WO2001001307A2 - Systeme de marketing viral base sur des recompenses - Google Patents

Systeme de marketing viral base sur des recompenses Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001001307A2
WO2001001307A2 PCT/US2000/017367 US0017367W WO0101307A2 WO 2001001307 A2 WO2001001307 A2 WO 2001001307A2 US 0017367 W US0017367 W US 0017367W WO 0101307 A2 WO0101307 A2 WO 0101307A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user
users
referral site
referral
site
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/017367
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2001001307A8 (fr
Inventor
Ronald G. Martinez
Andrew J. Sells
Original Assignee
The Brodia Group
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Brodia Group filed Critical The Brodia Group
Priority to AU58863/00A priority Critical patent/AU5886300A/en
Publication of WO2001001307A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001001307A2/fr
Publication of WO2001001307A8 publication Critical patent/WO2001001307A8/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and systems for viral marketing over a computer network. More specifically, the present invention provides methods and systems for an on-line, rewards based viral marketing system.
  • Frequency- reward programs such as "frequent-flyer” programs, are well known in the travel and airline industries. Under such a program, a traveler is rewarded with "points" based typically on the number of miles to the destination. When a traveler accumulates a sufficient number of points, she may redeem them for an award, like a free flight ticket, rental car or first class upgrades.
  • programs may also include rewards based on the frequency of using a particular credit card. Points are awarded, under this aspect of the program, based upon the dollar amount paid for merchandise using the credit card.
  • the prior art also includes the application of such frequency-reward programs to the Internet. Unlike the rewards' programs of the prior art, such rewards' systems conducted over computer networks allows for redemption of one's award concurrently with the underlying purchase.
  • Viral marketing broadly encompasses methods and systems for taking advantage of the unique capacities of the Internet.
  • certain viral marketing schemes use an entity's own customers to distribute its marketing message or advertisements to others.
  • Hotmail is the largest provider of free, web-based e-mail in the world. It gained its enormous customer share by appending to every customer's outgoing mail an offer, directed to the recipient, to sign-up for a free e-mail account. Therefore, the customers' use of Hotmail's service causes its marketing message to proliferate similarly to a digital virus.
  • the present invention provides a rewards based viral marketing system for use over a computer network.
  • the computer network includes at least one client computer associated with one or more users, at least one server associated with a provider of goods or services, and at least one server associated with a referral site, the referral site receiving a commission from providers of goods and services based upon sales corresponding to referred users.
  • the method comprises (a) providing, at a client computer, to a first user of the referral site the option to send to other users of the computer network a sign-up offer from the referral site; (b) providing the first user the opportunity to receive compensation for sending the sign-up offers by associating the other users of the computer network who accept the sign-up offers with the first user; (c) creating a pool comprising a predetermined portion of the total of the commissions received, during a predetermined time period, by the referral site; and (d) distributing to the first user a percentage of the pool, the percentage based on the number of other users of the referral site attributable to the first user over the sum of the total number of users attributable to every other user of the referral site.
  • first user merely distinguishes one user of the referral site from the other users of the referral site, since the present invention contemplates providing every user of the referral site with the option to designate others to be sent sign-up offers and receive compensation as outlined above. In other embodiments of the present invention, users only receive credit for validated users that they have referred to the referral site.
  • this embodiment of the method further includes (d1 ) validating all users of the referral site, wherein the validating step is performed by reference to at least one predetermined criterion; (d2) distributing to the first user a percentage of the pool, the percentage based on the number of other users validated according to step (d1 ) attributable to the first user over the sum of the total number of validated users attributable to every other user of the referral site.
  • the predetermined criterion is a purchase by the user within a predetermined period.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention only associates referred users to the referring user down to three levels.
  • the method comprises (a) providing to a first user of the referral site, at a client computer, the option to send to other users on the computer network a sign-up offer from the referral site; (b) providing the first user the opportunity to receive compensation for sending the sign-up offers by associating the other users who accept the sign-up offers with the first user; (c) creating at the referral site server a pool comprising a predetermined portion of the total the commissions received from the provider of goods and services, during a predetermined time period, by the referral site; (d1 ) associating at a first level with the first user the other users who signed on to the referral site as a result of a sign-up offer sent by the first user; (d2) associating at a second level with the first user the other users who signed on to the referral site as a result of a sign-up offer sent by the other users associated at the first level in step (d1 ); (d3) associating at a third level with the first user the other users who signed on to the
  • the pool is distributed among the users of the referral site by (e1 ) summing the number of other users associated with the first user at the first, second and third levels; (e2) repeating the associating steps (d1 )-(d3) and (e1 ) for all other users of the referral site to yield the sum of the total number of users associated with every other user of the referral site; and (e3) distributing to the first user a percentage of the pool.
  • the percentage is based on the number of other users of the referral site associated with the first user over the sum of the total number of users of the referral site associated with every other user of the referral site.
  • the pool is distributed based on the number of validated users associated with each user of the referral site.
  • the pool is distributed by (e1 ) validating all users of the referral site, wherein the validating step is performed by reference to at least one predetermined criterion; (e2) summing the number of validated users associated with the first user at the first, second and third levels; (e2) repeating steps (d) and (e1 ) for all other users of the referral site to yield the sum of the total number of validated users associated with every other user of the referral site; and (e3) distributing to the first user a percentage of the pool. The percentage is based on the number of validated users of the referral site associated with the first user over the sum of the total number of validated users of the referral site associated with every other user of the referral site.
  • each user associated at the first level represents a first credit amount
  • each user associated at the second level represents a second credit amount
  • each user associated at the third level represents a third credit amount.
  • a user receives one credit for a validated user at the first level of association, one-half credit for a validated user at the second level, and one quarter credit for each validated user at the third level.
  • the pool is distributed by (e1 ) validating all users of the referral site, wherein the validating step is performed by reference to at least one predetermined criterion; (e2) summing the number of credits corresponding to all validated users associated with the first user at the first level; (e3) repeating step (e2) for validated users associated at the second and third levels to derive the total number of credits for the first user; (e4) repeating the associating steps (d1 )-(d3) and steps (e1 )-(e3) for all other users of the referral site to yield the sum of the total number of credits for every other user of the referral site; and (e5) distributing to the first user a percentage of the pool.
  • the percentage is based on the number of credits corresponding to the first user over the sum of the total number of credits corresponding to every other user of the referral site.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating the flow of communications in a commissions-based referral system for use in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the information flow involved in the event of a customer referral.
  • Figure 3 is a functional block diagram illustrating the application of the present invention to the Internet.
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart diagram illustrating a method for adding a referred user to the system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a tree diagram illustrating, for didactic purposes, a hypothetical set of customer referrals.
  • Figure 6 is a table showing the users attributable to all users of one preferred system of the present invention under the hypothetical set of user referrals illustrated in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a table showing the users associated with all users of another preferred system of the present invention under the hypothetical set of user referrals illustrated in Figure 5.
  • Figure 8 is a table showing the number of credits corresponding to all users of a preferred embodiment of the present invention under the hypothetical set of user referrals illustrated in Figure 5.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention as applied to the Internet 60.
  • the present invention can be applied across any computer network.
  • the method and system of the present invention generally involves a referral site 30, at least one merchant site 40, and at least one client computer 20 associated with one or more users.
  • a referral site 30 at least one merchant site 40, and at least one client computer 20 associated with one or more users.
  • Figure 3 illustrates, an embodiment of the present invention has application to the Internet 60.
  • a user 20 accesses an account stored on a master user database 34 operably connected to servers 32 of referral site 30.
  • Servers 32 authenticate users and receive and process requests submitted by users in a conventional manner.
  • the user's account includes a user name, and a password or an encrypted representation thereof.
  • the database can be any database known in the art.
  • the database is implemented in hardware including a collection of computer programs enabling the storage, modification, and extraction of information on the database. Database hardware may range from personal computers (for small systems) to mainframes (for large systems).
  • Servers 32 may be implemented in hardware or software, or preferably a combination of both.
  • the server is implemented in computer programs executing on programmable computers each comprising at least one processor, a data storage system (including volatile and nonvolatile media), at least one input device, and at least one output device.
  • servers 32 are web or Internet servers operably connected to the Internet 60.
  • merchant site 40 is supported by web or Internet servers 42, which receive requests submitted by users and transmit files and other documents to users.
  • servers 42 are connected to the Internet 60.
  • one embodiment of the present invention works in conjunction with a conventional computer 20 having Internet Browsing Software and a connection to the Internet.
  • the user's computer can be any conventional personal computer known in the art.
  • the user's computer is connected to the Internet via a dial-up connection or through a network line. Such communication could also be wireless.
  • suitable Internet browsers for use with the present invention include NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR or MICROSOFT INTERNET EXPLORER .
  • the browser implemented on client computer 20 preferably includes the functionality required to support the SSL ("Secure Sockets Layer") protocol, the S-HTTP ("Secure HTTP”) protocol, or any other similar protocol for transmitting confidential or private information over an open computer network.
  • communication of passwords and sensitive data for example, between referral site 30 and client computer 20 employs the SSL protocol.
  • FIGS 1 , 2 and 3 illustrate the operation of the present invention.
  • a user initiates a purchasing session by directing the browser on client computer 20 to referral site 30, as is conventional ( Figure 1 , step 1 ).
  • server 32 prompts the user for a user name and a password to authenticate the user.
  • Numerous authentication protocols are known in the art. The particular authentication protocol used is not critical to the invention.
  • the records corresponding to each account contain the user name, a unique user identification number, and a salted one-way hash of the user's password. Therefore, each user is authenticated by hashing the inputted password with the "salt" and comparing the result to the hash value stored in the user's record. If there is a match, the user is deemed to be authentic.
  • each user record may further include the user's full name, delivery and/or payment address, and preferred payment information.
  • server 32 Upon proper authentication of the user, server 32 provides the user a list of participating merchant sites.
  • the list of merchants includes hyper-links to the participating merchants web sites.
  • an HTML page containing "affiliate links" to various participating merchants is sent to the user's browser ( Figure 1 , step 2).
  • An affiliate link is a HTML link tag that contains a URL (Universal Resource Locator) that denotes the origin of the link, such as an affiliated business.
  • Hypertext links are a common part of most HTML pages.
  • affiliate links are merely hypertext links that encode or identify the originating web site. When a user clicks on a URL link supplied by an affiliate, it sends the user to that merchants site ( Figure 1 , step 3).
  • the merchant site that receives the affiliate link can identify the originator of the link and, according to the invention, pay a referral fee or commission for bringing the user to the merchant site.
  • the affiliate link identifies referral site 30 as the entity that referred user 20 to merchant site 40.
  • the exact method used is not critical to the invention.
  • the identity of the originating web site can be encoded directly in the URL.
  • the identity of the affiliate originator can be encoded in a field of an HTML form.
  • the identity of the affiliate can be encoded using the HTTP header referral property.
  • the first two of the above-described approaches are preferred since many browsers do not implement the referral property correctly.
  • referral site 30 receives a commission or referral fee from merchant 40 ( Figure 1 , step 4).
  • Referral site 30 also receives a designation of user 20, who made the particular purchase.
  • user 20 receives an award from referral site 30 for such purchase; however, the presence such an award is not critical to the present invention.
  • Such award is typically a predetermined portion of the referral fee received by referral site 30 from merchant 40.
  • referral site 30 creates a pool comprising a portion of the referral fees or commissions actually received during a predetermined period of time ("the settlement period"). At the end of the settlement period, this pool is distributed to users as is more fully described below.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a preferred user referral system for use in the present invention.
  • referral site 30 provides each user 20 with the option of designating others to receive offers to join referral site's membership.
  • the user selects this option by simply clicking a button provided in any or all of the HTML documents sent and displayed on the user's browser.
  • server 32 sends to client computer 20 a form asking for the name and e-mail address of the person to be sent an offer e-mail.
  • the form also includes a text box in which the user may enter a personal message to the intended recipient.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the sign-up procedure for referred users. After an existing user
  • referral site 30 transmits an e-mail to the referred user ( Figure 4, step 102).
  • the sign-up e-mail contains a link to a sign-up page located on server 32. Appended to the link is an encrypted representation of the referring user's identification number.
  • the referred user simply clicks on the link and the sign-up page is downloaded to the user ( Figure 4, step 104). The referred fills out the sign-up page interface and submits it to referral site 30 ( Figure 4, step 106).
  • the server 32 receives the form and parses out the encrypted identification number corresponding to the referring user ( Figure 4, step 108) and adds the referred user's account to the master user database (step 110).
  • the referred user's account includes the referring user's identification number or an encrypted representation thereof.
  • the master user database 34 stores user's accounts as records, one field of which points to or contains the identification number of the referring user.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention features a table stored in the master user database 34 comprising records uniquely identified by each referring user-referred user pair. Each record may contain additional fields, such as "type of referral," or date of referral.
  • Each referring user-referred user record is created and added to the table upon completion of the sign up process discussed above. So, for example, if 100 users signed up based on referrals be existing users, the table in the database would contain 100 records. This table is preferred since this architecture provides the flexibility to construct the referral tree forwards or backwards from a particular user and add additional qualifying characteristics to the referral/signup event as necessary.
  • each user is credited with referrals that result in actual membership sign-ups.
  • each user receives a portion of the pool based upon the number of all "validated" users attributable to that user during a particular settlement period. More specifically, a percentage of the pool for each user is based on the total number of users attributable (in an absolute sense in one embodiment) or associated (defined by rules, such as how many levels deep associations are permitted, in another embodiment) to a particular user over the sum of the total number of users attributable to every other user. In other words, the attribution or association step is performed for every user of the system individually and then summed.
  • preferred embodiments of the present invention validate users in the calculation of what share of the pool each user is to be awarded.
  • a user is validated by reference to at least one predetermined criterion. For example, and in one preferred embodiment, a user is "validated" if he or she has made a purchase for which referral site 30 received a fee within the settlement period. In other preferred embodiments, the predetermined criterion could be purchases totaling over a predetermined amount within the settlement period.
  • Figure 5 graphically illustrates a hypothetical set of user referrals, where each box represents a user or member of referral site 30. An "x" in a particular box indicates that such user is "validated” for a particular settlement period.
  • each user is credited with user referrals down to three levels. According to the situation illustrated in Figure 5, the number of validated users attributable to user #1 down three levels is 8, while the sum of the total number of users attributable to every other user is 32. Therefore, user #1 receives 25% (8/32) of the pool. Under the same rules, user #2 receives about 9.3 percent (3/32) of the pool. See Table 6. Table 7 illustrates the number of users associated with all other users in an absolute sense (without regard to levels).
  • each user receives (a) one credit for all validated users directly attributable to that user (L1 ), (b) one-half credit for all validated users at the second level of association (L2), and (c) one-quarter credit for all validated users at the third level of association (L3).
  • L1 one credit for all validated users directly attributable to that user
  • L2 one-half credit for all validated users at the second level of association
  • L3 one-quarter credit for all validated users at the third level of association
  • any number of levels and any credit ratio could be used.
  • To calculate each user's share all credits for all users are summed.
  • each user's share of the pool is based on the credits attributable to that user over the total number of credits for all users.
  • the total number of credits for all users is 22.75. Therefore, the share of the pool corresponding to user #1 is approximately 17.6 percent (4/22.75).
  • every other user's share can be calculated by dividing the attributable credits shown in Table 8 by the total number of credits for all users (22.75).
  • referral site 30 sends each user notification of his or her share of the pool.
  • this notification is accomplished by sending an e-mail containing a link to a page on server 32 of referral site 30 providing the user with notification of his or her share and of the options with respect to it.
  • each user is given the option to receive his or her share of the pool in cash or credit.
  • each user is also given the option to donate his or her share of the pool to a designated charitable organization.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de marketing viral basé sur des récompenses, à utiliser sur un réseau informatique. Ce dernier comporte au moins un ordinateur client associé à un ou à plusieurs utilisateurs, au moins un serveur associé à un fournisseur de biens ou de services, et au moins un serveur associé à un site de référence qui reçoit une commission de la part des fournisseurs de biens et de services sur la base des ventes correspondant aux utilisateurs référencés. Le procédé consiste a) à fournir à un premier utilisateur du site de référence, à un ordinateur client, l'option d'envoyer à d'autres utilisateurs du réseau informatique une offre d'inscription du site de référence, b) à fournir au premier utilisateur la possibilité de recevoir une prime pour avoir envoyé les offres d'inscription, en associant au premier utilisateur les autres utilisateurs du réseau informatique qui acceptent les offres d'inscription, c) à créer une masse commune comprenant une partie prédéterminée de la totalité des primes reçues du site de référence, au cours d'une période prédéterminée, et d) à distribuer au premier utilisateur un pourcentage de la masse commune, le pourcentage étant calculé sur la base du nombre des autres utilisateurs du site de référence associés au premier utilisateur par rapport au nombre total d'utilisateurs associés à tous les autres utilisateurs du site de référence.
PCT/US2000/017367 1999-06-25 2000-06-21 Systeme de marketing viral base sur des recompenses WO2001001307A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU58863/00A AU5886300A (en) 1999-06-25 2000-06-21 Rewards based viral marketing system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34467399A 1999-06-25 1999-06-25
US09/344,673 1999-06-25

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001001307A2 true WO2001001307A2 (fr) 2001-01-04
WO2001001307A8 WO2001001307A8 (fr) 2001-10-04

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WO (1) WO2001001307A2 (fr)

Cited By (15)

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EP1229469A1 (fr) * 2001-02-01 2002-08-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procédé et systèmes pour faciliter le partage de produits audiovisuels
US6438579B1 (en) 1999-07-16 2002-08-20 Agent Arts, Inc. Automated content and collaboration-based system and methods for determining and providing content recommendations
DE10202916A1 (de) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-14 Fujitsu Siemens Computers Gmbh Verfahren sowie eine Anordnung zur Abrechnung der Urheberabgabe
DE102004035550A1 (de) * 2004-07-22 2006-02-16 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Netzwerks
WO2007101078A1 (fr) * 2006-02-23 2007-09-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Appareil et procédés pour une superdistribution de contenu fondée sur des mesures incitatives
US20080154951A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Yahoo! Inc. Link Retrofitting of Digital Media Objects
US8010657B2 (en) 2006-11-27 2011-08-30 Crackle, Inc. System and method for tracking the network viral spread of a digital media content item
US8197313B2 (en) 2007-10-29 2012-06-12 Microsoft Corporation User to user game referrals
US8262472B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2012-09-11 Microsoft Corporation Comprehensive single page view of user's gaming achievements
US8359276B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2013-01-22 Microsoft Corporation Identifying influential persons in a social network
US20130311391A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Multiplier Effect, Inc. Method of marketing charitable donations
US8595055B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2013-11-26 Points.Com Apparatus and method of facilitating the exchange of points between selected entities
AU2013101483B4 (en) * 2011-04-29 2014-03-13 Kogan.Com Holdings Pty Ltd Method and Apparatus for Online Marketing
US8979647B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2015-03-17 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Method of providing player status and ability to join games
US10593074B1 (en) 2016-03-16 2020-03-17 Liberty Mutual Insurance Company Interactive user interface for displaying geographic boundaries

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6438579B1 (en) 1999-07-16 2002-08-20 Agent Arts, Inc. Automated content and collaboration-based system and methods for determining and providing content recommendations
EP1229469A1 (fr) * 2001-02-01 2002-08-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procédé et systèmes pour faciliter le partage de produits audiovisuels
WO2002061644A1 (fr) * 2001-02-01 2002-08-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et dispositifs servant a faciliter le partage de produits audiovisuels
US8595055B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2013-11-26 Points.Com Apparatus and method of facilitating the exchange of points between selected entities
DE10202916A1 (de) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-14 Fujitsu Siemens Computers Gmbh Verfahren sowie eine Anordnung zur Abrechnung der Urheberabgabe
DE102004035550A1 (de) * 2004-07-22 2006-02-16 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Netzwerks
JP4787333B2 (ja) * 2006-02-23 2011-10-05 クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド コンテンツ配信のための方法、装置、通信デバイス、プロセッサ、およびコンピュータ読取り可能記憶媒体
WO2007101078A1 (fr) * 2006-02-23 2007-09-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Appareil et procédés pour une superdistribution de contenu fondée sur des mesures incitatives
JP2009528594A (ja) * 2006-02-23 2009-08-06 クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド コンテンツのインセンティブ化された超流通のための装置および方法
US8041343B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2011-10-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Apparatus and methods for incentivized superdistribution of content
CN101385042A (zh) * 2006-02-23 2009-03-11 高通股份有限公司 用于激励式内容超分发的设备和方法
US8447281B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2013-05-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Apparatus and methods for incentivized superdistribution of content
US9916595B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2018-03-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Apparatus and methods for incentivized superdistribution of content
US8359276B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2013-01-22 Microsoft Corporation Identifying influential persons in a social network
US8010657B2 (en) 2006-11-27 2011-08-30 Crackle, Inc. System and method for tracking the network viral spread of a digital media content item
US9582804B2 (en) * 2006-12-22 2017-02-28 Excalibur Ip, Llc Link retrofitting of digital media objects
US20080154951A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Yahoo! Inc. Link Retrofitting of Digital Media Objects
US8262472B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2012-09-11 Microsoft Corporation Comprehensive single page view of user's gaming achievements
US8622826B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2014-01-07 Microsoft Corporation Comprehensive single page view of user's gaming achievements
US9289687B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2016-03-22 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Comprehensive single page view of user's gaming achievements
US8979647B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2015-03-17 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Method of providing player status and ability to join games
US8197313B2 (en) 2007-10-29 2012-06-12 Microsoft Corporation User to user game referrals
US8591341B2 (en) 2007-10-29 2013-11-26 Microsoft Corporation User to user game referrals
AU2013101483B4 (en) * 2011-04-29 2014-03-13 Kogan.Com Holdings Pty Ltd Method and Apparatus for Online Marketing
US20130311391A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Multiplier Effect, Inc. Method of marketing charitable donations
US10593074B1 (en) 2016-03-16 2020-03-17 Liberty Mutual Insurance Company Interactive user interface for displaying geographic boundaries

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AU5886300A (en) 2001-01-31

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