WO2000049195A1 - Verfahren zum bearbeiten einer oberfläche eines bauteils - Google Patents
Verfahren zum bearbeiten einer oberfläche eines bauteils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000049195A1 WO2000049195A1 PCT/EP2000/000572 EP0000572W WO0049195A1 WO 2000049195 A1 WO2000049195 A1 WO 2000049195A1 EP 0000572 W EP0000572 W EP 0000572W WO 0049195 A1 WO0049195 A1 WO 0049195A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- component
- piston
- cylinder
- carried out
- crankcase
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for processing a surface of a component by means of a plasma jet in a processing zone, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloys mainly used for cylinder crankcases are unsuitable for the tribological loading of the piston-piston ring-cylinder raceway system due to the low proportion of the wear-resistant silicon phase.
- Hypereutectic alloys, such as the alloy AISil 7 Cu 4 Mg have a sufficient proportion of silicon crystallites.
- This hard, wear-resistant structural component is highlighted by chemical and / or mechanical processing steps compared to the matrix consisting of the aluminum mixed crystal and forms a required wing portion.
- the castability, the poor machinability and the high costs of this alloy are disadvantageous compared to the hypoeutectic and nearutectic alloys.
- the present invention has for its object to provide an improved method of the type mentioned above, which eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above and achieves rapid production in a short process time.
- the particle beam at least partially sweeps over the surface of the component to be machined in a predetermined pattern.
- the thermal spraying is expediently carried out by means of flame spraying, plasma spraying with a plasma jet or HV spraying.
- the predetermined pattern comprises at least one, in particular two opposite or more spiral-like sweeps of the surface to be processed with a predetermined slope with an angle ⁇ of, for example, 1 ° to 90 °.
- the pattern comprises a linear, angular, crosswise and / or punctiform sweep of the surface to be processed.
- the surface to be machined is a cylinder running surface for a piston in a cylinder of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine
- the sweep is expediently carried out in a predetermined pattern in a region between an upper and lower dead center of the piston.
- the plasma jet at least partially covers the surface of the component to be machined in order to achieve a full-surface alloy.
- the full-surface sweep is preferably carried out in a region of the top and / or bottom dead center of the piston.
- the full area sweep is carried out, for example, at least at a height which corresponds to a width of a piston ring packet of the piston, it being particularly preferred that the full area sweep over the width of the piston ring packet by 12% of a piston stroke, for example by approximately 5 mm.
- the surface of the component is additionally processed, in particular remelted, with a laser beam after processing.
- a melting bath is expediently formed in the coating zone when the material of the component is melted.
- component is made of aluminum and is in particular a crankcase of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, on the cylinder running surfaces of which the coating is carried out by cylinders.
- a cooling medium in particular gas, nitrogen or a cooling liquid, flows through a water chamber of the crankcase during the production of the wear-resistant surface.
- a powdery material in particular silicon or a silicon alloy, is applied to the material of the component in a particularly preferred manner by means of the particle beam, this material of the component preferably being aluminum.
- a wear-resistant surface in particular in the form of a thermal spray layer, is formed on the surface of the component. It is particularly advantageous to connect a post-processing by means of a honing process to the machining process for producing the wear-resistant surface, by means of which the hardened surface is smoothed.
- FIG. 1 shows a device for processing a component with a plasma beam and a laser beam in a schematic sectional view
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a first preferred embodiment of a machining pattern according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a second preferred embodiment of a machining pattern according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of further preferred embodiments of machining patterns according to the invention.
- the preferred embodiment of a device for surface processing shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a plasma torch 10 and a laser 12, the plasma torch 10 emitting a plasma beam 14 with a coating material 16 and the laser 12 emitting a laser beam 18.
- a component to be machined here is a crankcase (not shown) with corresponding cylinder bores 19, a surface 20 of a cylinder wall 22 being machined.
- the crankcase is made of aluminum, for example, and the processing of the surface 20 serves to form a wear-resistant surface in the region of a cylinder raceway, on which a piston, not shown, moves up and down in the cylinder 19.
- the coating material 16 has, for example, powdered silicon, which is applied to the surface 20 as melted coating elements by means of the plasma jet 14.
- the plasma jet 14 sweeps over the surface 20 by guiding the plasma torch 10 into the cylinder 19 and thereby is rotated about its own axis, as indicated by arrows 24 (Fig. 1) and 25 (Fig. 2).
- the area on which the plasma jet 14 currently strikes is referred to below as the processing area or coating zone 26.
- the coating material 16 is introduced into the material of the cylinder wall 22.
- the laser 12 provided in addition to the plasma torch 10 is arranged such that it strikes the surface 20 in the machining direction 25 in front of the plasma beam 14.
- the energy of the laser 12 is selected such that the material of the cylinder wall 22 melts at the point of incidence of the laser beam 18, so that a melt or molten bath 28 is formed immediately before the plasma beam 14 strikes.
- the plasma beam 14 lags behind the laser beam 18 and applies the coating material 16 contained in the plasma to the melt 28. In this way, the coating material 16 is optimally alloyed into the material of the cylinder wall 22.
- a laser coating and a plasma coating are thus carried out and coupled in a single work step.
- the distance between laser beam 18 and plasma beam 14 is, among other things. a function of the laser power, the desired melting depth, the melting length, the reflectance of the material of the cylinder wall 22 and the diameter of the cylinder 19.
- the surface 20 with the double beam of laser beam 18 and plasma beam 14 is not swept over the entire surface of the cylinder, but in a predetermined area according to a predetermined pattern.
- 3 to 5 show examples of such patterns for a laser alloying and application track 29.
- a sweep takes place in the areas of an upper dead center 30 (TDC) and a lower dead center 32 (UT) of a piston (not shown) over the entire surface, namely at a height which corresponds to a height 34 of a piston ring package plus, for example, 5 mm, corresponding to 12% of a stroke of the piston.
- TDC upper dead center 30
- UT lower dead center 32
- the surface 20 is swept in a helical or spiral manner with a pitch angle ⁇ 36 of, for example, 1 ° to 90 °.
- the surface 20 is swept with two opposing coils.
- Training also provided three or more coils.
- the surface 20 is swept in a linear, angular, cross-wise or punctiform manner.
- the laser 12 is used in order to increase a silicon portion 16 in an edge layer of an underutectic or near-eutectic aluminum alloy of the cylinder wall 22.
- AlSi powder is introduced into the generated melt 28 during the laser process with a suitable feed in the one-step process shown.
- layer thicknesses of over 2 mm can be achieved.
- the aim here is only a low degree of mixing with the base material.
- the silicon content in the powder supplied is in a range between 20% and 40%. If considerably smaller layer thicknesses with a high degree of mixing are required, powders 16 with silicon contents between 40% and 60% are used.
- the powder particles 16 are to dissolve completely in the melt 28, it is necessary to ensure a minimum melt bath life using the process parameters feed rate and laser power.
- a suitable beam intensity distribution is preferred for low-cost processing.
- fused lenses with a cross section that is as rectangular as possible and thus little track overlap are advantageous.
- the melt pool 28 generated directly by the laser 12 in the feed direction 25 in front of the plasma coating zone 26 leads to a metallic bond between the powder particles 16 which are in the solid or liquid state and the substrate.
- the layer structure consists of the substrate material, a thin alloyed zone with dissolved and partially only melted-on former powder particles 16 and a spray layer which is relatively thick in relation to it.
- the layer adhesion between the spray and alloy layers can be increased considerably due to improved micro-toothing with correspondingly selected process parameters. This saves an otherwise necessary, complex and cost-intensive preparation of the surface 20 to be coated (cleaning and blasting) in order to achieve adequate layer adhesion of a spray layer.
- the coating process described for the surface of a component can also be followed by a honing process for smoothing it.
- An alternative and particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is to combine thermal spraying and laser surface treatment in such a way that when the coating material 16 is applied over the entire surface by means of thermal spraying or when the cylinder surface is spray-coated over its entire surface, the laser or laser beam is only partially tracked, whereby the track is designed analogously to the pattern explained above with regard to the plasma coating.
- the laser runs continuously during the spray coating, for example, but is only partially switched on, so that a desired pattern is obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00903632A EP1161571B1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-01-26 | Verfahren zum bearbeiten einer oberfläche eines bauteils |
DE50006820T DE50006820D1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-01-26 | Verfahren zum bearbeiten einer oberfläche eines bauteils |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19907102.0 | 1999-02-19 | ||
DE19907102 | 1999-02-19 | ||
DE19941564.1 | 1999-09-01 | ||
DE19941564A DE19941564A1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 1999-09-01 | Verfahren zum Bearbeiten einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000049195A1 true WO2000049195A1 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
Family
ID=26051948
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/000572 WO2000049195A1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-01-26 | Verfahren zum bearbeiten einer oberfläche eines bauteils |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1161571B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1192123C (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000049195A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2021176A2 (de) * | 2006-05-10 | 2009-02-11 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Schutzoberfläche für stahlkolben gegen thermische oxidation |
CN104419883A (zh) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 北京赛亿科技股份有限公司 | 一种内燃机铝活塞燃烧室面等离子束强化处理方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104031280A (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 滁州市宏源喷涂有限公司 | 一种塑料表面硬化的处理工艺 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4897283A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1990-01-30 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Process of producing aligned permanent magnets |
EP0489328A1 (de) * | 1990-12-03 | 1992-06-10 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Verfahren zum Aufsprühen einer Beschichtung auf eine Scheibe |
US5271967A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-12-21 | General Motors Corporation | Method and apparatus for application of thermal spray coatings to engine blocks |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD242638A1 (de) * | 1985-11-18 | 1987-02-04 | Ibr Fuer Entwickl Techn U Rat | Verfahren zur haftfestigkeitsverbesserung von metallspritzschichten |
-
2000
- 2000-01-26 EP EP00903632A patent/EP1161571B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2000-01-26 CN CNB008039178A patent/CN1192123C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-26 WO PCT/EP2000/000572 patent/WO2000049195A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4897283A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1990-01-30 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Process of producing aligned permanent magnets |
EP0489328A1 (de) * | 1990-12-03 | 1992-06-10 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Verfahren zum Aufsprühen einer Beschichtung auf eine Scheibe |
US5271967A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-12-21 | General Motors Corporation | Method and apparatus for application of thermal spray coatings to engine blocks |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2021176A2 (de) * | 2006-05-10 | 2009-02-11 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Schutzoberfläche für stahlkolben gegen thermische oxidation |
EP2021176A4 (de) * | 2006-05-10 | 2012-06-13 | Federal Mogul Corp | Schutzoberfläche für stahlkolben gegen thermische oxidation |
CN104419883A (zh) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 北京赛亿科技股份有限公司 | 一种内燃机铝活塞燃烧室面等离子束强化处理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1161571B1 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
EP1161571A1 (de) | 2001-12-12 |
CN1340111A (zh) | 2002-03-13 |
CN1192123C (zh) | 2005-03-09 |
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