WO2000027539A1 - Vanne de regulation de flux et procede de regulation de flux - Google Patents

Vanne de regulation de flux et procede de regulation de flux

Info

Publication number
WO2000027539A1
WO2000027539A1 PCT/GB1999/003708 GB9903708W WO0027539A1 WO 2000027539 A1 WO2000027539 A1 WO 2000027539A1 GB 9903708 W GB9903708 W GB 9903708W WO 0027539 A1 WO0027539 A1 WO 0027539A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liner
passageway
flow
control valve
flow control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/003708
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Andrew Williams
Robert Michael West
Justin Bond
Original Assignee
Process Tomography Foresight Technology Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Process Tomography Foresight Technology Limited filed Critical Process Tomography Foresight Technology Limited
Priority to AU10598/00A priority Critical patent/AU1059800A/en
Publication of WO2000027539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000027539A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C11/00—Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for, e.g. regulators, valves in inlet or overflow ducting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/16—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with variable-size outlets from the underflow ducting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K7/00—Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves
    • F16K7/02—Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves with tubular diaphragm
    • F16K7/04—Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves with tubular diaphragm constrictable by external radial force
    • F16K7/06—Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves with tubular diaphragm constrictable by external radial force by means of a screw-spindle, cam, or other mechanical means
    • F16K7/065—Cam clamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flow control valve and a method for monitoring and controlling flow through a passageway.
  • valves are available for controlling such flows but generally those valves operate in a manner which substantially alters the flow characteristics of the device as the valve is adjusted. This is not acceptable in some circumstances, for example the outlet orifice provided at the base of a cyclone separator.
  • the outlet orifice of a cyclone separator is in the form of a spigot of fixed internal diameter. It has not proved possible to adequately control the outlet cross section of cyclone separators and as a result it has not been possible to respond to fluctuations in the performance of the separator other than by controlling the supply of feed materials to the separator. This has severely restricted the options for automated control procedures in processes relying upon cyclone separators.
  • Cyclone separators which are used to process for example abrasive materials such as a particulate slurry in which particles are suspended in water must be robust and must not require extensive maintenance given the industrial environments in which they are used. This precludes the use of complex mechanisms or expensive components that are difficult to replace.
  • a flow control valve comprising a body which defines a passageway through which flow is to be controlled, a deformable liner extending inside an inwardly facing wall of the passageway and supported by the body such that a seal is formed to prevent flow between the liner and the inwardly facing wall of the passageway, and means for displacing the liner away from the inwardly facing wall of the passageway to control the internal cross section of the liner.
  • the invention also provides a method for controlling flow through a passageway, wherein the passageway is lined with a deformable liner, and the liner is deformed so as to displace the liner inwardly relative to the passageway and thereby to control the internal cross section of the liner.
  • the body is tubular and of uniform cross section along its length
  • the liner is tubular and in its free state is of uniform cross section along its length, the outer diameter of the liner in its free state being equal to or greater than the inner diameter of the body passageway.
  • the displacing means may comprise at least one control member which is displaceable from a retracted position in which it does not project from the inwardly facing wall of the passageway to an extended position in which it projects from the inwardly facing wall of the passageway and displaces the liner away from the passageway wall.
  • the said at least one control member is located within an aperture formed in the passageway wall and means may be provided for displacing the control member radially inwards through the aperture.
  • the displacing means may comprise a collar which extends around the body and is displaceable along the length of the body, the collar defining a tapering internal bore against which the said at least one control member bears such that the radial position of the control member is a function of the axial position of the collar.
  • the said at least one control member may be a ball.
  • means are provided for monitoring at least one parameter representative of flow through the passageway, and means are provided for controlling the displacement of the liner away from the passageway wall in dependence upon the said at least one monitored flow parameter.
  • means may be provided for monitoring at least one parameter representative of conditions upstream of the valve, the displacement of the liner away from the inwardly facing wall of the passageway being controlled in dependence upon the said at least one monitored upstream condition parameter.
  • the monitoring means may comprise a plurality of electrodes exposed to contact with material within the passageway, and means for monitoring the conductivity between the electrodes within the passageway.
  • Alternative monitoring means may be provided which can generate an output indicative of conditions within the passageway, for example impedance or capacitance sensors.
  • the passageway may be connected to the base of a cyclone separator, the liner being deformed to an extent related to at least one monitored parameter representing the functioning of the cyclone separator.
  • the liner In normal operation, the liner may be displaced away from the passageway wall. The liner cross section may then be increased in the event of a blockage being detected in the separator output. The displacement of the liner may also be controlled to compensate for liner wear.
  • Incorporating flow condition sensors in the valve itself, or upstream of the valve, for example in the bottom outlet (generally referred to as the apex) of a separator makes it possible to monitor and control system performance. Stand alone control of a single processing unit is possible, avoiding the need for the provision of signal wires to a central control station.
  • Sensors can be used to detect faults and/or to enable system performance optimisation. For example, pulses can be induced in the underflow from a separator, to assist in the removal of minor blockages or to apply a back-pressure to the separator.
  • On-line sensing electrodes may be incorporated conveniently in a clip-on separator apex of the type conventionally supplied by hydrocyclone manufacturers.
  • Such sensors even if used alone on a separator apex, that is used without a flow control valve, would make it possible to provide an alarm indication of a fault condition, e.g. roping or blockage or excessive wear, or to provide confirmation of normal operation, that is a spray outflow from the separator apex.
  • a fault condition e.g. roping or blockage or excessive wear
  • the invention also provides a system for monitoring the operation of a cyclone separator in which a flow of material is discharged through an outlet of the separator, comprising a plurality of electrodes arranged around the interior of the outlet, means for monitoring an electrical parameter of material between the electrodes, and means for indicating a fault condition if the monitored parameter is outside a predetermined range.
  • the electrodes may be exposed to electrical contact with material within the outlet, and the monitoring means may monitor electrical conductivity.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a cyclone separator to the base of which a flow control valve in accordance with the present invention has been fitted;
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the flow control valve incorporated in the separator of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a section through components incorporated in the flow control valve of Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 is a section through a separator output socket such as that shown in Figure 3 but incorporating six sensing electrodes;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of circuit incorporating the sensing electrodes of Figure 4.
  • a conventional hydrocyclone 1 has an outlet passage extending vertically downwards through an output socket 2. That socket receives a spigot 3 on which a collar 4 is slidably supported.
  • a lever 5 and a control motor 6 are supported on a flange 7 extending from the socket 2.
  • the lever 5 is pivotal about an axis 8 in response to rotation of a threaded rod 9 by the motor 6. Pivotal movement of the lever 5 causes axial movement of the collar 4.
  • FIG 3 this is a vertical section through the spigot shown in Figure 2.
  • the same reference numerals are used as in Figures 1 and 2 where appropriate.
  • the ridge 10 is engaged in a mating groove defined within the interior of the cyclone socket 2.
  • the cyclone socket 2 has a tapering inner surface 11 a continuation of which is formed by an inner surface 12 of a deformable liner 13 which is retained within the spigot 3 by a lip 14 extending around the downstream end of the spigot.
  • a seal is formed between the outer surface of the liner 13 and the spigot 3, either as a result of the tightness of fit of the liner inside the spigot 3, or as a result of the use of an adhesive to secure the upper end of the liner to the spigot.
  • Apertures 15 are defined in the spigot wall, each aperture receiving a ball bearing 16.
  • the inner surface of the collar 4 defines a tapering surface 17 which retains the balls 16 in the apertures 15. The radially inner sides of the balls bear against the deformable liner 13.
  • the ball bearings 16 may be of stainless steel and may be positioned so as to be equally spaced apart around the circumference of the spigot 3. There may be for example eight 6mm ball bearings arranged around a liner 13 having an internal diameter of 12mm.
  • the tapered collar 4 may be dimensioned so as to cause the ball bearings to project 3mm into the spigot 3 when the collar 4 is at its extreme downwards position.
  • the minimum internal diameter of the liner 13 could be reduced from 12mm to approximately 6mm.
  • the components of the illustrated valve will typically be manufactured from a UV stabilised plastics material or non-ferrous metal such as bronze, brass, aluminium or titanium.
  • the deformable liner 13 is the only part of the valve assembly which will be in contact with any process fluid passing through the valve and should be manufactured from a hard-wearing flexible material such as polyurethane or silicone rubber.
  • the motor 6 may be a suitably geared electric motor.
  • the threaded output shaft 9 engages with a suitable threaded nut which bears against the lever 5.
  • the valve may be operated under digital control from a PC requiring only switch commands to control the motor 6 which may be a conventional 12 volt DC motor.
  • Feedback relating to the spigot diameter may be conveniently obtained by using a potential divider connected to the lever 5, the potential divider being for example mounted on the pivot axis of the lever. It would of course be possible to use other mechanisms to drive the collar 4, for example a hydraulic/pneumatic arrangement or even a simple manually adjusted screw thread device.
  • a valve as described can be used in the outlet spigot of a hydrocyclone performing a classification process in for example a mineral grinding plant.
  • concentration of solids in the feed to the hydrocyclone increases, or the material coarsen slightly, it is possible for the hydrocyclone to go into a condition known as "roping" resulting in a sudden deterioration in the hydrocyclone performance.
  • solids leaving the spigot will result in a fan or spray flow whereas during "roping" solids leave the spigot as a dense rope-like flow.
  • the cut-size of the hydrocyclone can increase when roping occurs, often by a factor of up to two, and the spigot may even block with serious consequences for the overall processing operation.
  • Such a fault condition can be readily detected using appropriate process sensors and can be remedied by increasing the internal diameter of the lining 13. To enable such a response to adverse process conditions, it would be necessary to operate the device in normal conditions with the balls 16 projecting at least part way out of the openings 15. If operating in such a manner under normal conditions, it would be possible in the event of a blockage being detected to move the collar 4 to its maximum vertical position as shown in Figure 3, thereby increasing the internal diameter of the liner 13 and allowing the blockage to clear. A dilation of the liner 13 by as little as 1mm will generally be sufficient to clear a blockage.
  • Flow conditions within the valve assembly can be monitored by incorporating sensors within the spigot 3.
  • sensors within the spigot 3 For example a multiplicity of electrodes could be arranged inside the spigot 3 to enable the measurement of conductivity within the spigot so as to detect the onset of roping or blockage, which fault conditions substantially affect the electrical conductivity of the flow within the spigot.
  • the valve can also be controlled in an adaptive manner in response to changes in the feed materials or to changes in the classification performance that the valve operator may wish to impose. For example, if the product specification changes so that the maximum permissible size of particulate material to be classified changes, the spigot diameter can be changed so as to achieve the new product classification. It will be appreciated that the same approach can be adopted if the user is concerned with the product leaving the spigot at the base of the cyclone or the product leaving the cyclone in an overflow stream.
  • the illustrated valve can also be used to compensate for the effects of spigot wear.
  • cyclone outlet spigots of fixed dimensions over the normal life of a spigot its diameter may increase by as much as 10 percent over a period of say three months. If such wear occurs process performance will deteriorate gradually with time.
  • the illustrated valve can be used to self-correct for the effects of wear either automatically using an appropriate control system or by periodic manual adjustment.
  • the liner is displaced by radially displacing an array of ball bearings.
  • the upstream and downstream ends of the liner may be sealed to the spigot body to define an enclosed space between the outer surface of the liner and the spigot body. Liner displacement can then be achieved by admitting a fluid under pressure into the enclosed space.
  • the sensors may consist of electrodes (typically 16 or less in number), electrical charge being injected through at least one selected electrode and the resultant electrical potential being monitored through at least one other selected electrode.
  • the electrodes are typically metallic wires or plates, and may be located flush to the inner wall of the cyclone apex, that is flush with the surface 11 of Figure 3.
  • electrodes 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23 may be moulded into the hydrocyclone socket 2 during the manufacturing process (e.g. if the wall material in polyurethane or another plastics material).
  • Each of the electrodes is metallic and defines an exposed surface flush with the surface 11.
  • these apex sections are removable, thus allowing replacement of the apex and the electrodes.
  • the electrodes may be retro-fitted to a unit by replacing an existing apex with an apex incorporating sensing electrodes.
  • Each of the electrodes 18-23 is connected by a respective conductor to a conductance monitoring circuit 24 as shown in Figure 5.
  • the onset of blockage or roping within the socket 2 affects the size of the air core within the socket and this is sensed by interpreting conductivity measurements using a close-set Wenner array principle. Measurements of conductivity are made between adjacent pairs of electrodes, for example electrodes 18 and 19, and between spaced apart electrodes, for example electrodes 18 and 21.
  • a reliable indication of air core size can be obtained by examining the ratio of the conductivities obtained from the spaced apart electrode pairs compared to the conductivities obtained from the adjacent electrode pairs after correcting from the background conductivity of the feed fluid within the separator. Background conductivity could be monitored using another pair of electrodes (not shown) remote from the socket 2.
  • the resultant value is a representation of the air core size, and can be tracked using a running average. Alternatively other inherent features of the flow may be monitored using a frequency analysis of fluctuations of the value with time.
  • the monitoring circuit provides an output 25 representative of air core size which is use to control the motor 6 ( Figure 3), e.g. via a feedback network (not shown) which drives the motor 6 in a manner which stabilises the output 25.
  • a feedback network not shown
  • the electrodes 18-23 in the illustrated case are in the surface 11 upstream of the spigot 3, it will be appreciated that conductivity sensor electrodes could be provided within the spigot, for example on the inner surface of the liner 13.
  • the embedding of electrodes in or adjacent to the adjustable valve mechanism enables the sensors and the valve mechanism to be embodied in a single unit providing a simple and low cost measurement and control device.
  • the ability to measure the air core size and its dynamic fluctuations provides an enhanced and fast response process control.
  • the sensing system is effectively self-calibrating and can therefore provide useful measurements in a wide range of feed fluid conditions. If the sensing system is installed on a conventional non- adjustable spigot, information can be obtained to enable the audit of separator performance including spigot wear.
  • the signals obtained from the sensors 18-23 are used to recognise particular flow conditions, for example, the size of and fluctuations in the air core present in a hydrocyclone, and/or the radial conductivity profile.
  • the basis of this recognition might be through use of statistical analysis of raw voltage signals (for example using multivariate statistics or a neural net or related methods) or by reconstruction using model-based reconstruction methods to yield an image or to identify the air core position, size and the form of the conductivity profile within the slice being viewed. Model-based parametric fitting procedures can then be used to compare the reconstructed image with predetermined conditions, e.g. blockage etc.
  • signals obtained from the sensors 18- 23 in the separator apex may also be used to recognise the state of wear of the spigot and thus provide an alarm signal to the process operator in the event that the air core size is outside a predetermined range, e.g. falls below a predetermined threshold.
  • the present invention is intended to cover such stand-alone use of flow sensors in a separator, that is use without a variable flow control valve.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une vanne de régulation de flux utilisée, par exemple, dans le socle d'un cyclone. La vanne comprend un corps (3) qui délimite une conduite dans laquelle on veut réguler le flux. Cette conduite comporte un revêtement déformable (13) qui s'étend le long de la paroi tournée vers l'intérieur d'une conduite et repose sur le corps, de manière à ce que se forme un joint d'étanchéité qui empêche tout écoulement entre le revêtement et la paroi tournée vers l'intérieur de la conduite. On régule la section interne du revêtement en éloignant sélectivement ledit revêtement de la paroi tournée vers l'intérieur de la conduite. Le flux s'écoulant à travers la vanne peut être capté par des capteurs de conductivité ou autres intégrés à la vanne ou montés en amont de la vanne. On peut déformer le revêtement en réponse aux fluctuations dans le flux détecté.
PCT/GB1999/003708 1998-11-11 1999-11-10 Vanne de regulation de flux et procede de regulation de flux WO2000027539A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU10598/00A AU1059800A (en) 1998-11-11 1999-11-10 Flow control valve and method for controlling flow

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9824692.9 1998-11-11
GBGB9824692.9A GB9824692D0 (en) 1998-11-11 1998-11-11 Flow control

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000027539A1 true WO2000027539A1 (fr) 2000-05-18

Family

ID=10842239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1999/003708 WO2000027539A1 (fr) 1998-11-11 1999-11-10 Vanne de regulation de flux et procede de regulation de flux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1059800A (fr)
GB (1) GB9824692D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000027539A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1477641A1 (fr) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de separation du fluide a partit d'un flot de gas
US6892900B2 (en) 2000-07-11 2005-05-17 Arno Drechsel Valve
CN105546136A (zh) * 2016-02-03 2016-05-04 山东科技大学 一种压力调节结构及压力可调式混凝土湿喷机
CN108698053A (zh) * 2015-12-18 2018-10-23 美卓（瑞典）公司 水力旋流分离器
WO2020144394A1 (fr) 2019-01-11 2020-07-16 Outotec (Finland) Oy Hydrocyclone pour détecter la formation d'un état de boudin de filage
EP3411612B1 (fr) * 2016-02-01 2021-04-21 WRI Holdings Ltd. Soupape de régulation de débit

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3988239A (en) * 1974-08-19 1976-10-26 Picenco International, Inc. Cyclone and line
WO1983003063A1 (fr) * 1982-03-04 1983-09-15 Noel Carroll Separateur cyclone
US4444229A (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-04-24 Conoco Inc. Slurry concentration apparatus
EP0246110A1 (fr) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Laszlo Juhasz Valve de commande de l'écoulement d'un liquide à travers un tube
DE3702269A1 (de) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-04 Kupczik Guenter Hydraulischer zentrifugalabscheider, insbesondere als hydrozyklon
GB2279020A (en) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-21 Marral Chemicals Ltd Separator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3988239A (en) * 1974-08-19 1976-10-26 Picenco International, Inc. Cyclone and line
US4444229A (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-04-24 Conoco Inc. Slurry concentration apparatus
WO1983003063A1 (fr) * 1982-03-04 1983-09-15 Noel Carroll Separateur cyclone
EP0246110A1 (fr) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Laszlo Juhasz Valve de commande de l'écoulement d'un liquide à travers un tube
DE3702269A1 (de) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-04 Kupczik Guenter Hydraulischer zentrifugalabscheider, insbesondere als hydrozyklon
GB2279020A (en) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-21 Marral Chemicals Ltd Separator

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6892900B2 (en) 2000-07-11 2005-05-17 Arno Drechsel Valve
EP1477641A1 (fr) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de separation du fluide a partit d'un flot de gas
CN108698053A (zh) * 2015-12-18 2018-10-23 美卓（瑞典）公司 水力旋流分离器
US10751735B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2020-08-25 Metso Sweden Ab Hydrocyclone separator
AU2016374469B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2022-03-17 Metso Outotec Sweden Ab Hydrocyclone separator
EP3411612B1 (fr) * 2016-02-01 2021-04-21 WRI Holdings Ltd. Soupape de régulation de débit
CN105546136A (zh) * 2016-02-03 2016-05-04 山东科技大学 一种压力调节结构及压力可调式混凝土湿喷机
WO2020144394A1 (fr) 2019-01-11 2020-07-16 Outotec (Finland) Oy Hydrocyclone pour détecter la formation d'un état de boudin de filage
CN113557093A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2021-10-26 美卓奥图泰芬兰有限公司 用于检测柱状状态的形成的水力旋流器
EP3908406A4 (fr) * 2019-01-11 2022-08-24 Metso Outotec Finland Oy Hydrocyclone pour détecter la formation d'un état de boudin de filage
CN113557093B (zh) * 2019-01-11 2024-01-05 美卓奥图泰芬兰有限公司 用于检测柱状状态的形成的水力旋流器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9824692D0 (en) 1999-01-06
AU1059800A (en) 2000-05-29

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