WO2000010296A2 - Procede et appareil des gestion des ressources de reseaux de telecommunications - Google Patents

Procede et appareil des gestion des ressources de reseaux de telecommunications Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000010296A2
WO2000010296A2 PCT/US1999/018185 US9918185W WO0010296A2 WO 2000010296 A2 WO2000010296 A2 WO 2000010296A2 US 9918185 W US9918185 W US 9918185W WO 0010296 A2 WO0010296 A2 WO 0010296A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
communications
users
locations
applications
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/018185
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000010296A3 (fr
Inventor
Bruce D. Smith
Original Assignee
Sc-Wireless, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sc-Wireless, Inc. filed Critical Sc-Wireless, Inc.
Priority to AU54761/99A priority Critical patent/AU5476199A/en
Priority to EP99941035A priority patent/EP1104608A2/fr
Priority to JP2000565645A priority patent/JP2002523926A/ja
Publication of WO2000010296A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000010296A2/fr
Publication of WO2000010296A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000010296A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications networks and more specifically to methods and apparatus for control of network resources in communications networks based upon the times that and locations at which communication events occur and at which communication resources are available.
  • Wireless communications networks utilize network resources in an environment where the demand for and the availability of those communication resources is variable over time and with location. Also, the transmission characteristics of wireless communications networks frequently change over time and with location. The combined effects of changes in use requests, resource availability, transmission characteristics and other factors dynamically affect system performance where system performance includes reliability, efficiency and availability.
  • Wireless communications networks have many different characteristics and are described, for example, as being single-directional or bi-directional (with balanced or unbalanced traffic in the different directions), simultaneous or non- simultaneous, ground-limited or non-ground-limited and voice or data or combined voice and data.
  • Wireless communications networks employ many types of communication protocols including multiple access protocols such as frequency division (FDMA), code division (CDMA) and space division (SDMA).
  • FDMA frequency division
  • CDMA code division
  • SDMA space division
  • Wireless communications networks utilize many different network resources including antennas, transmitters, receivers, spectrum, channels, switches, links and so forth. Wireless networks have interfaces to other systems such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN).
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • Cellular networks are wireless communications networks that "reuse" frequency and other radio frequency (RF) resources within zones or cells to provide wireless communication to users such as cellular phones, computers and other electronic devices. Each cell covers a small geographic area and collectively a group of adjacent cells covers a larger geographic region. Each cell has a fraction of the total amount of the RF spectrum or other resource available to support cellular users. Cells are of different sizes (for example, macro-cell or micro-cell).
  • RF radio frequency
  • each cell has a base station with RF transmitters and RF receivers co-sited for transmitting and receiving communications to and from cellular users in the cell.
  • the base station transmits forward channel communications to users and receives reverse channel communications from users in the cell.
  • the forward and reverse channel communications use separate channel resources, such as frequency bands or spreading codes, so that simultaneous transmissions in both directions are possible.
  • frequency division duplex FDD
  • TDD time division duplex
  • CDD code division duplex
  • the base station in addition to providing RF connectivity to users also provides connectivity to a Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) or Mobile Switching Center (MSC).
  • MTSO Mobile Telephone Switching Office
  • MSC Mobile Switching Center
  • MTSO' s MSC s
  • BTS Base Transceiver Stations
  • Each MTSO can service a number of base stations (which are also known as Base Transceiver Stations (BTS)) and associated cells in the cellular system and supports switching operations for routing calls between other systems (such as the PSTN) and the cellular system or for routing calls within the cellular system.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Stations
  • Base stations are typically controlled from the MTSO by means of a Base Station Controller (BSC).
  • BSC Base Station Controller
  • the BSC assigns RF carriers or other resources to support calls, coordinates the handoff of mobile users between base stations, and monitors and reports on the status of base stations.
  • the number of base stations controlled by a single MTSO depends upon the traffic at each base station, the cost of interconnection between the MTSO and the base stations, the topology of the service area and other similar factors.
  • a handoff is a communication transfer for a particular user from one base station in one cell to another base station in another call.
  • a handoff between base stations occurs, for example, when a mobile user travels from a first cell to an adjacent second call. Handoffs also occur to relieve the load on a base station that has exhausted its traffic-carrying capacity or where poor quality communication is occurring.
  • traffic channels are logical channels for user data and are distinguished from control channels that are logical channels for network management messages, maintenance, operational tasks and other control information used to move traffic data reliably and efficiently in the system.
  • control channels process the access requests of mobile users.
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • a communications channel consists of an assigned frequency and bandwidth (carrier). If a carrier is in use in a given cell, it can only be reused in other cells sufficiently separated from the given cell so that the other cell signals do not significantly interfere with the carrier in the given cell. The determination of how far away reuse cells must be and of what constitutes significant interference are implementation-specific details.
  • time is divided into time slots of a specified duration.
  • Time slots are grouped into frames and the homologous time slots in each frame are assigned to the same channel. It is common practice to refer to the set of homologous time slots over all frames as a time slot.
  • each logical channel is assigned a time slot or slots on a common carrier band.
  • the radio transmissions carrying the communications over each logical channel are thus discontinuous in time.
  • the radio transmitter is on during the time slots allocated to it and is off during the time slots not allocated to it.
  • Each separate radio transmission which occupies a single time slot is called a burst.
  • Each TDMA implementation defines one or more burst structures.
  • burst structures there are at least two burst structures, namely, a first one for the user access request to the system, and a second one for routine communications once a user has been registered.
  • Strict timing must be maintained in TDMA systems to prevent the bursts comprising one logical channel from interfering with the bursts comprising other logical channels in adjacent time slots.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • traffic channels there are four different classes of control channels, namely, broadcast channels, common control channels, dedicated control channels, and associated control channels that are used in connection with access processing and user registration.
  • the RF transmissions are forward channel communications and reverse channel communications that are spread over a wide spectrum (spread spectrum) with unique spreading codes.
  • the RF receptions in such a system distinguish the emissions of a particular transmitter from those of many others in the same spectrum by processing the whole occupied spectrum in careful time coincidence.
  • the desired signal in an emission is recovered by de-spreading the signal with a copy of the spreading code in the receiving correlator while all other signals remain fully spread and are not subject to demodulation.
  • a relatively narrowband signal (compared with the entire band available for the channel) may be used at some times for a lower data rate transfer and a wider band may be employed at other times for a higher bandwidth a higher date rate where the bandwidth is dynamically controlled.
  • the CDMA forward physical channel transmitted from a base station in a cell site is a forward waveform that includes individual logical channels that are distinguished from each other by their spreading codes (and are not separated in frequency or time as is the case with GSM) .
  • the forward waveform includes a pilot channel, a synchronization channel and traffic channels. Timing is critical for proper de-spreading and demodulation of CDMA signals and the mobile users employ the pilot channel to synchronize with the base station so the users can recognize any of the other channels.
  • the synchronization channel contains information needed by mobile users in a CDMA system including the system identification number (SLD), access procedures and precise time-of-day information.
  • SLD system identification number
  • Spread spectrum communication protocols include but are not limited to CDMA as well as Frequency Hopping and Time Hopping techniques.
  • Frequency Hopping involves the partitioning of the frequency bandwidth into smaller frequency components, which a channel then uses by hopping from one frequency component to another in an essentially random manner.
  • Interchannel distortion acts essentially as Gaussian white noise across time for each channel.
  • Time Hopping involves a time division scheme wherein each channel starts and stops at differing time slots in an essentially random fashion. Again, interchannel distortion acts essentially as Gaussian white noise across time for each channel.
  • SDMA space division multiple access
  • Micro-diversity is one form of space diversity that exists when two or more receiving antennas are located in close proximity to each other (within a distance of several meters for example) and where each antenna receives the signals from the single source.
  • the received signals from the common source are processed and combined to form an improved quality resultant signal for that single source.
  • Micro-diversity is effective against Rayleigh or Rician fading or similar disturbances.
  • micro-diverse locations means, therefore, the locations of antennas that are close together and that are only separated enough to be effective against
  • Micro-diversity is another form of space diversity that exists when two or more receiving antennas are located far apart from each other (at a distance much greater than several meters, for example, several kilometers) and where each antenna receives the signals from the single source.
  • the received signals from the single source are processed and combined to form an improved quality resultant signal for that single source.
  • the terminology macro-diversity means that the antennas are far enough apart to have de- correlation between the mean signal levels for signals from the single source.
  • macro-diverse locations means, therefore, the locations of antennas that are far enough apart to achieve that de-correlation.
  • Macro-diversity processing involves forwarding of signals to a common processing location and hence consumes communication bandwidth.
  • the mean signal levels in macro-diversity systems are de-correlated because each separate signal path has unique propagation properties that diminish the signal strength.
  • the propagation properties in each path are different from those in each other signal path. These unique propagation properties vary with distances above Rayleigh or Rician fading distances and are due to terrain effects, signal blocking by structures or vegetation and other similar environmental factors.
  • Shadow fading Fading due to such factors is referred to as shadow fading.
  • De-correlation distances for shadow fading may be just above Rayleigh fading distances and may be as large as several kilometers.
  • the user location information that has been used has included the cell, or sector of a cell, in which a user is located.
  • the location of a user in a cellular system is important because of the fading of signals as a function of the distance of a receiver from a transmitter.
  • increases in broadcast power can be used at greater distances between broadcasters and receivers, such increases tend to cause reception interference by other receivers and hence tend to reduce the user capacity of the system.
  • cellular networks balance RF resources in order to optimize parameters that efficiently establish good system performance.
  • the problems associated with changing times and locations that communication events occur and the times and locations that communication resources are available have created a need for improved methods and apparatus for use in wireless mobile communication systems.
  • the present invention is a method and apparatus for network control in communications networks.
  • the communications network has one or more communications zones with users and network resources in each zone communicating in channels using messages.
  • the channels are carried by data links between the users and network resources.
  • Communications in the network are controlled by a network controller that includes network applications for controlling the communications among users and network resources as a function of system parameters, network stores for storing information including system parameters, a network operating system for integrating the operation of the network applications and the network controller, and network processors for processing the network applications and other components of the network operating system.
  • the network controller controls the users and network resources based upon the times, locations and conditions of communication events.
  • the present invention uses historical and current information, including system parameters, about the wireless network to predict a spatial location where and when mobile wireless users can be connected for high quality data sessions.
  • the invention makes advantageous use of knowledge of the actual transport layer over space, the current location and vector of the mobile user, either predictive or "planned” information regarding the future path of the mobile user, the "backlog” of stored transactions in the network and their priorities, and the size and nature of the information to be transferred.
  • the invention is particularly useful when relatively large data structures are to transmitted to and from wireless users. Since large data structures cannot conventionally be transferred when the bit error rate (BER) is high without lowering spectral efficiency, the present invention chooses times, locations and conditions where low BER exists so as to enhance the transfer of the data. The present invention also employs intelligent queuing to further enhance the performance.
  • BER bit error rate
  • the invention is applied to all forms of wireless illumination, regardless of antenna aperture and is particularly meaningful where there is large variation.
  • the use of "smart" (beam steered) antennas increases frequency re-use on the downlink in the presence of reliable spatial prediction.
  • the asymmetry in data sessions usually means more data is transmitted to the mobile user than from it.
  • a network controller operates to determine and control the location/time distribution of user requests for resources, the location/time distribution of available resources, and the location/time transmission characteristics.
  • the network controller obtains and stores knowledge over time (both current and a priori) that is useful in dynamically optimizing system performance.
  • the wireless users are mobile and have locations in the zone that can change from time to time.
  • the data transfer characteristics of wireless users are a function of their location and provide unreliable data transfer at specific locations and/or times.
  • the network controller senses when a wireless user is at a specific location and the communication system adjusts to prevent unreliable data transfers at that specific location and time so as to cause a reliable data transfer at other locations or times.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a communications system for communications in a region, formed by a number of zones, and controlled by a region manager and network controllers.
  • FIG. 2 depicts further details of the FIG 1 system.
  • FIG. 3 depicts the a block diagram representation of the network controller of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a block diagram representation of the network controller of FIG. 3 in distributed form.
  • FIG. 5 depicts the communications system of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 where the users are cellular users communicating with communication resources that include a zone manager for broadcasting communications to the cellular users and that include macro-diverse collectors for receiving user communications for forwarding to the zone manger.
  • FIG. 6 depicts a representation of multiple zones using the macro-diverse collectors of FIG. 5 and forming a cluster of zones in a cellular system.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a block diagram representation of a typical one of the zones of the FIG. 6 system.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a block diagram representation of the users, micro-diverse collectors and an aggregator for the communications system of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 9 depicts a block diagram representation of a space/time data multiplexer for the communications system of FIG 5.
  • FIG. 10 depicts a representation of a data message transmitted in the communications system of FIG 5.
  • FIG. 11 depicts a representation of the wireless data link transmission characteristic during the transmission of the data message of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 depicts a representation of the modification of the transmission of the data message of FIG. 10 to compensate for the data link transmission characteristic of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 depicts a representation of the modification of the data link transmission characteristic of FIG. 11 to accommodate the data message of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 14 depicts the architecture of the network operating system component of the network controller of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 15 depicts a server network controller and a client network controller of the FIG. 3 type connected together for distributed interaction under control of a distributed network operating system.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a communications system 10 including a communications network 11 and other networks 14 such as the PSTN.
  • the communications network 11 operates for communications in a region 19, formed by a number of zones 5, including the zones 5-1, ..., 5-Z, controlled by a region manager 12 including a network controller (NET CTRL) 8.
  • the zones 5 include users (U) 15 and network resources (NR) 9 which are connected by data links 1 that enable the users 15 and network resources 9 to actively communicate over channels.
  • the users 15 and network resources 9 also include network controllers 8 that cooperate with the network controller 8 in the region manger 12. Since the users 15 and network resources 9 are distributed over the region 19, their included network controllers 8 are distributed at different locations in the region 19.
  • the region 19 and the zones 5 are within the universal spatial domain which for generality is defined by three-dimensional coordinate systems so that the term location refers to places in the spatial domain that have space coordinates within a three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • the spatial domain is typically partitioned into regions, such as region 19 and the zones (cells) 5, so that scarce resources (for example, channel frequencies or other reusable phenomena) from one zone can be reused in other zones. In this manner, the scarce resource is conserved while communications capabilities are extended throughout the spatial domain and particularly in the present example throughout the region 19.
  • a typical communications network 11 has users 15 in motion at many different locations in region 19 and the term motion refers to the relative movement of users 15 with respect to network resources 9.
  • the users 15 are any users of network resources 9 and are, for example, wireless phones, computers and other wireless devices in the communications network 11.
  • the network resources 9 are, for example, broadcasters, receivers, signal processors and other communications devices useful for communications with users in region 19.
  • the users 15 and the network resources 9 may include both receive-related and transmit-related components that can be integrated into a single combined component or may be present as separate components and, when separate, the components may or may not be physically proximate and may or may not be of different numbers.
  • any ones of the users 15 may be active or inactive at any given time.
  • Each active user 15 typically engages in bidirectional communications with network resources 9, which in turn typically act to interconnect to one or more other users 15 located either within or external to the communications network 11.
  • the bidirectional communications between two or more users 15 or to other users in the communications system 10 may be simultaneous or non-simultaneous.
  • the data links 1 in FIG. 1 include components for the direct and logical interconnection of network resources 9 and users 15 and these components exhibit capacities and levels of utilization that may change as a function of time, location and other system parameters. In some instances, the data link components may reach full capacity or may become disconnected directly or logically from particular network resources 9 or users 15.
  • the data links 1 typically exhibit background noise, co-channel and adjacent channel interference, fading and other variations due to changes in the system.
  • the changes in the system include changes in the number of active users 7, changes in the number of network resources 9, changes in background noise, changes due to local phenomena, changes in attenuation and signal propagation, changes in weather conditions, changes in the relative distance of users 15 and groups of users 15 relative to network resources 9.
  • the data link 1 between the users 15 and the network resources 9 can be characterized as wireline or wireless or characterized as a combination of wireline and wireless.
  • Wireline links include wires and fiber optic and support any of a variety of communications protocols including fibre channel, wavelength division multiple access and orthogonal waveform techniques.
  • the network controllers 8 operate to determine and control the location/time distribution of communications to service the needs of users 15 based upon the location/time distribution of available network resources 9 and the location/time distribution of transmission characteristics of channels between the users 15 and the network resources 9.
  • the network controllers 8 use the location and time information obtained and may rely upon the history of prior conditions and information to predict conditions that will improve system performance.
  • the network controllers 8 obtain and store information that is useful in dynamically optimizing system performance.
  • the system operation typically includes handoffs (handovers) between neighboring zones 5 particularly when a mobile user 15 travels from one zone 5 to another zone 5.
  • handoffs handoffs
  • noise, fading and high Bit Error Rates (BER) are present that can cause dropped calls.
  • the present invention schedules the times and locations for communications in order to improve communications reliability and reduce losses and dropped calls due to noise, fading, high BER or other phenomena.
  • the FIG. 1 system supports data communications that operate to transfer data messages having message transmission durations in data sessions. Data sessions for transferring data messages can consist of multiple transmission segments. Data messages from or to users 15 can be sent using multiple network resources 9 at different times and locations. For each data session, a determination is made as to where, when and how the data message is to be transferred considering system parameters such as sustainable bandwidth and communication reliability.
  • Some embodiments of the communications network 11 have a disproportionate amount of traffic in the forward (downlink) direction from network resources 9 to users 15 relative to the reverse (uplink) direction from users 15 to network resources 9.
  • Some embodiments of the communications network 11 experience wide variations in directional gain, loss and interference from their components.
  • typically one or more users 15 request data sessions within a common period of time. Prediction as to when and where to start these data sessions with the goal of improving resource allocation improves overall communication reliability and availability.
  • a disproportionate amount of data is needed from particular user locations relative to all user locations which are available to provide data.
  • each user 15 operates as function of network parameters that affect system performance in the communications system 10 and the communications network 11.
  • a user performance parameter, U( , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) is a function of a link parameter, , a signal parameter, ⁇ , a location parameter, ⁇ , and a time parameter, ⁇ .
  • the link parameter, is a parameter that indicates properties of the RF spectrum resource that is reused such as frequency in an FDMA protocol or spreading codes or frequencies in CDMA protocol.
  • W-CDMA wide band CDMA
  • spreading codes or frequencies are the resource where the spreading codes are more efficiently used, but the clock speeds are higher in order to accommodate the wider spectrum.
  • the signal parameter, ⁇ is a parameter that indicates the quality of the RF signal such as power or bit error rate (BER).
  • the location parameter, ⁇ is a parameter that indicates a location in the region 19 and is typically measured in x, y, z or r( ⁇ ) coordinates.
  • the time parameter, ⁇ is real time, for example.
  • Each network resource 9 operates as a function of the network parameters.
  • the resource parameter, R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), is a function of the resources available to service users with the link parameters, , the signal parameters, ⁇ , the location parameters, ⁇ , and the time parameters, ⁇ , for each of the users 15 and collectively for all of the users 15 of network 11.
  • the network 11 as a whole operates as a function of the network parameters.
  • a system parameter, S( , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) is a function of all or some subset of the users 15 needing service, is a function of the network resources
  • the parameters U( , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) and S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) are determined.
  • communications with mobile users 15 are processed to detect the users' locations ⁇ in the region 19 and for those locations the parameters U( , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), R( , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) and S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) and/or statistical values derived therefrom (generically "sampled parameters") are determined.
  • the sampled parameters for U( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) are stored as a function of ⁇ and R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) and S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) to create a stored data map for the communication region 19.
  • selected new communication events are processed with reference to the stored map in the history store. For example, for a selected communication event, the location ⁇ t of the communicating user 15 is determined, the map from the history store is interrogated for the location ⁇ t , and the parameters U( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) and S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) are analyzed.
  • the stored parameters can be processed in many different ways. For example, a sequence of location parameters for a user 15 are processed to yield user vector information including both the direction and speed of travel of the user. Such user vector information is useful in predicting the future path of the user. Speed is important at times because in some cases bad quality can be tolerated while at other times it cannot as a function of speed.
  • a data message burst or segment may not be affected by the location.
  • the location with bad quality is at a stop light where the moving vehicle stops for an extended period to wait for the light to change, the data message may be materially affected.
  • Speed as a function of location is an important system parameter for this and other examples.
  • Speed is determined for a user using a speed network application.
  • the network controllers 8 distributed throughout the region 19 cooperate to detect, measure and process the network parameters and control the users 15 and network resources 9 to improve and optimize system performance.
  • FIG. 2
  • FIG. 2 an embodiment of the communications network 11 of FIG. 1 is shown with users 15 and network resources 9 in region 19 including the zones 5.
  • the users 15 are typically wireless mobile users such as mobile telephones, portable computers and other electronic devices.
  • the users 15 include the users 15-1, ...,
  • the network resources 9 are typical resources such as broadcasters, receivers and signal processors useful in communicating with wireless mobile users 15.
  • the network resources 9 include the network resources 9-1, ..., 9-R located in zone 5-1.
  • the users 15 and network resources 9 are connected by data links 1, including the data links ⁇ 1-(1,1)... 1-(1,R) ⁇ ... and the data links ,.. ⁇ 1-(W,1) ... 1-(W,R) ⁇ .
  • Each of the zones 5-1, 5-2, ..., 5-Z in region 19 include users, network resources and data links like those in the zone 5-1 and are under control of a region manager 12 and the network controllers 8 for controlling communications in the region.
  • the wireless communications network 11 of FIG. 2 supports communications that operate to transfer messages having message transmission durations in message sessions.
  • Message sessions can consist of multiple transmission segments.
  • Messages can be sent using multiple network resources 9 at different times and different locations 23 in region 19.
  • a mobile wireless user 15-1 can receive a message at a particular user location 23-1 in zone 5-1, at another location 23-2 in zone 5-1 (to which the user 15-1 moves within a period of time) or to still another location outside of zone 5-1, for example, location 23-3 in zone 5-Z (to which the user 15-1 moves within another period of time).
  • For each message session a determination is made as to where, when and how the message is to be transferred considering system performance parameters.
  • FIG. 2 relies upon the operation of the network controllers 8 including the region network controller 8 in the region manager 12 and the zone network controllers 8 in the zones 5.
  • FIG. 3 a block diagram representation of the network controllers 8 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is shown.
  • the network controllers 8 utilize historical and current spatial and temporal information about the network 11 to determine where, when and how to service the communications needs of users 15.
  • the 8 in FIG. 3 includes network applications 31, a network operating system 32, network processors 33 and network stores 34.
  • the network applications 31 are computer software or other control logic for controlling the communications between users 15 and network resources 9.
  • the network applications 31 are executed in conjunction with the network operating system 32 and network processors 33 based upon spatial, temporal and other information generated and stored in the network stores 34.
  • the network operating system 32 is a control program, control logic or other means which integrates the operation of the network applications 31 , the network processors 33 and the network stores 34.
  • the network operating system 32 maintains a User List, a Net Resources List, a Network Processors List, a Network Stores List and runs processes for scheduling and otherwise servicing the network applications 31.
  • the network processors 33 are general-purpose or special- purpose digital processors for executing the control algorithms of the network operating system 32 and the network applications 31 and for accessing the network stores 34.
  • the network stores 34 are data stores for storing the information used in controlling the communications between users and network resources.
  • the network stores 34 are of the type accessible by general-purpose or special-purpose digital processors for storing control programs and/or control logic of the network operating system 32, the network applications 31 and the system parameters, models and other data of the communications network 11.
  • the control information used by the network controllers 9 includes the location parameter ⁇ , the link parameter a, the quality parameter ⁇ and the time ⁇ . Additional parameters determined as a function of location and/or time include traffic statistics such as calls started, calls ongoing, calls terminated, hand-offs accepted and rejected and call setups attempted and rejected. Further parameters include user data such as user location, velocity, equipment and historical travel patterns. Still further information includes environmental conditions due, for example, to weather (such as rain, hurricanes, tornados and fog); due to events (such as sporting and other events with large crowds that concentrate users) and due to time-of-day patterns (such as daily commutes). Further parameters include message information including type, size and priority. Further parameters include data link and channel information such as bandwidth requirements, transfer time restrictions and transmission power. In general, the control information used by the network controllers 9 includes any data that is useful in predicting user communications needs and the availability of resources to meet those needs.
  • the network controller 8 of FIG. 3 obtains the parameter data and processes the data for storage in network stores 34.
  • the network controller 8 uses the stored information to allocate communication resources 9 for servicing the users 15.
  • Many different network applications 31 are present for execution by network controllers 8 to obtain and process parameters and control information transfers.
  • the network applications 31 include utility applications that are executed to provide information for determining and processing the system parameters and include output applications for controlling operations that provide an out put.
  • Output applications include transfer applications for the transfer of information to and from users using network resources.
  • the utility applications include, for example, a location application for determining the location ⁇ of users 15 and network resources 9, a link application for determining links , a quality application for determining the quality ⁇ of signals and a time application for coordinating time ⁇ .
  • Model applications for processing the system parameters and other information to form models and data maps.
  • Models generated from the history data are used to predict spatial and/or temporal changes for one or more parameters used for resource allocation.
  • Models are generated in some embodiments based upon generalized pattern matching without any direct correlation to theoretical user models while in other embodiments the patterns are correlated to a theoretical user model.
  • the present invention includes a number of transfer applications which are active in transferring information to and from users.
  • a data multiplexer application is one example of a transfer application in which a data message is transferred to a particular user from one or more of the network resources in a data session.
  • the network controllers 8 determine if the data session for transferring the data message can be completed in a single transmission segment or whether multiple transmission segments are required using multiple network resources at different times and locations.
  • the network controllers executing the data multiplexer determine where, when and how the data message is to be transferred considering the system parameters.
  • Another example of a transfer application is a priority application where, for example, the first of a number of emergency E911 calls from one location are given priority but subsequent E911 calls from that location are given lower priority than E911 calls from other locations.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a block diagram representation of the network controller 8 of FIG. 3 in distributed form.
  • Each of the components of the network controller 8 of FIG. 3 are distributed among the users 7, the network resources 9 and the region manager 12.
  • the network applications 31 are distributed as network applications modules 31-1, 31-2, ..., 31-A
  • the network operating system 32 is distributed as network operating system modules 32-1, 32-2, ..., 32-N
  • the network processors 33 are distributed as network processor modules 33-1, 33-2, ..., 33-P
  • network stores 34 are distributed as network stores modules 34-1,
  • Each of the modules of FIG. 4 can be located in different users 15 and/or network resources 9, but they all operate together logically to carry out their respective functions.
  • FIG. 5 Asymmetrical Cellular System — FIG. 5
  • one embodiment of the present invention is implemented in an asymmetrical wireless network having multiple collectors 45 in a network resource 9.
  • the asymmetrical wireless network of FIG. 5 is of the type described in the above-identified US Patent 5,715,516.
  • a zone 5-1 of the type described in connection with the wireless communication network 11 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 provides communication to users 15 that are wireless users 15 including users 15-1, ..., 15-W.
  • the wireless user 15- has multiple reverse data links 1,, ..., l Nc that connect to multiple collectors 45-1, ..., 45-Nc which in turn connect the reverse channels to zone manager 20.
  • Each of the collectors 45-1, ..., 45-Nc and the zone manager 20 are a network resource 9 as described in connection with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and collectively they are combined network resource 9'.
  • the zone manager 20 connects the channels to the users 15-1, ..., 15-W.
  • the wireless users 15, the collectors 45 and the zone manager 20 include network controllers 8 of the distributed form of FIG. 4 for controlling the wireless communications in the zone 5-1.
  • the network controllers 8 function, in one example, to determine which one or more of the collectors 45-1, ..., 45-Nc are active for particular ones of the users 5-1, ..., 15-W in connection with execution of a network application and at different times and locations of the users 15.
  • FIG. 6 one embodiment of the present invention is implemented in an asymmetrical wireless network of the FIG. 5 type having multiple zones 5, including the zones 5-1, 5-2, ..., 5-6, where each zone has multiple collectors 45 including collectors Cl, C2, C3 and C4.
  • the collectors 45 are network resources 9 as described in connection with FIG 5.
  • the asymmetrical wireless multiple zone network of FIG. 6 is of the type described in FIG. 5 and the above-identified US Patent 5,715,516. While the zones of FIG. 6 have been schematically represented as triangles that collectively form a hexagon, zones are frequently irregular in shape and FIG. 6 is only intended to be schematic in nature.
  • the zones 5 are like a zone 5-1 of FIG. 5 and a zone 5 hereinafter described in connection with FIG. 7.
  • Each of the zones 5-2, ..., 5-6 includes users 15 like those for zones 5 and 5-1.
  • the zone 5-1 includes a C2 collector 45 that operates, at times determined by the network controllers 8, together with the collectors Cl and C3 where collectors Cl and C3 also operate, at times determined by the network controllers 8, with zone 5-2 together with collector C4.
  • the zone managers 20 have broadcasters
  • the zone managers 20 are network resources 9 as described in connection with FIG 5.
  • each of the users 15 transmits reverse channel (RC) communications to one or more of multiple collectors 45 including collectors Cl, C2, C3 and C4, which in turn forward the reverse channel communications to aggregators 17-1, ..., 17-6, where aggregator 17-1 is typical.
  • the zone managers 20 can be located at a base station that is configured in a number of different ways.
  • each broadcaster broadcasts forward channel communications in a different one of six sectors in six different frequency ranges corresponding to the zones 5-1, 5-2, ..., 5-6.
  • the users 15 in the different zones transmit in reverse channels on corresponding frequency ranges to the various collectors operating in their broadcast ranges and the collectors in turn forward reverse channel communications to a corresponding one of the aggregators 17.
  • all ofthe zones use the same frequency ranges and no sectorization is employed and in such an embodiment one or more zone managers may be employed.
  • some collector sites are associated with collectors for several zones. For example, C3 services users in two zones, 5-1 and 5-2.
  • the backhaul link from C3 to the aggregator 17-1 is shared by users from zones 5-1 and 5-2.
  • the confidence metric bandwidth for one zone is at times reduced in order to permit an increase in the bandwidth of another zone where the zones are sharing reverse channel communication bandwidth from common associated collectors, like collectors Cl and C3 in the example described.
  • Bandwidth control algorithms are stored and executed in each collector. Further, the zone manager 20 of FIG. 8 communicates with the processors 42 of FIG. 8 over remote interfaces when adjustments, such as for bandwidth balancing, are required. The implementation of the bandwidth control is through a bandwidth network application.
  • the region manager 12 controls the bandwidth allocation ofthe zone managers 20-1, ..., 20-6 for the contiguous zones 5-1, ..., 5-6 and for other zones which may or may not be contiguous to the zones 5-1, ..., 5-6.
  • a cellular system having a zone manager 20 that includes broadcaster (B)16, aggregator (A) 17 and network controller (NET CTRL) 8.
  • the broadcaster 16 broadcasts forward channel (FC) communications from broadcaster 16 to multiple users 15 including users Ul, U2, ..., UU located within a broadcaster zone 5 designated by the dashed-line triangle.
  • the users 15 can be at fixed locations or can be mobile.
  • Each ofthe multiple users 15 transmits reverse channel (RC) communications to one or more of multiple collectors 45 including collectors Cl, C2, and C3 which, when active, in turn forward the reverse channel communications to aggregator 17 in zone manager 20.
  • the broadcaster 16, the aggregator 17 and the network controller 8-0 can be co-sited or at different locations.
  • Network controller 8-0 operates to select active collectors based upon bandwidth availability, signal quality and other system parameters. For purposes of explanation in this application, it is assumed that collectors Cl, C2 and C3 have been selected for user Ul.
  • Each ofthe users 15 has a receiver for receiving broadcasts on the forward channels from the broadcaster 16. Also, each ofthe users 15 has a transmitter that transmits on reverse channels to the collectors 45.
  • the collectors 45 are sited at macro-diverse locations relative to each other generally within broadcaster zone 5. Therefore, multiple copies of macro-diverse reverse channel communications are received at the aggregator 17 for each user 15.
  • FIG. 7 when any user 15 is turned from off to on in zone 5, an access protocol is followed in order that the user becomes recognized and registered for operations in the system.
  • an orientation procedure is followed by user 15 to orient the user to zone manager 20 and any connected network such as the Public switched telephone network (PSTN).
  • PSTN Public switched telephone network
  • the user 15 receives access synchronization signals from the broadcaster 16.
  • the user 15 sends access request bursts on an access reverse channel. Each burst includes a predetermined access request sequence of bits.
  • the collectors 45 distributed at macro-diverse locations, are time synchronized and receive the reverse channel signals with access request bursts from the users 15.
  • the access requests from the users received at the macro- diverse collectors 45 are processed and forwarded to an aggregator 17 for final user registration processing.
  • the Ul user 15-1 ! is typical and receives forward channel (FC) communications including access sychronization information from broadcaster 16.
  • FC forward channel
  • the user 15-l ⁇ also forwards user-to-collector reverse channel communications (" ⁇ RC) including user access requests to each ofthe collectors 45 and particularly to the active collectors Cl, C2 and C3.
  • Each ofthe active collectors Cl, C2 and C3 for user 15-1 ! forwards collector-to-aggregator reverse channel communications ( c/a RCl) to aggregator 17.
  • the reverse channel communications fromtheUl user 15-l j include the user-to-collector communication ⁇ RCl and the collector-to-aggregator communication c a RCl, the user-to-collector communication c RC2 and the collector-to-aggregator communication ⁇ 02 and the user-to-collector communication ⁇ RCS and the collector-to-aggregator communication c a RC3.
  • Each of the other users U2, ..., UU in FIG. 7 has similar forward channel communications that include access synchronization signals and reverse channel communications that include user access requests.
  • the Ul users 15-1 ! , ..., 15-l ul are all located in a subzone bounded by the collector Cl and the arc 5j and hence are in close proximity to the collector Cl. Because of the close proximity, the signal strength of the reverse channel transmissions from the Ul users 15-lj, ..., 15-l ul to collector Cl is normally high.
  • the U2 users 15-2 l5 ..., 15-2 u2 are all located in a subzone bounded by the collector C2 and the arc 5 2 and hence are in close proximity to the collector C2. Because of the close proximity, the signal strength of the reverse channel transmissions from the U2 users 15-2 l5 ..., 15-2 u2 to collector C2 is normally high.
  • TheU3 users 15-3j, ..., 15-S ⁇ are all located in a subzone bounded by the collector C3 and the arc 5 3 and hence are in close proximity to the collector C3.
  • the signal strength ofthe reverse channel transmissions from the U3 users 15- 3 j , ..., 15-3 ⁇ to collector C3 is normally high.
  • the central subzone 5 C generally bounded by the arcs 5 ls 5 2 and
  • the forward and reverse channel communications of FIG. 7 in the present invention apply to any digital radio signal system including, for example, TDMA, CDMA (including W-CDMA), SDMA and FDMA systems. If the digital radio signals of any particular system are not inherently burst structured, then some arbitrary partitioning of time into intervals may be used for processing in accordance with the present invention.
  • the selected ones ofthe collectors 45-1, ..., 45-Nc each process the received signals all representing the same communication from the user 15.
  • these communications have macro-diversity because ofthe macro distances separating the collectors 45 of FIG. 7.
  • These communications include spatially macro-diverse data bursts, ⁇ p , ..., Nc B p , and corresponding processed confidence metric vectors ⁇ M p , ..., Nc CM p that are forwarded to the aggregator 17 in formatted form designated as ..., Nc B, Nc CM,/ Nc M/ Nc CC.
  • the aggregator 17 combines the spatially diverse data bursts ⁇ B,,, ..., Nc B p , and corresponding confidence metric vectors ⁇ M p , ..., Nc CM-, to form a final single representation of the data burst, B f , with a corresponding final confidence metric vector, CM f .
  • the aggregator 17 may use the measurement signals 1 M,..., Nc M and control signals *CC, ... Nc CC in selecting or processing the data bursts x B p , ..., Nc B p , and/or the corresponding confidence metric vectors ⁇ M p , ..., Nc CM p . For example, if a particular burst is associated with a poor quality signal, the particular burst may be excluded from the aggregation. The quality of a signal is measured in one example based on the channel model attenuation estimate.
  • the collectors 45-1, ..., 45-Nc include RF subsystems 43-1, ..., 43 -Nc which have two or more micro-diversity receive antennas 48-1, ..., 48-N a .
  • the antennas 48-1, ..., 48-N a each receives the transmitted signals from each one of a plurality of users 15-1, ..., 15-U.
  • Each representation of a received signal from a single user that is received by the RF subsystems 43-1, ..., 43 -Nc connects in the form of a burst of data to the corresponding one ofthe signal processors 42-1, ..., 42-Nc.
  • the received data bursts from the antennas 48-1, ..., 48-N a are represented as ⁇ ..., Na B r .
  • the signal processors 42-1, ..., 42-Nc process the plurality of received bursts for a single user to form single processed bursts, 'B p , ..., Nc B p , representing the signals from the single user.
  • the processed bursts, ⁇ p , ..., Nc B p have corresponding confidence metric vectors, ⁇ M p , 2 CM p , ..., Nc CM p , representing the reliability of each bit ofthe data bursts.
  • Each processed burst has the bits ⁇ p ⁇ , ⁇ p2 , ..., ⁇ pB and the processed confidence metric vector, CM p , has the corresponding processed confidence metrics cnrj pl , CTj p2 , ..., Cn] pB .
  • Measurement signals, M, ..., Nc M are formed that measure the power or other characteristics of the signal.
  • the processed bursts, the confidence metric vectors, and the measurements connect to the interface units 46-1, ..., 46-Nc which format those signals and transmit or otherwise connect them as reverse channel signals to the aggregator 17.
  • the signal processors 42- 1 , ... , 42-Nc receive timing information that permits collector signals from each collector to be time synchronized with signals from each ofthe other collectors.
  • each collector may have a global positioning system (GPS) receiver (not shown) for receiving a time synchronization signal.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the zone manager 20 of FIG. 7 can broadcast or otherwise transmit time synchronization information.
  • the signal processors 42-1, ..., 42-Nc provide time stamps in collector control signals ⁇ C, ..., Nc CC that are forwarded from interface units 46-1, ..., 46-Nc as part ofthe reverse channel signals to the aggregator 17.
  • the aggregator 17 includes a receive/format group 66 which operates to receive and format signals transmitted by the collectors 45.
  • the received signals ..., Nc B p / ""Cm/ Nc M/ Nc CC, after formatting are connected to the signal processor 67 which processes the received signals for macro-diversity combining.
  • the format group 66 uses the time stamp and other control code (CC) information to align the signals from different collectors for the same user.
  • the unit 66 for each one or more bursts compares and aligns the time stamps from the control fields *CC, 2 CC, ..., Nc CC so that the corresponding data, confidence metric and measurement signals from different collectors, for the same common burst from a user are aligned.
  • the signal processor 67 for the aggregator 17 processes the burst signals from each user and the N c representations ofthe reverse channel signal from the user as received through the N c active collectors 45 under control ofthe network control 8 in aggregator 17.
  • the network control 8 in aggregator 17 can use the signal processor 67 as the network processor 33 (see FIG. 3).
  • the signal processor 67 functions, among other things, to generate BER signals and communicates them to the network controller 8.
  • the N c data, metric and measurement values for a single user include the data and processed confidence metric pairs [ l ⁇ B b , ⁇ M], [ 2 B b ,
  • the processed confidence metrics, ⁇ M p , 2 CM p , ..., Nc CM p are processed to form the aggregator processed confidence metrics, ⁇ M pp , 2 CM pP , ..., ⁇ CM,,,,.
  • the communications network 11 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 operates with many network applications 31 as explained with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
  • the network applications 31 include a number of transfer applications some of which are listed in the following LIST 1.
  • the present invention operates, in one example, where a data message is transferred using a selected one of the transfer applications of LIST 1.
  • the decision as to which transfer application to employ is made consulting the network stores 34 to determine if a history of similar transfers is stored including the availability of resources from the resource parameter, R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), the particular characteristics for the particular user from the user parameter U( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), and the conditions ofthe system from the system parameter S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ).
  • the data message is sent using the data multiplexer application.
  • the decision of which data transfer application and its transfer algorithm is to be used is based upon minimizing the load on system resources.
  • the load on system resources varies as a function ofthe network transfer application selected.
  • the resend application is more inefficient the greater the frequency that the BER is above BER T for a data message since more resources must be used for transferring resend traffic.
  • the segmented resend apphcation can have increased efficiency relative to the resend application but it is also is ineffective in high BER environments.
  • the error-correcting application burdens the transmissions with extra error-correcting bits. While the segmented error- correcting application increases efficiency relative to the unsegmented error- correcting application, one ofthe other transfer applications may still be required when uncorrectable segments are present.
  • the data multiplexer application is efficient and usually requires a minimum of resources relative to other network applications 31 that also achieve reliable message delivery.
  • the quality of received signals as measured, for example, by BER is a function of many different parameters in the communications network 11. Also, the value for BER T can vary depending on the network application 31 being executed, the communication protocol, the types of data transferred and other system parameters.
  • FIG. 9 depicts a block diagram representation of a data multiplexer application 31-1 together with utility applications 31-0.
  • the utility applications 31- 0 are applications 31 ofthe network controllers 8 of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 and are used to support the data multiplexer application 31-1 and other network operations.
  • the data multiplexer application 31-1 and the utility applications 31-0 are executed by the network processors 33 of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
  • the data multiplexer application 31-1 functions to determine when some portions of a data message are likely to exhibit excessive errors during the data session as compared to how a data message otherwise would be transmitted over a data link absent the intervention ofthe network controllers. Such errors occur when the BER ' for messages over the data link is high.
  • the data message is broken into segments and each segment is sent only when the BER is low.
  • the transmission characteristics (TC) ofthe data link are modified to reduce BER to an acceptable level so that the data message can be sent without need for segmentation.
  • TC transmission characteristics
  • the data multiplexer application 31-1 includes a parameter module 25, a link module 26, a transfer module 27 and a message module 28.
  • the message module 28 functions to supply and control the data message identifying the properties ofthe message including the source ofthe message, the destination of the message, the length of the message and segmentation boundaries within the message.
  • the link module 26 identifies the particular network resources that establish a data link between the source and destination identified in the data message module and the transmission characteristics ofthe data link.
  • the transfer module 27 controls the transmission of the data message over the channel and selected data link, determines start and stop times of the data message and any segments that may be required.
  • the parameter module 25 determines and processes the system parameters that are used in controlling the transfer.
  • the system parameters include the current location, ⁇ c , of the destination user, the projected location, ⁇ p , of the destination user, the current signal quality, ⁇ c , ofthe data link between the user at the current location and the network resource, the projected signal quality, ⁇ p , of the data link between a user at the projected location and the network resource and the current time, ⁇ c , when the destination user is at the current location and the projected, ⁇ p , when the destination user will be at the projected location.
  • the system parameters are determined and controlled in cooperation with the utility applications 31-0 of FIG. 9.
  • the utility applications 31-0 support the operation ofthe data multiplexer application in the following way.
  • the location utility application operates to use location algorithms to periodically, at a location sampling rate, identify the current location, ⁇ c , ofthe destination user.
  • the location algorithm operates, for example, to select three or more collectors 45 (collectors Cl, C2 and C3) that are time synchronized and measures the time difference of arrival ofthe reverse channel signals from a destination user such as user 15-1 L . Since the collectors 45 are at known locations, the locations of users can be accurately determined at the aggregator 17, for example.
  • Each current location is stored together with the time ofthe sample in a current data table.
  • a quality utility application measures the current signal quality, ⁇ c , at each current location and stores the data in the current data table.
  • a quality-history utility application processes all the current data tables for each user to build a quality-history data map ofthe zone with signal quality versus location for each data link separately or in combination when aggregation of signals is employed.
  • Each new sample of data is combined with a weighting algorithm with the data stored in the quality-history store.
  • the weighting in one example uses the number of samples used to generate the data in the quality-history store as the weight for the data in the quality-history store and the weight for each new sample is a weight of 1.
  • a speed network application determines the speed of a user, for example, by determining the rate of change ofthe locations in the current data table.
  • Interferers can be moving and, include by way of example, climate conditions such as heavy fog, rush-hour high usage areas in CDMA and other systems and microwave blasts. In general, any of such conditions in a communications network can be located using a condition network application.
  • a speed network application determines the speed of users, for example, by determining the rate of change ofthe locations in the current data table for each user.
  • a path-history utility application processes all the current data tables for each user to build a path-history data map ofthe zone with current location versus projected location.
  • the path-history algorithm functions to analyze the entire sequence of locations in the current data table for fits of similar sequences of locations in a path-history store. When more than one path in the path-history store correlates against the current sequence, branch locations in paths are recorded identifying possible alternate future paths. For each stored path, a range of path traversal rates are stored as a function of location, time and date.
  • a data message is to be transferred from a particular user, such as user 15-1 in FIG. 2, to one or more ofthe network resources during a data session.
  • the network controllers 8 determine if the data session for transferring the data message can complete in a single transmission segment or whether multiple transmission segments are required.
  • the data message from user 15-1 can be sent using multiple network resources 9 at different times and locations and a determination is made as to where, when and how the data message is to be transferred considering the system parameters. For example, the data message can be commenced by network resources 9-1 when the user 15-1 is at location 23-1, thereafter may be suspended for a time until user 15-1 moves to location 23-2 and the data message continues from network resource 9-R and still further may continue to completion only when user 15-1 is at location 23-3 in zone 5-Z.
  • the data message of FIG. 10 is to be transferred from the user 15-l x of FIG. 7 to the aggregator 17 in zone manager 20.
  • the network controllers 8 determine if the data session for transferring the data message can be completed in a single transmission segment or whether multiple transmission segments are warranted.
  • the network controllers 8 include the network controller 8-0 in zone manager 20 and the network controllers 8-1, 8- 2 and 8-3 in the collectors Cl, C2 and C3, respectively.
  • the prior path ofthe user 15-l x from ⁇ , ⁇ to the current location at ⁇ 2 is recorded in the current data table.
  • the prior path data for user 15-l x is detected by operation ofthe collectors Cl, C2 and C3 transmitting location information to the aggregator 17.
  • the prior path data in the current data table is analyzed against the path-history store data to determine the projected path of the user 15-l j between the location
  • the first and second segments are present when the BER is below the threshold BER T .
  • the link module 26 processes the link data ⁇ that determines and controls what data links are available and active.
  • the transfer module 27 receives the data message from the message module 28 and in the present example breaks the data message for transmission into two segments.
  • the measured current data quality parameter ⁇ of TABLE 1 tracks the estimated transfer characteristic of FIG. 11 so that error free transfer of the data message of FIG. 10 is achieved with effective use of bandwidth in the two segments of FIG. 12.
  • TABLE 2 is a current data table for the user system parameter U( , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) for the data multiplexer application of FIG. 9 when the wireless data links between the user 15-l ⁇ and the collector Cl, the collector C2 and the collector C3, respectively, in FIG 7 are available for data transfer of the data message of FIG. 10.
  • the confidence metric processing for ⁇ M p in the collector 45-1 of FIG. 8 is adjusted. The result ofthe adjustment reduces the BER below the threshold BER T as shown by the broken line in FIG. 13.
  • the decision as to which particular resources and methods are employed for each data message is a function ofthe quality ofthe history data in the history stores and the efficient allocation of resources among users competing for system resources.
  • the utility applications 31-0 include a resource application that operates to determine resource parameters, R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), as a function of the resources available to service users with the link parameters, ⁇ , the signal parameters, ⁇ , the location parameters, ⁇ , and the time parameters, ⁇ , for each ofthe users 15 and collectively for all ofthe users 15 of network 11.
  • the network 11 as a whole operates as a function of the network parameters.
  • a system parameter, S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), is a function of all or some subset of the users 15 needing service and is a function of the network resources 9 available to provide service considering the link parameters, , the signal parameters, ⁇ , the location parameters, ⁇ , and the time parameters, ⁇ , for all ofthe users 15 and the network resources 9.
  • the network controllers 8 are distributed in FIG. 7 in the manner indicated in FIG. 4.
  • the network controller 8-0 in the zone manager 20 is a server network controller or a client network controller depending, among other things, on the direction of data transfer and the other network controllers 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 in the collectors Cl, C2 and C3 are client network controllers or server network controllers depending, among other things, on the direction of data transfer.
  • the distributed components of network controller 8-0 include the FIG. 3 components, namely, server network applications 31, server network operating system 32, server network processors 33 and server network stores 34.
  • the server network stores 34 include the current data store for storing data ofthe TABLE 1 and TABLE 2 type, a quality-history store, a path-history store, a program store for storing the network operating system 32 and network applications 31.
  • the server network applications 31 include the transfer applications, such as the data multiplexer application, and utility applications.
  • the utility applications include a resource application that operates to determine resource parameters, R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) which among other things identifies the collectors (Cl, C2 and C3) available, operational features ofthe collectors (for example, confidence metric parameters, micro-diversity, aggregation and non-aggregation modes, location and time off-sets from server time, current users and channel assignments) and the features ofthe zone manager (for example, confidence metric parameters, the presence of micro- diversity and the number of micro-diverse antennas for collectors, aggregation and non-aggregation modes, location and time off-sets from other zone managers and the current user load for the channels in use).
  • R( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) which among other things identifies the collectors (Cl, C2 and C3) available
  • operational features ofthe collectors for example, confidence metric parameters, micro-diversity, aggregation and non-aggregation modes, location and time off-sets from server time, current
  • the utility applications include system parameter, S( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), application for keeping track of the users 15 needing service and the network resources made available to provide service.
  • the server network operating system 32 includes a scheduler task for scheduling the operations ofthe network applications 31 and the other operations ofthe network controller 8.
  • the server network processors 33 are any one or more processors for executing the network applications 31 and the network operating system 32. In general, the server network applications 31, server network operating system
  • server network processors 33 and server network stores 34 within the network controller 8-0 of FIG. 7 correspond to the components of modules 31-1, 32-1, 33- 1 and 34-1 with reference to FIG. 3.
  • network controllers 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 in a conceptually simple embodiment are substantially identical to those in the network controller 8-0 except that they are made to function as clients or servers, the opposite as the functioning of controller 8-0 depending on the network application and other factors.
  • a network controller 8-1 for collector Cl includes the distributed components 31-2, 32-2, 33-2 and 34-2
  • a network controller 8-2 for collector C2 includes the distributed components 31-3
  • a network controller 8-3 for collector C3 includes the distributed components 31-4, 32-4, 33-4 and 34-4 (not explicitly shown in FIG. 4).
  • the requirements of the network controllers 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 are generally less so that for economy, only a subset ofthe components ofthe network controller 8-0 need be mirrored in the network controllers 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3.
  • the architecture ofthe network operating system 32 of FIG. 3 is shown and is that of a real-time operating system with the conventional structure, features and capabilities of such operating systems.
  • the architecture is different in that it is a wireless operating system in that components of the operating system are interconnected over wireless links in a communications network.
  • the network operating system 32 includes in one embodiment the communications architecture ofthe following TABLE 3.
  • the network operating system 32 in addition to conventional tasks 84, includes, for example, a scheduler task 81 , a synchronizer task 80 and a priority task 82.
  • the scheduler task 81 functions to schedule execution of the network applications 31.
  • the synchronizer task 80 functions to synchronize the server execution with the client execution.
  • the priority task 82 functions to control the prioritization of scheduled executions of network applications 31 and detects and responds to high priority events and the network applications that are affected.
  • Each instance (for example, a server instance and a client instance) ofthe network operating system of FIG. 14 can be executed on one or more ofthe network processors 33 as indicated in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 4.
  • the network operating system 32- 1 can be both a server instance and a client instance ofthe network operating system.
  • the network operating system 32-1 includes conventional tasks 84, scheduler task 81, a synchronizer task 80 and a priority task 82.
  • the scheduler task 81 schedules conventional tasks 84 and network applications 31 requiring execution.
  • the network applications 31 requiring execution are stored in the network operating system (NOS) queues 83 including the priority queue 83-1, the repeat queue 83-2 and the demand queue 83-3.
  • NOS network operating system
  • the demand queue 83-2 queues output applications that are added to the demand queue by the queue load 89.
  • the queue load 89 is supplied by network applications from various sources including internally generated requests from the network operating system 32-1 at input 88 and by network applications detected by the channel analyzer 85.
  • the channel analyzer 85 functions to monitor activity on the channels to detect output applications that require scheduling.
  • the repeat queue 83-2 queues utility applications that are repeatedly executed to keep the system parameters and other information current.
  • the priority queue 83-1 queues priority applications that need priority attention as determined by the priority task 82.
  • the priority task 82 monitors the activity ofthe queue load 89 to detect high priority applications, such as E911 applications, and grants such applications priority to the scheduler task 81. Scheduled tasks from the scheduler task 81 are then synchronized in the synchronizer task 80 to insure coordination between client and server embodiments ofthe network operating system 32.
  • FIG. 15 a server network controller 8-0 and a client network controller
  • the network stores 34 include the network operating system 32 and network applications 31 including output applications and utility applications.
  • the manner in which the network controllers 8-0 and 8-1 operate in connection with the data multiplexer application of FIG. 9 is as follows assuming that the data message of FIG. 10 is to be transferred from a zone manager 20 to a user 15 (the opposite direction to that previously described) under control ofthe server network controller 8-0 and the client network controller 8-1 of FIG. 15. In FIG. 15, two instances ofthe network operating system 32-1 of FIG.
  • the network controller 8-0 includes, for example, message module 28, MM ⁇ , transfer module 27, TM ⁇ , link module 26, LM ⁇ , and parameter module 25, PM ZM .
  • the network controller 8-1 includes, for example, the message module 28, MM m , transfer module 27, TM m , link module 26, LM m and parameter module 25, PM m .
  • the module, MM ZM includes, for example, a Server_ID, a Client lD, DataMessage_LD and a DataMessage_Length and places through the queue load 89 of FIG. 14 the transfer application for the data message on the demand queue
  • the module LM ⁇ includes, for example, a Server D, a Client_TD, a DataMessage_LO, a Channel lD and aLink_LD for identifying the channel and link over which the data message is to be sent.
  • the module PM ⁇ - includes, for example, a ServerJOD, a Client_LD, a DataMessage lD, a ChannelJOD, a LinkJDD and user parameters P ⁇ for the particular data link between user 15 and zone manager 20.
  • the parameter processing relying on utility applications, determines the current location, ⁇ c of Ul, the estimated path of Ul and where on the estimated path the transfer characteristic, TC, is less thanBER T .
  • the module TM ⁇ includes, for example, a Server LD, a Client_ID, a DataMessage_TD, a Channel_ID and a Link_LO.
  • the module TM ⁇ for locations on the estimated path of Ul where TC is less than BER T , partitions the Data Message into one or more segments.
  • the module TM ⁇ issues a Message_TransferMethod (one of the transfer applications of LIST1 and in the present example Data Multiplexer), Message_Length, No_Segments, Message_Start, intermediate segment messages, if any, and Message_End.
  • the intermediate segment messages include Segment l_Start, Segment l_End, Segment2_Start, Segment2_End, ..., SegmentL_Start, SegmentL_End.
  • the module, MM uls receives a ServerJD, a Client_ID, DataMessage_ID and a DataMessage_Length and places on the priority queue 83-1 through the queue load 89 and priority task 82 of FIG. 14 a transfer application to control receipt ofthe data message.
  • the module LM m receives a Server_LO, a Client_ID, a DataMessage_TD, a Channel_LD and a LinkJD for identifying the channel and link over which the data message is being sent.
  • the module PM ⁇ receives a Server_LD, a Client_LD, a DataMessage_ID, a Channel_ID, a Link_LD and, assuming in the embodiment described that the user has the capability to calculate BER, calculates user parameters P m including the actual BER for the transfer of the data message over the particular data link between user 15 and zone manager 20.
  • the parameter processing determines when the transfer characteristic, TC, is less than BER T during the data message transfer.
  • the module TM m receives a Server ID, a Client_LD, a DataMessageJD, a Channel ID and a LinkJD.
  • the module TM determines if the Data Message segments are active, that a Segment_Start has been received and a Segment_End has not. During transfer of the data message, the module TM m looks for a Message_TransferMethod, Message_- Length,No_Segments, Message_Start, intermediate segment messages, if any, and Message_End. With the FIG. 12 segmentation, the module TM m receives a
  • the users have the ability to detect BER, if any high BER error condition is detected during any one of the segments, the error condition is reported by the client network controller 8-1 to the server network controller 8-0 for appropriate resend or other operation.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un appareil de gestion des ressources d'un réseau de télécommunications en fonction du moment et du lieu où se produisent les événements de communication, du moment et du lieu où les ressources sont disponibles, et des caractéristiques de transmission à des moments et dans des lieux donnés, et par là de prévoir les lieux et les temps où les demandes de ressources peuvent être satisfaites. Le gestionnaire de réseau de l'invention permet de déterminer et de gérer la demande en ressources des utilisateurs, la répartition en temps et en lieux des ressources disponibles et les caractéristiques de transmission à des moments et dans des lieux donnés, de manière à améliorer les performances du système. Ledit gestionnaire de réseau comporte différents composants, par exemple des gestionnaires de communications, un système d'exploitation, et des applications réseau. Ledit gestionnaire de réseau, qui peut par exemple être situé dans un centre régional de gestion ou réparti dans tout le réseau, recueille et stocke des connaissances relatives à la période actuelle ou fournies a priori qui permettent d'optimiser dynamiquement les performances du système.
PCT/US1999/018185 1998-08-12 1999-08-11 Procede et appareil des gestion des ressources de reseaux de telecommunications WO2000010296A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU54761/99A AU5476199A (en) 1998-08-12 1999-08-11 Method and apparatus for network control in communications networks
EP99941035A EP1104608A2 (fr) 1998-08-12 1999-08-11 Procede et appareil des gestion des ressources de reseaux de telecommunications
JP2000565645A JP2002523926A (ja) 1998-08-12 1999-08-11 通信ネットワークのネットワーク制御方法及び装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13328298A 1998-08-12 1998-08-12
US09/133,282 1998-08-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000010296A2 true WO2000010296A2 (fr) 2000-02-24
WO2000010296A3 WO2000010296A3 (fr) 2000-08-31

Family

ID=22457846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/018185 WO2000010296A2 (fr) 1998-08-12 1999-08-11 Procede et appareil des gestion des ressources de reseaux de telecommunications

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1104608A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002523926A (fr)
CN (1) CN1323479A (fr)
AU (1) AU5476199A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000010296A2 (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10064955C2 (de) * 2000-12-23 2003-03-27 Daimler Chrysler Ag Kommunikationssystem und Verfahren zur Organisation von Kommunikationswegen
EP1654892A1 (fr) * 2003-08-13 2006-05-10 Flarion Technologies, INC. Procedes et appareil de transmission de donnees utilisateur au moyen de canaux de trafic
CN100336050C (zh) * 2003-04-04 2007-09-05 清华大学 海量网络存储器设备及其实现方法
JP2009219124A (ja) * 2001-02-01 2009-09-24 Ack Ventures Holdings Llc 移動コンピューティングおよび通信
EP1694091A3 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2010-02-24 Nokia Corporation Procédé de gestion de ressources pour améliorer la réutilisation des fréquences basée sur le temps dans un système de communication mobile
US7746789B2 (en) 2005-09-20 2010-06-29 Fujitsu Limited Routing control method, apparatus and system
US7899463B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2011-03-01 Nokia Corporation Communication resource control enhancing time-based frequency reuse
EP2403290A1 (fr) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-04 Vodafone IP Licensing limited Gestion des ressources radio basée sur la prédiction d'emplacement
US9888353B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2018-02-06 Traxcell Technologies Llc Mobile wireless communications system and method with hierarchical location determination
CN110049018A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-23 上海交通大学 基于增强学习的spma协议参数优化方法、系统及介质
US11386299B2 (en) 2018-11-16 2022-07-12 Yandex Europe Ag Method of completing a task
US11416773B2 (en) 2019-05-27 2022-08-16 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for determining result for task executed in crowd-sourced environment
US11475387B2 (en) 2019-09-09 2022-10-18 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for determining productivity rate of user in computer-implemented crowd-sourced environment
US11481650B2 (en) 2019-11-05 2022-10-25 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for selecting label from plurality of labels for task in crowd-sourced environment
US11727336B2 (en) * 2019-04-15 2023-08-15 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for determining result for task executed in crowd-sourced environment

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2396275B (en) * 2002-12-09 2006-03-15 Ipwireless Inc Support of plural chip rates in a CDMA system
US20040213395A1 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-10-28 Kenji Ishii Apparatus and a method for optimizing network resources employed in data communication
US7577707B2 (en) * 2004-04-21 2009-08-18 International Business Machines Corporation Method, system, and program for executing data transfer requests
FR2895624B1 (fr) * 2005-12-23 2008-05-02 Alcatel Sa Noeud de reseau de transport, a adjonction de donnees temporelles a des donnees d'ingenierie de trafic
JP4783179B2 (ja) * 2006-03-07 2011-09-28 株式会社日立製作所 エリア管理システム
CN101083657B (zh) * 2007-06-29 2011-02-09 华中科技大学 数控系统实时同步网络控制器
US9930712B2 (en) * 2012-05-15 2018-03-27 Qualcomm Incorporated Limiting failure rate by serving through multiple channels

Citations (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4630263A (en) * 1983-07-07 1986-12-16 Motorola, Inc. Time-division multiplex communications control system
US5003534A (en) * 1988-08-26 1991-03-26 Scientific Atlanta Link utilization control mechanism for demand assignment satellite communications network
EP0419205A2 (fr) * 1989-09-19 1991-03-27 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Système d'allocation de canal
US5095500A (en) * 1989-12-07 1992-03-10 Motorola, Inc. Cellular radiotelephone diagnostic system
US5226071A (en) * 1990-12-18 1993-07-06 At&T Bell Laboratories Call path resource allocation in a wireless telecommunications system
GB2271486A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-13 Motorola Ltd A cellular communications system employing GPS positioning
US5307348A (en) * 1990-11-05 1994-04-26 Motorola, Inc. Scheduling in a communication system
WO1995022876A1 (fr) * 1994-02-16 1995-08-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Controle de qualite pour systeme de radiocommunication cellulaire
WO1995028808A1 (fr) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-26 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Procede et dispositif de transfert
US5481588A (en) * 1993-04-06 1996-01-02 Alcatel N.V. Test arrangements for radio telephone systems
US5499246A (en) * 1991-10-04 1996-03-12 Nokia Mobile Phones (U.K.) Limited Digital radio receiver which detects when a portion of a burst is stolen for a control message
US5519758A (en) * 1993-05-11 1996-05-21 France Telecom Radiotelephonic process for locating mobile subscribers and a radiotelephone installation for implementing the process
WO1996020573A1 (fr) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-04 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Maintien d'un appel de groupe dans un systeme de communications mobile
WO1996035309A1 (fr) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-07 Interwave Communications International, Ltd. Procede et appareil de communication cellulaire hybride
WO1996042179A1 (fr) * 1995-06-10 1996-12-27 Phonelink Plc Augmentation de la resolution lors de la localisation de telephones cellulaires
WO1997015159A2 (fr) * 1995-10-18 1997-04-24 Cellular Telecom, Ltd. Procede et appareil de communication sans fil mettant en oeuvre des batteries de collecteurs
US5633876A (en) * 1992-10-26 1997-05-27 Eon Corporation Store and forward repeater
WO1997033377A1 (fr) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Watkins-Johnson Company Station de base sans fil permettant de resoudre le probleme de l'emetteur lointain
WO1997040639A1 (fr) * 1996-04-19 1997-10-30 Cellular Telecom, Ltd. Procede et appareil relatifs a une communication sans fil a mode d'acces multiple par repartition dans le temps (tdma) utilisant un ensemble de collecteurs pour extension de portee
WO1998000988A2 (fr) * 1996-07-01 1998-01-08 Ericsson Inc. Procede et appareil permettant de communiquer des informations sur la position d'une station mobile dans un reseau de telephones cellulaires
US5708973A (en) * 1993-07-27 1998-01-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radio system with frequency optimization
WO1998010307A1 (fr) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Dennis Jay Dupray Localisation d'une station mobile
US5737691A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-04-07 Motorola, Inc. System and method for allocating frequency channels in a two-way messaging network
GB2318483A (en) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-22 Motorola Ltd Dynamic Control of Cellular Radio Communication System Resources
US5752193A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-05-12 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for communicating in a wireless communication system
EP0848560A2 (fr) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-17 Siemens Business Communication Systems, Inc. Procédé avec système pour l'augmentation de qualité du service à ou sous une limite de dépense
EP0856951A1 (fr) * 1997-01-27 1998-08-05 Optimay Corporation Interface de système d'exploitation pour piles de protocoles GSM multi-tâches

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2924793B2 (ja) * 1996-06-24 1999-07-26 日本電気株式会社 移動通信システムおよび自動周波数配置方法

Patent Citations (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4630263A (en) * 1983-07-07 1986-12-16 Motorola, Inc. Time-division multiplex communications control system
US5003534A (en) * 1988-08-26 1991-03-26 Scientific Atlanta Link utilization control mechanism for demand assignment satellite communications network
EP0419205A2 (fr) * 1989-09-19 1991-03-27 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Système d'allocation de canal
US5095500A (en) * 1989-12-07 1992-03-10 Motorola, Inc. Cellular radiotelephone diagnostic system
US5307348A (en) * 1990-11-05 1994-04-26 Motorola, Inc. Scheduling in a communication system
US5226071A (en) * 1990-12-18 1993-07-06 At&T Bell Laboratories Call path resource allocation in a wireless telecommunications system
US5499246A (en) * 1991-10-04 1996-03-12 Nokia Mobile Phones (U.K.) Limited Digital radio receiver which detects when a portion of a burst is stolen for a control message
GB2271486A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-13 Motorola Ltd A cellular communications system employing GPS positioning
US5633876A (en) * 1992-10-26 1997-05-27 Eon Corporation Store and forward repeater
US5481588A (en) * 1993-04-06 1996-01-02 Alcatel N.V. Test arrangements for radio telephone systems
US5519758A (en) * 1993-05-11 1996-05-21 France Telecom Radiotelephonic process for locating mobile subscribers and a radiotelephone installation for implementing the process
US5708973A (en) * 1993-07-27 1998-01-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radio system with frequency optimization
WO1995022876A1 (fr) * 1994-02-16 1995-08-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Controle de qualite pour systeme de radiocommunication cellulaire
WO1995028808A1 (fr) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-26 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Procede et dispositif de transfert
WO1996020573A1 (fr) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-04 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Maintien d'un appel de groupe dans un systeme de communications mobile
WO1996035309A1 (fr) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-07 Interwave Communications International, Ltd. Procede et appareil de communication cellulaire hybride
WO1996042179A1 (fr) * 1995-06-10 1996-12-27 Phonelink Plc Augmentation de la resolution lors de la localisation de telephones cellulaires
US5737691A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-04-07 Motorola, Inc. System and method for allocating frequency channels in a two-way messaging network
US5752193A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-05-12 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for communicating in a wireless communication system
WO1997015159A2 (fr) * 1995-10-18 1997-04-24 Cellular Telecom, Ltd. Procede et appareil de communication sans fil mettant en oeuvre des batteries de collecteurs
US5715516A (en) * 1995-10-18 1998-02-03 Cellular Telecom, Ltd. Method and apparatus for wireless communication employing collector arrays
WO1997033377A1 (fr) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Watkins-Johnson Company Station de base sans fil permettant de resoudre le probleme de l'emetteur lointain
WO1997040639A1 (fr) * 1996-04-19 1997-10-30 Cellular Telecom, Ltd. Procede et appareil relatifs a une communication sans fil a mode d'acces multiple par repartition dans le temps (tdma) utilisant un ensemble de collecteurs pour extension de portee
WO1998000988A2 (fr) * 1996-07-01 1998-01-08 Ericsson Inc. Procede et appareil permettant de communiquer des informations sur la position d'une station mobile dans un reseau de telephones cellulaires
WO1998010307A1 (fr) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Dennis Jay Dupray Localisation d'une station mobile
GB2318483A (en) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-22 Motorola Ltd Dynamic Control of Cellular Radio Communication System Resources
EP0848560A2 (fr) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-17 Siemens Business Communication Systems, Inc. Procédé avec système pour l'augmentation de qualité du service à ou sous une limite de dépense
EP0856951A1 (fr) * 1997-01-27 1998-08-05 Optimay Corporation Interface de système d'exploitation pour piles de protocoles GSM multi-tâches

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MICHEL MOULY, MARIE-BERNADETTE PAUTET: "GSM - The System for Mobile Communications" 1992 , COMMUNICATIONS PUBLISHING , MERCER ISLAND, WA U.S.A. XP002138038 235920 page 214, paragraph 4.2.1.4. -page 215, paragraph 4.2.1.5. page 342, paragraph 6.1.5. -page 350, paragraph 6.1.6. page 354, paragraph 6.1.6.2. -page 362, paragraph 6.2. page 459, paragraph 7.1.3. -page 477, paragraph 7.2. page 593, paragraph 9.4.1. -page 616, paragraph 9.4.2.1. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 05, 30 April 1998 (1998-04-30) & JP 10 013924 A (NEC CORP), 16 January 1998 (1998-01-16) -& US 5 943 622 A (YAMASHITA) 24 August 1999 (1999-08-24) *

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10064955C2 (de) * 2000-12-23 2003-03-27 Daimler Chrysler Ag Kommunikationssystem und Verfahren zur Organisation von Kommunikationswegen
JP2009219124A (ja) * 2001-02-01 2009-09-24 Ack Ventures Holdings Llc 移動コンピューティングおよび通信
US9924305B2 (en) 2001-02-01 2018-03-20 Ack Ventures Holdings, Llc Mobile computing and communication
US10820147B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2020-10-27 Traxcell Technologies, LLC Mobile wireless device providing off-line and on-line geographic navigation information
US10701517B1 (en) 2001-10-04 2020-06-30 Traxcell Technologies Llc Wireless network and method for suggesting corrective action based on performance and controlling access to location information
US10448209B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2019-10-15 Traxcell Technologies Llc Wireless network and method with communications error trend analysis
US10743135B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2020-08-11 Traxcell Technologies, LLC Wireless network and method for suggesting corrective action in response to detecting communications errors
US11445328B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2022-09-13 Traxcell Technologies, LLC Wireless network and method for suggesting corrective action and restricting communications in response to detecting communications errors
US10390175B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2019-08-20 Traxcell Technologies Llc Mobile wireless device tracking and notification system
US9888353B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2018-02-06 Traxcell Technologies Llc Mobile wireless communications system and method with hierarchical location determination
US9918196B2 (en) 2001-10-04 2018-03-13 Traxcell Technologies Llc Internet queried directional navigation system with mobile and fixed originating location determination
CN100336050C (zh) * 2003-04-04 2007-09-05 清华大学 海量网络存储器设备及其实现方法
EP1654892A4 (fr) * 2003-08-13 2011-05-11 Qualcomm Inc Procedes et appareil de transmission de donnees utilisateur au moyen de canaux de trafic
EP1654892A1 (fr) * 2003-08-13 2006-05-10 Flarion Technologies, INC. Procedes et appareil de transmission de donnees utilisateur au moyen de canaux de trafic
EP1694091A3 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2010-02-24 Nokia Corporation Procédé de gestion de ressources pour améliorer la réutilisation des fréquences basée sur le temps dans un système de communication mobile
US7899463B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2011-03-01 Nokia Corporation Communication resource control enhancing time-based frequency reuse
US7746789B2 (en) 2005-09-20 2010-06-29 Fujitsu Limited Routing control method, apparatus and system
US8639260B2 (en) 2010-07-02 2014-01-28 Vodafone Ip Licensing Limited Telecommunication networks
EP2403290A1 (fr) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-04 Vodafone IP Licensing limited Gestion des ressources radio basée sur la prédiction d'emplacement
US11386299B2 (en) 2018-11-16 2022-07-12 Yandex Europe Ag Method of completing a task
CN110049018A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-23 上海交通大学 基于增强学习的spma协议参数优化方法、系统及介质
US11727336B2 (en) * 2019-04-15 2023-08-15 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for determining result for task executed in crowd-sourced environment
US11416773B2 (en) 2019-05-27 2022-08-16 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for determining result for task executed in crowd-sourced environment
US11475387B2 (en) 2019-09-09 2022-10-18 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for determining productivity rate of user in computer-implemented crowd-sourced environment
US11481650B2 (en) 2019-11-05 2022-10-25 Yandex Europe Ag Method and system for selecting label from plurality of labels for task in crowd-sourced environment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1323479A (zh) 2001-11-21
JP2002523926A (ja) 2002-07-30
EP1104608A2 (fr) 2001-06-06
WO2000010296A3 (fr) 2000-08-31
AU5476199A (en) 2000-03-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1104608A2 (fr) Procede et appareil des gestion des ressources de reseaux de telecommunications
KR200304017Y1 (ko) 무선 통신 신호에 적합한 동적 빔 성형을 이용하는 시스템
US5551058A (en) Method and system for intelligent cell selection using location data in cellular systems
US6792273B1 (en) Method and apparatus for resource reservation in a mobile radio communication system
US6546254B2 (en) Method and apparatus for intelligent dynamic frequency reuse
US7453854B2 (en) Radio signal communication method, base station and terminal station
US6987793B2 (en) Predictive collision avoidance in macrodiverse wireless networks with frequency hopping using switching
US20190174337A1 (en) Method, apparatus, and computer program product for improving reliability in wireless communication
AU3093800A (en) Method and apparatus for resource reservation in a mobile radio communications system
KR100965015B1 (ko) 이동 통신 시스템 및 그 제어 방법, 기지국 장치 및 컴퓨터판독가능 기록 매체
MXPA06013736A (es) Metodo y sistema de comunicacion inalambrica para formar haces de canal de control tridimensionales y gestional area de cobertura de usuario a gran escala.
WO1999039456A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de reseaux de collecteurs d'antennes directionnelles co-implantes avec les gestionnaires de zone, dans les systemes de radiocommunication
US20230403591A1 (en) Group based beam reporting
JP2001503213A (ja) 基地局およびセル方式移動無線システムのセル・カバレージ方法
US6131034A (en) Method and apparatus for collector arrays in wireless communications systems
Ding et al. Position-based user-centric radio resource management in 5g udn for ultra-reliable and low-latency vehicular communications
CN107534979B (zh) 一种无线通信设备和方法
KR100741414B1 (ko) 분산 무선 시스템에서의 이중 가상셀 구조를 형성하는 장치및 그 운용 방법
WO1999017573A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour creer des relations cellulaires dans un systeme de communications mobiles
Zhang et al. Resource Allocation and Mobility Management for Perceptive Mobile Networks in 6G
WO2008027637A2 (fr) Groupage plus souple d'antennes de base éloignées
CN116709344A (zh) 一种部分带宽切换方法、装置、网络设备及终端

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 99812042.1

Country of ref document: CN

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1999941035

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1999941035

Country of ref document: EP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1999941035

Country of ref document: EP