WO2000022586A2 - Systemes de communication pour detection - Google Patents

Systemes de communication pour detection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000022586A2
WO2000022586A2 PCT/US1999/027902 US9927902W WO0022586A2 WO 2000022586 A2 WO2000022586 A2 WO 2000022586A2 US 9927902 W US9927902 W US 9927902W WO 0022586 A2 WO0022586 A2 WO 0022586A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
user
message
response
directional
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/027902
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2000022586A9 (fr
WO2000022586A3 (fr
Inventor
Raymond J. Menard
Curtis E. Quady
Original Assignee
Royal Thoughts L.L.C.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/219,737 external-priority patent/US6667688B1/en
Application filed by Royal Thoughts L.L.C. filed Critical Royal Thoughts L.L.C.
Priority to CA002362115A priority Critical patent/CA2362115A1/fr
Priority to AU27066/00A priority patent/AU2706600A/en
Priority to EP99968858A priority patent/EP1149368A4/fr
Priority to BR9913280-0A priority patent/BR9913280A/pt
Publication of WO2000022586A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000022586A2/fr
Publication of WO2000022586A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000022586A3/fr
Publication of WO2000022586A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000022586A9/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/001—Alarm cancelling procedures or alarm forwarding decisions, e.g. based on absence of alarm confirmation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/008—Alarm setting and unsetting, i.e. arming or disarming of the security system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to communication networks. More particularly, it pertains to transmitting detection signals using communication networks.
  • detection devices at a premise detect various conditions at the premise. These conditions may indicate fire, burglary, medical, environmental or other conditions that may exist.
  • the security system then transmits the information to a central response center (central station) that then coordinates the response activities of others back to the premise.
  • central station central station
  • most of the alarms transmitted are false, which results in the false dispatching of police, fire, and medical teams on a large scale. This creates numerous problems for public response agencies, endangers public safety, and increases costs to consumers and industry providers.
  • False alarms are such a wide scale problem that many police departments are considering a no-response policy to electronic security systems, and indeed, some police departments in major cities have already implemented such a policy. Other departments are charging for response and many cities have instituted fines for multiple false alarms. If this trend continues, security alarm systems will become more expensive (through the use of private guard response or large fines) which will reduce the number of buyers who can afford or are willing to pay the costs that might be associated with these security systems. This will significantly impact the industry in a negative way and would be unfortunate to the public because security systems do reduce risk of loss and add safety to the persons they protect—not to mention the many thieves that have been captured because of these systems.
  • the method used to transmit alarm signals to the central station is a modem system over a standard land-based telephone line.
  • a land-based telephone line may present an opportunity for a thief to easily tamper with the operation of the alarm in attempting to defeat a detection system and gain access to the premise.
  • a keypad In the security alarm industry, the user interacts with the alarm system through a device known as a keypad. This keypad is generally wired directly to the system, can be accessed over a phone line or is available in a short range wireless version. None of these designs allow the user to roam broadly and the only truly long range design - the telephone line connection - does not provide for messages to user that are initiated by the system, instead the user must independently call into the system to retrieve messages or interact with the system.
  • Another attempt at an emergency call system is a wired on-site security system with connection to an actuation device, such as a push button.
  • an actuation device such as a push button.
  • the device communicates the activation to the security system either via wire or short range radio-link, such as a premises based system, generally providing a range of 1000 feet or less.
  • the on-site security system passes the message to a central monitoring station or response agency, usually via a dial-up modem or dedicated radio transmitter.
  • the response agency generally consists of a staffed center that receives data, processes it on a computer and takes action based upon previously received instructions related to the conditions involved.
  • the system is expensive, requires professional installation, and requires separate and proper connection to a phone line or other means of transmission to assure operation at the time of an emergency.
  • Other disadvantages include: the system requires connection to a permanent power supply, even if it has battery backup; false alarms are difficult to prevent because the alarm is often silent so the user is unaware of accidental activation; and testing is difficult to manage and is labor intensive because it requires coordinating the response agency and the user and is not an automated process for the response agency.
  • One application of emergency call devices is for medically at risk or infirm persons.
  • the existing system designs fail to incorporate solutions to many problems relative to the application of medical monitoring, including but not limited to, daily communication with the user to verify that they are well and to verify that they are taking their medication. This process is currently being done in a labor intensive, personal telephone call method.
  • What is needed in the art is a personal communication system useful for, among other things, an emergency communication system and one that also solves the foregoing problems. It should be able to be self-installed to lower cost and increase availability. The system should be easy to use and incorporate features that allow for automatic testing, reduce false alarms, and manage one or more aspects of patient care.
  • a detection system actuates automatic systems such as fire suppression or equipment shutdown, but in order for a detection system to be effective it usually must summon help.
  • One approach for summoning help is to annunciate a local alarm that attracts attention.
  • Another is to use a recorded message that is called to a list of phone numbers.
  • Yet another is to use a professional central station monitoring service that receives data signals from the premise.
  • alarms, false alarms, and the indifference of neighbors increases, voluntary response to an alarm sound has virtually vanished.
  • local alarm annunciation is ineffective for garnering assistance. Indeed, the sound of an alarm has come to be perceived more as a nuisance and annoyance than a cause for attention.
  • some tabletop models require a special phone jack (RJ-31X) installed at the correct location (before any premise equipment is connected to the line) to assure the availability of the phone line. This may require installation by a telephone company or other professional.
  • RJ-31X phone jack
  • services on the user's line can interfere with successful alarm transmission, with touch tone service, call waiting, and in the future, Digital Subscriber Line services will make the connection even more complex.
  • a related problem is found in the user's interface with the detection system.
  • the user interacts with the detection system through a device generally known as a keypad.
  • the current keypad designs do not allow the user to roam broadly and one long-range design - the telephone line connection - does not provide for messages to user that are initiated by the system, instead the user independently calls into the system to retrieve messages or interact with the system.
  • some alarm systems in use today can initiate a page to a person's pager, this still does not allow the user to exercise command and control functions in return.
  • There is no single device that allows long-range, bi-directional communication and control of an alarm system. What is needed in the art is an improved detection system that is friendly to a mobile user, that is easy to install, that is truly portable, and that is inexpensive, without the high costs associated with professional design, expert installation, and monitoring services.
  • the present system provides notification to users of a security system of a detected alarm condition.
  • this notification is performed simultaneously or nearly simultaneously with the central station.
  • the notification is performed using a wide scale wireless system so that the users can be notified regardless of their current location.
  • the user is signaled using a wireless system, so if the user is leaving the premise, and perhaps at a significant distance, the user will still be notified.
  • the system connects the users of the security system directly to the central station system so that the alarm can be immediately verified or canceled with the central station.
  • the connection is wireless
  • the user or users may be in any location within the range of the wireless network. If the central station receives a cancellation of the alarm they can avoid dispatching the emergency agency or perhaps recall them if the dispatch has occurred.
  • the system provides a dynamic response process that is adjusted in real time or nearly instantaneously by the users of the system. That is to say, more than half of all false alarms may be canceled and more than half of all false dispatches can probably be avoided.
  • the system provides nearly simultaneous and wireless connection of electromechanical data from a security or other detection system, remote human intervention (usually the users of the detection system), and the response centers to provide direction to a response effort.
  • remote human intervention usually the users of the detection system
  • the response centers to provide direction to a response effort.
  • the users of the detection system participate in directing the response effort indicated by various alarms from a security or other detection system.
  • one embodiment of the system incorporates Narrowband PCS systems, otherwise known as 2-Way paging.
  • Other embodiments include, but are not limited to, PCS, cellular, cellemetry and other broad scale wireless networks. Other embodiments incorporate combinations of these networks.
  • One illustrative embodiment includes an exemplary system that comprises an alarm panel to provide an alarm signal.
  • the system also comprises at least one look-up table (first look-up table) to encode the alarm signal as one of a plurality of event types into a message.
  • the message includes a code for each event type and a destination string.
  • the exemplary system further comprises a network to pass the message of the first look-up table.
  • the system also comprises a second look-up table to decode the destination string of the message to determine a decoded destination of the message.
  • the network passes the message to the decoded destination of the message.
  • the exemplary system further comprises a central station to receive the message from the network.
  • the system further comprises a third lookup table to decode the code of the first look-up table.
  • the third look-up table produces a security code from the code of the first look-up table.
  • an exemplary method comprises reading an alarm bus by a transmitter for at least one alarm signal.
  • the method further comprises encoding the alarm signal into a message by looking up at least one table that is stored on the transmitter.
  • the act of encoding includes encoding the alarm signal into a code representing one of the plurality of event types into the message.
  • the act of encoding includes encoding a destination string into the message.
  • the method further comprises decoding the destination string to determine the destination of the message.
  • the method further comprises decoding the code representing one of the plurality of event types into a security code.
  • an exemplary data structure in another illustrative embodiment, includes an event identifier to identify an occurrence of an alarm event, and an event descriptor to describe the alarm event in at least one detail.
  • An illustrative embodiment includes a system that comprises a detection system to provide an alarm signal when the detection system detects at least one alarm event at a location of interest.
  • the alarm signal is encoded into a message.
  • the system further comprises a bi-directional device to provide a control signal to control the detection system.
  • the control signal is encoded into a second message.
  • the bi-directional pager is receptive to the first message from the detection system.
  • An illustrative method comprises detecting an alarm event, encoding the alarm event into a message.
  • the act of encoding further encodes a destination string into the message.
  • the method further comprises transmitting the message to a network, and decoding the message so as to alert the first bi-directional device that the alarm event has been detected.
  • the personal communication system described in this application addresses the foregoing problems and others not expressly stated in this detailed description.
  • a personal communication system including a two way pager or other two-way, long-range, communication device is used in conjunction with a response agency to coordinate a request by a user for assistance.
  • the system is used for patients to report an emergency and to coordinate assistance efforts by the response agency.
  • the system uses existing communication systems and communications protocols adapted to communicate requests and information to the response agency.
  • the system uses modified two way pagers adapted for easy activation in the event of an emergency situation.
  • the two way pagers are adapted for providing information to coordinate rescue or emergency aid dispatch.
  • the emergency help button(s) on the device when the emergency help button(s) on the device is pushed, the device transmits a call for help to a responding agency.
  • the responding agency coordinates assistance to a predetermined location, like a person's home or place of business.
  • the response agency receives a geoposition and coordinates help to that location.
  • the device has messages transmitted to it notifying the user of various "conditions." Such conditions may include information about circumstances, events, and/or situations for assisting the user.
  • the user is able to acknowledge and respond accordingly to these messages. For example, these messages can indicate conditions such as "test”, "medication reminder” or "is everything OK?" .
  • These messages can be automatically generated by the messaging automation system and the acknowledgments automatically processed or they can be manually generated and processed.
  • the detection system provides, among other things, a personal control panel and a portable detection unit which may be used independently or with a bi- directional communications network for short range and long range control panel and alarm monitoring and control functions.
  • a personal control panel and a portable detection unit which may be used independently or with a bi- directional communications network for short range and long range control panel and alarm monitoring and control functions.
  • Several variations are provided including cellular, paging, satellite, narrowband PCS, narrowband trunked radio, and other communications systems with conventional and nonconventional protocols.
  • the present detection system provides, among other things, the replacement of any or all of the user interface, transmission system, and control panel as listed above, through the use of a long-range, two-way, wireless communication device such as a two-way pager.
  • a person who owns a two-way pager or related device may, for a much lower cost than is customary, own a detection system by incorporating only an additional paging/detection device as described herein.
  • This embodiment of the system has the advantages, including, but not limited to, simple installation, reliable and secure built- in signal transmission, long range wireless user interface and long range system status annunciation.
  • many detection systems communicate with a central station that manages the response function.
  • this embodiment of the present system offers yet another advantage by communicating direct to the system owner who may then select the desired response.
  • the direct communications are optional so that the owner may select the central station approach or the direct approach without the services of a central station.
  • the present system provides, among other things, instant and affordable protection for a wide variety of applications such as construction sites, vehicles, motel rooms, apartments, and small residential and commercial properties.
  • the system incorporates low power components to provide the additional advantage of being able to operate solely on battery power for extended periods of time and not just as an emergency /temporary backup.
  • the present system offers advantages over a standard detection system which include, but are not limited to: low cost; easy, instantaneous installation by an ordinary consumer; reliable communications without connection to or interruption of the site telephone lines; long range control by the user; long range communication of alarm conditions and other signals to a user; long range wireless communication to a central station included instead of as an option; no requirement for connecting to a central station with its attendant monthly costs, if the user desires to monitor their system themselves; and, no need for a permanent power supply.
  • the system and its various embodiments offers a portable detection system that can provide protection for a variety of applications including, but not limited to, homes and businesses, and to applications without power or phone lines like vehicles and construction sites.
  • Figure 1 depicts the communication paths between the security system, the system user(s), and the central station according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 2 depicts the encoding and decoding of burst messages on a NPCS network, according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 3 depicts the transmission of the verification information from the user to the central station according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 4 is a table that depicts an encoding process according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating a system in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 6 is a process diagram illustrating a method in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 7 is a structure diagram illustrating a data structure in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 8 is a table illustrating a destination string in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 9 is a process diagram illustrating a method in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a process diagram illustrating a method in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 11 is a structure diagram illustrating a data structure in accordance with one embodiment.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram showing signal transmission of an emergency call signal sent by the user, according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 13 is a block diagram depicting operation of the emergency call process, according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 14 is a block diagram depicting automated testing of the device to verify its operation, according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 15 is a block diagram depicting a means of enhancing the service for medical customers relative to reminders to take their medication, perform other service, verify conditions, and checks on their wellness, according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 16 is a diagram showing an application of the present communication system in an "Assisted Living Response Center.”
  • Figure 17 is a diagram demonstrating operation of a personal control panel and portable detection unit according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 18 is a block diagram of a portable detector unit according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 19 A is a block diagram of a communications module according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 19B is a block diagram of a communications module according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 19C is a block diagram of a communications module according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 20 is a block diagram of a personal control panel according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 21 is a diagram showing various communication modes of different components of one detection system according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 22 is a diagram showing a user controlling their detection system from a distance, according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • Figure 23 is a block diagram showing the components of a basic security system, according to one embodiment of the present system. Detailed Description This detailed description provides a number of different embodiments of the present system. The embodiments provided herein are not intended in an exclusive or limited sense, and variations may exist in organization, dimension, hardware, software, mechanical design and configuration without departing from the claimed invention, the scope of which is provided by the attached claims and equivalents thereof.
  • the present detection system provides many benefits, including, but not limited to, reduction of false alarms and false dispatches.
  • the present detection system provides a user with the ability to cancel false alarms quickly and is straightforward to use. Many other benefits will be appreciated by those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the present description.
  • U.S. provisional patent application ser. no. 60/098,270 filed August 28, 1998 is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the present system provides notification to users of a security system of a detected alarm condition. In one embodiment, this notification is performed simultaneously or nearly simultaneously with the central station. In one embodiment, the notification is performed using a wide scale wireless system so that the users can be notified regardless of their current location.
  • the user is signaled using a wireless system, so if the user is leaving the premise, and perhaps at a significant distance, the user will still be notified.
  • the system connects the users of the security system directly to the central station system so that the alarm can be immediately verified or canceled with the central station.
  • the connection is wireless
  • the user or users may be in any location within the range of the wireless network. If the central station receives a cancellation of the alarm they can avoid dispatching the emergency agency or perhaps recall them if the dispatch has occurred.
  • the system provides a dynamic response process that is adjusted in real time or nearly instantaneously by the users of the system. That is to say, more than half of all false alarms may be canceled and more than half of all false dispatches can probably be avoided.
  • the system provides nearly simultaneous and wireless connection of electromechanical data from a security or other detection system, remote human intervention (usually the users of the detection system), and the response centers to provide direction to a response effort.
  • remote human intervention usually the users of the detection system
  • the response centers to provide direction to a response effort.
  • the users of the detection system participate in directing the response effort indicated by various alarms from a security or other detection system.
  • one embodiment of the system incorporates Narrowband PCS systems, otherwise known as 2-Way paging.
  • Other embodiments include, but are not limited to, PCS, cellular, cellemetry and other broad scale wireless networks. Other embodiments incorporate combinations of these networks.
  • Capcodes In one embodiment using NPCS (Narrowband PCS) as the wireless transmission method, pager capcodes identify the individual user and the detection system that is transmitting the message. Capcodes are the addresses used to identify individual addresses - there is a unique capcode for each pager or common pager address, and common addressing - pagers can hold more than one capcode for broadcast messaging. For example, capcode 978654903 may uniquely indicate Joe Smith's pager while another capcode may also reside on Joe Smith's pager for broadcast receipt of the news or weather. In one embodiment one or more capcodes may be used to uniquely identify one or more central stations. Communication Paths: Figure 1 shows one embodiment of the present detection system in which an alarm system 10 provides a signal to a central station 20.
  • the users 30 are notified of the alarm condition via a wireless means in order to provide the highest assurance of contact. Otherwise by using a standard land line telephone, it may not be possible to find the user.
  • This wireless system is depicted as Path A in Figure 1.
  • the central station 20 receives its verification information back from the user 30 having personal communication device 40 via wireless so that notification comes rapidly from wherever the user is located, otherwise the dispatch process will continue without an opportunity for intervention from the users 30.
  • Path C in Figure 1.
  • a method of transmitting Path B is by a wireless technology matching Path A. This allows for the messaging to arrive at similar times at both the remote users 30 and the central station 20.
  • the dispatch process has a good chance of starting in a synchronized fashion for both the central station 20 and the users 30. This will lead to a better coordinated effort.
  • the personal communication device 40 is a two-way pager. In one embodiment, the personal communication device 40 is a cellular phone. Other personal communication devices 40 may be used without departing from the present system.
  • Rapid Data Transmission It is important that the data is received rapidly both to enhance protection and to help to provide rapid verification in order to cancel alarms.
  • the transmission of data in this embodiment is done in a rapid burst method.
  • One reason for this is as follows: As available in NPCS transmissions, for example with FLEX 25, REFLEX 25, or REFLEX 50 (communications protocols by MOTOROLA CORPORATION) - one of the protocols currently available for NPCS services - there is a short message availability (11 bit) that allows for very rapid transmission. In cellular there is a technology called cellemetry that accomplishes a similar function. This short and rapid messaging is a feature of many large scale wireless networks. The short message is typically available to be sent immediately and rapidly.
  • FLEX 25 longer messages require time to set up transmission frames. By using a short form transmission, as much as 20 seconds or more may be saved in the transmission time requirement. This delay is of serious consequence because in at least one application - the security industry - life and property may be in peril. In addition, delays make it difficult to coordinate the rapidly proceeding dispatch between the central station 20 and the users 30.
  • the short message has constraints of its own: it is a short message. Therefore, in one embodiment using FLEX 25, the message is encoded.
  • a short predetermined digitally encoded message is transmitted from the alarm system 10 to the central station 20 and to the personal communication device 40 carried by remote users 30.
  • a look up table is employed to decode the message. Additionally, in one embodiment, a look up table is employed by the remote user device 40 to decode the message.
  • Message Decoding in the Network Usually transmission networks are designed to receive a message and transport it to a destination. The network doesn't "read” the message or “act” on it except to read an address and send it to the destination. However, as networks become imbued with enhanced computing capability, they can read more of the message and process far beyond mere transport.
  • the look up table can reside in the network and the message can be decoded by the network before it is delivered to any destination. This is a good way for delivering a message to the users 30.
  • the encoded short form message is decoded in the network and a user 30 is delivered an English (or other language) language message according to the interpretation or look up table.
  • an encoded short form message that looks like "00101000111” can be decoded in the network and read out, for example, "Burglary Area 4" on a device 40, such as a pager.
  • the same numeric message can be decoded after receipt in a more sophisticated user device 40 or after receipt at the central station 20.
  • Communication with the User uses a single two way wireless device 40 carried by the users 30 instead of one device to receive the message and another to transmit the verification information to the central station 20. This saves cost and simplifies design. However, two separate devices 40 could be used.
  • the notification of the remote users 30 can be accomplished simultaneously with the central station 20 or instantly relayed by the central station 20 or any other relay point. Either process has an identical effect of creating nearly simultaneous notification of an alarm condition to the users 30 and the central station 20.
  • Information relative to verification, dispatch cancellation or other instructions, sent from the users to the central station 20 can be received as data that is automatically integrated into the automation system at the central station 20.
  • the information must be integrated in the central station automation system as related information from discrete sources.
  • Existing methods used for integrating multiple security systems reporting from a single premise can be used to integrate these multiple sources of information. These methods vary between various automation systems, but the effective result is the same and can be used to a new benefit.
  • the transmission of data can be done in a rapid burst method. In this process, a short predetermined digitally encoded message is transmitted to the central station 20 from the user device 40.
  • a look up table is employed to decode the message.
  • the look up table can reside in the network and the message can be decoded by the network before it is delivered to any destination.
  • the central station 20 can receive instructions not to dispatch an emergency agency or other instructions regarding a pending or processing dispatch.
  • NPCS is the selected wireless transmission method
  • a standard two way pager using "response paging" can be used as the response device 40 carried by the user
  • a response message can either be presaved on the two way pager or can be transmitted to the pager. Since time is important, a presaved response message is a fast solution since it does not require any additional transmission time.
  • Encoding In one embodiment, encoding is a straightforward process. The following encoding example is offered for the use with NPCS FLEX 25 or REFLEX 25 two way pager wireless services.
  • the detection system generates codes, data, or other type of input 210.
  • a look up table in the detection system or transmission device selects destination codes and encodes short messages 220.
  • the encoded short message is burst into the network 230.
  • the network decodes destination codes with look up table and passes messages 240. If the destination code is a user code, then the message is transmitted via a long range wireless network 250. The message is decoded by the network for display on a pager or decoded in the user device 260. If the destination code indicates a central station, then the message is transmitted via long range wireless network 270 and the encoded message is received and decoded at the central station 280.
  • a presaved message is selected or entered using verification information 310 and optionally it is converted to an encoded burst transmission 320.
  • the information is transmitted via a long range wireless network 330 and decoded at the central station destination 340.
  • NPCS narrow-band personal communication system
  • the embodiments herein describe the use of narrow-band personal communication system (NPCS) for the transmission of alarm signals.
  • NPCS is a technology used for pagers, especially for two-way pagers.
  • the described embodiments are compatible with both FLEX and ReFLEX protocols.
  • the described embodiments use technologies that are cost effective - both hardware and transmission services - when compared with other large wireless networks.
  • the described embodiments use interpretation tables to emulate standard industry formats for delivery of message to Central Station automation system.
  • Detection systems may continue to send long alarm messages via land-based modems.
  • Wireless systems have been added to create an inexpensive redundancy in order to ensure that critical alarm messages get to the intended destination should land-based modems fail. Simplicity is important in these wireless systems.
  • a message using numeric codes or textual language to send a message such as "Memorial Hospital, Fire, smoke detection device, device #39, north wing, fourth floor” might be shortened to a message using three numeric codes meaning "Memorial Hospital, Fire, area 4".
  • a long wireless message would still allow the dispatching of a fire team.
  • a detailed land-based message were lost, a shortened wireless message would still alert the fire team.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a system in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the system 500 includes a detection system 502.
  • the detection system 502 includes an alarm panel 508.
  • the alarm panel 508 generates an alarm signal when the detection system 502 detects an alarm event.
  • the detection system 502 includes a transmitter 510.
  • the transmitter 510 is compatible with either FLEX or ReFLEX protocol.
  • the transmitter 510 receives from the alarm panel 108 the alarm signal.
  • the transmitter 510 encodes the alarm signal into a message by using at least one look-up table 512.
  • This translation of alarm signals within the detection 502 creates a universal interface for various alarm systems.
  • the look-up table 512 encodes the alarm signal into a code.
  • the code is one among a group of event types that can be encoded. Each event type signifies an alarm event, such as a fire or a burglary.
  • the look-up table 512 also can optionally encode a destination string into the message.
  • the destination string includes a primary destination and a secondary destination, or additional destinations.
  • the primary destination is the destination of choice for the message to be sent to. If the message cannot be sent to the primary destination, then the message will be sent to the secondary destination, or to the additional destinations.
  • the destination string can be used to store other information instead of or in addition to destination information.
  • the transmitter 510 sends the message to a network 504.
  • the network 504 is compatible with either FLEX or ReFLEX protocol.
  • the network 504 decodes the message to obtain a destination address to send the rest of the message. To decode the message, the network 504 uses a look-up table 514.
  • the look-up table 514 decodes just the destination portion of the message to obtain the destination to send the rest of the message.
  • the network 504 sends the message to a central station 506.
  • the central station 506 includes a personal computer 518.
  • the personal computer 518 receives the message and decodes it.
  • the personal computer 518 may use a look-up table 520 to decode the message.
  • the look-up table 520 decodes the message and formats it into a security code.
  • security code is compatible with industry standards, such as SIA, Ademco Contact ID, 4+2, etc.
  • FIG. 6 is a process diagram illustrating a method in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the process 600 begins at block 602 by reading an alarm bus to detect at least one alarm signal.
  • a transmitter reads the alarm bus.
  • block 604 encodes the alarm signal into a message by using a look-up table.
  • the transmitter stores the look-up table.
  • the message includes a code to determine an alarm event type from among a set of event types.
  • the message also can optionally include a destination string so that a network may decode such destination string and determine where to send the message. If there are multiple alarm signals on the bus, block 606 classifies among the multiple alarm signals and prioritizes them. The higher priority alarm signal will get encoded first.
  • the network may decode the message at block 608.
  • the network may decode just the destination portion of the message to determine where to send the message.
  • the network sends the message to that central station.
  • the central station may decode the message again to obtain the security code. These decoding activities are accomplished through using at least one look-up table. Once the central station has decoded the security code, it passes the code to an automation system.
  • FIG. 7 is a structure diagram illustrating a data structure in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the data structure 700 contains a message to be wirelessly transmitted using a narrow-band personal communication system.
  • the data structure 700 can be formatted to be compatible with either FLEX or ReFLEX protocol.
  • the data structure 700 includes a location identifier 702.
  • the location identifier 702 identifies a location of interest that includes a premise such as a hospital or a residence.
  • the location of interest is understood to mean the inclusion of the address of the premise where the alarm event has occurred.
  • the event identifier 704 identifies the alarm event that gives rise to the alarm.
  • the event descriptor 706 describes the alarm event in detail, such as the location on the premise where the fire is located.
  • the destination string 708 identifies the destination of the central station that is to receive the message.
  • the destination string 708 may contain at least one alternate central station if the message cannot be sent to the intended central station.
  • the destination string 308 and the location identifier 702 may be optionally included.
  • the contents of the destination string 308 and the location identifier 702 may be transmitted separately, in one embodiment.
  • the contents of the destination string 708 and the location identifier 702 may be transmitted using existing transmission means of the FLEX or ReFLEX protocol.
  • the destination string 708 and the location identifier 702 can be used to send other information that is predetermined by the user or customer of the detection system.
  • Figure 8 is a table illustrating a destination string in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the table 800 discusses the possible configuration of the 11 bit Flex 25 destination format that can be used in the various embodiments described heretofore.
  • Table 800 illustrates the Destination Code. The message needs to have a destination so that the network knows where to pass it.
  • One encoding example is the use of NPCS Flex 25 two-way pager wireless services. In Flex 25 an 11 bit string (an 11 bit string is eleven zeros or ones) is available for a burst transmission. This message is then split into registry sections for the purpose of sending a message. Table 800 also illustrates Back up and
  • a string may look like "001/0111/0101."
  • the slashes indicate breaks in the register of the look up table and are not transmitted.
  • This string can be interpreted to mean the following: send the message to Central Station A and send another message to Central Station B if Central Station A is not receiving.
  • the register size, order, and meaning of the 11 bit string can be changed to meet the needs of individual network designs. However, the purpose and use remains unchanged. Similar encoding registers can be used in any wireless transmission short bursting format. An alarm message should contain premise or customer identification.
  • NPCS Nearband PCS
  • pager capcodes are the addresses used to identify individual addresses - there is a unique capcode for each pager or common pager address, and common addressing - pagers can hold more than one capcode for broadcast messaging
  • capcode 978654903 may uniquely indicate Joe Smith's pager while another capcode may also reside on Joe Smith's pager for broadcast receipt of the news or weather.
  • the capcode is passed by the NPCS network and becomes a serial number or account number that acts as the premise or customer identification.
  • the message should also contain the type of signal and signal information.
  • the alarm data is available to be read on the processing bus of the alarm panel.
  • Most alarm panel manufacturers have an output port or could easily provide one. This could be an asynchronous port or an RS232 port or some other standard computer protocol port.
  • the NPCS transmission device could apply the use of a matching input port or an adapter between ports.
  • simple voltage triggers could be provided by alarm manufacturers to indicate conditions such as "fire” and "burglary".
  • the NPCS transmitter may be able to read the activity of the alarm panel bus. When it detects various signal transmission types it may read them and translate them according to a look up table stored in the transmitter.
  • the lookup table will be developed specifically for each alarm manufacturer. If multiple messages are read, the look up table establishes priority of messaging according to the order arrangement of the table.
  • This translation will take potentially long and complex messages and translate them in a common type of signal and signal information code. This creates a common "language” so that all of the various codes indicating "fire” on various manufacturers' systems are translated in a universal code for "fire” on the NPCS transmission network. This makes the use of a simple interface device possible at the central station, because the central station does not have to interpret messages from a large number of sources - only one message type is sent and received.
  • the message is received at the central station through an interface to the NPCS network. This could be a wireless transceiver, a frame connection, standard modem, internet connection or other connection suitable to the data stream volume.
  • the message is received at the central station into a standard personal computer for preliminary processing.
  • the central station's look up table is employed to decode the message (The effect is that an encoded message that looks like "0010100" can be decoded and read out "Burglary Area 4" at the central station.)
  • the message is decoded, it is translated into standard security industry formats such as SIA, Ademco Contact ID, 4+2 or other formats. This allows for an easy acceptance into the central station system through a standard device.
  • the message is passed from the personal computer into the automation system of the central station.
  • FIG. 9 is a process diagram illustrating a method in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the process 900 illustrates signal transmission of a detection signal from a detection system to a central station.
  • the invention described in the various embodiments has many benefits. It is based on low cost wireless technology. It can be easily and inexpensively connected to a detection system. It can be easily and inexpensively connected to a central station.
  • the interface to connect the described invention is not complicated and can be developed by manufacturers of detection systems. Because of its economy and ease of use, it is likely that the invention will enjoy broad adoption by the marketplace.
  • FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing a method in accordance with one embodiment. The process 1000 shows the signal transmission from the detection system to a remote user device.
  • the arrangement may include the following features: (1) the use of NPCS (two way paging) for communicating the control messages of a security system; (2) the use of a standard two way response pager as a user interface with a security system; (3) the use of any other adapted or custom made device that uses one or both of the previous two technologies; (4) this provides long range totally wireless solution.
  • NPCS two way paging
  • There are combination arrangements such as cell phone to telephone line; (5) also unique in a security application for remote user interface is a long range solution of any type where the control system can contact the user interface.
  • pager capcodes are the addresses used to identify individual addresses - there is a unique capcode for each pager or common pager address, and common addressing - pagers can hold more than one capcode for broadcast messaging
  • capcode 978654903 may uniquely indicate Joe Smith's pager while another capcode may also reside on Joe Smith's pager for broadcast receipt of the news or weather.
  • the transmission of data may be done in a rapid burst method (as available in NPCS transmissions, for example with FLEX 25 services there is a short message availability (11 bit) that allows for very rapid transmission.
  • FLEX 25 In cellular, there is a technology called cellmetry that accomplishes a similar function.
  • This short and rapid messaging is a feature of most large scale wireless networks.
  • the short message is typically available to be sent immediately and rapidly. For example, in FLEX 25, longer messages require time to set up transmission frames.
  • By using a short burst transmission as much as 20 seconds or more may be saved in the transmission time requirement. This delay is of serious consequence because in the security industry, life and property may be in peril.
  • the short message has constraints of its own: it is a short message. Therefore, the message must be encoded. This solution is presented later.) In this process, a short predetermined digitally encoded message is transmitted from the alarm system to the device carried by remote users.
  • a look up table can be employed by the remote user device to decode the message.
  • the look up table can reside in the network and the message can be decoded by the network before it is delivered to any destination. This is a good way for delivering a message to the users.
  • the encoded burst message is decoded in the network and a user is delivered an English (or other language) language message according to the interpretation or look up table. (See register information regarding messaging #4 below for more information. However, the effect is that an encoded burst message that looks like "00101000111" can be decoded in the network and read out "Burglary Area 4" on a pager. The same numeric message can be decoded after receipt in a more sophisticated user device or after receipt at the central station.)
  • the process discussed above can be used to send messages from the remote user device to the security system.
  • NPCS is the selected wireless transmission method
  • a standard two way pager using response paging can be used as the remote user device carried by the user to provide interactive instructions to the security system.
  • a response message can either be presaved on the two way pager or can be transmitted to the pager. Since time is important, a presaved response message is the best solution since it does not require any additional transmission time.
  • the register size, order, and meaning can be changed to meet the needs of individual network designs. However, the purpose and use remains unchanged. Similar encoding registers can be used in any wireless transmission short bursting format.
  • a two way, long range wireless communication device is used as an emergency notification device.
  • the two-way, long range wireless communication device is a two-way pager.
  • a standard two-way pager is used.
  • the two-way pager may be adapted for specialized use as an emergency notification device.
  • the pager may be adapted for easy to activate buttons that are protected against accidental activation.
  • the pager uses large buttons which are clearly marked and which are recessed to avoid accidental activation.
  • Other types of adaptation include, for example, programming special features into the two way, long range wireless communication device. In some embodiments only programming adaptation is performed.
  • buttons such as an emergency help button
  • activation is accomplished in several ways, including, but not limited to, pressing one or more buttons on the device.
  • a standard two way pager is used wherein its programming is adapted to interpret that pressing a certain pair of buttons simultaneously initiates a call for help.
  • the call for help is a special form of a message to be sent by the pager.
  • the communication device such as a pager or electronics with pager technology, is placed in a special enclosure with physical connections to the help function buttons .
  • the device when the special function button(s) is pushed, the device transmits a call for help to a responding agency.
  • pager capcodes identify the individual sender.
  • Capcodes are the addresses used to identify individual addresses - there is a unique capcode for each pager.
  • Pagers can hold more than one capcode.
  • Shared capcodes are used for broadcast messaging for applications like sending the news or for group messaging as to a group of service personnel. For example, capcode 978654903 may uniquely indicate Joe Smith's pager while another capcode may also reside on Joe Smith's pager for broadcast receipt of the sports or weather.
  • the pager's program is set up to automatically send a digital message to a predetermined destination when the emergency call buttons have been activated.
  • this would be a matter of loading a predetermined message either in the pager (in one embodiment this could be a "response message" in the case of two-way response enabled pagers and service) or in the network.
  • a message containing its sending address (capcode) and a simple emergency code would be forwarded to the response agency.
  • the responding agency Upon receiving the call for help, the responding agency coordinates assistance to a predetermined location related to the sender's capcode, like a person's home or place of business.
  • the device or the attached network determines a geoposition, transmits the current location with the call for help and then the response agency coordinates help to that location, whether it is a fixed or moving position.
  • the device has messages transmitted to it notifying the user of various conditions.
  • the user acknowledges and responds accordingly to these messages.
  • These messages can indicate conditions such as "test”, "medication reminder” or "is everything OK?".
  • these messages are automatically generated by the messaging automation system at the response agency and the acknowledgments automatically processed as well.
  • responses that indicate a potential problem or the lack of responses are presented for action by the agency.
  • Narrowband PCS systems otherwise known as two-way paging.
  • Other embodiments include, but are not limited to, PCS, cellular, cellemetry, and other broad scale wireless networks.
  • Figure 12 shows one embodiment of the present communication system.
  • Users 12125 have a two-way communication device 12100 for communication with the response agency 12150.
  • communications are bi-directional.
  • users 12125 can send an emergency notification or other communication 12140 to response agency 12150.
  • Response agency 12150 can respond to the user with an acknowledgement or an instruction or query 12160.
  • Figure 12 shows User A 12125a communicating with the response agency 150, however, it is understood that all of the users may be in communication with the response agency 12150.
  • response agency 12150 is a central station which is equipped to handle various emergency notifications from the users 12125.
  • One advantage of this type of system is that the user is aware that their request for help has been heard once they receive the acknowledgment.
  • acknowledgments can be in different forms to provide the user the acknowledgment with an annunciator that is not readily observable by another person.
  • the acknowledgement from the response agency may be a digital signal which is converted into a command for the two way communication device to vibrate, thus informing the user that the emergency notification was received, but not informing the intruder.
  • the vibration may be accomplished using any vibrating means, including, but not limited to, vibrating systems known to those in the art.
  • One skilled in the art will understand that several types of acknowledgments may be performed without departing from the present system.
  • a small light may be used.
  • the light may change color or blinking frequency to denote different signals from the response agency 12150.
  • sounds may be used.
  • a digital display provides a message for the user to observe.
  • User A 12125a may respond with a query response 12140.
  • a query response 12140 For example, an alphanumeric response may be generated by the user.
  • a coded response may be used.
  • a time dependent response may be used, for example, the user 12125 could be asked a series of different questions which require responses within a particular time interval, such as: "If you are experiencing difficulty in breathing, press your notification button now.”
  • the two way communication device is a two way pager.
  • the two way pager serves as a long range communication device, since it uses the pre-existing communications infrastructure set up for the two way pager, the paging communication network.
  • this embodiment is not a premises based embodiment and may operate where ever the paging communication network allows communications with the two way pager.
  • an existing two-way pager may be adapted to provide an easy to use interface for signaling to the response agency.
  • a specialized device using the two-way paging technology may be implemented. As stated earlier, various changes in structure or programming of the devices may be performed without departing from the present system.
  • a cellular telephone may be used to signal the emergency notification or other communication.
  • the cellular telephone is adapted to receive the acknowledgment and present it to the user.
  • the acknowledgment is displayed on a display integral to the cellular telephone.
  • personal communication devices have been available. However, they have not been widely employed in an emergency call service function to date. Part of the reason is that the benefit of implementing a system as described herein has not been recognized. Additionally, special processing methods are required to implement the devices effectively in this service. Some methods that significantly improve use of wireless devices for emergency call service include the emergency call processing method for reducing false alarms and the automated testing method to assure functioning service.
  • Another set of methods that significantly enhance this service in its common application for medically at risk persons needing to be in an assisted living environment include methods for medical reminders and wellness checks. In various embodiments, these methods can be applied with or without the use of an emergency call service. All of these methods will be considered in turn.
  • FIG. 13 shows one embodiment in which the user activates a call for help (A) through the device as described herein.
  • Notification (B) is transmitted to the response agency. If response service is offered to a roaming user, that is, a user that does not expect service at a fixed premise, then the geoposition of the user would be determined (for instance, by a connected device or the network) and the position would be passed with the message.
  • the response agency (C) receives the message and interprets it.
  • the sending address (for example, in a paging network embodiment, this is a capcode as previously described) is looked up against a specific person or location. In embodiments where a geoposition is received the coordinates are cross referenced to identify the location. The condition being protected against is looked up, for example, medical, hold-up, assault, car failure, or other possible event. Once a person, probable condition and location are all available, then a response is coordinated. Different courses of action are are possible in various embodiments. One example of three possible courses of action are provided in the following paragraphs.
  • acknowledgment (D) of the emergency situation is sent to the user device. This acknowledgment can be a message, a page trip or other function. As stated earlier, in one embodiment the acknowledgment can be sent discreetly for silent alarm situations like hold-up or assault. For example, in one embodiment, a discreet acknowledgment consists of activating a vibrator in the device.
  • Some of the benefits derived from use of an acknowledgment which is returned to the user (E) include assurance to the user that help is on the way and to notify the user that they have activated the emergency call feature. Without this acknowledgment a very large number of false activations occur (as is presently found in these types of emergency call services). With the acknowledgment, the user can learn of an activation and call off the response of medical or police teams saving time, expense, fines and risk. In one embodiment, this cancellation can be sent by the user directly from their emergency call device.
  • a special code or password is required to cancel assistance.
  • the passcode is entered into the device.
  • passcodes may be entered by using numeric or other keys on a phone.
  • a distinct order of pressing certain keys could provide the equivalent of a security code. For example, 3 short and 1 long on a certain key; or once on key 'a', once on key 'b', and once more on key 'a' .
  • Duress passcodes may also be created.
  • a duress code is one that is entered under duress of another, and the central response agency is aware of the situation.
  • emergency assistance is requested by the response agency according the expected condition, for example medics/ambulance for medical conditions or police for hold-up conditions.
  • a call is attempted to the premise (G) to render further aid or learn more of the condition.
  • additional messages can be sent to the user for their reply or response.
  • Automated Testing provides a means for assuring the reliability of equipment and services. Regular testing increases the likelihood that something will function when it is needed. In embodiments where the function anticipated here involves the direct risk of life, testing is an important aspect of the service.
  • the testing process is relatively expensive. This is because the user must coordinate a test with the response agency, or the event will be treated as an emergency. Coordination at the response agency generally includes human assistance and hence expense. In addition, regardless of instructions and manuals pertaining to testing, the user often fails to self-initiate a test and soon lags into complacency regarding the importance of testing and hence ceases testing altogether.
  • the present system solves these and other problems.
  • Figure 14 shows one embodiment of a testing process where the user is prompted to initiate a test (A).
  • the prompt can be created in an automated fashion according to a predetermined schedule such as based on time of day, daily or weekly. This is a message or notification that appears on the user's device and prompts them to follow the test procedure.
  • the prompt to test is originated in the response center rather than in the device, in case the device has failed.
  • the prompt originates in the response center a full circle of communications is tested by the process.
  • the test procedure (B) may involve a simple test of the device that proves that it is functioning and communicating as expected.
  • the test procedure could involve a special test button, actuation of the actual help button within a specified period of time, or simple acknowledgment of receipt of the message.
  • the test or its acknowledgement (C) is received at the response center and interpreted according to the method used for interpreting other messages from the user.
  • Medication Reminder As previously discussed, one application of emergency devices is in a medical situation. These services often couple the emergency call system to a service of calling the user to verify that they are alive and well enough to respond or to remind them to take their medication or other action.
  • Figure 4 shows one embodiment of a medical reminder application. In this example the patient is prompted to take medication or to verify their wellness. After taking the medication, the user acknowledges the prompt, confirming receipt of the prompt. If no response is received, the response agency 150 may take the appropriate action to check up on the patient or dispatch assistance.
  • Figure 16 shows one application in which the present system can be implemented in an assisted living response center.
  • the two-way communications device is a pager system as provided herein, as shown in Figure 16. It is understood that other communication systems and other uses of the communications system may be performed without departing from the present system and that the examples in Figure 16 are not intended in an exclusive or limiting sense.
  • the wellness check systems and emergency notification systems provided herein may be operated to ensure that patients requiring assistance receive that assistance from the response agency.
  • the auto processing feature allows for programmed wellness checks, medication reminders, and other scheduled events without the intervention of personnel. If a wellness check fails or if an emergency notification is received, then personnel may be called to handle the situation.
  • the present system provides many benefits, including but not limited to, low cost, easy installation, limited power requirements and wireless operation and signal transmission. Many other benefits will be appreciated by those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the present description.
  • FIG 17 shows one example of a premises 1730, such as a house, garage, yard, warehouse, vehicle or any fixed, portable, or mobile location or structure intended for detection monitoring.
  • a Portable Detection Unit 1720 (“PDU 1720") is located in or on the premises 1730 for detection or monitoring of one or more events or conditions. Detection of events and status of the PDU 1720 is communicated to Personal Control Panel 1710 ("PCP 1710").
  • PCP 1710 Personal Control Panel 1710
  • PCP 1710 is shown “off premises” but may be used "on premises” as well. The PCP 1710 is useful for monitoring the condition of the PDU 1720 and for reception of detected events.
  • PCP 1710 is also useful for, among other things, transmitting information to PDU 1720 for the purposes of either arming the PDU 1720, disarming PDU 1720, and/or canceling an alarm deemed false by the user of PCP 1710.
  • PCP 1710 and PDU 1720 communicate using a short range communication device which is dedicated for such communications and which also may include a limited range, such as approximately that of the premises. Other short range embodiments are possible without departing from the present system.
  • PCP 1710 and PDU 1720 communicate using a combination of short range communications and long range communications, depending on the distance of PCP 1710 from PDU 1720.
  • PCP 1710 and PDU 1720 communicate using a long range communication system, even if the communications are conducted in proximity.
  • a system incorporates an existing wireless communications network, such as a cellular network, satellite network, paging network, narrowband PCS, narrowband trunk radio, or other wireless communication network. Combinations of such networks and other embodiments may be substituted without departing from the present system.
  • FIG 18 shows one embodiment of a PDU 1820 which includes a communications module 18200, a control 18202, one or more detectors 18204, and power 18206.
  • PDU 1820 is a self powered detector capable of communications with a PCP 1810 in one embodiment, a wireless communications network (not shown in Figure 18) in another embodiment, or both a PCP 1810 and a wireless communications network in yet another embodiment.
  • Other embodiments and combinations are possible without departing from the present system.
  • control 18202 coordinates communications between the communications module 18200 and the outside world (such as PCP 1810 or a wireless communication network, for example). Control 18202 may also process instructions received by communications module 18200 regarding arming the PDU 1820, disarming PDU 1820, and cancellation of alarms, to name a few operations. With control 18202, several operations may be performed using multiple detectors.
  • the PDU 1820 includes an output module 18208 that provides control outputs to auxiliary devices and appliances 18210.
  • the outputs may be used to actuate an audible or visual annunciator in the premise such as an alarm. In other applications the outputs may be connected to appliances to provide actuation or control.
  • the outputs may be signaled by changes in voltages, impedance, current, magnetic field, electromagnetic energy such as radio frequency signals, infrared signals or optical signals, and audible or other forms of mechanical energy.
  • the outputs may be direct changes of state, analog, or digital in form. Several embodiments are possible, and the examples given herein are not intended in a limiting or restrictive sense.
  • the output module may be activated and controlled by the PCP 1810 or the control 18202, or by the actuation of the detector 18204 or a combination of these.
  • the PDU 1820 is self-powered. In one embodiment the PDU 1820 is powered using an auxiliary power supply. In one embodiment the PDU 1820 is charged using an auxiliary power supply.
  • Figure 19A, Figure 19B and Figure 19C demonstrate a variety of short range and long range communications modules 18200 in various embodiment examples.
  • the communication modules 18200 includes a short range module, such as a bidirectional short range communication system with a network module.
  • the network module may be used either for long range communications over a wireless communications network or for short range communications where the network is also used.
  • Such a system may include programmable or automatically selecting electronics to decide whether to conduct communications between the PDU 1820 and the outside world using the short range module or the network module.
  • the system may employ different portions of the network to provide short range, intermediate range, or long range network connections, depending on the distance between the PDU and any receiving component of the system, such as PCP or central station.
  • the network automatically adjusts for different required transmission distances.
  • the network module is a cellular communications module. In one embodiment, the network module is a paging module, for example, a two-way paging module. In one embodiment the network module is a satellite module. In one embodiment the network module is a wideband or narrowband PCS module. In one embodiment the network module is a wideband or narrowband trunk radio module. Other modules are possible without departing from the present system. In one embodiment, the network module supports multiple network systems, such as a cellular module and a two-way paging module, for example. In such embodiments, the system may prefer one form of network communications over another and may switch depending on a variety of factors such as available service, signal strength, or types of communications being supported. For example, the cellular module may be used as a default and the paging module may take over once cellular service is either weak or otherwise unavailable. Other permutations are possible without departing from the present system.
  • Figure 19B shows an embodiment including a network module.
  • the variations in embodiments of network modules and uses of each described above apply here as well.
  • Figure 19C shows an embodiment where a short-range communications module is used for conducting communications between the PDU 1820 and the outside world. Any conventional and non-conventional bi-directional short range communications may be employed for short range communications.
  • Figure 20 shows a block diagram of one embodiment of a PCP 2010 having communications module 20400, control 20402, I/O 20404 and power 20406.
  • the PCP 2010 has a counterpart communications module to PDU 1820 so that the communications are possible using the same communication means.
  • PDU 1820 has a network module and a short range module, as shown in Figure 19A
  • PCP 2010, in this embodiment includes a network module and a short range module, capable of supporting bi-directional communications between PDU 1820, PCP 2010, and possibly a wireless communication network.
  • the PCP 2010 need not have counterpart communications modules20 400 to those in PDU 1820.
  • Control 20402 of PCP 2010 is used to coordinate instructions entered on I/O 20404 for transmission to the PDU 1820 using communication module 20400.
  • I/O 20404 is a keypad for entering instructions with a display for viewing status information.
  • an audio indicator is used to signal a detected event.
  • a visual indicator is used to signal a detected event.
  • a vibration indicator is used to signal a detected event.
  • separate indicators are provided for a plurality of detection functions.
  • the power supply of PCP 20406 is used to power the device.
  • the PCP 2010 is powered using an auxiliary power supply.
  • the PCP 2010 is charged using an auxiliary power supply.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram demonstrating different communication modes possible with the present system according to one embodiment.
  • PDU 21501 at premises A may communicate over a wireless communication network 21530 to transceive signals relating to detected events with central station 21540 or PCP 21512. If PCP 21512 is in range for short range communications, then PCP 21512 may receive signals directly from a PDU, such as PDU 21502 shown at premises B in Figure 21.
  • PCP 21512 may also communicate with other PDUs and with other PCPs, such as PCP 21513.
  • PCP 21512 may also communicate with other PDUs and with other PCPs, such as PCP 21513.
  • the communications between PCP 21512 and PCP 21513 are not shown over network 21530, however, such communications are possible in various embodiments of the present system.
  • PDUs may communicate with multiple PCPs, not all possessing identical communication modules. Inter-protocol and inter-network communication may be managed separately, for example, both paging and cellular networks and modules communicate with each other through an IP-based protocol, such as over the Internet.
  • PCP 21513 is programmable to assume the identity of another
  • PCP 21512 such as PCP 21512.
  • PCP 21512 and PCP 21513 are part of a trusting domain of a network.
  • PCP 21512 and PCP 21513 are friends in the sense of object methodologies.
  • PCP 21513 assumes the identity of PCP 21512 by entering a certain security code, such as a password.
  • PCP 21513 includes an alias of PCP 21512, where aliases of PCP 21512 have the same security clearance of access as PCP
  • wireless communication network 21530 is a cellular telephone network. In another embodiment wireless communication network 21530 is a two-way paging network. In one embodiment wireless communication network 21530 is a satellite network. In one embodiment wireless communication network 21530 is a wideband or narrowband PCS network. In one embodiment wireless communication network 21530 is a wideband or narrowband trunk radio network. Other networks are possible without departing from the present system.
  • wireless communication network 21530 supports multiple network systems, such as cellular mode and a two-way paging network, for example.
  • the system may prefer one form of network communications to another and may switch depending on a variety of factors such as available service, signal strength, or types of communications being supported.
  • the cellular network may be used as the primary network and the paging network may take over once cellular service is either weak or otherwise unavailable.
  • the transmission may originate in one type of network such as a paging network and terminate in another type of network such as a cellular network.
  • wireless communication network 21530 is not intended to be limited to literally a single communication tower and may include a plurality of such towers and associated wired telephone, ISDN, fiber optic, and other communications infrastructures in various combinations. Such systems may employ conventional or specialized protocols without departing from the present system. For example, MOTOROLA Co ⁇ oration has introduced two way paging protocols such as ReFLEX 25 and ReFLEX 50. Other protocols and wireless communication networks may be employed without departing from the present system.
  • the central station 21540 may receive such alarms and process them for dispatch assistance 21550 from emergency personnel.
  • false alarms are identified and cancelled prior to transmission to the central station by an operator of a PCP, such as PCP 21512 or PCP
  • the security industry has developed numerous types of detection devices for monitoring many types of conditions. These detection devices feature an output that changes state upon detection of the event being monitored by the device.
  • One embodiment of the present system uses the output of such detection devices and connects them as an input signal for a two-way, long-range, wireless communicator such as one employing narrowband PCS (two-way paging), cell phone type transmitter, PCS, cellemetry, or other similar device.
  • the detection devices include, but are not limited to, motion detectors, door switches, water sensors, smoke detectors, temperature sensors, or a loop(s) of detection devices to detect a condition or occurrence and provide an output.
  • the outputs may be signaled by changes in voltages, impedance, current, magnetic field, electromagnetic energy such as radio frequency signals, infrared signals or optical signals, and audible or other forms of mechanical energy.
  • the outputs may be direct changes of state, analog, or digital in form.
  • the present system provides the signals from the detection devices to the two-way, long-range, wireless communicator instead of connecting them to a security alarm control system.
  • the detection system incorporates on-site, a long-range two-way wireless communication devices which are compatible for communications with a two-way wireless communication device that is carried by the system user. The system user then utilizes their communication device to control and receive messages from the detection system.
  • the on-site communication device may trigger local annunciators like horns or flashing lights or actuate other equipment such as heating lights or mechanical equipment.
  • Figure 22 shows one embodiment of the present design in a detection system wherein a motion detector located in a home is connected to a two-way communications device, such as one employing two-way paging communication capabilities.
  • the motion detector provides a signal to the two-way pager when detecting motion.
  • the two-way pager transmits a signal over the paging network to the owner anywhere in the paging network.
  • the person may elect to perform a function in response to the detected event, for example to disarm the detector by providing the proper command to the motion detector over the two-way paging network.
  • Other embodiments are possible without departing from the present system and a number of functions may be supported by various embodiments of the present detection system.
  • Figure 23 shows a block diagram of a detection system according to one embodiment of the present system.
  • the block diagram shows the relationship between the communication module 23710 and the detector 23720 in PDU 23770.
  • the two-way pager 23760 may serve as the PCP in this system. It can be used to monitor alarms, disarm the system and to cancel false alarms, among other things.
  • the system provides for optional transmission to other destinations 23750, which may be accomplished over a wireless bi-directional communication network, among other things.
  • the wireless network employed may be any consumer or proprietary network designed to serve users in range of the detection system, including, but not limited to, a cellular network such as analog or digital cellular systems employing such protocols and designs as PCS, CDMA, TDMA; a paging network such as those employing FLEXTM or POCSAGTM; other data networks such as RAMNETTM or ArdisTM; proprietary special design networks such as AlarmnetTM or ProcomTM ; or proprietary wireless networks.
  • the detection system incorporates ReFLEXTM (a MotorolaTM trademark) 25 or 50 narrow band PCS products and services (types of wireless technologies used for 2-way pagers). The advantage to this type of technology is that it requires low power consumption for devices, has inexpensive devices, and provides flexible 2-way communication.
  • a pager-like device such as a device employing pager or other 2-way long range wireless communication capabilities, is connected to one or more detection devices.
  • the interface between these devices is designed to function with standard manufactured detection devices using for example, but not limited to, small control relays or voltage triggers, or a standard communication protocol like RS- 232, or built as a single integrated circuit with a detection device and thus requiring no external interface.
  • the relay /voltage trigger embodiment provides a design that can be easily adapted to a wide array of existing detection devices or a circuit loop of devices.
  • the integrated circuit embodiment provides a low net cost if the device is produced in large quantities.
  • the 2-way pager device located at the protected location is a CreataLinkTM as manufactured by Motorola company. These are a series of intelligence enhanced 2-way narrowband PCS modems operating with ReFLEX 25 or ReFLEX 50 protocols. These products are being constantly upgraded and currently being manufactured as CreataLink2; soon to be manufactured as CreataLink2XLT.
  • the CreataLink device is incorporated with other sensors and control circuitry as needed to provide one version of a PDU.
  • the CreataLink devices may be modified and adapted for use with detectors and other bi-directional wireless network communication modules, as provided in herein.
  • the users are in two-way communication with their detection system via a wireless means in order to provide the highest assurance of contact wherever the user may be. This allows the user to be informed of detected events and to control the detection system from in, nearby, or distant from the location of the premises.
  • the PCP may be of several different designs. For example, in one embodiment it may be a standard pager or other one-way wireless device. This would function satisfactorily for a user needing only annunciation of a detected condition and requiring no interactive capability with the detecting portion of the system.
  • the PCP may be a "response messaging" capable two way pager. This is service where a two way pager receives a message and optional multiple- choice responses. The user can select the appropriate responses.
  • a design may be adapted to provide basic control options related to the detection system and any central station monitoring.
  • the PCP may be a programmable two-way paging device such as the Motorola Page WriterTM 2000 (literature is attached). This is a class of device that acts as both a two-way pager and a handheld computer also known as a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the PCP may be a cellular telephone.
  • the PCP and the protected location device may communicate of compatible design may communicate with each other through the use of touch tones, digital information, voice messaging, or cellemetry technologies.
  • the cell phone may be analog or digital in any of the various technologies employed by the cell phone industry such as PCS, or CDMA, or TDM A, or others.
  • the cell phone may have programmable capability such as is found in a NokiaTM 9000 series of devices.
  • security passwords are entered by using numeric or other keys on a phone.
  • a distinct order of pressing certain keys could provide the equivalent of a security code. For example, 3 short and 1 long on a certain key; or once on key 'a', once on key 'b', and once more on key 'a'.
  • the PCP is a handheld computer. Many PDAs offer programmable capability and connectivity to various types of long-range wireless networks. Another example of this type of device is the PalmPilotTM or Palm series of devices manufactured by 3 -COMTM . In these embodiments where a programmable PCP is used such as a PalmPilot, Page Writer or programmable cell phone, the programmable nature of the devices facilitates the implementation of industry-standard designs and would allow for the development of a program written for the devices. In another embodiment, a special manufactured device may be manufactured to serve the needs of the system user.
  • the PCP employs an adaptation of the long-range capability of such devices to create a short-range wireless communication without full network intervention. Because much of the communication between the PCP and the PDU is in relatively close proximity, the wireless devices and/ or the network may be adapted to communicate more directly instead of through the entire network. More direct communication speeds up the connection and reduces the burden of traffic in the network. Such an implementation would have applications beyond the use as described for the detection system herein. It may be used for connecting between nearby users of pagers at the mall, parents to children in the neighborhood and between workers in a workplace.
  • narrowband PCS is used in two-way paging networks.
  • nearby pager devices may communicate more directly between devices, rather than having to pass a message through the entire network.
  • ReFLEX 25 or 50 protocols or similar services nearby pager devices may communicate more directly between devices, rather than having to pass a message through the entire network.
  • paging devices are modified to communicate directly with each other. Since ReFLEX protocols normally use different frequencies for transmission and reception to and from the network, the devices may not be used without some modification. For example, the transmission on frequency "a" by one paging device would not be received by another paging device expecting to receive on frequency "b" . Therefore, in one embodiment the transmitting paging device may change its frequency before sending direct to another device. This is accomplished automatically or as a manual switch, either in software or otherwise. In another embodiment, the transmission is routed to the first tower or just into the local network. Most paging carriers use satellites for transmission to and from localized areas. In this embodiment, traffic may avoid the satellite portion of the route and save traffic burden there.
  • the network is able to supervise traffic for billing and other purposes.
  • messages may be tagged as "direct connect" for routing purposes. See the information on messaging described herein.
  • a separate short range wireless system is incorporated into a unified device employing both a short range wireless system and a long range wireless system.
  • a key fob type of device such as though currently used for unlocking automobiles and disarming detection systems is combined with a long range wireless device such as those described herein.
  • This embodiment affords the advantage of a no-service-fee wireless connection for nearby use and a service-fee wireless network for long- range use.
  • PCP with other Manufactured Systems The various PCP design embodiments described herein may benefit the system described herein and also many other security, alarm, detection and control systems manufactured presently and in the past, rather than the PDU described herein.
  • a Motorola PageWriterTM 2000 with an alarm program may function as the user interface, while a CreataLinkTM 2XT may provide the connection to the security, alarm, detection or control system as manufactured currently.
  • the CreataLinkTM may be connected directly to a manufacturer's system's control panel using the I/O signals, the RS232 or TTL serial interface, or it may be connected using these ports through a separate interface board.
  • some alarm panels support control functions with simple I/O signals, some support RS232 or other serial interfaces, and many have a proprietary serial connection available for remote keypad control.
  • a device such as the CreataLinkTM is connected to the alarm control panel.
  • CreataLinkTM is connected to the alarm control panel.
  • Position Transmitted with Detected Condition The design of the detection and control system with its low power requirements and bi-directional wireless communication capabilities makes it suited to mobile applications as well as the fixed applications previously discussed. However, the response required for a mobile application often requires knowledge of where the premises have moved. For example, in protecting vehicles such as automobiles, trucks, and boats, the protected item may have moved.
  • a GPS receiver is incorporated and the system transmits GPS coordinates along with the detection signals.
  • other types of coordinates are transmitted such as with LORAN.
  • the user device may incorporate mapping capabilities for locating the mobile unit.
  • the mapping capabilities may be resident in the user device or in another embodiment the maps may be downloaded from a central storage facility.
  • a directional message could be displayed showing which direction and/or distance the detection signal emanated from. Such a coordinate may be updated from time to time.
  • the software in the PDU, the PCP, and the network is adapted to deliver the standard features of a typical detection, alarm, security, or detection system. These features are currently common to most manufacturers today, including ITI, Ademco, Napco, and others. Examples of these features include but are not limited to: system on/off (home-away-off, arm-disarm), delay zones, bypass/force arm, restore, opening and closing by user, prevention of multiple alarm transmissions in a specified period, user control of system related functions,
  • Such embodiments provide features standard to a security alarm system without requiring a separate control panel to provide them.
  • some of the embodiments provide enhancements to the standard features.
  • One reason for the improvements is that a system user can provide interactive management functions of their system from the PCP regardless of where they are located. No longer do they need to be at the protected location.
  • Zone Bypass This feature allows a user to turn off the transmission of signals for a particular detector or group of detectors. This is done for the following common reasons: When the user is on site and wants to retain some protection, for example intrusion detection, but wants to turn off some interior motion detectors.
  • zone bypass is an all-or-nothing design.
  • the zone(s) or detector(s) is either transmitting signals or not.
  • a new type of condition which we herein label "zone confirmation" is supported by the system.
  • Conditions 2,3,4 above would be better served in many cases if the user was notified of an detected event and may then optionally "confirm" the condition before it was transmitted to the central station. This confirmation may be required, or it may have a built in delay period where an opportunity to cancel would be given before the alarm was transmitted. The user's confirmation or lack thereof may be transmitted to the central station and add valuable information to the response effort.
  • Delay Zones are built into detection control panels to provide time for a user to enter their code into a keypad or other device and then enter or exit the premise before the protection is activated. Because upon entry, this delay is activated, there is a desire to make the delay short. Otherwise an intruder might have time to tamper with or destroy the system before it transmits a signal. However, delay zones may be built into the PCP instead.
  • Capcodes In one embodiment using NPCS (Narrowband PCS) as the wireless transmission method, pager capcodes are used for addressing. Capcodes are the addresses used to identify individual addresses and there is a unique capcode for each pager or common pager address. In common addressing - pagers can hold more than one capcode for broadcast messaging - a common capcode identifies a group of users. For example, capcode 978654903 may uniquely indicate Joe Smith's pager while another capcode may also reside on Joe Smith's pager for broadcast receipt of the news or weather that is received simultaneously by multiple users with the same broadcast capcode. Therefore, capcodes are used to identify an individual user or group of users and likewise identify the detection system that is associated with the users.
  • Rapid Data Transmission It is important that the data is received rapidly both to enhance protection and to help to provide rapid verification in order to cancel alarms.
  • the transmission of data in this embodiment is done in a rapid burst method. The reason for this is as follows: As available in NPCS transmissions, for example with FLEX 25 and 50 - two of the protocols currently available for NPCS services - there is a short message availability (11 bit) that allows for very rapid transmission. In cellular there is a technology called Cellemetry or Microburst that accomplishes a similar function. This short and rapid messaging is a feature of many large scale wireless networks. The short message is typically available to be sent immediately and rapidly and often at a lower cost. For example, in FLEX 25, longer messages require time to set up transmission frames.
  • a short predetermined digitally encoded message is transmitted from the detection system to the PCP carried by remote users and/or to the central station.
  • a look up table is employed to decode the message.
  • a look up table may be employed by the PCP to decode the message.
  • Figure 8 shows one such example of a look up table.
  • Message Decoding in the Network Usually transmission networks are designed to simply receive a message and transport it to a destination. The network doesn't "read” the message or “act” on it except to read an address and send it to the destination. However, as networks become imbued with enhanced computing capability, they can read more of the message and process messaging far beyond mere transport. Therefore, as an alternative embodiment, the look up table may reside in the network and the message may be decoded by the network before it is delivered to any destination.
  • the notification of the remote users may be accomplished simultaneously with the central station or instantly relayed by the central station or any other relay point.
  • the transmission of data may be done in a rapid burst method.
  • a short predetermined digitally encoded message is transmitted to the central station from the user device.
  • longer messages can be employed, but they may take longer to be received.
  • NPCS is the selected wireless transmission method
  • a standard two way pager using response paging is used as the response device carried by the user to communication/control with the detection system and to the central station.
  • a response message can either be presaved on the two way pager or can be transmitted to the pager. Since time is important, a presaved response message is the best solution since it does not require any additional transmission time.
  • Encoding is a straightforward process. The following encoding example is offered for the use of NPCS FLEX 25 two way pager wireless services. In FLEX 25 an 11 bit message (an 11 bit message is eleven zeros or ones) is available for a burst transmission. This message is then split or parsed into registry sections for the purpose of sending a message.
  • the table ( Figure 9) describes sample registers and their potential purpose.

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à un système servant à transmettre des signaux de détection jusqu'à une destination considérée. Cette destination peut être au moins une station centrale ou au moins un dispositif d'utilisateur distant.
PCT/US1999/027902 1998-08-28 1999-08-27 Systemes de communication pour detection WO2000022586A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002362115A CA2362115A1 (fr) 1998-08-28 1999-08-27 Systemes de communication pour detection
AU27066/00A AU2706600A (en) 1998-08-28 1999-08-27 Detection communication systems
EP99968858A EP1149368A4 (fr) 1998-08-28 1999-08-27 Systemes de communication pour detection
BR9913280-0A BR9913280A (pt) 1998-08-28 1999-08-27 Sistemas de comunicação por detecção

Applications Claiming Priority (24)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US9827098P 1998-08-28 1998-08-28
US60/098,270 1998-08-28
US9838798P 1998-08-29 1998-08-29
US9839298P 1998-08-29 1998-08-29
US60/098,392 1998-08-29
US60/098,387 1998-08-29
US9840698P 1998-08-31 1998-08-31
US9846398P 1998-08-31 1998-08-31
US9844498P 1998-08-31 1998-08-31
US60/098,463 1998-08-31
US60/098,444 1998-08-31
US60/098,406 1998-08-31
US10511998P 1998-10-21 1998-10-21
US60/105,119 1998-10-21
US10549398P 1998-10-23 1998-10-23
US60/105,493 1998-10-23
US09/219,737 1998-12-22
US09/219,737 US6667688B1 (en) 1998-08-28 1998-12-22 Detection system using personal communication device with response
US27780599A 1999-03-27 1999-03-27
US09/277,805 1999-03-27
US13586299P 1999-05-25 1999-05-25
US60/135,862 1999-05-25
US37224999A 1999-08-11 1999-08-11
US09/372,249 1999-08-11

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US9648290B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2017-05-09 Eyetalk365, Llc Communication and monitoring system
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US10097797B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2018-10-09 Eyetalk365, Llc Communication and monitoring system
US10097796B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2018-10-09 Eyetalk365, Llc Communication and monitoring system
US10200660B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2019-02-05 Eyetalk365, Llc Communication and monitoring system
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AU2706600A (en) 2000-05-01
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WO2000022586A3 (fr) 2000-10-12
EP1149368A2 (fr) 2001-10-31
CA2362115A1 (fr) 2000-04-20

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