WO2000019570A1

WO2000019570A1 - Up-graded device and the combustion mixture ignition process

Info

Publication number: WO2000019570A1
Application number: PCT/YU1999/000008
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jakub Isaković
Original assignee: Isakovic Jakub
Priority date: 1998-09-29
Filing date: 1999-09-28
Publication date: 2000-04-06
Also published as: AU5929199A

Abstract

The invention relates to the up-graded device and process of the fuel-air (combustion) mixture ignition. According to the basic version of design, the up-graded device for ignition of the fuel-air mixture is designed of the central electrode (5) and side electrode (2), which are located on the body (1) of the device. The central electrode (5) is designed as a cylinder with a circle or elliptical cross section, or as a prism with a square or any other polygonal cross-section. A conical notch (6) is designed on the electrode (5) face, covering 10 to 15 per cent of the face surface and is 1mm deep. The side electrode (1) is designed with cross-located end (3) that is wider than the electrode (2) body. Within the cross end the hole (4) is designed, which is coaxially located in relation to the central electrode (5). The hole (4) can be shaped as a circle, elliptical, square or any other polygonal cross section (Fig. 4-7). Also, viewing at the cross section (Fig. 1-3), the hole (4) can be designed conically, cylindrically or by the combination of a cone and cylinder. The diameter of the whole (4) interior edge (closer to the central electrode (5)) is bigger by about 3-20 per cent than the diameter of the conical notch (6) and by about 3 to 35 per cent than the electrode (5) diameter.

Description

UP-GRADED DEVICE AND THE COMBUSTION MIXTURE IGNITION PROCESS

Technical Field

This invention is classified within the categoiy of spark devices, in particular - the category of ignition devices with electrically induced sparks, which serve for the (combustion) fuel-air mixture ignition. In accord with the International Patent Classification, this invention could be classified in the following classes: F 02 B 53/12, wherein the ignition of an engine with rotating or reciprocating pistons is defined; F 02 P 15/00, wherein the ignition by electric spark is defined; F 23 Q 3/00, wherein ignition devices with electrically induced sparks are defined; H 01 T 13/00, wherein ignition spark-plugs are defined; H 01 T 13/20, wherein spark-plugs having the electrode characteristics are defined, H 01 T 13/32, wherein the ignition spark-plugs having the characteristics of an electrode connected with mass are defined and H 01 T 13/46, wherein the spark-plugs having the characteristics of electrodes with two or several spark devices are defined.

The technical problem, which is solved by this invention, is to find out the modality of constructive solution of the up-graded device and the fuel-air mixture ignition process aimed at ensuring the application of fuel-air mixture ignition, by using two or several electrodes, one of which is connected with mass and the other with the source of high voltage direct current and which have strictly defined correlation and thus, make the start easy and reduce fuel consumption and content of polluting components in the engine exhaust and improve engine dynamic characteristics.

Background Art

Classical spark plugs for petrol engines SUS are the device, which, as a known solution, is mainly used in practice for air-fuel mixture ignition. The construction of such plugs is also generally known. Two electrodes are used as spark device for these spark plugs. The main disadvantage of such solution is the electrode construction itself. Namely, a central electrode that has circle cross-section and side electrode bent with its upper part above the central one initiate a spark formation between them The spark is shaped like a lightning (branch-like) that is very often not sufficient for the efficient mixture initial ignition Such disadvantage is specially leflected duiing the start at low temperature Consequently, it makes the start slow, causes laigei fuel consumption due to incomplete combustion and more polluting components in the engine exhaust

Disclosure of the Invention

The technical problem is successfully solved by means of up-graded device and fuel-air mixture ignition as described in this patent application

The up-graded device is composed of two oi seveial electrodes the construction of which ensuies the application of up-giaded piocess of fuel-air mixtuie ignition A central electrode that can have a circle, squaie or any othei polygonal cioss-section is designed with a conical recess on the face surface Λ central electrode can also have a number of designed conical recesses that aie located on its sphenc suiface A. side electrode or several of them have the holes designed at then ends Such holes aie shaped as a circle, ellipse, square or any other polygon and aie placed coaxially with the central electrode so as to provide the side electrode's hole be located above the conical recess of the central electrode

Such a construction of the up-giaded device piovides the up-giaded process of the fuel- air mixture ignition be applied owing to the formation of the fan-like sparks between the electrodes These sparks piovide an expanded aiea of the initial mixture ignition and plasmic flame, which is formed within the side electiode's hole The change of the mixture ignition core ensures bettei combustion qualirv (efficiency) of the whole engine load and speed, because radicals and initial combustion pioducts spread along the cylinder axis at the speed that significantly exceeds gas diffusion speed The up-graded process of the air-fuel mixture ignition ensures almost complete combustion and accordingly, it substantially i educes the emission of CO, CHx, NOx in the engine exhaust, fuel consumption, facilitate the engine start and improve the engine dynamic characteristics The invention is described more closely in the attached Drawing Figures, such as follows:

-Fig.1 Shows the up-graded device for fuel-air mixture ignition according to the basic version in the partially vertical section, -Fig. 2,3 Shows a possible solution of a hole construction in the side electrode, within the basic version, in a horizontal projection, Fig.4-7 Shows possible construction solution of a hole in the side electrode, within the basic version, in a vertical section, -Fig.8- 10 Shows the up-graded process of fuel-air mixture ignition in three stages, -Fig. 1 1 Shows the up-graded device for ignition of fuel- air mixture, according to version I, presented in the section "A -A" with Fig.12, -Fig.12 Shows a horizontal projection of side electrodes with Fig. 1 1 and -Fig.13 Shows the development of a plasmic initial flame within the combustion chamber.

According to the above drawings and basic performance version, the up-graded device for the ignition of fuel-air mixture is designed of the central electrode 5 and side electrode 2, which are located on device 1 body. The cential electiode 5 is designed as a cylinder with circle or elliptical cross section, or as a prism with square or any other polygonal cross-section.

On the central electrode 5 face, a conical notch 6 is designed that covers 10 to 15 per cent of the face surface and is about 1mm deep. The side electrode 2 is designed with cross-placed end 3, which is wider than the electrode 2 body. At the cross end 3 the hole 4 is designed, which is coaxially located in relation to the central electrode 5. The hole 4 can be shaped as a circle, elliptic, square or any other polygonal cross-section (Fig 4-7) Also, viewing at the cioss-section (fig 1-3), the hole 4 can be designed coaxially, cylindπcally or as a combination of cone and cyhndei The diameter of the hole 4 interior edge (closer to the central electrode 5) is bigger by about 3 to 20 per cent than the diameter of the conical notch 6 and by 3 to 35 per cent than the electrode 5 diameter

It is important to note that the central electiode 5 of any of said cross-sections can successfully function, in conjugation with the end 3 of the side electrode 2 and its hole 4 of any of said cioss and longitudinal sections It should be noted that the relation between the diameters of the central electrode 5, its conical notch 6 and hole 4 is within the given and specified limits

The up-graded device foi the ignition of fuel-an mixtuie according to the basic veision, function by supplying the high voltage on the central electiode 5 that, further on, initiates spaik foimation between it and the electrode 2, which is connected to the mass The spark is formed over the entire volume between the sharp edges of the central electrode 5 and its conical notch 6. on one side and the sharp edge of the hole 4 Such spark is double and fan-like that piovides the initial mixture ignition within the bigger volume than is the case with the similar known devices

The up-graded device foi the fuel-air mixtuie ignition accoiding to the version 1, is designed of the central electiode 50 on which man\ conical notches 60 and cylindrical notches 70 aiound them, aie designed Above the cential electiode 50 there are a number of side electrodes 30 in which the holes 40 and a central hole 400 aie designed Each of the holes 40,400 are located coaxially with the appropriate conical notch 60 The cylindrical notches 70 that are located aiound the conical notches 60 serve to form a double sharp edge around the notch 60 on the sphenc surface of the central electrode 50 A double fan-like spark with the edge of the hole 40. 400 is initiated from the double edge, which is formed in said mannei, aiound the notch 60

The up-graded process of the fuel-air mixture ignition shall be described by the example designed on the up-graded device according to the basic \ ersion (Fig 8-10 ) The up-graded process can be divided into three stages The fust stage piesents the moment of the double fan-like spark V formation between the central electrode 5 and end 3 of the side electrode 2. The second stage presents the fuel-air mixture ignition within the cone of the spark V and within the hole 4\ which practically plays the role of antechamber or auxiliary chamber for the mixture ignition. The third stage presents formation of the plasmic flame P that spreads like a fan from the hole 4. practically within the entire volume of the combustion Chamber C. simultaneously spreading over the entire fuel-air mixture quantity (Fig.13.)

The up-graded device and process of the fuel-air mixture ignition can apply to all the petrol engines, blast furnaces and all other places where a spark is needed for ignition of the fuel-air mixture.

Claims

P A T E N T C A I M S

1. The up-graded device for ignition of the (combustion) fuel-air mixture, according to the basic version of design, wherein on the body 1 a central electrode 5 and side electiode 2 are fixed, is characterized by the fact that on the central electrode (5) face, the conical notch (6) is designed and coveis 10- 15 pei cent of the face surface and turthei. on the cioss extended end (3) of the electiode (2) the hole (4) is designed, which is coaxιall> located with the cenftal electiode (5), wheiein the diameter of the hole (4) lowei edge is bigger by 3-20 pei cent than the diametei of the cential electrode (5), and by 3-35 pei cent than the diametei of the conical notch (6)

2. The up-graded device foi ignition of the fuel-au (combustion) mixture, according to the iequnement 1 and basic veision of the design, is characterized by the fact that the hole (4) in the end (3) of the electtode (2) in the vertical section is designed as a frustum cone so that the cncle cone basis (biggei diametei ) is turned towai ds the electrode (5) face

3. The up-giaded device foi ignition of the fuel-air mixtuie, according to the lequirement 1 and basic version of design, is characterized by the fact that the whole (4') in the end (3) of the electrode (2) in vertical section, is designed as a cylinder

4. The upgraded device foi ignition of the fuel-an mixture, according to the lequirement 1 and the basic veision of design, is characterized by the fact that the hole (4") in the end (3) of the electrode (2) in vertical section, in the part towards the central electrode (5) is designed as a frustum cone and in its extension it is designed as a cvhndei

5. The up-graded device foi ignition of the fuel-air mixtuie, according to the requirement 1 and the basic version of design is characterized by the fact that the whole

(41) in the end (3) of the electrode (2) is designed as the elliptic cross section

6. The up-graded device foi ignition of the fuel-an mixtuie. according to the requirement 1 and basic veision of design is characterized by the fact that the whole

(42) in the end (3) of the electrode (2) is designed as a squaie cross-section

7. The up-graded device foi ignition of fuel-an mixtuie, according to the requirement 1 and basic veision of design is characterized by the fact that the whole (43) in the end (3) of the electiode (2) is designed as a polygonal cioss-section

8. The up-giaded device foi ignition of the fuel-au mixture, according to the lequirement 1 and version 1. is characterized by the fact that on the spheric end of the central electiode (50), a laige numbei of conical notches (60) aie designed and around each of them theie is a cylindπcal notch (70), and the fact that on the device body (20) there aie numerous side electrodes (30) fixed, on which the holes (40) are designed and the cential hole (400) is bigger than others that aie coaxially located above the conical notches (60)

9. The up-graded piocess of the fuel-air ignition is characterized by the fact that between sharp edges of the central electiode (5) and its conical notch (6), on one side and lower edge of the hole (4') on the other side, a double fan-like spark (N) is formed over its entne \olume and such spaik performs the initial ignition of the fuel-air mixture within its own cone and the hole (4'), thus, forming the plasmic flame (P) that spreads like a fan from the hole (4') ovei its entire volume, firing momentary the fuel-air mixture within the entire volume of the combustion chambei (C)