WO2001000781A1

WO2001000781A1 - Packaging for a portion of an active substance

Info

Publication number: WO2001000781A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/005540
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jens Bode; Thomas Holderbaum; Christian Nitsch; Thomas Müller-Kirschbaum; Dieter Jung; Rolf Bayersdörfer; Paul Birnbrich
Original assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Priority date: 1999-06-25
Filing date: 2000-06-16
Publication date: 2001-01-04
Also published as: CA2312157A1; AU5405300A

Abstract

According to the invention, flat pockets consisting of a water-soluble polymer, as are regularly used for packaging portions of an active substance, perform a function in the overall formulation. Packaging for portions of an active substance of this type contain a washing active preparation and a flat plastic part, said plastic part encompassing the preparation partially or entirely. Individual components that control the effectiveness of the washing active preparation or increase consumer acceptance of the preparation ("additives") are entirely or mainly bound in the flat plastic part.

Description

"Active ingredient sachet"

The invention relates to detergent or cleaning agent portions, in particular those in the form of packaged detergent preparations in which some of the additives are physically embedded in the packaging material. In particular, the invention relates to detergent portion packs and detergent portion packs, and among these again preferably means for automatic dishwashing in new types of packaging.

Detergents and cleaning agents and processes for their production have been known for a long time and have been extensively described in the prior art. Washing or cleaning agents are usually made available to the consumer in the form of spray-dried or granulated solid products or as liquid goods. In line with the consumer's desire for convenient dosing options, in addition to the two classic variants mentioned, products in pre-portioned form have become established on the market and are also described in the prior art. There are descriptions of detergents or cleaning agents in the form of pressed molded articles, that is to say tablets, blocks, briquettes, rings and the like, and portions of solid or liquid detergents or cleaning agents packed in bags.

In the case of single-dose quantities of detergents or cleaning agents that come onto the market packed in bags, bags made of water-soluble film have become established. These make it unnecessary for the consumer to tear open the packaging. In this way it is easy to dose a single portion by inserting the bag directly into the washing machine or dishwasher, especially in its washing-up chamber, or by throwing the bag into a certain amount of water, for example in a bucket, a bowl or in the hand wash or Sink, possible. The washing or detergent surrounding bags dissolves without residue when a certain temperature is reached or certain other predetermined conditions are set. Detergents and cleaning agents packed in bags made of water-soluble film are also described in large numbers in the prior art.

The German Auslegeschrift 11 30 547 (Procter & Gamble) discloses packages made of water-soluble films of polyvinyl alcohol which are filled with non-liquid synthetic detergents.

A single dose of a detergent or bleach in a bag that has one or more seams made of water-sensitive material is described in European patent application EP 143 476 (Akzo N.V.). In this publication, a mixture of anionic and / or nonionic water-binding polymer and cationic polymer adhesive material is proposed as the water-sensitive suture material.

European patent application EP 158 464 (Clorox) describes low-temperature detergents which can be packaged in a bag made of water-soluble film.

Extremely large particles, which are enclosed by a water-insoluble film, are described in EP 385 529 (Procter & Gamble). This document discloses a jumbo-particulate textile plasticizer composition, the 5 to 30 mm large dryer-activated softener particles are enclosed with a non-water-soluble, porous film.

Furthermore, the older patent application DE 198 31 703 discloses a portioned detergent or cleaning agent preparation in a pouch made of water-soluble film, in particular a pouch made of (optionally acetalized) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), in which at least 70% by weight of the particles of the washing or cleaning agent preparation have particle sizes> 800 μm.

All these documents have in common that the foils comprising the actual washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparations only have the function of packaging. The films have no further technical significance with regard to the formulation of the detergent or cleaning agent portion. The water-solubility of the film has only the purpose of avoiding the manual unpacking of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation.

According to a further state of the art, it is known to add bitter substances to wash-active preparations surrounding water-soluble films, which are intended to prevent children from swallowing the preparation. However, such bitter substances are not additives that can increase the properties of the products or the appreciation of the products by the consumer.

Modern detergents or cleaning agents represent a complex mixture of substances. In particular, detergents or cleaning agents for high demands or those for special purposes contain additives which are themselves relatively expensive, but which develop the desired effect even at a low concentration per amount of detergent or cleaning agent used. For reasons of economy, an attempt is made to use the valuable recipe components in the smallest possible amount. For reasons of application safety, i.e. the need to be able to achieve the promised effects with any subset of an approach, it is always necessary to use a certain excess, the process-related parameters such as dosage fluctuations in the manufacturing process, the quality of the mixing process when mixing the components and / or takes into account any partial separation of individual components when filling the product. In the case of detergents or cleaning agents which consist of a spray-dried basic powder, the components to be mixed in small quantities, provided they are thermally stable, are therefore regularly metered in via the so-called "slurry approach" and can be distributed somewhat homogeneously in the slurry. This basic powder is the main constituent of the detergent or cleaning agent material to be processed in the subsequent "preparation". Perfume oils and those solid raw materials that cannot be subjected to spray drying due to their thermal instability are mixed in during the preparation. Examples of such basic substances are enzymes, bleaching agents and bleach activators. In the meantime, more and more often such raw materials are added later, ie in the "preparation stage", which withstand a spray drying process due to their thermal properties. This is because an attempt is made to determine the number of those produced in the "slurry approach" To reduce the components contained in the base powder as much as possible in order to make the base powder the main constituent of as many detergents or cleaning agents as possible and thus to be able to carry out a product change in the manufacturing or filling process faster and more efficiently.

The reduction in the effort involved in changing the product in the manufacturing and filling process is particularly relevant when the basic formulations to be processed one after the other contain raw materials which have an adverse effect on one another or even neutralize their effect. One example is optical brighteners, which are contained in universal detergents, but are undesirable in color detergents. When changing the product from universal detergents to color detergents, the entire system, including all downstream process stages and all filter systems from which filter dust is recycled into the process, must therefore be laboriously cleaned. It is much easier - and therefore common practice - to add fine-crystalline brighteners in the preparation stage.

Compact detergents are usually prepared in a comparable way, with a granulate that replaces a spray-dried basic powder S

Build-up granulation, extrusion, roller compaction or other processes is produced. However, product changes are subject to the same problems as described above: One or more components contained in the first product in small quantities, which are undesirable in the second product - optical brighteners are mentioned as an example - must be removed from the entire system , which requires their decommissioning and careful cleaning. The problems associated with this require mixing one or more such component (s) separately, which in turn poses the problem of their homogeneous distribution in the product. In the case of detergent or cleaning agent particles (granules, pearls, etc.), in comparison to powder detergents, special formulations are required in order to counteract later segregation by separating off the components added in only a small amount. As a measure, it is possible, for example, to adapt the particle size to that of the granules, which is disclosed, for example, in documents DE-A-19632284 and DE-A-19847569. Furthermore, documents DE-A-19855676 and DE-A-19855677 disclose that the particle size of detergent or cleaning agent additive components added in small amounts is adjusted so that they adhere as a powder to the surface of the granulate particles. Despite these measures, the required homogeneous distribution of the additive added in small amounts, as can be achieved with spray drying, could not be achieved with reasonable technical effort. On the contrary: the addition of brightener powder in the preparation of detergent or cleaning agent beads in order to make them adhere to the surface of the particles, as described in the above. Document DE-A-19855677 discloses leads to undesirably wide concentration fluctuations of the brightener in different product batches. Experiments with detergents or cleaning agents in the form of tablets have led to comparable results.

Against the background of this state of the art, the inventors set themselves the task of developing a detergent or cleaning agent portion that added additives in a small amount in a reliably homogeneous distribution Contains concentrations even if these additives are only added during the preparation of the product. In particular, low values of the concentration fluctuation range should be obtained, which were previously only possible with the addition of such additives via the slurry in a spray-dried product.

It was also an object of the invention to provide detergent or cleaning agent portions in which temperature-sensitive detergent or cleaning agent components which are only required in small concentrations and are present but cannot be metered homogeneously via the slurry, such as enzymes can be distributed in the detergent or cleaning agent portions without causing significant fluctuations in concentration in a product batch.

A further object of the invention was to assign a function within the overall recipe to the flat plastic enclosure, which is usually used for active ingredient portion packs in the area of detergents or cleaning agents.

Thus, according to one embodiment of the invention, this plastic enclosure contains additives which are only required in small amounts in the preparations and which can be dosed evenly and with high accuracy by being incorporated into the enclosure. According to a further embodiment of the invention, use is made of the fact that high-molecular substances, such as the polymers used for the production of plastic films, generally dissolve more slowly than low-molecular substances. As a result, on the one hand, the release of the additives only begins at the solution temperature of the film to a substantial extent, and on the other hand, the release of the additives contained in the film can be delayed by the conditions of the solution kinetics.

The invention therefore relates to an active ingredient portion pack comprising at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation and at least one an at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation completely or partially enclosing enclosure, wherein the enclosure is soluble under washing, cleaning or rinsing conditions and contains bound at least one individual component of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation.

The invention relates in particular to an active ingredient portion pack which contains a detergent preparation and a flat plastic part which completely or at least predominantly surrounds it, and which is characterized in that individual components which control the effectiveness of the detergent preparation or increase its consumer acceptance ("additives") fully or predominantly physically bound in the flat plastic part.

The invention further relates to a method for producing active ingredient portion packs from at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation and at least one completely or partially enclosing at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation, in which one or more enclosing materials ( ien) brings it into a liquid form, a finely dispersible preparation of at least one individual component of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation is added to the liquid surrounding material (s), the mixture is processed into a flat structure and the washing, cleaning or completely or partially encloses active washing with the flat structure.

Finally, the invention relates to a washing process in which an active ingredient portion package is placed in a washing machine in accordance with the detailed description below and the additives contained in the casing are released by adding water and heating the washing liquor above the solution point of the casing, and a process for mechanical Dishwashing, in which an active ingredient portion pack according to the following detailed description is placed in the metering chamber of a machine dishwasher and by adding water and releasing the active ingredient portion pack from the Dosing chamber releases the additives while loosening the casing, and a method for automatic dishwashing using an active ingredient portion pack according to the invention, in which one selects a casing that only becomes water-soluble above room temperature, places the active detergent preparation in the interior of the dishwasher and by adding water and heating the Rinsing liquor over the solution point of the enclosure releases the additives contained in the enclosure while loosening the enclosure.

In the context of the present invention, the term “active ingredient portion pack” is understood to mean a sufficient amount of a detergent or cleaning agent or dishwashing detergent for a washing or cleaning process taking place in an aqueous phase. This can be, for example, a machine washing or cleaning process, as is the case with commercially available washing machines However, according to the invention, this term also includes a hand wash cycle (for example carried out in a hand wash basin or in a bowl) or a dishwashing cycle carried out by hand or another washing or cleaning process. According to the invention, the active ingredient portion packs in machine washing machines are preferred. or cleaning operations or machine dishwashing operations.

According to the invention, the active ingredient portion packs contain measured amounts of at least one wash-active, cleaning-active or rinse-active preparation, usually measured amounts of several wash-, cleaning- or rinse-active preparations. It is possible for the active ingredient portion packs to contain only washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparations of a certain composition. According to the invention, however, it is preferred that several, usually at least two, washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparations of different compositions are contained in the active ingredient portion packs. The composition can be in terms of the concentration of each Components of the washing-cleaning or rinsing-active preparation (quantitative) and / or with regard to the type of the individual components of the washing-, cleaning- or rinsing-active preparation (qualitatively) are different. It is particularly preferred that the components are adapted in terms of type and concentration to the tasks which the active ingredient portion packs have to fulfill in the washing or cleaning or rinsing process. In the context of the present invention, the partial portions are preferably the first, second and optionally third or even higher (fourth, fifth, etc.) measured amounts of one or more washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation (s) comprised of the same or different water-soluble materials. which are combined to form an active ingredient portion pack according to the invention.

According to the invention, the active ingredient portion packs comprise at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation. Under the term “wash-active preparation” or “cleaning-active preparation” or “rinse-active preparation” - these terms are used interchangeably in the present description - in the context of the present invention, preparations of all conceivable, in connection with washing or cleaning, are used Substances relevant to the washing or rinsing process. These are primarily the actual detergents or cleaning agents or rinsing agents with their individual components, which are explained in more detail in the further course of the description. These include active substances such as surfactants (anionic, non-ionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants), builder substances ( inorganic and organic builder substances), bleaching agents (such as peroxo bleaching agents and chlorine bleaching agents), bleach activators, bleach stabilizers, bleaching catalysts, enzymes, special polymers (for example those with cobuilder properties), graying inhibitors, dyes and fragrances substances (perfumes) without the term being restricted to these substance groups.

However, the term “washing-active or cleaning-active or rinsing-active preparations” also includes washing aids and cleaning aids and / 0

Rinse aid understood. Examples of these are optical brighteners, UV protection substances, so-called soil repelients, that is to say polymers which counteract re-soiling of fibers or hard surfaces, and silver protection agents. Laundry treatment agents such as fabric softener or dishwashing detergent additives such as rinse aid are also considered according to the invention as wash-active or cleaning-active or rinse-active preparations.

According to the invention, in addition to the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation, the active ingredient portion pack also comprises at least one completely or partially enclosing at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation. This must be soluble under washing, cleaning or rinsing conditions in the system under consideration, for example in a washing liquor, cleaning liquor or rinsing liquor, and must contain at least one individual component of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the enclosure comprises a water-soluble polymer material. The enclosure is even more preferably a flat plastic part, even more preferably a plastic packaging. Plastic capsules or bottles and in particular packaging in the form of a water-soluble polymer film are preferred here. In turn, glued and / or sealed plastic film packaging is preferred among the plastic film packaging. It is particularly advantageous for the enclosure to be a water-soluble polymer film glued with a water-soluble adhesive.

Such films are known in principle from the prior art and come, for example, from the group (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water-soluble polyacrylates, water-soluble polyurethanes, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose and mixtures thereof.

Polyvinyl alcohols, abbreviated as PVAL, are polymers of the general structure //

[-CH ₂ -CH (OH) -] _n

which in small proportions also structural units of the type

[-CH ₂ -CH (OH) -CH (OH) -CH ₂ ]

contain. Since the corresponding monomer, the vinyl alcohol, is not stable in its free form, polyvinyl alcohols are prepared in solution via polymer-analogous reactions by hydrolysis, technically in particular by alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of polyvinyl acetates with alcohols (preferably methanol). These technical processes also make PVAL accessible which contain a predeterminable residual proportion of acetate groups. The latter are sometimes referred to as "acetalized" PVAL.

Commercial PVAL (eg Mowiol ^® types from Hoechst) are commercially available as white-yellowish powders or granules with degrees of polymerization in the range from approximately 500 to 2500 (corresponding to molecular weights from approximately 10,000 to 100,000 g / mol) and have different degrees of hydrolysis from about 70 mol%. For example, they have degrees of hydrolysis of 98 to 99 and 87 to 89 mol%. They are therefore partially saponified polyvinyl acetates with a residual acetyl group content of approximately 1 to 2 or 11 to 13 mol%.

The water solubility of PVAL can be reduced by post-treatment with aldehydes (acetalization), by complexing with Ni or Cu salts or by treatment with dichromates, boric acid, borax and thus specifically adjusted to the desired values. PVAL films are largely impenetrable for gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, but allow water vapor to pass through.

Examples of suitable water-soluble PVAL foils are the PVAL foils available from Syntana Handelsgesellschaft E. Harke GmbH & Co. under the name "SOLUBLON ^® ". Their solubility in water can be determined to the degree / 2, and there are films in this product range available which are soluble in the aqueous phase in all temperature ranges relevant to the application.

Polyvinylpyrrolidones, abbreviated as PVP, can be identified by the general formula

describe.

PVP are made by radical polymerization of 1-vinyl pyrrolidone. Commercial PVPs have molar masses in the range of approx. 2500-750,000 g / mol and are offered as white, hygroscopic powders or as aqueous solutions.

Polyethylene oxides, PEOX for short, are polyalkylene glycols of the general formula

H- [O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ ] _n -OH

which are technically produced by base-catalyzed polyaddition of ethylene oxide (oxirane) in systems containing mostly small amounts of water with ethylene glycol as the starting molecule. They have molar masses in the range of approx. 200-5,000,000 g / mol, corresponding to degrees of polymerization n of approx. 5 to> 100,000. Polyethylene oxides have an extremely low concentration of reactive hydroxyl end groups and show only weak glycol properties.

Gelatin is a polypeptide (molecular weight: approx. 15,000 to> 250,000 g / mol), which is primarily obtained by hydrolysis of the collagen contained in the skin and bones of animals under acidic or alkaline conditions. The 1 %

Amino acid composition of the gelatin largely corresponds to that of the collagen from which it was obtained and varies depending on its provenance. The use of gelatin as a water-soluble coating material is extremely widespread, especially in the pharmaceutical industry in the form of hard or soft gelatin capsules. In the form of films, gelatin is used only to a minor extent because of its high price in comparison to the abovementioned polymers.

Also preferred in the context of the invention are portioned detergent and cleaning agent compositions, the pouch of which consists of water-soluble film made from at least one polymer from the group starch and starch derivatives, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, in particular methyl cellulose and mixtures thereof.

Starch is a homoglycan, with the glucose units linked α-glycosidically. Starch is made up of two components of different molecular weights: from approx. 20-30% straight-chain amylose (MW. Approx. 50,000 to 150,000) and 70 to 80% branched-chain amylopectin (MW. Approx. 300,000 to 2,000,000), besides that contain small amounts of lipids, phosphoric acid and cations. While the amylose forms long, helical, intertwined chains with about 300 to 1,200 glucose molecules due to the binding in the 1,4 position, the chain in the amylopectin branches after an average of 25 glucose units through 1,6 binding to form a knot-like structure with about 1,500 to 12,000 molecules of glucose. In addition to pure starch, for the production of water-soluble bags within the scope of the present invention, starch derivatives are also obtainable from starch by polymer-analogous reactions. Such chemically modified starches include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted. Starches in which the hydroxyl groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bound via an oxygen atom can also be used as starch derivatives. In the group of starch deri / V vate fall, for example, alkali starches, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), starch esters and starches and amino starches.

Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C ₆ HιoO ₅ ) _π and formally represents a ß-1, 4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of approximately 500 to 5000 glucose units and consequently have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000. Cellulose-based disintegrants which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives which can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions. Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxyl hydrogen atoms have been substituted. However, celluloses in which the hydroxyl groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bound via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives. The group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali celluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers and amino celluloses.

Preferred enclosures made of water-soluble film consist of a polymer with a molecular weight between 5,000 and 500,000 daltons, preferably between 7,500 and 250,000 daltons and in particular between 10,000 and 100,000 daltons. The water-soluble film which forms the enclosure preferably has a thickness of 1 to 150 μm, preferably 2 to 100 μm, particularly preferably 5 to 75 μm and in particular 10 to 50 μm.

These water-soluble films can be produced by various manufacturing processes. In principle, blowing, calendering and casting processes should be mentioned here. In a preferred method, the films are blown from a melt with air through a blow mandrel to form a tube. In the calendering process, which is also one of the preferred manufacturing processes, the additives are plasticized by suitable additives / r

Raw materials for forming the films are atomized. Here it may be necessary to connect drying to the atomization. In the casting process, which is also one of the preferred production processes, an aqueous polymer preparation is placed on a heatable drying roller; after the water has evaporated, cooling is optional and the film is removed as a film. If necessary, this film is additionally powdered before or during the removal. Depending on the stability or processability of the additives to be used, individual methods described here can be particularly preferred for specially functionalized films.

According to the invention, the flat plastic parts of the active ingredient portion pack contain individual components (additives) of the wash-active preparation. The individual component (s) are / are particularly preferred those components which control the effectiveness of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation (s) or increase their consumer acceptance. Such components are frequently referred to in the present description and in the patent claims as "additives". In the context of the present invention, it is preferred to incorporate those additives which are only required in small amounts in the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparations and consequently It is also possible to incorporate additives which, together with the material of the plastic film, have a positive effect on the detergency or cleaning power. In addition to these performance additives, fragrances can also be incorporated. However, when incorporating fragrances, it is important to use suitable ones To take measures to prevent the premature volatilization of the fragrance cavity, for example encapsulation of the fragrances or embedding of the fragrances in a matrix. In particular, polymers that are related to or even identical to the film materials can used to protect the fragrances. In another embodiment, however, it may be preferred if the fragrances are released before the agent is actually used. Here the fragrances serve to give the packaged product a pleasant smell. A preferred group of additives to be added according to the invention are optical brighteners. The optical brighteners customary in detergents, as detailed below, can be used here. These are added as an aqueous solution or as a solution in an organic solvent to the polymer solution, which is converted into the film. A further preferred group of additives to be added according to the invention are color transfer inhibitors. These are special polymers that usually contain nitrogen-containing monomers. Numerous different compounds which can be used in detergents are known to the person skilled in the art in this field.

Another group of additives preferred according to the invention are UV protection substances. These are substances which are released in the washing liquor during the washing process or during the subsequent fabric softening process and which accumulate on the fiber in order to then achieve a UV protection effect. Products from Ciba Specialty Chemicals that are commercially available under the name Tinosorb are suitable, for example.

Other conceivable additives which are preferred in special embodiments are surfactants which can in particular influence the solubility of the film, but also can control its wettability and the foam formation when dissolved, and foam inhibitors, but also bitter substances, which inadvertently swallow such packaging or parts of such packaging Can prevent children.

Another group of additives preferred according to the invention are dyes, in particular water-soluble or water-dispersible dyes. Dyes are preferred here, as are usually used to improve the visual appearance of products in washing and cleaning agents and dishwashing detergents. IT

Another class of additives that can be added to plastic parts according to the invention are polymers. Among these polymers are, on the one hand, polymers which show cobuilder properties during washing or cleaning or rinsing, for example polyacrylic acids, also modified polyacrylic acids or corresponding copolymers. Another group of polymers are polyvinyl pyrrolidone and other graying inhibitors such as copolymers of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose ether and the like. According to a further embodiment of the invention, so-called soil repellents are also suitable as polymers. Are these polymers that pull fibers or hard surfaces and counteract re-soiling there. Relevant compounds of this type are known to the detergent expert. These are polyesters of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, some of which are modified with sulfonic acid groups.

Another group of additives are bleaching catalysts, in particular bleaching catalysts for automatic dishwashing detergents or detergents. Complexes of manganese and cobalt are used here, especially with nitrogen-containing ligands.

Another preferred group of additives in the sense of the invention are silver protection agents. These are a large number of mostly cyclic organic compounds which are also familiar to the person skilled in the art addressed here.

Another preferred group of additives are enzymes, in particular enzymes, as are explained in detail below and are mentioned by way of example. Enzymes are incompatible with a number of washing, cleaning and rinsing active components or only under special conditions, so that ways have already been sought to separate them from the rest of the formulation of a washing, cleaning or rinsing agent. Furthermore, it has long been a goal to use enzymes at specific, precisely definable points in time iS

Make washing, cleaning or rinsing processes available in order to optimally use their activity in terms of temperature, pH value and other process parameters. This is possible according to the invention if enzymes are stored in the water-soluble polymer material of the enclosure (s).

Another preferred group of additives are the phosphonates. These are, in particular, hydroxyalkane or aminoalkane phosphonates. Among the hydroxyalkane phosphonates, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) is of particular importance as a cobuilder. It is preferably used as the sodium salt, the disodium salt reacting neutrally and the tetrasodium salt in an alkaline manner (pH 9). Preferred aminoalkane phosphonates are ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate (EDTMP),

Diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) as well as their higher homologues in question. They are preferably in the form of the neutral sodium salts, e.g. B. as the hexasodium salt of EDTMP or as the hepta and octa sodium salt of DTPMP. HEDP is preferably used as the cobuilder from the class of the phosphonates. The aminoalkanephosphonates also have a pronounced ability to bind heavy metals. Accordingly, it may be preferred to use aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or to use mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned.

Usable organic cobuilders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided that such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these , Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these. The acids themselves can also be used. 13

Other suitable organic cobuilders are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.

Also to be mentioned as further preferred builder substances are polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids, their salts or their precursor substances. Particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, of which German Patent Application P 195 40 086.0 discloses that, in addition to cobuilder properties, they also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.

Other suitable cobuilders are polyacetals, which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids. Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and their mixtures and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.

Other suitable cobuilders are oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably ethylenediamine disuccinate.

Other useful organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.

Suitable polymeric polycarboxylates are, for example, sodium salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 800 to 150,000 (based on acid). Suitable copolymeric polycarboxylates are, in particular, those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.

Another preferred group of additives are graying inhibitors. Graying inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being re-absorbed. Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this, for example the water-soluble salts of polymers Carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are also suitable for this purpose. Soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above can also be used, for example degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Polyvinylpyrrolidone can also be used. However, cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof are preferably used.

Detergents or cleaning agents or dishwashing detergents, but also washing aids, such as, in particular, builder or bleaching compositions, can be used as wash-active preparations. Laundry treatment agents or dishwashing detergent additives, such as rinse aid, are also considered to be detergent-active preparations according to the invention.

As further additives according to the invention, the water-soluble polymer materials or plastic parts can also contain components which have a positive influence on the washability of oil and fat from textiles, so-called soil repelients. This effect becomes particularly clear when a textile is soiled that has already been washed several times beforehand with a detergent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component. The preferred oil- and fat-dissolving components include, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and

Methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether, and also the polymers of phthalic acid known from the prior art and / or terephthalic acid or its derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives of these. Of these, the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid polymers are particularly preferred.

All of these additives are added to the flat plastic parts according to the invention in amounts of up to 60% by weight, preferably in amounts of up to at most 30% by weight, with further advantage in amounts of 2 to 20% by weight. In order to maintain the balance of the recipe, it is therefore possible for the person skilled in the art to either increase the weight of the plastic part in order to utilize the depot effect which is achieved according to the invention, or else to add at least some of the additives mentioned to the rest of the detergent Keep preparation.

A further aspect of the invention are methods for producing the active ingredient portion packs. To this end, liquid forms such as melts or solutions of the surrounding material or materials are used, preferably solutions in a suitable solvent. In particularly preferred embodiments, this solvent is water. According to the invention, a finely dispersible preparation of at least one individual component or at least one additive of a washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation is added to the liquid encasing material (s). The mixture is then processed into a flat structure according to methods which are known per se and which are familiar to the person skilled in the art in this field. The sheet-like structure obtained in this way is used to completely or partially enclose one or more washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparations and thus largely to shield them from external influences.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a finely dispersible preparation of an additive / several additives is added to the melt or a solution of the encasing material / the encasing materials obtained in the conventional way, the solution being particularly preferably an aqueous solution. Particularly preferred 2 Z is the additive (s) in finely divided form if a melt of the surrounding material is used. In the case in which the covering materials are in solution, in particular in the form of an aqueous solution, the additive (s) are added as solutions or as a dispersion in the solvent used, particularly preferably in water. For example, one can start from aqueous solutions of one or more polyvinyl alcohols and add aqueous solutions or dispersions of the additives to these solutions.

The active ingredient portion packs according to the invention, in particular the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention, comprise one or more substances from the group of surfactants, surfactant compounds, builders, bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, foam inhibitors, colorants and fragrances as well as binding and disintegration aids. These classes of substances are described below.

To develop the washing performance, the portioned detergent and cleaning agent compositions according to the invention can contain surface-active substances from the group of anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic or cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants being clearly preferred for economic reasons and because of their performance spectrum.

Anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type. Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C ₉ .ι ₃ alkyl benzene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkane sulfonates, and the disulfonates obtained, for example from ₁₈ Cι _2- monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous Sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products is considered. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates, from C-ι -i ₂ ₈ alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization won become. The esters of 2-sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the 2-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters. Fatty acid glycerol esters are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures as obtained in the production by esterification of a monogiycerin with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol. Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.

As alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and especially the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid semiesters of the C ₂ -C ₈ fatty alcohols, for example from coconut oil alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the Cio-C _∑ o-oxo alcohol and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, straight-chain alkyl radical prepared on a petrochemical basis and which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. From the washing the Cι ₂ -C ₁₆ alkyl sulfates and alkyl sulfates, and Cι-Cι ₂ -Ci5 ₄ -Cι preferably ₅ alkyl sulfates. In addition, 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which are produced for example in accordance with US Patent No. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ^®, are suitable anionic surfactants.

Also the sulfuric acid monoesters of the straight-chain or branched C ₂ ι alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C ₉ n-alcohols with an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) or C ₁₂ -i ₈ -Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable. They are used in detergents because of their 2 V high foaming behavior is used only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C ₈ -i ₈ fatty alcohol residues or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves are nonionic surfactants (description see below). Again, sulfosuccinates, the fatty alcohol residues of which are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are particularly preferred. It is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.

Soaps are particularly suitable as further anionic surfactants. Saturated fatty acid soaps are suitable, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular from natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.

The anionic surfactants, including the soaps, can be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and also as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts. In a further embodiment of the invention, surfactants are used in the form of their magnesium salts.

In the context of the present invention, portioned detergent and cleaning agent compositions are preferred which are 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 7.5 to 40 wt .-% and in particular 15 to 25 wt .-% anionic surfactant (s), each based on the detergent and cleaning composition.

When selecting the anionic surfactants that are used in the portioned detergent and cleaning agent compositions according to the invention, there are no restrictions to be observed in terms of freedom of formulation. However, preferred portioned detergent and cleaning agent compositions have a soap content which exceeds 0.2% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent and cleaning agent composition. The preferred anionic surfactants are the alkylbenzenesulfonates and fatty alcohol sulfates, with preferred washing and

Detergent compositions contain 2 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 2.5 to 15 wt .-% and in particular 5 to 10 wt .-% fatty alcohol sulfate (s), each based on the weight of the detergent and cleaning composition

The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. However, alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are particularly preferred. Preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, Cι ι _2- ₄ alcohols containing 3 EO or 4 EO, C ₉ .ιt alcohol containing 7 EO, Cι ι _3- ₅ alcohols containing 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO , C ₁₂ . _t8 - alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of Cι ₂ .ι ₄ alcohol with 3 EO and Cι ₂ -i ₈ alcohol with 5 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, too Fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can be used. Examples of this are tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

Another class of preferably used nonionic surfactants, which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated, fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as they are are described, for example, in Japanese patent application JP 58/217598 or which are preferably produced by the process described in international patent application WO-A-90/13533.

Another class of nonionic surfactants that can be used advantageously are the alkyl polyglycosides (APG). Alkypolyglycosides which can be used satisfy the general formula RO (G) _z , in which R denotes a linear or branched, in particular methyl-branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms and G is Is symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose. The degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.

Linear alkyl polyglucosides, ie alkyl polyglycosides, in which the polyglycosyl radical is a glucose radical and the alkyl radical is an n-alkyl radical are preferably used.

The detergent and cleaning agent compositions according to the invention can preferably contain alkyl polyglycosides, APG contents of the detergent and cleaning agent compositions of more than 0.2% by weight, based on the entire molded body, being preferred. Particularly preferred detergent and cleaning agent compositions contain APG in amounts of 0.2 to 10 2 *

% By weight, preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight and in particular 0.5 to 3% by weight.

Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-coconut alkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can also be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half of them.

Other suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),

I R-CO-N- [Z] (I)

in which RCO stands for an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^ for hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.

The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)

R ¹ -OR ²

I R-CO-N- [Z] (II) in which R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{1 represents} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{2 represents} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, d-4-alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated, derivatives of this rest.

[Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example according to the teaching of international application WO-A-95/07331, be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.

It may furthermore be preferred to use cationic surfactants in addition to anionic and nonionic surfactants. They are preferably used as washing performance boosters, whereby only small amounts of cationic surfactants are required. If cationic surfactants are used, they are preferably contained in the agents in amounts of 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3.0% by weight.

In those cases where the active ingredient portion packs or detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention are detergents, these usually contain one or more surfactant (s) in total amounts of 5 to 50% by weight, preferably in amounts of 10 up to 35% by weight, with partial portions of the detergent portions according to the invention containing surfactants in larger or smaller amounts. In other words: the amount of surfactant is not the same in all portions; rather can Partial portions with a relatively larger and partial portions with a relatively smaller surfactant content can be provided.

In those cases in which the active ingredient portion packs or detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention are cleaning agents, in particular dishwashing detergents, these usually contain one or more surfactant (s) in a total amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight. , preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 5% by weight, with partial or large portions of the detergent portions according to the invention containing surfactants. In other words, the amount of surfactant is not the same in all portions, even with detergents or dishwashing detergents; rather, partial portions with a relatively larger and partial portions with a relatively smaller surfactant content can be provided.

In addition to the wash-active substances, builders are the most important ingredients in detergents and cleaning agents. The washing and cleaning agent compositions according to the invention can contain all builders normally used in washing and cleaning agents, in particular thus zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and - where there are no ecological prejudices against their use - also the phosphates.

Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSiχO _{2x +} ι H ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2, 3 or 4 are. Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-A-0 164 514. Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x is 2 or 3. Particularly Both .beta.- and δ-sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ^■ yH ₂ O are preferred, with ß-Natriumdisiiicat can be obtained for example by the method / described in the international patent application WO-A-91 08,171th Amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ modulus of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, can also be used are delayed in dissolving and have secondary washing properties. The delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying. In the context of this invention, the term “amorphous” is also understood to mean “X-ray amorphous”. This means that the silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not provide sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle. However, it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles provide washed-out or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred. Such so-called X-ray amorphous silicates, which also have a delay in dissolution compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in German patent application DE-A-44 00 024. Compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.

The finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite A and / or P. Zeolite MAP (eg commercial product Doucil A24 from Crosfield) is particularly preferred as the zeolite of the P type. However, zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are also suitable. Commercially available and can preferably be used in the context of the present invention Zeolite A (approx. 80% by weight Zeolite X), which is sold by CONDEA Augusta SpA under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ^® and by the formula

nNa ₂ O ^• (1-n) K ₂ O ^■ AI ₂ O ₃ ^■ (2 - 2.5) SiO ₂ ^■ (3.5 - 5.5) H ₂ O

can be described. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

Of course, it is also possible to use the generally known phosphates as builders, provided that such use should not be avoided for ecological reasons. The sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and in particular tripolyphosphates are particularly suitable.

Usable organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function. For example, these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), as long as their use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these. Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these. The acids themselves can also be used. In addition to their builder action, the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to adjust a lower and milder pH value of detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention. In this context, citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures of these should be mentioned in particular. Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as builders. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.

In the context of the present invention, the molar masses given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M _{w of} the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was made against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated. This information differs significantly from the molecular weight information for which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molecular weights measured against polystyrene acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in the context of the present invention.

Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates with molecular weights of 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, particularly preferably 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol, can in turn be preferred from this group.

Also suitable are copolymeric polycarboxylates, in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid or of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable. Their relative molar mass, based on free acids, is generally 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol. The (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution. The content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular 3 to 10% by weight.

To improve water solubility, the polymers can also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as, for example, in EP-B 0 727 448, allyloxybenzoisulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid as a monomer. In particular, biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units are preferred, for example those which, according to DE-A 43 00 772, are monomers as salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and also vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or according to DE-C 42 21 381 contain as monomers salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid as well as sugar derivatives.

Further preferred copolymers are those described in German patent applications DE-A 43 03 320 and DE-A 44 17 734 and preferably contain acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers.

Also to be mentioned as further preferred builder substances are polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids, their salts or their precursor substances. Particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, of which it is disclosed in German patent application DE-A 195 40 086 that, in addition to co-builder properties, they also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.

Further suitable builder substances are polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, for example as described in European patent application EP-A 0 280 223. Preferred polyacetals are derived from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, 3V

Terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and obtained from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.

Other suitable organic builder substances are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches. The hydrolysis can be carried out by customary processes, for example acid-catalyzed or enzyme-catalyzed. They are preferably hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol. A polysaccharide with a dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30, is preferred, DE being a customary measure of the reducing action of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose, which is a DE of 100 owns. Both maltodextrins with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrups with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher molar masses in the range from 2,000 to 30,000 g / mol can be used. A preferred dextrin is described in British patent application 94 19 091.

The oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function. Such oxidized dextrins and processes for their preparation are known in particular from European patent applications EP-A 0 232 202, EP-A 0 427 349, EP-A 0 472 042 and EP-A 0 542 496 and from international patent applications WO 92/18542 , WO 93/08251, WO 93/16110, WO 94/28030, WO 95/07303, WO 95/12619 and WO 95/20608. An oxidized oligosaccharide according to German patent application DE-A 196 00 018 is also suitable. A product oxidized at C _{6 of} the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous.

Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably ethylenediamine disuccinate, are further suitable co-builders. Doing so 3r ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS), the synthesis of which is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,158,615, preferably used in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts. Also preferred in this context are glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates, as described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,524,009 and 4,639,325, in European patent application EP-A 0 150 930 and in Japanese patent application JP-A 93 / 339,896 to be discribed. Suitable amounts for use in zeolite-containing and / or silicate-containing formulations are 3 to 15% by weight.

Further useful organic co-builders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups. Such co-builders are described, for example, in international patent application WO 95/20029.

Another class of substances with co-builder properties are the phosphonates. These are, in particular, hydroxyalkane or aminoalkanephosphonates, which have already been described above.

In addition, all compounds that are able to form complexes with alkaline earth metal ions can be used as co-builders.

In addition to the surfactant and builder constituents mentioned, the washing and cleaning agents according to the invention can contain further ingredients from the group of bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, fragrances, perfume carriers, fluorescent agents, dyes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti-redeposition agents, optical brighteners, and graying inhibitors, which are common in detergents and cleaning agents , Color transfer inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors included. 3l

Among the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and supply H ₂ O ₂ in water, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance. Further bleaching agents which can be used are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ -producing peracid salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid. If cleaning or bleaching agent compositions for machine dishwashing are produced, bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents can also be used. Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide. Other typical organic bleaching agents are peroxy acids, examples of which include alkyl peroxy acids and aryl peroxy acids. Preferred representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy-α-naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ε-phthalimidoperoxyhexanoic acid (ε-phthalimidoperoxyhexanoic acid) )], o-

Carboxybenzamidoperoxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamidoperadipic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinate, and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1, 12-diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperocysebacic acid, diperoxybrassoxydiacid, 4-diperoxybassoxydiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrasyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrassyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrasyldiacid, 1-diperoxybrasyldiacid, 4-diperoxybrasyldiacid, , N, N-terephthaloyl-di (6-aminopercapronic acid) can be used.

Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as bleaching agents in compositions for machine dishwashing. Suitable materials which release chlorine or bromine include, for example, heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium. Hydantoin compounds such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin are also suitable. 3 ^" ?

In order to achieve an improved bleaching effect when washing or cleaning at temperatures of 60 ° C. and below, bleach activators can be incorporated into the detergent and cleaning agent composition. Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups. Preferred are multiply acylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetate, especially triacetine, diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran.

In addition to the conventional bleach activators or in their place, so-called bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the detergent and cleaning agent composition. These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes. Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can also be used as bleaching catalysts.

Enzymes from the class of proteases, lipases, amyiases, cellulases or mixtures thereof are possible. Enzymatic active ingredients obtained from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus are particularly suitable. Proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus are preferred lentus are used. Enzyme mixtures, for example of protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or of cellulase and lipase or of protease, amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but in particular mixtures containing cellulase, are of particular interest. Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases. The enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in coating substances in order to protect them against premature decomposition. The proportion of enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the compositions according to the invention can be, for example, approximately 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to approximately 2% by weight.

According to the prior art, enzymes are primarily added to a cleaning agent preparation, in particular a dishwashing agent which is intended for the main wash cycle. The disadvantage here was that the optimum effect of the enzymes used restricted the choice of temperature and problems also occurred with the stability of the enzymes in a strongly alkaline environment. With the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention, it is possible to use enzymes also in the pre-rinse cycle and thus to use the pre-rinse cycle in addition to the main rinse cycle for enzyme action on soiling of the wash ware.

It is therefore particularly preferred according to the invention to add enzymes to the wash-active preparation or partial portion of a detergent portion intended for the pre-rinse cycle, and then - more preferably - to include such a preparation with a material that is already water-soluble at low temperature, in order, for example, to prevent the enzyme-containing preparation from losing its effectiveness To protect environmental conditions. The enzymes are furthermore preferably optimized for use under the conditions of the pre-rinse cycle, for example in cold water. The detergent portions according to the invention can be advantageous if the enzyme preparations are in liquid form, as some are commercially available, because then a quick effect can be expected that already occurs in the (relatively short and cold water) pre-rinse cycle. Even if - as usual - the enzymes are used in solid form and these are provided with a covering made of a water-soluble material that is already soluble in cold water, the enzymes can be used before

Main wash or main wash cycle take effect. Advantage of

The use of a casing made of water-soluble material, in particular of a material soluble in cold water, is that the enzyme (s) quickly comes into effect in cold water after the casing has been dissolved. This can extend their effectiveness, which benefits the washing or rinsing result.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention also contain further additives as are known from the prior art as additives for washing or cleaning agent preparations. These can either be added to one or more portions of the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention, if necessary also to all partial portions (detergent-active preparations), or according to the invention in the water-soluble materials comprising the detergent-active preparations, for example in the water-soluble films, but also in Capsules or coatings can be incorporated, which can serve as enclosures.

A preferred group of additives used according to the invention are optical brighteners. The optical brighteners customary in detergents can be used here. These are added as an aqueous solution or as a solution in an organic solvent to the polymer solution which is converted into the film, or are added to a portion (detergent-active preparation) of a detergent or cleaning agent in solid or liquid form. Examples of optical brighteners are derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid Ho or their alkali metal salts. Are suitable for. B. salts of 4, 4'-bis (2-aniiino-4-morpholinol, 3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) -stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or compounds of the same structure, which instead of the morpholino group a Diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-

Wear methoxyethylamino group. In addition, brighteners of the type of the substituted diphenylstyryl can be used in the partial portions (washing-active

Preparations) of the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention may be included, for. B. the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl-) diphenyl, 4,4'-

Bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl-) diphenyl or 4- (4-chlorostyryl-) 4 '- (2-sulfostyryl-) diphenyls. Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can also be used.

A further group of additives preferred according to the invention were UV protection substances, surfactants, which in particular can influence the solubility of the water-soluble film, but can also control its wettability and the foam formation when dissolved, as well as foam inhibitors and bitter substances, which inadvertently swallow such packaging or Can prevent parts of such packaging from children, and also polymers and bleaching catalysts mentioned above.

Another group of additives preferred according to the invention are dyes, in particular water-soluble or water-dispersible dyes. Dyes are preferred here, as are usually used to improve the visual appearance of products in detergents and cleaning agents. The selection of such dyes does not pose any difficulties for the person skilled in the art, in particular since such customary dyes have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the detergent preparations and to light, and have no pronounced substantivity towards textile fibers in order not to dye them. According to the invention, the dyes are present in the detergent or cleaning agent portions in amounts of less than 0.01% by weight. V /

Another preferred group of additives in the sense of the invention are silver protection agents. These are a large number of mostly cyclic organic compounds which are likewise familiar to the person skilled in the art and which help to prevent tarnishing of silver-containing objects during the cleaning process. Specific examples can be triazoles, benzotriazoles and their complexes with metals such as Mn, Co, Zn, Fe, Mo, W or Cu.

As further additives according to the invention, the detergent or cleaning agent portions can also contain so-called soil repellents, i.e. polymers which build up on fibers or hard surfaces (for example on porcelain and glass), have a positive influence on the oil and fat washability from textiles and thus on re-soiling counteract specifically. This effect is particularly evident when a textile or a hard object (porcelain, glass) is soiled that has already been washed several times beforehand with a washing or cleaning agent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component. The preferred oil and fat-dissolving components include, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups from 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxy groups from 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic Cellulose ethers, as well as the polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives thereof. Of these, the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid polymers are particularly preferred.

All of these additives are added to the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention in amounts of up to at most 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight. According to the invention, the addition can be made to a material of a water-soluble enclosure, which comprises one or more of the wash-active V

Preparation (s) includes. In order to maintain the balance of the recipe, it is also possible for the person skilled in the art to either increase the weight of the plastic material for the enclosure, in order to increase the depot effect which, according to the invention, is achieved by incorporating the additives into the enclosure (s). exploit or keep the additives mentioned at least partially in the rest of the active detergent preparation.

Fragrances are added to the detergent and cleaning agent portions according to the invention in order to improve the overall aesthetic impression of the products and, in addition to the technical performance (fabric softener result), to provide the consumer with a sensorially typical and distinctive product. Individual fragrance compounds can be used as perfume oils or fragrances, for example the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are, for example, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-t-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzyl carboxyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenylglycinate, allylcyclohexylpropionate

Styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylicate. The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether. The aldehydes include e.g. B. linear alkanals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lileal and bourgeonal.

The ketones include the ionones, α-isomethyl ionone and methyl cedryl ketone. Alcohols include anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol. The hydrocarbons mainly include terpenes such as limonene and pinene. Mixtures of different fragrances are preferably used which are coordinated with one another in such a way that together they produce an appealing fragrance. Such perfume oils can also contain natural fragrance mixtures, such as are obtainable from plant sources. Examples are pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouli, rose or ylang-ylang oil. Also suitable are nutmeg oil, sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, HZ

Lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.

The fragrance content is usually in the range up to 2% by weight of the total detergent or cleaning agent portion. These are therefore typical additives which, owing to their small amount in conventional formulations, are difficult to distribute homogeneously, but which, according to the present invention, can ideally be added to the material of the enclosure (s) and are therefore present in a uniform distribution in the active ingredient packs according to the invention.

The fragrances can be incorporated directly into the wash-active preparations; However, it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to carriers which increase the adhesion of the perfume to the laundry and ensure a long-lasting fragrance for the textiles due to a slower fragrance release. Cyclodextrins, for example, have proven themselves as such carrier materials. The cyclodextrin-perfume complexes can also be coated with other auxiliaries.

The perfumes and fragrances can in principle be contained in each of the partial portions (detergent preparations) of the detergent or cleaning agent portions according to the invention. However, it is particularly preferred that they are in a detergent portion in a partial detergent portion intended for the post-wash or softener stage or in a detergent, especially in a dishwashing detergent, in a portion of the detergent portion intended for the final rinse or rinse stage, special portion of detergent portion are included. According to the invention, therefore, they must be of a material which is water-soluble only under the conditions (in particular at the temperature) of the post-wash or rinse cycle, and under the conditions (in particular at the temperature) of the preceding wash cycles or rinse cycles, in particular of W a corresponding film or capsule may be included. According to the invention, this can be done, for example, with a pouch consisting of a plurality of compartments made of foils of different water solubility.

The invention also relates to a washing process, in which an active ingredient portion package is placed in a washing machine according to the above detailed description and the additives contained in the enclosure are released by adding water and heating the washing liquor above the solution point of the enclosure while loosening the enclosure. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for machine dishwashing, in which an active ingredient portion pack according to the detailed description above is added to the metering chamber of an automatic dishwasher and the additives are released by adding water and releasing the active ingredient portion pack from the metering chamber while loosening the enclosure. Last but not least, the invention also relates to a method for automatic dishwashing using an active ingredient portion pack according to the detailed description above, in which a cover is selected which only becomes water-soluble above room temperature, the active detergent preparation is placed in the interior of the dishwasher and by adding water and heating the washing liquor via the solution point of the enclosure releases the additives contained in the enclosure while loosening the enclosure.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Handis names used:

Aerosil R972, from Degussa-Huls; silica

Dehydol LT 7; Cognis; Fatty alcohol ethoxylate (EO = 7)

Mowiol, Mowilith; Clariant, polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified

Optiblanc®; Sigma; optical brightener

polyviol; Wacker, polyvinyl alcohol

Sokalan HP 53: BASF; polyvinylpyrrolidone Vr Tinopal CBS-X; Ciba, 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyrene) biphenyl; Disodium salt

(optical brightener)

Examples 1 to 7 and comparative example

I. Comparative example

1,000 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol

2.5 parts by weight of stearic acid (sodium salt)

100 parts by weight of glycerin

6 parts by weight of finely divided SiO ₂ and

60 parts by weight of sorbitol are stirred into an approximately 40 percent aqueous solution. A film with a thickness of 10 to 50 μm is produced from this solution by thermal calendering. The film is used to pack machine dishwashing detergents in TabForm or a detergent tablet by breaking these tabs and sealing the edges of the film. By selecting the

Polyvinyl alcohol types, the dissolution point of the film can be varied between 0 and 80 ° C. In the present case, a solution was obtained at 20 ° C

Foil worked.

II. Examples according to the invention

Analogous to this comparative example, analog foils are produced with each

Example 1: 5% by weight of an optical brightener;

Example 2: 5% by weight of a UV protection substance;

Example 3: 5% by weight of a blue detergent dye;

Example 4: 10% by weight of a detergent perfume mixture;

Example 5: 20% by weight of a soil repellent polymer based on ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid; Example 6: 3% by weight of a cobaltamine complex; or Example 7: 10% by weight of benzotriazole added. The substances mentioned can be easily incorporated into the polymer films using mechanical energy. Incorporation takes place - where possible - in an aqueous solution, otherwise in an aqueous dispersion. The resulting films are even and dissolve completely during rinsing attempts, so that the additives are released.

Example 8

A sachet for detergent in the form of pearls ("Megaperls") contains 37.5 g of detergent-active preparations. For one wash cycle, 2 sachets (= 75 g of detergent-active preparations) are used. The film comprising this had a thickness of 30 μm and it was 1.5 g of film were used as a cover for both bags (corresponding to 2% by weight).

(a) A film was produced which (α) 13.5% by weight Optiblanc 2MG (9% active content); (ß) 2.2% by weight of Tinopal CBS-X (2% active content); and (γ) contained 84.3% by weight of PVAL and auxiliaries. The amount of brightener which was intended for the megaperls was thus present in 1.5 g of film. The film was transparent with an opalescent sheen, but was not colored in a disturbing way.

(b) A film was produced which contained (α) 25% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone (active content from aqueous Sokolan HP53 solution) and (β) 75% by weight of PVAL and auxiliaries. The amount of graying inhibitor (PVP) that was intended for Megaperls Color was thus present in 1.5 g of film. The film was colorlessly transparent.

Different formulations of different detergents could be realized with both foils without preparation mixers and transport routes of the raw materials being contaminated with undesirable additives, since the brighteners or graying inhibitors were mixed into the foil material. The effort for a product change in the manufacturing process was therefore limited to changing the film in the filling machine. Example 9

PVA films for detergent enclosures were made, which contained various detergent ingredients or plasticizers. Films 1 and 2 were blown films, films 3 to 9 were pressed films. The mixtures given below were processed in a Brabender twin-screw kneader (DSK) 42/7. The DSK worked with counter-rotating screws, which ensured extremely good mixing. The temperatures for processing the mixtures were 140 ° C in the three zones along the screw and 147 ° C in the outlet nozzle.

Mixtures 1 and 2 were processed at 50 rpm and granulated. The granules obtained were processed in a film blowing system (single-screw kneader / Brabender). The temperature profile from the feed zone to the nozzle was set as follows: Heating zones 1 to 6: 180, 175, 160, 150, 120, 120 ° C. The screw was operated at 50 rpm, which resulted in a torque of 80 Nm. A film removal speed of 1.3 was set.

Mixtures 3 to 9 were extruded at 50 rpm and through a ribbon die. The dimensions of the nozzle are 50 x 0.5 mm, so that a tape 45 mm wide and 0.5 mm thick was obtained. The tape obtained was pressed into films using a heatable press (from Webre). 120 to 180 ° C were chosen as pressing temperatures; the contact pressure was 50 to 60 bar.

Slide 1:

Polyviol 05/290 83.0% SRP for cotton

Glycerin 11.3%

Sorbitol 5.1%

Aerosil 0.5%

Stearic acid 0.1%

100.0% S

Slide 2:

Poiyviol 05/290 37.6% SRP for cotton

Mowilith 8/88 37.6%

Glycerin 16.7%

Sorbitol 4.6%

Dest. Water 2.8%

Aerosil 0.5%

Stearin 0.2%

100.0%

Slide 3:

Mowiol 8/88 41.4%

Mowiol 4/88 41.4%

Glycerin 8.3%

Sorbitol 5.0%

Dest. Water 3.2%

Aerosil R972 0.5%

Stearic acid 0.2%

100%

Slide 4:

Mowiol 8/88 42.5% Mowiol 4/88 42.5% glycerin 4.3% sorbitol 2.6% PEG400 6.8% (plasticizer) dest. Water 0.5% Aerosil R972 0.5% stearic acid 0. 3%

100%

Slide 5:

Mowiol 8/88 41, 4% Mowiol 4/88 41, 4% glycerin 4.1% sorbitol 2.5%

Dehydol LS 4 6.6% (surfactant) dest. Water 3.3% Aerosil R972 0.5% stearic acid 0.2%

100% SO

Slide 6:

Mowiol 8/88 41.4%

Mowiol 4/88 41.4%

Glycerin 4.1%

Sorbitol 2.5%

Dehydol T7 6.6% (surfactant)

Dest. Water 3.3%

Aerosil R972 0.5%

Stearic acid 0.2%

100%

Slide 7:

Mowiol 8/88 40.5%

Mowiol 4/88 40.5%

Tinopal CBS 2.2% (brightener)

Glycerin 8.0%

Sorbitol 4.9%

Dest. Water 3.2%

Aerosil R972 0.5%

Stearic acid 0.2%

100%

Slide 8:

Mowiol 8/88 35.8%

Mowiol 4/88 35.8%

Optiblanc 13.4% (brightener)

Glycerin 7.2%

Sorbitol 4.3%

Dest. Water 2.8%

Aerosil R972 0.4%

Stearic acid 0.2%

100% Slide 9:

Mowiol 8/88 34.0%

Mowiol 4/88 34.0%

Optiblanc 13.5% (brightener)

Tinopal CBS 4.4% (brightener)

Glycerin 9.5%

Sorbitol 4.1%

Aerosil R972 0.3%

Stearic acid 0.2%

100%

The films obtained contained the respective additive (s) in uniform concentration, i.e. H. the additive (s) was / were evenly distributed in the respective film material. The films showed excellent properties in the manufacture of active ingredient packs and could be easily processed on the existing machines. The films of the active ingredient portion packs obtained dissolved as well and completely in the aqueous phase as the corresponding films containing no additive (s). The effect of the additives in the films led to the same result as that of the additives in the detergent preparation; in contrast to the former, however, a greater concentration of the additives in the preparations of the prior art was required in order to compensate for the concentration fluctuations due to the inhomogeneous distribution.

Claims

T2Patentansprüche

1. active ingredient portion pack, comprising at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation and at least one at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation completely or partially enclosing enclosure, wherein the enclosure is soluble under washing, cleaning or rinsing conditions and at least one Contains individual components of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation bound.

2. Active ingredient portion pack according to claim 1, wherein the individual component (s) is such a component / are components which control the effectiveness of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation (s) or increase their consumer acceptance ("additives").

3. Active ingredient portion pack according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the individual component (s) is / are physically bound completely or predominantly in the soluble enclosure (s).

4. active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the enclosure comprises a water-soluble polymer material, preferably a flat plastic part, more preferably is a plastic packaging, in particular comprises a packaging in the form of a water-soluble polymer film.

5. Active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the flat plastic part is a sealed or glued plastic packaging, preferably a water-soluble polymer film glued with a water-soluble adhesive.

6. Active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the material of the enclosure is selected from the group consisting of (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water-soluble polyacrylates, water-soluble polyurethanes, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose and their derivatives and mixtures thereof.

7. Active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein it is in the individual component (s) ("additive (s)") is one or more additive (s), the / the washing performance or the aesthetic, in particular positively influences the olfactory appearance of the preparation and / or in which the additive (s) are optical brighteners and / or color transfer inhibitors and / or in which the additive (s) is UV protection. Substances and / or in which the additive (s) are water-soluble or water-dispersible dyes and / or in which the additive (s) are fragrances and / or in which the / the additive (s) are bitter substances and / or in which the additive (s) are surfactants and / or foam inhibitors and / or in which the additive (s) are polymers which are woven or equip hard surfaces against re-soiling (Soil-Repellent Po polymers) and / or the cobuilder properties and / or in which the additive (s) are bleaching catalysts, in particular manganese or cobalt compounds, and / or in which the additive (s) are substances which are used in addition to machine dishwashing detergents to protect silver, and / or in which the additive (s) is one or more enzyme (s) and / or in which the additive (s) is one or more phosphonate (s), and / or in which the additive (s) are graying inhibitors.

8. Active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the enclosure (s) consist of at least 40% by weight of (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol.

9. active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the enclosure (s) up to 60 wt .-% consist of one or more of the additives.

10. Active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cleaning-active preparation is a cleaning agent and / or wherein the washing-active preparation is an agent for automatic dishwashing and / or wherein it is the washing-active preparation is a detergent and / or in which the wash-active preparation is a washing aid, in particular a builder or bleaching composition, and / or in which the wash-active preparation is a laundry post-treatment agent.

11.A process for the production of active ingredient portion packs from at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation and at least one completely or partially enclosing at least one washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation, in which one or more enclosing material (s) are put into one brings liquid form, the / the liquid enclosing material (s) a finely dispersible preparation of at least one individual component of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation, the mixture processed into a flat structure and the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation with the completely or partially encloses flat structures.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein one or more surrounding material (s) is melted or dissolved in a solvent, preferably in water, and / or the melt or the solution is a finely dispersible preparation of at least one individual component of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation, preferably adding a finely divided preparation of at least one individual component of the washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation to the melt or to the solution, particularly preferably the aqueous solution, a solution, particularly preferably an aqueous solution, or a dispersion of a finely dispersible preparation in the Solvent of ST

Solution, particularly preferably an aqueous dispersion of a finely dispersible preparation, is added and / or the mixture is poured into a sheet-like structure, particularly preferably poured into a film, and / or subsequently cured and with the hardened sheet-like structure, preferably with the hardened one Foil that completely or partially encloses washing, cleaning or rinsing active preparation.

13. The method according to claim 11 or claim 12, wherein one or more compounds from the (ia) of (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water-soluble polyacrylates, water-soluble polyurethanes, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose and their derivatives and their derivatives and their Mixtures consisting of a group is selected, preferably in which a material is selected which comprises or comprises (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the sheet-like structure thus obtained, preferably the water-soluble polymer film thus obtained, in a manner known per se with a further sheet-like material, preferably another film or with a paper, if desired is additive-free and water-soluble, laminated.

15. Washing process, in which an active ingredient portion packaging according to one of claims 1 to 10 is placed in a washing machine and the additives contained in the enclosure are released by adding water and heating the washing liquor above the solution point of the enclosure while loosening the enclosure.

16. A process for automatic dishwashing, in which an active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 10 is added to the metering chamber of an automatic dishwasher and the additives are released by adding water and releasing the active ingredient portion pack from the metering chamber while loosening the enclosure.

17. A method for automatic dishwashing using an active ingredient portion pack according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein one selects an enclosure that only becomes water-soluble above room temperature, places the active detergent preparation in the interior of the dishwasher and by adding water and heating the washing liquor above the solution point Enclosure releases the additives contained in the enclosure by loosening the enclosure.