WO2000051164A1 - Lampe a cathode creuse - Google Patents

Lampe a cathode creuse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000051164A1
WO2000051164A1 PCT/JP2000/001017 JP0001017W WO0051164A1 WO 2000051164 A1 WO2000051164 A1 WO 2000051164A1 JP 0001017 W JP0001017 W JP 0001017W WO 0051164 A1 WO0051164 A1 WO 0051164A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cathode
hollow
hollow cathode
anode
lamp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/001017
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yuji Shimazu
Toshio Ito
Jyunichi Imakama
Original Assignee
Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. filed Critical Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Priority to AU26899/00A priority Critical patent/AU2689900A/en
Publication of WO2000051164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000051164A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/09—Hollow cathodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/68—Lamps in which the main discharge is between parts of a current-carrying guide, e.g. halo lamp

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hollow sword lamp used as a light source for atomic absorption analysis, atomic fluorescence analysis and the like.
  • Atomic absorption spectrometry requires the use of a light source that outputs the atomic spectrum lines of the element itself, and such a light source is known as a holo-powered sword lamp (hollow cathode lamp).
  • a holo-powered sword lamp high cathode lamp
  • an analysis element forming a hollow cathode is scattered in an atomic state in a discharge space by sputtering accompanying ion bombardment, and a spectrum line is generated by transfer of electron energy.
  • a problem that occurs when using such a hollow one-sword lamp is that a part of the spectrum wire gives energy to non-excited element atoms (unexcited element atoms) existing in the discharge space, This is known as a phenomenon called self-absorption, in which the intensity of the spectral line is reduced. If the self-absorption rate is high, the light output cannot be improved even if the current value supplied to the hollow power source lamp is increased.
  • thermoelectron supply source auxiliary electrode for thermionic emission, electron emitter
  • the non-excited atoms are brought into an excited state by the discharge. In this way, the excitation of unexcited atoms by discharge using the thermionic electron source as a cathode prevents absorption of spectrum lines by unexcited atoms.
  • Disclosure of the invention
  • the holo one-sided sword lamp described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-56781 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,504 had the following problems. That is, the elements of the cathode are scattered by the above-mentioned sputtering, but when the supply current to the lamp is increased to some extent, the scattered elements are scattered, and the scattered elements scatter the spectrum lines. Because they are scattered violently, the effect of exposing unexcited elements to an excited state is reduced even if discharge is performed using a thermoelectric child supply as a cathode. Therefore, there is a problem that a desired light output cannot be obtained even when the operating current of the lamp is increased.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hollow cathode lamp having a high light output and an inner surface of a bulb which is hardly contaminated.
  • the present invention provides a hollow single-sword lamp including a hollow cathode and an anode facing a light emission window in a bulb having a light emission window.
  • An open end is connected to the hollow cathode, and the other open end has a cylindrical hood facing the light emission window; and an electron source for performing discharge using thermoelectrons between the anode and the anode. It is characterized by being arranged in a cylindrical hood.
  • the cathode element scattered when the hollow cathode is sputtered adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hood, so that the inner peripheral surface of the bulb is hardly stained.
  • the cylindrical hood can prevent the scattering elements from being scattered intensely and widely. Therefore, scattering of the spectral lines output from the lamp is prevented, and the light output is improved.
  • unexcited atoms present in the hollow cathode are predicted by the discharge between the anode and the electron source placed in the cylindrical hood. As a result, the excited state can be attained, and self absorption by the unexcited atoms can be prevented. At this time, as described above, the situation in which the scattered elements are violently scattered over a wide area by the cylindrical hood is prevented, and thus the unexcited elements can be efficiently brought into an excited state by the discharge.
  • the hollow cathode is a through cathode whose inside penetrates, and is located between the light exit window and the anode.
  • the anode is not located in the space between the hollow cathode and the light exit window, so that when the atoms in the hollow cathode enter the ground state, the light emitted from the atoms progresses. It is not hindered by the presence of the anode.
  • the electron supply source is located outside the optical path between the hollow cathode and the light exit window.
  • the electron supply source is located outside the optical path between the hollow cathode and the light exit window.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a hollow single-purpose lamp according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the hollow cathode when the hollow single-sided lamp shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the X direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing a modification of the hollow cathode lamp according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a hollow single-sword lamp of the present embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the hollow cathode when the hollow sword lamp shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the X direction.
  • the hollow sword lamp 2 includes a hollow cathode 14 having a light exit surface (light exit window) 3 made of quartz glass and a hollow cathode 14 penetrating vertically in FIG. And an anode 8 arranged below the anode 4.
  • the valve 4 is airtight, and neon gas is sealed inside.
  • the anode 8 is supported by a ceramic insulator tube 6 and is further electrically connected to a lead wire passing through the insulator tube 6.
  • the hollow cathode 14 is supported and fixed to the bulb 4 by an electrically insulating cathode support member 12 in which a flange portion 12 f is mounted on a substrate 10 a made of mica (mica).
  • an electrically insulating cathode support member 12 in which a flange portion 12 f is mounted on a substrate 10 a made of mica (mica).
  • two insulator tubes 16a are arranged so as to sandwich the anode 8, and further, the flange portion 12f of the cathode support member 12 and the substrate 10a
  • An insulating insulator tube 16b is provided between the upper substrate 10b and the substrate 10b.
  • the substrate 10a and the substrate 1Ob have a ring shape, and the inner peripheral portion thereof is in contact with the cathode support member 12 and the outer peripheral portion thereof is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the bulb 4, and is insulated. The swing of the insulator tube 16a and the insulating insulator tube 16b is prevented.
  • the hollow cathode 14 includes a cylindrical outer tube 14a made of stainless steel and an inner tube 14b made of vanadium formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 14a.
  • the material forming the inner tube 14b of the hollow cathode 14 is not limited to vanadium and can be variously changed depending on the element to be analyzed, and examples thereof include selenium and arsenic. Further, the material forming the outer tube 14a is not limited to stainless steel, and the outer tube 14a may not be provided depending on the material forming the inner tube 14b.
  • a substantially cylindrical hood 20 which is a feature of the present embodiment is mounted on the hollow cathode 14 coaxially with the hollow cathode 14. More specifically, the hood 20 is mounted on the hollow cathode 14 such that the lower inner periphery of the hood 20 is fitted to the upper outer periphery of the hollow cathode 14.
  • the lower part of the hood 20 has two metal hood fixing plates 18 To the hollow cathode 14. In FIG. 1, only one of the two fin fixing plates 18 located on the inner side of the hollow cathode 14 in the drawing is shown, but actually, the front side of the hollow cathode 14 in the drawing is shown.
  • the hood fixing plate 18 is also arranged, and the two hood fixing plates 18 are bonded by welding.
  • the lead wire 17 is sandwiched between the two hood fixing plates 18, whereby conduction to the hollow cathode 14 is achieved.
  • the lower open end 20 a of the hood 20 is in contact with the hollow cathode 14, and the upper open end 20 b is opposed to the light emitting surface 3 of the bulb 4.
  • the hood 20 is formed of nickel having good thermal conductivity and being difficult to be sputtered.
  • the material constituting the hood 20 is not limited to nickel, but may be stainless steel, aluminum, or the like.
  • thermoelectron emission cathode (electron supply source) 24 for performing discharge using thermoelectrons between the anode 8 and the anode 8 is disposed in the housing portion 40. That is, the thermionic emission cathode 24 is located outside the optical path between the light emitting surface 3 and the hollow cathode 14. The thermionic emission cathode 24 is supported by a support tube 26 through which a conducting wire passes.
  • the above is the configuration of the holo sword lamp 2.
  • a voltage is applied between the anode 8 and the hollow cathode 14 to cause a discharge between the two. Then, this discharge ionizes the neon gas atoms sealed in the bulb 4 by inelastic collision. The cations generated by the ionization of the gas are pulled by the electric field and collide with the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 14 b of the hollow cathode 14.
  • Cathode material vanadium
  • the scattered cathode element is composed of a single atom or the like in a ground state, and is thermally diffused into the internal space of the hollow cathode 14.
  • the scattering cathode element in the ground state during diffusion is excited by the discharge generated between the anode 8 and the hollow cathode 14 and transitions to the ground state again in a short time (about 10 to 8 seconds). You. At this time, monochromatic light (spectral line) peculiar to vanadium equal to the transition energy Is emitted, and this light is output from the light emitting surface 3.
  • the hood 20 is mounted above the hollow cathode 14, and the scattered cathode element scattered from the hollow cathode 14 adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the hood 20. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the flying cathode element adheres to the inner peripheral surface of 4 and becomes dirty. Further, the hood 20 can prevent the scattered cathode elements from being violently scattered over a wide range, thereby preventing scattering of the spectrum lines output from the light emitting surface 3 and improving the light output. Further, the density of the scattered cathode element in the hood 20 increases.
  • the hood 20 connected to the hollow cathode 14 is made of nickel having good thermal conductivity, and also serves as a heat radiating member for the hollow cathode 14. For this reason, the rate of temperature rise of the hollow cathode 14 due to the increase in the operating current of the lamp 2 decreases, and the operating current of the lamp 2 can be made higher than before, and the light output improves. Also, it is possible to prevent the hollow cathode 14 from being melted by heat before being sputtered. Furthermore, since the anode 8 is not located in the space between the hollow cathode 14 and the light emitting surface 3, the progress of the spectral line from the scattered cathode element in the hollow cathode 14 toward the light emitting surface 3 is positive.
  • the thermionic emission cathode 24 is located outside the optical path between the light emitting surface 3 and the hollow cathode 14, the spectrum from the scattered cathode element in the hollow cathode 14 toward the light emitting surface 3 The progression of the line is not hindered by the presence of thermionic cathode 24.
  • the energy of the spectral line is absorbed by the scattered cathode element in an unexcited state (ground state), a phenomenon called so-called self-absorption.
  • self-absorption occurs, the intensity of the spectrum line is weakened, and furthermore, the outline of the spectrum line becomes blurred, and the analytical absorption sensitivity is reduced. Will decrease.
  • the thermionic emission cathodes 24 are arranged in the housing portions 40 formed in the hood 20.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a characteristic portion of the holo-powered sword lamp of this modification.
  • the difference between the hollow cathode lamp and the hollow cathode lamp 2 shown in FIG. 1 lies in the arrangement of the thermionic emission cathodes 24.
  • thermionic emission cathodes 24 are arranged in the vertical direction in the figure, that is, in parallel with the extending direction of the hood 20. Even when such a configuration is adopted, the same effect as the holo-powered sword lamp shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.
  • the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
  • the hood is not limited to a tube having a circular cross section, and may be a square tube or the like according to the shape of the hollow cathode.
  • the hollow cathode is formed of an inner tube and an outer tube, the outer tube is extended in the direction of the light emitting surface without providing a separate hood, and the extended portion of the outer tube is regarded as a hood.
  • An electron source may be located inside the extension.
  • the cathode element scattered when the hollow cathode is sputtered adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hood, so that the inner periphery of the bulb is The surface is hardly dirty.
  • the tubular hood allows Can be prevented from scattering intensely and widely. For this reason, scattering of the spectral lines output from the lamp can be prevented, and the light output of the lamp can be improved.
  • the discharge between the electron supply source and the anode disposed in the cylindrical hood allows the non-excited atoms present in the hollow cathode to be in an excited state in advance, and the self-excited atoms by the non-excited atoms Absorption can be prevented.
  • the unexcited elements can be efficiently brought into the excited state by the discharge using the electron supply source as a cathode. And the light output is further improved.

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  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Cette lampe à cathode creuse comprend une anode (8), ainsi qu'une cathode creuse (14) montée de manière opposée à une fenêtre de sortie (3), dans une ampoule (4) présentant une telle fenêtre (3) ; elle comprend également un capuchon cylindrique (20) présentant une extrémité ouverte (20a) reliée à la cathode creuse (14), l'autre extrémité ouverte (20b) étant placée de manière opposée à la fenêtre de sortie (3) ; elle comprend encore une source d'électrons (24) disposée de façon à coopérer avec l'anode (8) afin de produire une décharge de thermoélectrons, la source d'électrons (24) étant enfermée dans le capuchon cylindrique (20).
PCT/JP2000/001017 1999-02-23 2000-02-23 Lampe a cathode creuse WO2000051164A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU26899/00A AU2689900A (en) 1999-02-23 2000-02-23 Hollow-cathode lamp

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11/44592 1999-02-23
JP11044592A JP2000243355A (ja) 1999-02-23 1999-02-23 ホローカソードランプ

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000051164A1 true WO2000051164A1 (fr) 2000-08-31

Family

ID=12695755

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2000/001017 WO2000051164A1 (fr) 1999-02-23 2000-02-23 Lampe a cathode creuse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2000243355A (fr)
AU (1) AU2689900A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000051164A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6079660A (ja) * 1983-10-07 1985-05-07 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk ホロ−カソ−ドランプ
US5483121A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-01-09 Koto Electric Co., Ltd. Hollow cathode discharge tube

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6079660A (ja) * 1983-10-07 1985-05-07 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk ホロ−カソ−ドランプ
US5483121A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-01-09 Koto Electric Co., Ltd. Hollow cathode discharge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2689900A (en) 2000-09-14
JP2000243355A (ja) 2000-09-08

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