WO2000078574A1

WO2000078574A1 - Protecting device, especially an antiabrasion device for cable trees placed in humid or wet areas

Info

Publication number: WO2000078574A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/005019
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ulrich Krause
Original assignee: Hänsel Verbundtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 1999-06-21
Filing date: 2000-05-31
Publication date: 2000-12-28
Also published as: DE29910793U1; AU5810300A; DE10081677D2; DE10081677B4; BR8001085U

Abstract

The invention relates to a protecting device, especially an antiabrasion device for cable trees placed in humid or wet areas. Said device comprises at least one flexible, shear-resistant, watertight, and especially water-repellent, protective lining (4) having an inner side facing the cable tree and an outer side opposite said cable tree, at least one additional flexible, non-shear resistant, especially watertight and locally compressible inner protective layer (2) placed on the inner side of the outer protective lining (4) facing the cable tree and an adhesive layer (6) placed on the inner protective layer (2) on the cable tree side, whereby the mechanical strains exerted to the protective device (1) from the outside trough the outer protective lining (4) are locally reduced in the areas under strain by the deformation of the inner protective layer (2).

Description

Protection device, in particular abrasion protection device for cable harnesses installed in a damp or wet environment

The invention relates to a protective device, in particular an abrasion protection device for cable harnesses installed in wet and / or wet rooms according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such in wet and / or wet rooms, e.g. B. Engine compartments of motor vehicles, installed wiring harnesses are exposed to various chemical and physical loads. In the cramped space conditions often found in motor vehicle construction, mechanical loads such as abrasion loads with neighboring components as well as bending and / or vibration loads can act on the cable harnesses.

Various protective devices are known for protecting cable harnesses which are claimed in this way. Usually, wire harnesses for protection against moisture and / or wetness are wrapped with thin PVC foil tapes provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive on one side, also referred to as self-adhesive insulating tapes, so that the PVC tape of each wrapping comes to rest at least partially on the previous wire harness wrapping and such a seal between the individual winding layers of the PVC tape. Such insulating tapes usually have a thickness of about 0.1 mm, which is achieved in the production by calendering and subsequent stretching. As a result of the stretching in the manufacturing process, PVC films of this type have internal stresses which, in part, are not reduced by retardation processes, but not completely, even over a long period of time.

A disadvantage of such a protective device is that in order to ensure a moisture-proof and / or moisture-tight sheathing that tightly encloses the cable harness, the PVC tape must be tensioned tightly when wrapping. Because of this preload In the known PVC tapes, considerable elastic expansions occur which can no longer regress after the adhesive wrapping and are therefore retained. This and the residual stresses generated in the PVC film in the stretching process result in tensile and / or shear stresses in the PVC tape, which remain even after the cable harness has been wrapped. Although these internal tensions, in particular tensile stresses of the PVC tape, ensure that the wrapping is tightly attached to the cable harness, however, as a disadvantageous side effect, an undesirable stiffening of the encased wiring harness has to be accepted. Such a stiffening of the cable harness is effected by the fact that the wrapped conductor wires of the cable harness are pressed radially against each other by the elastically pre - stressed PVC tape and thus an increased friction between the insulation of the conductor wires of the cable construction occurs, whereby a bend or. Curvature of the wiring harness is made more difficult. Such a restriction of the flexibility of a cable harness is not acceptable in view of the often limited installation space. In addition, a PVC film tape (insulating tape) has an inadequate resistance to abrasive effects, so that such a jacket is abrasively destroyed and the wiring harness is therefore no longer protected. The inadequate resistance to the abrasion effects of such a PVC film tape can be attributed, among other things, to the pretensioned assembly, since, for example, a tear or a wear point on the PVC film tape tears further through the elastic pretensioning and the damaged point thus over the actual stress point is enlarged.

It is also known to wrap so-called fabric adhesive tapes around cable harnesses. In the case of such adhesive tapes, however, the adhesive applied on one side can penetrate the fabric layer under the influence of heat and undesirably emerge on the outside, so that at least in some areas a connection or Storage of dust and dirt particles on the outside or. can take place in the fabric layer of the casing. Reinforce the accumulated dust and / or dirt particles If the wiring harness is strung together on an adjacent part, the abrasive effect accelerates the destruction of the wiring harness or. of the chafing partner part. It is also disadvantageous that a fabric adhesive tape can absorb moisture like a sponge and thus cannot offer protection of the wiring harness from moisture.

Another protective device for cable harnesses are protective tubes, e.g. B. ISO hoses, slip hoses or shrink hoses. However, it is disadvantageous here that attaching the hoses is complex since the conductor wires have to be threaded into the hoses. In addition, the protective hoses must be installed before the contact elements on the conductor wire end are attached. In the case of bundled conductor wires, however, the attachment of the end-side contact elements is only difficult and maneuverable. When using shrink tubing, an additional cost-intensive heat treatment is necessary.

Longitudinally slotted corrugated pipes are also known as abrasion protection for cable harnesses. These corrugated pipes can be mounted because of the longitudinal slot zes after attaching the contact wire end contact elements, but are unsuitable for use in wet and / or wet rooms, since the longitudinal slot is not tight.

The object of the invention is to provide a protective device for cable harnesses, which has a high resistance to mechanical, in particular abrasive, stress and enables moisture-proof and / or moisture-tight and moisture-proof and / or moisture-resistant sheathing of a cable harness with simple and inexpensive assembly . In addition, the flexibility of a wiring harness provided with the protective device is to be retained.

This object is achieved with a protective device according to claim 1. Further advantageous refinements are specified in the subclaims. In the following the invention is explained by way of example with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1 shows the protective device according to the invention in a cross section

2 schematically shows the deformation of two protective device sections glued to one another under shear load in a cross section;

Fig. 3 shows the deformation of the protective device under pressure and / or abrasion in contact with a part of the abrasion partner.

The protective device 1 for wire harnesses according to the invention is thin-layered, multi-layered and z. B. formed as a winding tape with an inner side facing the wiring harness 8 and an outer side facing away from the wiring harness 9 or as a piece or strip for a longitudinal envelope or longitudinal sheathing of the wiring harness (Fig. 1). The total thickness of the protective device 1 is in the range of 0.5-1.1 mm and is preferably 0.7-0.9 mm.

The protective device 1 has an inner protective layer 2, on the inside of which an adhesive layer 6, preferably applied over the entire surface. On the outside of the inner protective layer 2, an outer protective layer 4 is applied, which is covered over the entire area by an outer surface layer 5. The adhesive layer 6 is optionally covered in the delivery state with an easily removable cover layer 7.

The inner protective layer 2 consists of a plastic foam material which is designed with closed pores to avoid unwanted moisture or moisture absorption. The inner protective layer 2 is preferably the thickest individual layer of the multilayer protective device 1 and consists of a flexible soft and pushable material, which in particular has an at least local compressibility and a high deformability. This is advantageously achieved by the selection of a plastic foam material for forming the inner protective layer 2, which has a high elasticity, a high deformability under bending and / or shear stress and at least locally a high compressibility. To avoid wet or. The plastic foam material is expediently embodied as closed-pore at least on the surfaces. A closed-pore PVC foam with a density of 650 - 750 kg / m ³ , preferably 700 kg / m ^{3, has} proven to be advantageous. An advantageous layer thickness of the inner protective layer 2 has been found to be a thickness of 0.3-0.6 mm, preferably 0.4-0.5 mm.

The outer protective layer 4 is made thinner than the inner protective layer 2 and consists of a liquid-impermeable plastic material, which is particularly flexible and rigid and has only a slight stretch in the layer plane with common tensile forces. By selecting a flexible material for the protective layer 2, in particular a high flexibility of the multilayer protective device and the bending stress is achieved, so that a wire harness to be protected can be wrapped tightly with the protective device 1 in a simple manner. In such a configuration of the outer protective layer 4, the protective device 1 has a high abrasion resistance at the contact point with an abrasive abrasion partner part. The shear stresses that occur due to the abrasion and entered into the protective device 1 via the outer protective layer 4 are reduced pyramidally in the inner protective layer 2, which, as already described above, consists of a flexible material. In particular, a PVC compact layer or a PVC film has proven to be a suitable choice for the outer protective layer 4, these preferably being merely calendered. The PVC compact layer or. the PVC film are advantageous not stretched to prevent internal stresses from developing in the outer protective layer. The thickness of this PVC film is 0.2-0.5 mm, preferably 0.25-0.35 mm. The surface areas of the outer protective layer 4 are preferably of smooth, flat design. Such a configuration of the outer protective layer 4, as a compact layer, has a high resistance to the penetration of particles, in particular dust / dirt particles, into this layer. In addition, the accumulation of dust / dirt particles on smooth surfaces is greatly reduced.

On the outside, a surface layer 5 is applied over the entire surface to the outer protective layer 4. The surface layer 5 is preferably a thin lacquer layer, in particular a finish lacquer layer with a thickness of 3-8 μm, preferably 4-6 μm, which is equivalent to the outer protective layer 4 or in terms of the bendability and the surface hardness, in particular the abrasion resistance to components that are abrasive this surpasses these properties. The lacquer layer also ensures a further smoothing of the outside surface of the protective device 1 and thus makes it difficult to remove or Storage of dust and / or dirt particles in the protective device 1. The surface layer 5 is preferably an acrylate or acrylic lacquer layer, which forms a good adhesive base for the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the adhesive layer 6 applied on the inside to the inner protective layer 2. This is essential since, in the case of a helical wrapping of a wire harness with a protective device 1 according to the invention, the wrapping is at least partially sealed with the outside 9 of the previous wrapping. Due to the firm and resistant bonding of two wraps to each other, the penetration of moisture or. Moisture between the wraps reliably prevented.

The adhesive layer 6 consists of a self-adhesive, which forms a moisture and moisture-impermeable adhesive layer after the adhesive bonding. The layer of adhesive 6 is ins - Special flexible, so that the adhesive layer 6 does not impair the flexibility of the entire multilayer protective device 1. Furthermore, it is advantageous to apply a moisture or. select wet-resistant pressure sensitive adhesive that forms a shear-soft adhesive layer that is elastically deformable under shear load when bonded. The selection of a pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylic acid ester or a pure acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive has proven particularly useful. The adhesive is advantageously plasticizer-resistant to the plasticizers emerging from the coated PVC lines. The adhesive is preferably applied over the entire surface and / or directly, ie. H . without a backing layer for the adhesive on the inside of the inner protective layer 2. Such an adhesive has a high adhesive strength and can withstand the shear loads which act on the adhesive surface due to bending and / or vibrating loads on the wiring harness, it being possible for two turns of the protective device to be reversibly shifted. Furthermore, the adhesive is preferably resistant up to a temperature of 120 ° C.

A lacquer or adhesion promoter layer can be provided between the adhesive layer 6 and the inner protective layer 2 for better adhesion of the self-adhesive to the inner protective layer 2. A PU dispersion adhesive layer with a thickness of 3-8 μm, preferably 4-6 μm, has proven to be an advantageous material for this.

When the protective device 1, e.g. B. As pre-assembled, cut-to-length tapes or the like, the adhesive layer 6 is preferably provided with a covering layer 7 in the form of a peel-off paper or a peel-off film, which may be scored to make it easier to peel off. The cover layer can be silicone-coated for easier removal. When the protective device 1 is assembled as a winding tape in the form of rolls, the covering layer 7 can be dispensed with in the delivery state.

In the following, the mode of operation of a protective device 1 according to the invention is described under shear load with reference to FIG. 2 and under pressure or abrasion load with reference to FIG.

Fig. 2 shows sections of two partially glued together sections of the protective device 1 according to the invention under shear loading, which is applied by the forces that are indicated by the arrows F in Fig. 2. This arrangement corresponds in a typical manner to the load situation of the protective device 1 as it occurs when the protective device 1 is wound helically around a cable harness and this is subject to bending stress. From Fig. 2 it is particularly clear that the outer protective layer 4 and the surface layer 5 behave rigidly or almost rigidly under shear loading. The reduction of the shear stresses resulting from the forces F takes place, as shown in FIG. 2, in the shear-soft inner protective layer 2 and the shear-elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 6. The deformations that occur there due to the shear stress are preferably elastic, so that the deformations after termination of the shear stress entry into the protective device 1 can reversibly regress.

In Fig. 3, a scrubbing or pressure loading case of the scuffing protection device 1 is shown with or by a scouring partner part 10. The abrasive movement is symbolically represented by the double arrow 11. However, it is immaterial whether the scouring partner part 10 executes the scouring movement with respect to the protective device 1 or vice versa. On the basis of the load case shown, it is clear that the surface layer 5 and the outer protective layer 4 are subjected to bending stress due to the local contact with the scouring partner part 10, so that a local indentation in the area of the Contact point with the chafing partner part. This local indentation in the area of the contact point is reduced pyramidally due to the at least local compressibility of the protective layer 2. This effectively prevents the loads resulting from contact with the part of the scouring partner from being transferred to the cable harness encased by the protective device 1 even in a reciprocating motion (arrow 11). Protection of the cable harness from mechanical influences is thus effectively guaranteed.

Through the selection of moisture and moisture proof as well as moisture and moisture resistant materials for the individual layers of the protective device 1, a more secure wetness is also achieved. Moisture protection guaranteed for the wrapped wiring harness.

A protective device 1, as configured in the manner described above, also fulfills the relevant regulations in the motor vehicle industry with regard to pollutant emissions, fire behavior and, where appropriate, the feel. Such regulations are, for example, the VW-TL 1010, which standardizes the material requirements and the burning behavior of interior materials. The VW-50180, for example, specifies limit values with regard to the emission behavior of components of the vehicle interior, which is also met by the protective device according to the invention. Another regulation of this type is, for example, the FMVSS 302 with a classification in type B.

Furthermore, the protective device 1 according to the invention specified above is resistant to plasticizers and chemicals, in particular to fuels, lubricants, cleaning fluids and other operating fluids in the motor vehicle. Advantageously, the protective device according to the invention is also functional and temperature-stable in a range from -40 to + 105 ° C., with relevant test regulations regarding, for example, the weathering resistance be fulfilled. A protective device 1 constructed as described above also fulfills the climatic test cycles common in the motor vehicle industry, such as, for. B. the climate change test.

In the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the protective device 1, in particular through the use of an unstretched PVC compact layer, is almost free of residual stress and, in its layered structure, in the assembly and / or. The forces that occur around the winding of cable harnesses are stretch-free or. has only a small stretch. This only slight elongation of the protective device 1 when wrapping wire harnesses is almost completely reduced by retardation processes, for example the deformation relaxation ion, so that there is no permanent pressing of the individual conductor wires of the wire harness after sheathing and so the flexibility of the wrapped wire harness is not restricted. The special selection of the materials, in particular for the protective layers 2 and 4, also fulfills a large number of requirements which are placed on such cable harness protective sheathing in the automotive industry. These include, above all, the effective protection of the sheathing cable harness against undesirable moisture entry, the heavy duty abrasion or. Abrasion protection, as well as maintaining the flexibility of the wire harness after wrapping, which considerably facilitates the assembly of the wrapped wire harnesses, especially in confined spaces. Because of the high resistance of the protective device 1 according to the invention, it is particularly suitable for wrapping thicker wire harnesses, since these are more heavily loaded in the event of abrasion due to their greater mass. The inventive selection of the adhesive of the adhesive layer 6 and the lacquer of the surface layer 5 also realizes moisture-tight bonding and a sufficiently high adhesive force of the protective device 1 according to the invention with a helical wrap around the cable harness.

Of course, the use of the protective device according to the invention is not restricted to the area of land vehicles. limits, but it can be used with particular advantage in the field of watercraft and / or aircraft.

In addition, the protective device 1 according to the invention can also advantageously, for example in the case of a plate-shaped blank or a shape blank, as a scouring agent between two components, such as Cladding parts or the like are used. Such use of the protective device is possible in particular in damp and / or wet rooms.

Claims

Expectations

Protective device, in particular abrasion protection device for cable harnesses laid in wet rooms and/or damp rooms with at least one flexible, shear-resistant and waterproof, in particular water-repellent outer protective layer (4) with an inside facing the cable harness and an outside facing away from the cable harness, at least one further on the cable harness facing the inside of the outer protective layer (4), which is flexible and shear-soft, and in particular also waterproof, locally compressible inner protective layer (2), and an adhesive layer (6) applied to the inner protective layer (2) on the wiring harness side, whereby Mechanical loads introduced into the protective device (1) via the outer protective layer (4) are reduced locally at the load point by deforming the inner protective layer (2).

Protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner protective layer (2) consists of a plastic foam material.

Protective device according to claim 2, characterized in that the plastic foam material of the inner protective layer (2) is designed to have closed pores.

Protective device according to claim 2 and / or 3, characterized in that the inner protective layer

(2) made of a PVC foam material with a thickness of 0,

3 - 0.6 mm, preferably 0.

4 - 0.5 mm exists.

5. Protective device according to claim 4, characterized in that the PVC foam material has a density of 650 -750 kg/m ³ , preferably 700 kg/m ³ .

6. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the protective layer (4) consists of a PVC compact layer or a PVC film.

7. Protective device according to claim 6, characterized in that the PVC compact layer or the PVC film is free of internal stress, preferably unstretched.

8. Protective device according to claim 6 and / or 7, characterized in that the thickness of the outer protective layer (4) is 0.2 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.25 to 0.35 mm.

9. Protective device according to one or more of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the surface of the outer protective layer (4) is smooth.

10. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a connecting layer is provided between the inner protective layer (2) and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (6).

11. Protective device according to claim 10, characterized in that the connecting layer is a bonding layer for the connection between the inner protective layer (2) and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (6).

12. Protective device according to claim 10 and / or 11, characterized in that the connecting layer is a PUR dispersion lacquer layer with a thickness of 3 - 8 μm, preferably 4 - 6 μm.

13. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the outer protective layer (4) has an outside surface layer (5) on its outside facing away from the cable harness.

14. Protective device according to claim 13, characterized in that the outside surface layer (5) is a lacquer layer with a thickness of 3 - 8 μm, preferably 4 - 6 μm.

15. Protective device according to claim 13 and / or 14, characterized in that the outside surface layer (5) is a finish lacquer layer made of an acrylate lacquer.

16. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the protective device is designed as a wrapping tape.

17. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that that the protective device (1) is pre-assembled in the form of rollers.

18. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the protective device (1) has a plate-like blank or a shaped blank.

19. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the total thickness of the protective device (1) is 0.5 mm - 1.1 mm, preferably 0.6 - 0.9 mm.

20. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the protective device (1) is temperature-resistant and functional in the assembled state in a range from -40 to +105 ° C.

21. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the protective device (1) is non-flammable and / or self-extinguishing.

22. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the materials of the protective device (1) are resistant to fuels, lubricants, cleaning agents, antifreezes and / or plasticizers.

23. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the materials of the protective device (1) are resistant to outdoor weathering.

24. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the adhesive layer 6 is provided with an easily removable cover layer.

25. Protective device according to claim 24, characterized in that the covering layer is a covering film.

26. Protective device according to claim 24, characterized in that the cover layer is a silicone-coated cover paper.

27. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the adhesive layer (6) consists of a pressure-sensitive adhesive which, when bonded, forms a shear-soft adhesive layer that is elastically deformable under shear load.

28. Protective device according to one or more of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the protective device has a plate-shaped blank.