WO2000058056A1 - Systeme de fixation asymetrique - Google Patents

Systeme de fixation asymetrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000058056A1
WO2000058056A1 PCT/US2000/008643 US0008643W WO0058056A1 WO 2000058056 A1 WO2000058056 A1 WO 2000058056A1 US 0008643 W US0008643 W US 0008643W WO 0058056 A1 WO0058056 A1 WO 0058056A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wrench
fastener
loosening
tightening
fastening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/008643
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard B. Wright
Original Assignee
Wright Tool Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/282,865 external-priority patent/US6698316B1/en
Application filed by Wright Tool Company filed Critical Wright Tool Company
Publication of WO2000058056A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000058056A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/001—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit
    • B25B15/004—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit characterised by cross-section
    • B25B15/005—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit characterised by cross-section with cross- or star-shaped cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/06—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of socket type
    • B25B13/065—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of socket type characterised by the cross-section of the socket
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B23/00—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
    • F16B23/0007—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool characterised by the shape of the recess or the protrusion engaging the tool
    • F16B23/003—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool characterised by the shape of the recess or the protrusion engaging the tool star-shaped or multi-lobular, e.g. Torx-type, twelve-point star
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B23/00—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
    • F16B23/0061—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool with grooves, notches or splines on the external peripheral surface designed for tools engaging in radial direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to a wrench and fastener arrangement and more particularly to a wrench and fastener arrangement having a higher torque to failure in the loosening direction than in the tightening direction.
  • Fasteners come in a variety of types. For example, there are nuts, which are threaded onto a metal shaft and bolts which may threadingly receive a nut, or be threadingly received in a bore. Fasteners usually have a head that includes surfaces for loosening and surfaces for tightening. On many fasteners, the loosening surfaces are the same as the tightening surfaces (for example, a hex head nut or bolt). Other fasteners utilize surfaces for loosening that are different than the surfaces utilized for tightening.
  • the loosening surfaces and tightening surfaces may be formed on the outer perimeter of the fastener head (hereinafter an "external fastener") or on a periphery formed inside of the outer perimeter (hereinafter, an “internal fastener”).
  • External fasteners are designed to be used with open end wrenches or closed end wrenches, such as box wrenches or socket end wrenches.
  • Internal fasteners (among which are so called “Allen” fasteners) are generally designed to be used with an internal-key wrench. Some wrenches (such as an open- end adjustable wrench) are designed to fit a variety of fastener sizes and configurations.
  • the periphery on which the loosening surfaces and tightening surfaces of a fastener are formed is referred to herein as a fastening periphery. While many fasteners have the loosening surfaces and tightening surfaces formed on the same fastening periphery, it is also known to form loosening surfaces on one fastening periphery and tightening surfaces on a different fastening periphery. Such a design has the disadvantages of (1) being relatively expensive, and (2) having too large a fastener head to practically be used in certain applications.
  • FIGS. 1-3 show Typical socket wrench types of this kind.
  • FIG 1 shows a 1 1/2" Hex socket
  • FIG. 2 shows a 1" 12 point socket
  • FIG. 3 shows a 1" 12 point spline.
  • the torque required for loosening a fastener that has been tightened is several times more than the torque required for tightening a fastener. This is because metal surfaces in contact with one another for an extended period of time tend to seize and resist separation. Another factor that causes the fastener to resist separation is the dissolution of the lubricant that may have been present at the time of tightening.
  • a socket wrench may split because of the combined circumferential and radial forces, or its teeth (referred to herein as protuberances) may shear or bend because of the combination of radial and circumferential forces. Or the teeth may flow from excessive contact pressure. Further, the points (referred to herein as protuberances) of the fastener may shear, bend or flow.
  • the fastener head may split due to a combination of radial and circumferential forces, or the wrench may fail in torsion.
  • Fastening system failure is expensive because of increased labor and the cost of providing new wrenches and/or fasteners. For example, if a bolt fails the damaged bolt must usually be drilled and removed with special tools. Fastening system failure can also be dangerous because a user applying a great deal of force to a fastener can be harmed when the system fails and his hand or arm strike a hard or sharp object. As it will be understood, fastener system failure most often occurs when attempting to loosen a fastener because of the greater torque required.
  • the present invention solves these and other problems by providing an asymmetrical fastening system comprising a fastener and a wrench.
  • the fastener has a single fastening periphery and the wrench has a single fastening periphery designed to engage the fastener periphery.
  • a plurality of loosening surfaces and a plurality of tightening surfaces are formed on the fastening periphery and on the wrench fastening periphery.
  • the system is asymmetrical because it is capable of generating more torque to loosen the fastener, and solve the heretofore-mentioned problems, than tightening a fastener.
  • the term radial refers to a vector extending outward in a straight line from the center of a fastener.
  • the fastener has loosening surfaces formed at an angle closer to radial than the angle of the tightening surfaces. Therefore, the radial forces, e., the forces directed along a radial vector, which tend to damage the wrench or fastener, are less when a given torque is applied in the loosening direction than when the same torque is applied in the tightening direction.
  • the circumferential force is the same in both cases. The circumferential forces transmit torque from the wrench to the fastener and are, therefore, the ones that tighten or loosen the fastener.
  • an asymmetrical fastener that can engage the asymmetrical wrench so that the fastener can be axially rotated to a loosened or tightened state.
  • the wrench can be a socket type, a box end type wrench or an internal-key wrench type.
  • the wrench preferably includes a plurality of protuberances and a plurality of recesses formed about a central axis in a single fastening periphery. Each protuberance includes a wrench loosening surface for loosening a fastener and a wrench tightening surface for tightening a fastener.
  • the wrenching loosening is preferably formed at a much smaller angle, with respect to a radial vector extending from the wrench's central axis, than the wrench tightening surface. The result is that the torque to failure of the system is greater in the loosening direction.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is the overall system improvement while maintaining the same size fastener head.
  • the load transmission increases proportionally to the number of protuberances or teeth. Therefore, the number of teeth can vary depending on the application or particular torque requirements. Additionally, more teeth allows the use of a smaller head diameter for a given fastener's size because the difference between the major and minor diameters is less.
  • a wrench protuberance having a greater area where shear forces act to reduce the likelihood that the protuberance will break or bend while in use.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of a 1" Hex wrench socket according to the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a front view of a 1" 12-point wrench socket according to the prior art
  • Figure 3 is a front view of a 1" 12-point wrench socket spline according to the prior art
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a wrench and fastener represented in outline form
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional handle-end view a 15-point wrench socket according to the invention
  • Figure 6 is a top or socket-end view of a 15-point fastener mate for the wrench socket shown in FIG. 5;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional handle-end view of an 8-point internal wrench in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a top or handle-end view of an 8-point internal fastener mate for the internal wrench shown in FIG. 7;
  • Figure 9 is a top or socket-end view of a 15-point fastener for high torque tightening;
  • Figure 10 is a top or socket-end view of a 15-point two headed fastener for high torque tightening
  • Figure 1 1 is an enlarged top or socket-end view of FIG. 9 including ridges on the tightening surface
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged, partial view of a fastener according to the invention showing the application of force to a fastener loosening surface and to a fastener tightening surface
  • Figure 13 is a front view of a ten-point wrench in accordance with the invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a fastening system that (1) generates adequate torque to loosen a previously tightened fastener, (2) includes a fastener head and wrench configured so that they are more likely to withstand, without failure, the force required to generate the adequate torque to loosen a previously tightened fastener, and/or (3) can be manufactured to have the same dimensions as known fasteners in order to be used in existing applications.
  • the present system is asymmetrical, meaning that the torque to failure of the system in the loosening direction is greater than the torque to failure in the tightening direction.
  • the greater torque to failure is primarily achieved in two ways.
  • First, the angle of the loosening surfaces are close to radial, thereby directing most of the loosening force applied by the wrench along a circumferential vector, which generates a high loosening torque.
  • Second, the tightening surfaces are formed at a greater angle to radial than the loosening surfaces. This is not as strong, but because less torque is required to tighten the fastener, there is still adequate tightening torque.
  • the greater angle for the tightening surface creates a larger recess between each fastener loosening surface and fastener tightening surface. This means that the size (i.e., the thickness) of the wrench protuberance engaging the recess is greater.
  • a thicker wrench protuberance means the protuberance is less likely to fail, by either shearing or bending when the wrench is subjected to high forces and torque, particularly in the loosening direction.
  • the preferred embodiment of the invention achieves the benefits disclosed herein by providing a fastening system comprising an asymmetrical fastener and an asymmetrical wrench specifically designed to engage the fastener.
  • the invention is not, however, limited to the designs disclosed herein. For example, it is believed that similar results could possibly be achieved by providing fastener loosening surfaces and fastener tightening surfaces having different heights (relative the center of the fastener) or different angles relative the radii to create a different moment in the loosening direction than in the tightening direction when engaged by a wrench.
  • Figure 12 depicts the forces acting on the surfaces of a fastener made according to the invention.
  • radial forces are those directed along a radius (also called a radial vector) extending outward in a straight line from the center of the fastener and circumferential forces are those directed along a vector perpendicular to radial. It is the circumferential forces that generate torque to turn the fastener.
  • the radial forces act only to deform the loosening surfaces or tightening surfaces or to split the outer member whether it be a wrench or fastener.
  • force Al is shown acting on a fastener loosening surface A2 formed at an angle close to radial. As the loosening surface of a wrench (not shown) transmits force Al against fastener loosening surface A2, two force vectors, circumferential force A3 and radial force A4 are generated against the wrench loosening surface (not shown).
  • the forces shown at B are acting on a tightening surface B2 of the fastener.
  • a tightening surface B2 of the fastener As the tightening surface of a wrench (not shown) transmits force B 1 against fastener tightening surface B2, two force vectors, circumferential force B3 and radial force B4 are generated against the wrench tightening surface (not shown). Because of the differences in the angles of surface A2 and surface B2, when force Al equals force Bl, force A4 is less than force B4.
  • FIG. 4 shows the invention in one of its preferred forms.
  • An asymmetrical fastening system 10 is comprised of an asymmetrical wrench 20 presented in an outline form which could be an open or closed end wrench and a mating asymmetrical fastener 30.
  • Standard wrenches and fasteners have a minimum and maximum cross flats dimension established by industry standards. These minimum and maximum dimensions require a maximum and minimum material, respectively.
  • Wrench 20 has a maximum material 60 and a minimum required material 62.
  • Fastener 30 has a maximum material 64 and a minimum material 66. The wrench and fastener must each be within the minimum and maximum tolerances to be categorized within a specified head size.
  • Wrench 20 is preferably a 15-point wrench comprised of fifteen uniformly peripherally spaced protuberances 32 and fifteen uniformly peripherally spaced recesses 50 formed along a single wrench fastening periphery.
  • No aspect of the invention is limited, however, to a wrench or fastener having any particular number of recesses, protuberances, fastening surfaces or loosening surfaces.
  • the invention limited to a system wherein the number of loosening surfaces on the fastener are equal to the number of loosening surfaces on wrench, or the number of tightening surfaces on the fastener are equal to the number of tightening surfaces on the wrench.
  • the wrench or the fastener, or both may have fewer tightening surfaces than loosening surfaces or fewer loosening surfaces than tightening surfaces.
  • each protuberance 32 is preferably located equidistant from a central axis A and each recess 50 is located equidistant from the central axis A.
  • Fastener 30 is preferably a 15-point fastener and comprises fifteen uniformly peripherally spaced protuberances 33 and a plurality of uniformly peripherally spaced recesses 51 formed along a single fastening periphery, having the same shape, respectively, as the protuberances and recesses of the wrench.
  • Each protuberance of the fastener is located equidistant from the central axis A and each recess of the fastener is located equidistant from the central axis A.
  • the protuberances of the wrench engage the recesses of the fastener and the protuberances of the fastener engage the recesses of the wrench.
  • the protuberances are slightly smaller than the recesses to make engagement possible.
  • protuberances are essentially identical for both the wrench and the fastener and only one of the protuberances of the wrench needs to be described in detail, since all of the wrench protuberances are preferably identical. It should be understood that the protuberances of the wrench extend inwardly, while the protuberances of the fastener extend outwardly, so that the surfaces described for the wrench will be diametrically opposed to the surfaces of the fastener.
  • Protuberance 32 has an inner generally circumferential joining surface 34 that connects a wrench loosening surface 36 and a wrench tightening surface 38. Wrench loosening surface 36 and wrench tightening surface 38 interface with a fastener loosening surface 70 and a fastener tightening surface 72, respectively, on fastener 30.
  • Fastener loosening surface 70 is connected to fastener tightening surface 72 by an outer fastener engagement surface 74.
  • Inner joining surface 34 of wrench 20 extends equidistantly between a given radius from a first point 39 at wrench loosening surface 36 to a second point 41 at wrench tightening surface 38.
  • Dashed line B-B extends circumferentially through approximately the center of the joining surfaces of the maximum and minimum material requirements. The ends of inner joining surface 34 converge with the wrench surfaces 36 and 38, and are joined together by a pair of arches 40 and 42.
  • Wrench loosening surface 36 forms a 15° angle with respect to radius (also called a radial vector) R.
  • Wrench tightening surface 38 forms a 60° angle with respect to radius R' .
  • the circumferential force and torque for loosening is greater than the circumferential force and torque for tightening, given an equal force applied to the wrench for loosening and tightening.
  • the radial force in the loosening direction is less than the radial force in the tightening direction, given an equal force applied to the wrench for loosening and tightening. Because of the differences in these forces, contributable in the preferred embodiment to the different angles, respectively, of the loosening surfaces and tightening surfaces, the torque to failure of the system (failure of either the fastener or the wrench, but preferably the wrench) is greater in the loosening direction than in the fastening direction.
  • the recesses are essentially identical for both the wrench and the fastener and only one of the recesses of the wrench will be described in detail. It should be understood that the recesses 50 of the wrench extend outwardly, while the recesses 51 of the fastener extend inwardly so that the surfaces described for the wrench will be diametrically opposed, with respect to the fastener. Recess 50 has an outer circumferential joining surface 52 that connects wrench tightening surface 38, which is part of protuberance 32, with a second wrench loosening surface 36 of an adjoining protuberance.
  • Outer circumferential joining surface 52 extends equidistantly along a given circumference from a first point 55 where it intersects the wrench tightening surface 38 to a second point 57, where it is joined at second wrench loosening surface 36.
  • the ends of outer radial joining surface 52 converge with wrench surfaces 38 and 36, and are joined by a pair of arches 56 and 58.
  • Wrench loosening surface 36 forms a 15° angle with respect to radius R".
  • Wrench tightening surface 38 forms a 60° angle with respect to radius R' as previously discussed.
  • protuberance 32 and adjoining recess 50 form a complete section for mating with a point on a fastener.
  • These sections are preferably repeated radially and preferably equal the number of points of the mating fastener forming a saw tooth type shape.
  • there are 15 points but the invention could have 8, 10, 12 or a different number of points depending on the application, head size and torque requirements.
  • the invention is not limited to a loosening surface having an angle 15° away from a radius extending from the central axis of the wrench or fastener, and is not limited to a tightening surface having an angle of 60° away from a radii extending from the central axis of the wrench or fastener. It should be understood that different angles could be chosen according to desired head size, number of points and torque requirements. In all cases the loosening surface would require a smaller angle than the tightening surface.
  • FIG. 5 shows a socket end wrench 100 (alternatively, a box wrench could be used) having 15 points and a mating fastener head 110 shown in FIG. 6.
  • socket head 100 comprises a plurality of protuberances 32 and recesses 50, as described previously, each having a wrench tightening surface 36 and a wrench loosening surface 38.
  • the wrench tightening surfaces 36 have an angle of 60° away from radii extending from a central axis, like the previously described embodiment; however the wrench loosening surfaces 38 are at a 22.25° angle with radii extending from the central axis A.
  • Each protuberance 32 is spaced apart at 24° angles from each adjoining protuberance.
  • inner joining surface 34 extends circumferentially from points 39 to 41 over an angle of 5.2°.
  • socket fastener 110 is comprised of a plurality of protuberances 33 and recesses 51, as described previously, having fastener tightening surfaces 70 and fastener loosening surfaces 72.
  • the fastener tightening surfaces 70 have an angle of 60° away from radii extending from a central axis, and fastener loosening surfaces 72 are at a 22.25° angle with radii extending from the central axis, as described in mating wrench 100.
  • the number of points or teeth of the wrench and number of points on the fasteners can vary depending on the shape, size, hardness of the fastener, and the application being facilitated. Smaller heads can be used as the number of points increase because more teeth will allow for a smaller diameter head. However, smaller teeth require more precise manufacturing. Increasing the number of teeth can increase the amount of torque because there is a greater area over which to spread the forces, which reduces the probability of failure.
  • the system described above is a preferred embodiment for increasing the torque to failure in the loosening direction.
  • a standard design of a 12-point or higher fastener may not have sufficient wrenchability to fully utilize the properties of the fastener.
  • using a larger cross flats dimension on a 12-point fastener would increase the torque transmission capability and improve the systems overall wrenchability, making it possible to fully utilize the properties of the fastener.
  • the 12-point fastener is made with a cross flats of 1.3 or 1.5 times the bolt diameter, its wrenchability problems would be solved and designs originally made with hexagonal headed fasteners could be upgraded and standard wrenches used.
  • the current invention provides a way around this problem while still preserving the smaller fastener heads.
  • this fastening system could be applied to internal wrenching systems such as that found in hollow head cap screws such as "Allen” fasteners and internal-key wrenches. This could be possible by interchanging the wrench and the fastener so that the wrench element is inside the hollow head of the fastener. In this configuration, the number of points on the fastener and wrench are likely to be smaller to facilitate manufacturing, because the fastener loosening surfaces and fastener tightening surfaces are formed on a fastening periphery inside of the outer perimeter of the fastener, whereas previously the fastening perimeter was the outer perimeter of the fastener. This design is referred to as an internal wrenching configuration.
  • a nut cannot be made with an internal wrenching configuration, it must have an external wrenching configuration, wherein the fastener loosening surfaces and fastener tightening surfaces are formed on the outer perimeter of the fastener, because space must be left for the tapped hole in the nut.
  • larger teeth can be used in the fastener periphery formed in the interior of the fastener because the fastener is not limited by the requirement for internal space in which to place a hole.
  • FIG. 7 shows an internal wrench 120 used for mating a hollow head cap screw 140 shown in FIG. 8.
  • Internal wrench 120 and mating hollow head cap screw 140 each have 8 fastening points.
  • Internal wrench 120 is comprised of a plurality of outwardly directed protuberances 122 and inwardly directed recesses 124, each having a wrench tightening surface 126 and a wrench loosening surface 128.
  • Wrench tightening surfaces 126 have an angle of 60° away from radii extending from a central axis, and the wrench loosening surfaces 128 are at a 22.25° angle with radii extending from the central axis, like the previously described embodiment.
  • Each protuberance 122 is spaced apart at a 45° angle from each adjoining protuberance.
  • inner joining surface 130 extends circumferentially from points 132 to 134 over an angle of 10.8°.
  • mating hollow head cap 140 shown in FIG. 8, it is comprised of a plurality of inwardly directed protuberances 142 and outwardly directed recesses 144, as described previously, having fastener tightening surfaces 146 and fastener loosening surfaces 148.
  • the fastener tightening surfaces 146 have an angle of 60° away from a radii extending from a central axis, and fastener loosening surfaces 148 are at a 22.25° angle with a radii extending from the central axis, as described in mating wrench 120.
  • General tolerances with respect to the 60° and 22.25° angle would of course apply.
  • a fastener 150 is comprised of a plurality of protuberances 152 and recesses 154, having a fastener tightening surfaces 156 and fastener loosening surfaces 158.
  • the fastener tightening surfaces 156 each have an angle of 22.25° away from radii extending respectively from a central axis, and fastener loosening surfaces 158 are at a 60° angle with radii extending respectively from the central axis. Again, general tolerances would apply to the respective angles.
  • fastener 150 is a mirror image of fastener 110 shown in FIG. 6.
  • loosening wrenching surfaces 158 are only used for backside support for the torque transmitting surfaces.
  • a plurality of ridges or projections 160 may be formed on tightening surface 156 of fastener 150. Ridges 160 deform when sufficient load is applied during the tightening process. Determining whether sufficient load has been applied can be done by visual inspection for large fasteners, or by use of a gage (not shown) for small fasteners that would only fit on the fastener if the projections were properly deformed. Such ridges or protrusions could also be formed in the corresponding surfaces of fasteners disclosed earlier where a higher torque is necessary in the loosening direction than in the tightening direction.
  • a two headed fastener 170 is provided having an upper head 172 and a lower head 174 attached to one another by a neck 175 (shown by dashed lines).
  • Upper head 172 is a high torque configuration head essentially identical to fastener 150 depicted in FIG. 9.
  • Upper head 172 includes a plurality of protuberances 176 and a plurality of recesses 178, having fastener tightening surfaces 180 and fastener loosening surfaces 182.
  • fastener tightening surfaces 180 are at a much smaller angle than fastener loosening surfaces 182.
  • Lower head 174 has a round circumference such that it can engage the surface it is tightened on, but cannot be removed.
  • a head can be used similar to the head of fastener 110 of FIG. 6.
  • the lower head could also be shaped in a configuration specifically adapted to a special removal tool.
  • a matching wrench is placed over fastener head 172 and turned in the tightening direction. Once lower head 174 engages with the surface that fastener 170 is being fastened to and sufficient torque is applied, upper head 172 and neck 175 are severed from lower head 174.
  • the security of fastener 170 can be further enhanced by enclosing lower head 174.
  • the security of fastener 170 can be further enhanced by enclosing lower head 174 in a countersunk hole.
  • the respective angles of the loosening surfaces and tightening surfaces of the fastener may be different than the respective angles of the loosening surfaces and tightening surfaces of the wrench.
  • the angles of the loosening surfaces of the fastener should be designed to be equal to, or vary up to 3° from, the angle of the loosening surfaces of the wrench.
  • the angle of the tightening surfaces of the fastener are preferably equal to the angle of the tightening surfaces of the wrench.
  • FIG 13 shows a ten point internal-key wrench 200 according to the invention.
  • Wrench 200 has ten protuberances 202, which are preferably of the same or similar configuration as previously described protuberances 32.
  • Wrench 200 also has ten recesses 204, which are preferably of the same or similar configuration as previously described recesses 50.
  • Wrench 200 is designed to engage, preferably, a ten point fastener (not shown) having ten protuberances and ten recesses having the same configurations as the previously described protuberances 32 and recesses 50.
  • This embodiment (or theoretically any of the disclosed embodiments) could utilize a loosening surface having a 0° angle with respect to radial to generate less radial force.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de fixation asymétrique qui comprend (1) une pièce de fixation comportant des surfaces de desserrage asymétriques et des surfaces de serrage formées sur une périphérie de fixation unique et (2) une clé comportant des surfaces de desserrage asymétriques et des surfaces de serrage formées sur une périphérie de fixation unique qui mettent en prise les surfaces de desserrage et celles de serrage, respectivement, de la pièce de fixation. Lorsque la clé met en prise une fixation et qu'une force est appliquée à la clé, le couple de rupture dans le sens de desserrage est plus important que le couple de rupture dans le sens de serrage.
PCT/US2000/008643 1999-03-31 2000-03-31 Systeme de fixation asymetrique WO2000058056A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/282,865 US6698316B1 (en) 1998-04-13 1999-03-31 Asymmetrical fastening system
US09/282,865 1999-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000058056A1 true WO2000058056A1 (fr) 2000-10-05

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1371453A2 (fr) 2002-06-12 2003-12-17 Wright Tool Company Système de clef et moyen de fixation asymétrique
WO2007141717A1 (fr) * 2006-06-02 2007-12-13 Pur Water Purification Products, Inc. Écrou permettant d'attacher deux dispositifs et procédé de mise en œuvre de celui-ci
WO2015014480A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Robert Rathmann Élément de liaison d'un système de liaison, outil servant à lier, délier et contrôler l'élément de liaison et procédé pour munir un système de liaison d'un élément de scellement de fermeture et/ou une indication de couple
WO2015050942A1 (fr) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-09 Alcoa Inc. Creux et clef de dispositif de fixation asymétrique
US9004290B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2015-04-14 Pur Water Purification Products, Inc. Apparatus and methods for faucet-mounted water filtration systems
EP2753835A4 (fr) * 2011-08-25 2015-07-22 Infastech Ip Pte Ltd Angle d'entraînement négatif
EP3315797A1 (fr) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-02 United Technologies Corporation Dispositif de fixation avec des caractéristiques d'entraînement optimisées pour la maintenance
EP3453899A1 (fr) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-13 Kingi Oy Élément de fixation fileté et outil d'assemblage

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US4073160A (en) * 1975-08-14 1978-02-14 Cefilac Torque transmitting coupling
US5174704A (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-12-29 K.K. Aoyama Seisakusho Bolt head and socket for the same
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EP1371453A2 (fr) 2002-06-12 2003-12-17 Wright Tool Company Système de clef et moyen de fixation asymétrique
EP1371453A3 (fr) * 2002-06-12 2007-03-14 Wright Tool Company Système de clef et moyen de fixation asymétrique
WO2007141717A1 (fr) * 2006-06-02 2007-12-13 Pur Water Purification Products, Inc. Écrou permettant d'attacher deux dispositifs et procédé de mise en œuvre de celui-ci
US7568874B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2009-08-04 Pur Water Purification Products, Inc. Nut for attaching two devices and method for providing the same
US10125026B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2018-11-13 Helen Of Troy Limited Apparatus and methods for faucet-mounted water filtration systems
US9004290B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2015-04-14 Pur Water Purification Products, Inc. Apparatus and methods for faucet-mounted water filtration systems
US11440813B2 (en) 2007-09-05 2022-09-13 Helen Of Troy Limited Apparatus and methods for faucet-mounted water filtration systems
KR20170135995A (ko) * 2011-08-25 2017-12-08 인파스텍 인텔렉츄얼 프로퍼티즈 피티이. 엘티디. 음의 구동 각도
EP2753835A4 (fr) * 2011-08-25 2015-07-22 Infastech Ip Pte Ltd Angle d'entraînement négatif
KR102035408B1 (ko) 2011-08-25 2019-10-22 인파스텍 인텔렉츄얼 프로퍼티즈 피티이. 엘티디. 음의 구동 각도
US10100864B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2018-10-16 Robert Rathmann Fastener element for a fastening system, fastening tool, disengagement and testing of a fastener element, method for providing a fastening system with a closure seal and/or a torque indicator
WO2015014480A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Robert Rathmann Élément de liaison d'un système de liaison, outil servant à lier, délier et contrôler l'élément de liaison et procédé pour munir un système de liaison d'un élément de scellement de fermeture et/ou une indication de couple
US9970469B2 (en) 2013-10-01 2018-05-15 Arconic Inc. Asymmetric fastener recess and key
WO2015050942A1 (fr) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-09 Alcoa Inc. Creux et clef de dispositif de fixation asymétrique
US10907677B2 (en) 2013-10-01 2021-02-02 Howmet Aerospace Inc. Asymmetric fastener recess and key
EP3315797A1 (fr) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-02 United Technologies Corporation Dispositif de fixation avec des caractéristiques d'entraînement optimisées pour la maintenance
EP3453899A1 (fr) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-13 Kingi Oy Élément de fixation fileté et outil d'assemblage

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