic route, which element is provided for noise separation and / or wind separation and / or demolition of exhaust gases, smoke clouds, etc. The element may, for example, be arranged on the housing and / or on an impact protector and extend at right angles or at a different angle in the direction of the traffic area of the traffic route, the element having a vertical longitudinal extent and an extension in the width, in the direction of the traffic area , The expansion in width, however, is such that traffic over the traffic area is not hindered. The element may be a spoiler or be constructed like a spoiler and have a spoiler edge and / or trapezoidal contour and / or another suitable inner contour to disturb a spoiler comparable to a flow or an air flow. As a rule, a traffic route has a plurality of such elements, which can be arranged on one or two sides of a traffic area, roadway, etc. The elements or spoilers serve, in particular, a suction, which can occur, for example, by vehicle movements within an enclosure, at least partially to prevent or prevent. Demolition edges of the elements or spoilers ensure a wind break or airflow separation. With the elements also a noise break, as well as a demolition of exhaust gas streams or smoke clouds, etc. can be effected. The element or the spoiler is preferably adapted in its form in each case the housing. An element or spoiler can therefore be rectangular, flat or arcuate, flat or triangular, flat, etc.

The traffic facilities described above represent only exemplary embodiments of the invention. For example, a traffic route for rail-bound vehicles can also be arranged above a traffic route for automobiles or pedestrians. Depending on the situation, traffic routes for different modes of transport can be arranged in different combinations one above the other.

The transparent element also does not necessarily have to be made of polycarbonate, but can also be made of glass, acrylic or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and with and without soundproofing.

In particular, if a traffic route has only one lane, lane, etc., it is advisable to provide evasive, emergency or breakdown bays at certain intervals along the traffic route. But traffic routes with multiple lanes, lanes, etc. may have such evasive, emergency or breakdown bays.

Furthermore, any mixed forms, inter alia, of the exemplary embodiments described are possible.

In FIG. 9 is for example a kind of mixed form between the in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 6 shown embodiments shown. The traffic facility of FIG. 9 like the Verkelirseinrichtung the FIG. 1 three traffic routes 1 to 3 on. Unlike the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, the traffic route 2 is not like the traffic route 3 arcuate housed, but points as the traffic route 50 of in FIG. 6 illustrated embodiment laterally transparent elements, wherein the underside of the traffic route 3 of the FIG. 9 serves as a blanket 37.

In the case of in FIG. 9 illustrated embodiment, a plurality of transparent elements 21 for forming a transparent housing 38, for example, glued together, for example, with silicone, or via corresponding strips 47 connected to each other. In the same way, the walls 48 of the traffic route 2 can be made up of transparent elements 21. A transparent element 21 can be constructed in the same way, not shown in the figures, even from several transparent sub-elements.

The Verkehxseinrichtung invention is provided not only for new buildings, but also for existing routes. In this case, it is possible to integrate existing traffic routes, be it railway lines or roads, for example, into the traffic facility or to supplement it with the traffic information. Thus, with the help of a supporting structure, further traffic routes can be arranged over an existing traffic route. For example, above an existing railway line further traffic routes, z. B. for automobiles, as in the FIGS. 1 . 5 . 7 and 8 represented, are arranged. It can for the traffic z. B. individual enclosures be provided or the supporting structure houses the traffic routes.

Incidentally, not all the traffic routes of a traffic facility must be enclosed. Preference is given to traffic routes which are used by vehicles whose operation produces noise and exhaust gases. For example, it is possible to dispense with the enclosure of a railway line if the trains running on it are mainly driven by electric motors (cf. FIG. 1 ).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 to 3

traffic routes

4

train

5

traffic area

6

rail track

7

Automobile or vehicle

8, 9

roadway

10

buttress

11

crossmember

12

impact protection

13

recess

14

conduit

15

channel

16

recess

17

housing

18

strip

19, 20

transparent plate

21

transparent element

22

strip

23

opening

24

inner space

25

cavity

26, 27

inner space

28

web

29

opening

30

suction unit

31

supporting structure

32

window-like transparent element

33

suction

34

sound-absorbing surface of the roadway

35

sound-absorbing surface of the impact protection

36

sound-absorbing surface of the transparent element

37

blanket

38

housing

39

catenary

40

Thoroughfare

41

bicycle

42, 43

arcuate transparent element

44

opening gap

45

web

46

traffic area

47

strip

48

wall

50, 51

Thoroughfare

52, 53

roadway

54

transparent element

55

canopy

56

opening

57

Hitch the towing device

58

conveyor belts

59

flap

60

escape ladder

70

Thoroughfare

71, 72

traffic area

73, 74

Thoroughfare

75 to 78

traffic areas

79

Spaceframe

80

pipe

81

connecting element

82

Thoroughfare

83

Thoroughfare

84, 85

traffic areas

86, 87

traffic areas

88

Thoroughfare

89

pedestrian

90

supporting structure

Claims (15)

1. Traffic installation having

   a) at least two traffic ways (1, 2, 3, 40, 50, 51, 70, 73, 74, 82, 83, 88) which are arranged one above the other

   b) and each comprising at least one traffic surface (5, 8, 9, 46, 52, 53, 71, 72, 75 to 78, 84 to 87),

   c) which traffic surface (5, 8, 9, 46, 52, 53, 71, 72, 75 to 78, 84 to 87) is completely enclosed at least over a specific length,

   d) the enclosure (17, 31, 79, 90) having at least one transparent element (21, 32, 54) which makes it possible to look out of the enclosure (17, 31, 79, 90)

   e) whereby at least one device (30) for supplying fresh air and/or for suction-extracting exhaust air is associated with at least one traffic way (2), characterised in that

   f) the transparent element (21) of the enclosure (17, 31, 79, 90) of the traffic surface (5, 8, 9, 46, 52, 53, 71, 72, 75 to 78, 84 to 87) of this traffic way (2) has two transparent plates (19, 20) which are set apart from one another and between which at least one hollow space (25) is formed,

   g) the transparent element (21) is arranged with a first side in a first strip (18) with a U-shaped cross-sectional profile,

   h) the first strip (18) having, in a leg of the U-shaped cross-sectional profile that faces the traffic surface (8, 9), at least one opening (23) to an interior (24) of the first strip (18), the interior being connected to the hollow space (25) of the transparent element (21),

   i) the transparent element (21) is arranged with a second side in a second strip (22) with a U-shaped or double U-shaped cross-sectional profile,

   j) the second strip (22) having an interior (26, 27) which extends along the second strip (22) and is connected to the hollow space (25) of the transparent element (21),

   k) the opening (13) of the first strip (18), the interior (24) of the first strip (18), the hollow space (25) of the transparent element (21) and the interior (26) of the second strip (22) forming a channel,

   l) the channel being connected to the device (30) for supplying fresh air and/or for suction-extracting exhaust air.
2. Traffic installation according to claim 1, which has a carrying construction (10, 31, 79, 90) for the traffic ways (1, 2, 3, 40, 50, 51, 70, 73, 74, 82, 83, 88).
3. Traffic installation according to claim 2, in which the carrying construction (31, 79, 90) is embodied in such a way that it completely encloses at least one traffic surface (5, 8, 9, 71, 72, 75 to 78, 84 to 87) of a traffic way (1, 2, 3, 40, 70, 73, 74, 82, 83, 88) at least over a specific length.
4. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the transparent (32, 54) element is embodied in the manner of a window or in the manner of a sound insulating window, wherein a traffic way (1, 2, 3, 50, 51, 70, 73, 74, 82, 83, 88) comprises, at least at the eye level of a road user using the traffic surface (5, 8, 9, 52, 53, 71, 72, 75 to 78, 84 to 87) of the traffic way (1, 2, 3, 50, 51, 70, 73, 74, 82, 83, 88), at least one window-like or sound insulating window-like element (32, 54).
5. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the transparent element (21, 32, 54) has a sound absorbent surface (36), in particular a surface embodied in a honeycombed manner, at least on the side facing the traffic surface (5, 8, 9, 46, 52, 53, 71, 72, 75 to 78, 84 to 87) of the traffic way (1, 2, 3, 40, 50, 51, 70, 73, 74, 82, 83, 88).
6. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the plates (19, 20) of the transparent element (21) are separated by at least one web (28).
7. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the enclosure (17, 54, 55) is embodied in a tunnel-like manner or has at least two side walls, wherein at least one side wall is formed at least partially by a transparent element (54).
8. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the enclosure has a roof structure (55) comprising at least one transparent element.
9. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the enclosure has at least one transparent element (21) which comprises a longitudinal extension and is arcuate in cross section.
10. Traffic installation according to claim 9, in which two arcuate, transparent elements (21) form a portion of an enclosure (17).
11. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the enclosure has at least one opening (44) for air exchange and/or fire protection, wherein the opening (44) is provided on the windsheltered side of the traffic installation.
12. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which a traffic way (2, 3, 40, 50, 51, 73, 74, 83, 88) has at least one crash protector (12).
13. Traffic installation according to claim 12, in which the crash protector (12) has a sound absorbent surface (35) on its side facing the traffic surface (8, 9, 46, 52, 53, 75 to 78, 86, 87).
14. Traffic installation according to one of claims 12 or 13, in which a traffic way (2, 3, 50, 51) and/or the crash protector (12) has at least one recess (13, 16) and/or at least one channel (15) and/or at least one empty tube (14), wherein the at least one recess (13, 16) and/or the at least one channel (15) and/or the at least one empty tube (14) of the traffic way (2, 3, 50, 51) and/or the crash protector (12) are provided for receiving at least one component (57, 58) of a traffic control system and/or an automatic transport system for a means of transport.
15. Traffic installation according to one of claims 1 to 14, which has at least one element which is associated with a traffic way, is arranged inside the enclosure of the traffic way and is provided to eliminate noise and/or eliminate wind and/or eliminate exhaust gases, clouds of smoke, etc.

Images