WO2000007785A1 - Method for producing medium density fibre panels - Google Patents

Method for producing medium density fibre panels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000007785A1
WO2000007785A1 PCT/DE1999/002054 DE9902054W WO0007785A1 WO 2000007785 A1 WO2000007785 A1 WO 2000007785A1 DE 9902054 W DE9902054 W DE 9902054W WO 0007785 A1 WO0007785 A1 WO 0007785A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
binder
fiber mixture
fibers
dryer
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1999/002054
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Buchholzer
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority to EEP200000407A priority Critical patent/EE200000407A/en
Priority to KR1020007006992A priority patent/KR20010033491A/en
Priority to IL13993299A priority patent/IL139932A0/en
Priority to AU58477/99A priority patent/AU5847799A/en
Priority to CA002317513A priority patent/CA2317513A1/en
Priority to HU0101990A priority patent/HUP0101990A3/en
Priority to JP2000563445A priority patent/JP2002522251A/en
Priority to BR9907063-4A priority patent/BR9907063A/en
Publication of WO2000007785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000007785A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of light, medium-density or high-density fiberboard (LDF, MDF, HDF) by hot pressing a fiberboard formed from glued fibers, the chips being softened with excess steam pressure to produce the fibers and then ground to fibers which are subjected to steam pressure by a Blow-line conveyed into a tube dryer and after drying a spreader or the like. be fed.
  • LDF medium-density or high-density fiberboard
  • Barked wood and / or annual plants are usually chopped into wood chips and then cleaned by sieving and washing.
  • the cleaned schnitzel then goes through a filling funnel and a stuffing screw into a cooker, where it is softened with excess steam pressure.
  • the softened schnitzel is conveyed via a further screw into a disc refiner, where it is ground into fibers.
  • the fibers then pass through a blow-line into a tube dryer with steam pressure and from there via a cyclone separator into a classifier and then into a fiber bunker in front of a spreader.
  • the binder is sprayed into the blow-line before the fiber mixture dries.
  • the spreader forms an endless fiber mat on a continuous belt, which, after cold pre-compression, reaches a hot press and is pressed there to the fiberboard belt.
  • Glueing the fibers is problematic in the production of MDF boards. This gluing was initially carried out in trough mixers, but this led to fiber agglomerates and matting. This resulted in an uneven fiber gluing, but above all an undesirable formation of glue spots in the board surfaces.
  • blow-line gluing which is the general state of the art today.
  • the binder is sprayed onto the fiber stream in the blow tube ending in the entrance area of the tube dryer behind the refiner.
  • the hot, wet fibers are then glued and only then dried.
  • This commonly used Belei ungsclar has a disadvantage, namely an increased glue consumption, which is about 12 - 15% binder / dry fiber mass above the glue consumption of the trough mixer gluing of about 10 - 11%.
  • an increased glue consumption which is about 12 - 15% binder / dry fiber mass above the glue consumption of the trough mixer gluing of about 10 - 11%.
  • binder is always applied to the wet and hot fibers; a loss of binder z. B. by pre-curing and hydrolysis as well as by fiber deposits in the dryer was accepted as apparently inevitable.
  • EP 0 728 562 A2 discloses a method for producing wood-based panels from wood fibers or, for example, MDF boards from wood fibers.
  • the previously processed fibers are first fed to a dryer, from where they reach a fiber bunker by air transport. There is a moisture measurement, the output signal of which controls the dryer.
  • the fibers are fed from the fiber bunker into a conveyor line, where they pass through a mass determination station before they reach a wetting zone.
  • At least one glue nozzle is arranged in the wetting zone, which is connected to a high-pressure pump and can spray glue into the delivery line.
  • the glued fibers pass through a classifier and are then pneumatically fed to a litter bin, which is assigned to a forming station.
  • the conveying line mentioned narrows in the conveying direction according to a Venturi nozzle to a reduced diameter, which opens into a diffuser section, which initially widens in the direction of the flow as seen in the direction of flow, with this widening then being followed by a taper to a smaller diameter which corresponds to the initial diameter of the delivery line.
  • a plurality of glueing nozzles which are evenly distributed on the circumference, are arranged in such a way that the passing fibers are wetted by the sprayed-in glue mist.
  • the spray cone of each glue nozzle and its orientation with respect to the horizontal central axis of the delivery line can be adjusted.
  • the gluing can take place at room temperature or else in a preheated air stream at temperatures below 100 ° C., preferably 50 ° to 75 ° C., in order to bring as much thermal energy as possible into the fiber mat to be scattered.
  • the object of the invention is once again to reduce the consumption of binder in the production of MDF boards.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that the end section of the tube dryer is designed as a glue wetting zone, in which the transport velocity of the fiber mixture is reduced by enlarging the tube dryer flow cross-section and a turbulent flow is thereby generated, the turbulence of which is generated by injection additional air is increased, which is injected simultaneously with the injection of the binder axially into the center of the wetting zone, the length of which is approximately 5 to 10 times greater than its diameter.
  • the air injection takes place in a ring around the binder injection and preferably at the same angle.
  • a tube dryer gluing is to be provided according to the invention, by means of which the previous disadvantages are avoided.
  • the inventive glueing of the already dried and largely cooled fibers in the end section of the tube dryer avoids binder pre-curing and hydrolytic degradation of the binder in the tube dryer.
  • the transport speed of the fiber mixture in the glue wetting zone is reduced by approximately 100% to 300% compared to the transport speed in the dryer zone.
  • the wet and hot fibers have a temperature of approximately 160-170 ° C, a speed of approximately 100 m / s and a residence time of approximately 0.1-0.3 s.
  • the dryer inlet temperature is approximately 180 ° C. and the dryer outlet temperature is approximately 65 ° C., the fiber mixture being dried to a residual moisture of 10-12% within 4-6 s.
  • the moisture content of the dried fibers must be lower compared to blow-line gluing, since the gluing increases the moisture content of the fibers, but for technological reasons the final moisture content of the glued fibers must not exceed 10-12%.
  • the moisture of the fiber mixture is reduced to below 20%, preferably to 2-10% by drying, so that the final moisture content of the glued fiber mixture is less than 30%, preferably 8-12%. If this results in a higher dryer outlet temperature, it is advisable to avoid pre-curing of the binder if the fiber mixture is heated to a temperature of 50 - 70 immediately before and / or after or during the injection of the binder (via one or more nozzles) ° C is cooled. This cooling can preferably take place by tempering the atomizing air and / or the binder used to inject the binder, it being advantageous if the fiber mixture in the wetting zone and the binder injected here have a temperature of about 50 ° to 70 ° C. preferably have from about 60 ° C. Furthermore, it can be provided in this connection that the air additionally injected to increase turbulence is tempered and / or provided with moisture.
  • the glued fiber mixture is separated from its transport air in a cyclone downstream of the tube dryer, which cyclone can be connected directly to the end of the wetting zone.
  • All organic binders such as e.g. B. UF, MUF, MUPF, MIUPF, PF and tannin glue resins and PMDI adhesives can be used.
  • a conversion of existing MDF systems with blow-line gluing to the tube dryer gluing according to the invention is possible without any problems, since only the section end of the modulated tube dryer has to be replaced.
  • the pipe section to be used here must be equipped with the necessary injection rings.
  • Existing control and regulation units for blow-line gluing can still be used.
  • Tube dryer glueing leads to significantly lower production costs and high-quality MDF boards compared to blow-line gluing.
  • the binder costs amount to approx. 19% of the production costs (without depreciation and interest). They are the second most important cost factor.
  • With the tube dryer gluing according to the invention up to 33% binder can be saved compared to conventional methods. This makes sense not only economically but also ecologically when using synthetic resin binders, as this conserves natural resources and improves the material's ecological balance.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing low, medium or high density fibre panels through hot compression of a fibre panel composed of glued fibres. According to said fibre production method, vapour overpressure is used to soften chips which are then shredded to form fibres. Said fibres are transported, with the vapour pressure, trough a blow duct, in order to enter a tubular drier, and are transferred after drying to a dispersion machine or the like. To reduce the binder consumption, the final section of said tubular drier is built as a glue-wetting area wherein the transport speed of the fibre mixture is reduced due to an enlargement of the flow section of said tubular drier, whereby a turbulent flow is produced and turbulence is increased by an additional air injection, said additional air being injected simultaneously to the binder and preferably, at the same angle, axially and at the centre of the wetting area whose length is approximately 5 to 10 times bigger than its diameter.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von MDF-PlattenProcess for the production of MDF boards
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung leichter, mitteldichter oder hochdichter Faserplatten (LDF, MDF, HDF) durch Heißverpressung einer aus beleimten Fasern geformten Faserplatte, wobei zur Erzeugung der Fasern Hackschnitzel mit Dampfüberdruck erweicht und dann zu Fasern aufgemahlen werden, die mit Dampfdruck durch eine Blow-line in einen Rohrtrockner gefördert und nach ihrer Trocknung einer Streumaschine o. dgl . zugeführt werden.The invention relates to a process for the production of light, medium-density or high-density fiberboard (LDF, MDF, HDF) by hot pressing a fiberboard formed from glued fibers, the chips being softened with excess steam pressure to produce the fibers and then ground to fibers which are subjected to steam pressure by a Blow-line conveyed into a tube dryer and after drying a spreader or the like. be fed.
Üblicherweise werden entrindetes Holz und/oder Einjahrespflanzen zu Hackschnitzeln zerhackt und anschließend durch Siebung und Wäsche gereinigt. Danach gelangen die gereinigten Schnitzel über einen Einfülltrichter und eine StopfSchnecke in einen Kocher, wo sie mit Dampfüberdruck erweicht werden. Die so erweichten Schnitzel werden über eine weitere Schnecke in einen Scheibenre- finer gefördert, wo sie zu Fasern aufgemahlen werden. Die Fasern gelangen dann mit Dampfdruck durch eine Blow-line in einen Rohrtrockner und von dort über eine Zyklonabscheidung in einen Sichter und danach in einen Faserbunker vor einer Streumaschine . Dabei wird das Bindemittel vor der Trocknung des Fasergemisches in die Blow-line eingesprüht. Die Streumaschine formt auf einem durchlaufenden Band eine endlose Fasermatte, die nach kalter Vorverdichtung in eine Heißpresse gelangt und dort zum Faserplattenband verpreßt wird.Barked wood and / or annual plants are usually chopped into wood chips and then cleaned by sieving and washing. The cleaned schnitzel then goes through a filling funnel and a stuffing screw into a cooker, where it is softened with excess steam pressure. The softened schnitzel is conveyed via a further screw into a disc refiner, where it is ground into fibers. The fibers then pass through a blow-line into a tube dryer with steam pressure and from there via a cyclone separator into a classifier and then into a fiber bunker in front of a spreader. The binder is sprayed into the blow-line before the fiber mixture dries. The spreader forms an endless fiber mat on a continuous belt, which, after cold pre-compression, reaches a hot press and is pressed there to the fiberboard belt.
Problematisch bei der Herstellung von MDF-Platten ist die Belei- mung der Fasern. Diese Beleimung erfolgte anfangs in Trogmischern, was aber zu Faseragglomeraten und -verfilzungen führte. Hieraus resultierte eine ungleichmäßige Faserbeleimung, vor allem aber eine unerwünschte Ausbildung von Leimflecken in den Platten-Oberflächen.Glueing the fibers is problematic in the production of MDF boards. This gluing was initially carried out in trough mixers, but this led to fiber agglomerates and matting. This resulted in an uneven fiber gluing, but above all an undesirable formation of glue spots in the board surfaces.
Diese Nachteile wurden mit Einführung der Blow-line-Beleimung beseitigt, die heute genereller Stand der Technik ist. Hierbei wird das Bindemittel in das im Eingangsbereich des Rohrtrockners endende Blasrohr hinter dem Refiner auf den Faserstrom gesprüht. Beleimt werden also die noch nassen, heißen Fasern, die erst anschließend getrocknet werden.These disadvantages were eliminated with the introduction of blow-line gluing, which is the general state of the art today. Here, the binder is sprayed onto the fiber stream in the blow tube ending in the entrance area of the tube dryer behind the refiner. The hot, wet fibers are then glued and only then dried.
Dieses allgemein angewendete Belei ungsverfahren weist einen Nachteil auf, und zwar einen erhöhten Leimverbrauch, der mit etwa 12 - 15 % Bindemittel/atro Fasermasse über dem Leimverbrauch der Trogmischer-Beleimung von ca. 10 - 11 % liegt. Trotz umfangreicher Untersuchungen konnten die eindeutigen Gründe für diesen erhöhten Leimmittelverbrauch nie vollständig geklärt werden.This commonly used Belei ungsverfahren has a disadvantage, namely an increased glue consumption, which is about 12 - 15% binder / dry fiber mass above the glue consumption of the trough mixer gluing of about 10 - 11%. Despite extensive studies, the clear reasons for this increased glue consumption could never be fully clarified.
Bei der Blow-line-Beleimung besteht ferner die Gefahr einer Verstopfung des Blasrohres . Zur Behebung dieses Problems wurden umfangreiche Untersuchungen angestellt und Lösungsvorschläge unterbreitet (siehe z. B. DE 41 22 842 C2 ) . Einige dieser Lösungsvorschläge empfehlen die Leimeindüsung unmittelbar im Bereich des Faseraustritts aus dem Blasrohr oder aber beim Eintritt des Fasergemisches in einen Abscheider, bevor die Fasertrocknung im Rohrtrockner erfolgt. Nach einem anderen Vorschlag soll im Ausgangsbereich des Blasrohres eine Blasrohrummantelung vorgesehen werden, durch die Luft eingeblasen wird. Die so gekühlte Blasrohroberfläche soll dann zu Kondensatbildung an der Rohrinnenoberfläche führen und somit Faserablagerungen verhindern. Auch eine Verjüngung des Blasrohrendes wird zur Vermeidung von Ablagerungen empfohlen. Aus der Derwent Publication AN 060 276 und der SU-A-1 021 629 ist der Vorschlag zu entnehmen, die Bindemittel-Eindüsung zwischen dem Ende des Blasrohres und dem Beginn eines Trockners in einem Separator vorzunehmen. Gemäß der WO 89/07 716 kann das Bindemittel auch zwischen den Stufen eines Zweistufentrockners eingebracht werden.With blow-line gluing, there is also a risk of the blower tube becoming blocked. Extensive investigations were carried out to remedy this problem and proposals for solutions were made (see e.g. DE 41 22 842 C2). Some of these proposed solutions recommend glue injection directly in the area of the fiber outlet from the blowpipe or when the fiber mixture enters a separator before the fiber drying takes place in the tube dryer. According to another proposal, a blowpipe casing should be provided in the outlet area of the blowpipe, through which air is blown. The blown tube surface cooled in this way should then lead to the formation of condensate on the inner surface of the tube and thus prevent fiber deposits. A tapering of the blow pipe end is also recommended to avoid deposits. Derwent Publication AN 060 276 and SU-A-1 021 629 suggest that the binder be injected between the end of the blowpipe and the beginning of a dryer in a separator. According to WO 89/07 716, the binder can also be introduced between the stages of a two-stage dryer.
Zur Reduzierung einer unerwünschten Bindemittel-Voraushärtung wird ein Puffern mittels Alkalizugabe empfohlen. Zwingend erforderlich ist aber die Kontrolle der pH-Werte und Pufferkapazitäten der Fasern. Außerdem hat sich das Prinzip der Phenolharzzugabe in gasförmigem Zustand bei nachgeschalteter Behandlung mit Formaldehyd und Ammoniak als unwirtschaftlich und industriell schwer realisierbar erwiesen. Der maschinelle Aufwand war zu groß; gegenüber der Blow-line-Beleimung gab es keine Leimersparnisse .To reduce unwanted binder pre-curing, buffering with the addition of alkali is recommended. However, it is imperative to check the pH values and buffer capacities of the fibers. In addition, the principle of adding phenolic resin in the gaseous state with subsequent treatment with formaldehyde and ammonia have proven to be uneconomical and difficult to implement industrially. The mechanical effort was too great; compared to blow-line gluing, there were no glue savings.
Zur Reduzierung des Leimverbrauchs wurde auch eine Verdünnung des Bindemittels auf einen Feststoffgehalt von 35 - 45 % empfohlen. Hierdurch sollte angeblich eine bessere Leimverteilung sowie eine geringere Voraushärtung des Bindemittels erfolgen, da durch die Verdampfungsenergie des Wassers die Fasern abgekühlt werden. Jedoch führte auch dieser Vorschlag in der Praxis nicht zu positiven Ergebnissen.To reduce the glue consumption, it was also recommended to dilute the binder to a solids content of 35 - 45%. This should supposedly result in better glue distribution and less pre-curing of the binder, since the fibers are cooled by the evaporation energy of the water. However, this proposal did not lead to positive results in practice either.
Übereinstimmend wird aber das Bindemittels stets auf die nassen und heißen Fasern aufgebracht; ein Bindemittelverlust z. B. durch Voraushärtung und Hydrolyse sowie durch Faserablagerungen im Trockner wurde als offenbar unvermeidlich in Kauf genommen.However, the binder is always applied to the wet and hot fibers; a loss of binder z. B. by pre-curing and hydrolysis as well as by fiber deposits in the dryer was accepted as apparently inevitable.
Die EP 0 728 562 A2 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Holzwerkstoffplatten aus Holzfasern oder beispielsweise MDF- Platten aus Holzfasern. Hierbei werden die zuvor aufbereiteten Fasern zunächst einem Trockner zugeführt, von wo aus sie mittels Lufttransport in einen Faserbunker gelangen. Dort erfolgt eine Feuchtemessung, deren Ausgangssignal den Trockner steuert. Aus dem Faserbunker werden die Fasern in eine Förderleitung zugeführt, wo sie eine Massenbestimmungsstation durchlaufen, bevor sie eine Benetzungszone erreichen. In der Benetzungszone ist zumindest eine Beleimungsdüse angeordnet, die mit einer Hochdruckpumpe verbunden ist und Leim in die Förderleitung einsprühen kann. Nach der Beleimung durchlaufen die beleimten Fasern einen Sichter und werden anschließend pneumatisch einem Streubunker zugeführt, der einer Formstation zugeordnet ist. Dort werden die beleimten Fasern zu einer Matte gestreut und anschließend zu Platten verpreßt. Vor der Benetzungszone verjüngt sich die genannte Förderleitung in Förderrichtung gesehen entsprechend einer Venturidüse auf einen verkleinerten Durchmesser, der in einen Diffusorabschnitt mündet, der sich in Strömungsrichtung gesehen zunächst bauchförmig erweitert, wobei sich an dieser Erweiterung dann eine Verjüngung auf einen kleineren Durchmesser anschließt, der dem anfänglichen Durchmesser der Förderleitung entspricht. In einem Bereich des Diffusorabschnit- tes, in dem sich der Querschnitt vergrößert, sind mehrere, gleichmäßig am Umfang verteilte Beleimungsdüsen derart angeordnet, daß die vorbeistörmenden Fasern von dem eingesprühten Leimnebel benetzt werden. Um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Benetzung zu erzielen, ist der Sprühkegel jeder Beleimungsdüse sowie ihre Ausrichtung in bezug auf die horizontal verlaufende Mittelachse der Förderleitung jeweils verstellbar. Die Beleimung kann bei Raumtemperatur stattfinden oder aber auch in einem vorgewärmten Luftström mit Temperaturen unter 100° C, vorzugsweise 50° bis 75° C durchgeführt werden, um möglichst viel Wärmeenergie in die zu streuende Fasermatte zu bringen.EP 0 728 562 A2 discloses a method for producing wood-based panels from wood fibers or, for example, MDF boards from wood fibers. Here, the previously processed fibers are first fed to a dryer, from where they reach a fiber bunker by air transport. There is a moisture measurement, the output signal of which controls the dryer. The fibers are fed from the fiber bunker into a conveyor line, where they pass through a mass determination station before they reach a wetting zone. At least one glue nozzle is arranged in the wetting zone, which is connected to a high-pressure pump and can spray glue into the delivery line. After the gluing, the glued fibers pass through a classifier and are then pneumatically fed to a litter bin, which is assigned to a forming station. There, the glued fibers are scattered into a mat and then pressed into plates. In front of the wetting zone, the conveying line mentioned narrows in the conveying direction according to a Venturi nozzle to a reduced diameter, which opens into a diffuser section, which initially widens in the direction of the flow as seen in the direction of flow, with this widening then being followed by a taper to a smaller diameter which corresponds to the initial diameter of the delivery line. In a region of the diffuser section in which the cross section increases, a plurality of glueing nozzles, which are evenly distributed on the circumference, are arranged in such a way that the passing fibers are wetted by the sprayed-in glue mist. In order to achieve as uniform a wetting as possible, the spray cone of each glue nozzle and its orientation with respect to the horizontal central axis of the delivery line can be adjusted. The gluing can take place at room temperature or else in a preheated air stream at temperatures below 100 ° C., preferably 50 ° to 75 ° C., in order to bring as much thermal energy as possible into the fiber mat to be scattered.
Der Erfindung liegt erneut die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei der Herstellung von MDF-Platten den Bindemittelverbrauch zu reduzieren.The object of the invention is once again to reduce the consumption of binder in the production of MDF boards.
Ausgehend von dem eingangs beschriebenen Verfahren wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Endabschnitt des Rohrtrockners als Leim-Benetzungszone ausgebildet wird, in der durch Vergrößerung des Rohrtrockner-Strömungsquerschnitts die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Fasergemisches reduziert und dadurch eine turbulente Strömung erzeugt wird, deren Turbulenz durch Eindüsen zusätzlicher Luft erhöht wird, die gleichzeitig mit der Eindüsung des Bindemittels mit diesem axial in das Zentrum der Benetzungszone eingedüst wird, deren Länge etwa 5 bis 10 mal größer ist als ihr Durchmesser.Based on the method described in the introduction, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the end section of the tube dryer is designed as a glue wetting zone, in which the transport velocity of the fiber mixture is reduced by enlarging the tube dryer flow cross-section and a turbulent flow is thereby generated, the turbulence of which is generated by injection additional air is increased, which is injected simultaneously with the injection of the binder axially into the center of the wetting zone, the length of which is approximately 5 to 10 times greater than its diameter.
Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Luft-Eindüsung ringförmig um die Bindemittel-Eindüsung herum und vorzugsweise unter gleichem Winkel erfolgt. Anstelle der bisher propagierten und allgemein angewandten Blow- line-Beleimung soll also erfindungsgemäß eine Rohrtrockner- Beleimung vorgesehen werden, durch die die bisherigen Nachteile vermieden werden. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Beleimung der bereits getrockneten und weitgehend abgekühlten Fasern im Endabschnitt des Rohrtrockners werden eine Bindemittel-Voraushärtung sowie ein hydrolytischer Abbau des Bindemittels im Rohrtrockner vermieden. Durch die Erzeugung einer erhöhten Turbulenz in der Strömung mit Hilfe zusätzlich eingedüster Luft werden Strömungsverhältnisse geschaffen, die eine gleichmäßige Bindemittelverteilung gewährleisten. Durch die bezogen auf die Benutzungszone axiale Eindüsung des Bindemittels wird eine Rohrwandbenetzung und damit Anbackungen an der Rohrinnenwandung und Flecken in der Oberfläche der verpreßten Faserplatte vermieden. Dies wird durch eine ringförmig um die Bindemittel-Eindüsung herum vorgenommene Luft-Eindüsung noch vorteilhaft unterstützt.It is expedient if the air injection takes place in a ring around the binder injection and preferably at the same angle. Instead of the blowline glueing that has been propagated and generally used up to now, a tube dryer gluing is to be provided according to the invention, by means of which the previous disadvantages are avoided. The inventive glueing of the already dried and largely cooled fibers in the end section of the tube dryer avoids binder pre-curing and hydrolytic degradation of the binder in the tube dryer. By creating an increased turbulence in the flow with the help of additionally injected air, flow conditions are created which ensure an even distribution of binder. Due to the axial injection of the binder relative to the zone of use, pipe wall wetting and thus caking on the pipe inner wall and stains in the surface of the pressed fiber board are avoided. This is further advantageously supported by an air injection carried out in a ring around the binder injection.
Zur Erzeugung der gewünschten hohen Turbulenz ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Fasergemisches in der Leimbenetzungszone um etwa 100 % bis 300 % gegenüber der Transportgeschwindigkeit in der Trocknerzone reduziert wird.To generate the desired high turbulence, it is advantageous if the transport speed of the fiber mixture in the glue wetting zone is reduced by approximately 100% to 300% compared to the transport speed in the dryer zone.
Im Blasrohr weisen die nassen und heißen Fasern eine Temperatur von etwa 160 - 170 °C, eine Geschwindigkeit von etwa 100 m/s und eine Verweilzeit von ca. 0,1 - 0,3 s auf. Bei herkömmlichen Verfahren liegt die Trockner-Eingangstemperatur bei etwa 180 °C und die Trockner-Ausgangstemperatur bei etwa 65 °C, wobei das Fasergemisch innerhalb von 4 - 6 s auf eine Restfeuchte von 10 - 12 % getrocknet wird. Erfindungsgemäß muß aber die Feuchte der getrockneten Fasern im Vergleich zur Blow-line-Beleimung niedriger sein, da durch die Beleimung die Feuchte der Fasern ansteigt, aus technologischen Gründen jedoch die Endfeuchte der beleimten Fasern 10 - 12 % nicht überschreiten darf. Erfindungsgemäß wird daher vorgesehen, daß die Feuchte des Fasergemisches durch die Trocknung auf unter 20 %, vorzugsweise auf 2 - 10 % reduziert wird, so daß die Endfeuchte des beleimten Fasergemisches weniger als 30 %, vorzugsweise 8 - 12 % beträgt. Soweit sich hierdurch eine höhere Trockner-Ausgangstemperatur ergibt, ist es zur Vermeidung einer Bindemittel-Voraushärtung zweckmäßig, wenn unmittelbar vor und/oder nach bzw. während der Eindüsung des Bindemittels (über eine oder mehrere Düsen) das Fasergemisch auf eine Temperatur von 50 - 70 °C abgekühlt wird. Diese Abkühlung kann vorzugsweise dadurch erfolgen, daß die zur Eindüsung des Bindemittels eingesetzte Zerstäubungsluft und/oder das Bindemittel temperiert werden, wobei es vorteilhaft ist, wenn das Fasergemisch in der Benetzungszone sowie das hier eingedüste Bindemittel eine Temperatur von etwa 50° bis 70° C, vorzugsweise von etwa 60° C aufweisen. Ferner kann in diesem Zusammenhang vorgesehen werden, daß die zur Turbulenzerhöhung zusätzlich eingedüste Luft temperiert und/oder mit Feuchtigkeit versehen ist.In the blowpipe, the wet and hot fibers have a temperature of approximately 160-170 ° C, a speed of approximately 100 m / s and a residence time of approximately 0.1-0.3 s. In conventional processes, the dryer inlet temperature is approximately 180 ° C. and the dryer outlet temperature is approximately 65 ° C., the fiber mixture being dried to a residual moisture of 10-12% within 4-6 s. According to the invention, however, the moisture content of the dried fibers must be lower compared to blow-line gluing, since the gluing increases the moisture content of the fibers, but for technological reasons the final moisture content of the glued fibers must not exceed 10-12%. According to the invention it is therefore provided that the moisture of the fiber mixture is reduced to below 20%, preferably to 2-10% by drying, so that the final moisture content of the glued fiber mixture is less than 30%, preferably 8-12%. If this results in a higher dryer outlet temperature, it is advisable to avoid pre-curing of the binder if the fiber mixture is heated to a temperature of 50 - 70 immediately before and / or after or during the injection of the binder (via one or more nozzles) ° C is cooled. This cooling can preferably take place by tempering the atomizing air and / or the binder used to inject the binder, it being advantageous if the fiber mixture in the wetting zone and the binder injected here have a temperature of about 50 ° to 70 ° C. preferably have from about 60 ° C. Furthermore, it can be provided in this connection that the air additionally injected to increase turbulence is tempered and / or provided with moisture.
Das beleimte Fasergemisch wird in einem dem Rohrtrockner nachgeschalteten Zyklon von seiner Transportluft separiert, wobei dieser Zyklon unmittelbar an das Ende der Benetzungszone angeschlossen werden kann.The glued fiber mixture is separated from its transport air in a cyclone downstream of the tube dryer, which cyclone can be connected directly to the end of the wetting zone.
Als Bindemittel können alle organischen Bindemittel wie z. B. UF-, MUF-, MUPF-, MIUPF-, PF- und Tannin-Leimharze sowie PMDI- Klebstoffe eingesetzt werden. Ein Umbau bestehender MDF-Anlagen mit Blow-line-Beleimung auf die erfindungsgemäße Rohrtrockner- Beleimung ist problemlos möglich, da lediglich das Abschnittsende des modulierten Rohrtrockners ausgetauscht werden muß. Der hier einzusetzende Rohrabschnitt ist mit den erforderlichen Eindüsringen zu bestücken. Vorhandene Steuerungs- und Regeleinheiten der Blow-line-Beleimung können weiterhin genutzt werden.All organic binders such as e.g. B. UF, MUF, MUPF, MIUPF, PF and tannin glue resins and PMDI adhesives can be used. A conversion of existing MDF systems with blow-line gluing to the tube dryer gluing according to the invention is possible without any problems, since only the section end of the modulated tube dryer has to be replaced. The pipe section to be used here must be equipped with the necessary injection rings. Existing control and regulation units for blow-line gluing can still be used.
Die Rohrtrockner-Beleimung führt gegenüber der Blow-line-Beleimung zu erheblich geringeren Produktionskosten und zu qualitativ hochwertigen MDF-Platten. Bei der Herstellung von MDF-Platten betragen die Bindemittelkosten ca. 19 % der Produktionskosten (ohne Abschreibung und Zinsen) . Sie sind somit der zweitwichtigste Kostenfaktor. Bei einer Anlage mit einer Jahreskapazität von 250 000 m3 führt eine Senkung des Leimverbrauches von 1 % Fest- harz/atro Fasermasse zu Einsparungen von 1,5 Mio DM. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Rohrtrockner-Beleimung können gegenüber den herkömmlichen Verfahren bis zu 33 % Bindemittel eingespart werden. Dies ist bei Verwendung von Kunstharzbindemitteln nicht nur ökonomisch sondern auch ökologisch sinnvoll, da hierdurch natürliche Ressourcen geschont und die Okobilanz des Werkstoffes verbessert werden. Tube dryer glueing leads to significantly lower production costs and high-quality MDF boards compared to blow-line gluing. In the production of MDF boards, the binder costs amount to approx. 19% of the production costs (without depreciation and interest). They are the second most important cost factor. For a plant with an annual capacity of A reduction in glue consumption of 1% solid resin / atro fiber mass leads to savings of DM 1.5 million in 250,000 m 3. With the tube dryer gluing according to the invention, up to 33% binder can be saved compared to conventional methods. This makes sense not only economically but also ecologically when using synthetic resin binders, as this conserves natural resources and improves the material's ecological balance.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Verfahren zur Herstellung leichter, mitteldichter oder hochdichter Faserplatten (LDF, MDF, HDF) durch Heißverpressung einer aus beleimten Fasern geformten Faserplatte, wobei zur Erzeugung der Fasern Hackschnitzel mit Dampfüberdruck erweicht und dann zu Fasern aufgemahlen werden, die mit Dampfdruck durch eine Blow-line in einen Rohrtrockner gefördert und nach ihrer Trocknung einer Streumaschine o. dgl . zugeführt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Endabschnitt des Rohrtrockners als Leim-Benetzungszone ausgebildet wird, in der durch Vergrößerung des Rohrtrockner- Strömungsquerschnitts die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Fasergemisches reduziert und dadurch eine turbulente Strömung erzeugt wird, deren Turbulenz durch Eindüsen zusätzlicher Luft erhöht wird, die gleichzeitig mit der Eindüsung des Bindemittels mit diesem axial in das Zentrum der Benetzungszone eingedüst wird, deren Länge etwa 5 bis 10 mal größer ist als ihr Durchmesser.Process for the production of light, medium-density or high-density fiberboard (LDF, MDF, HDF) by hot pressing a fiberboard formed from glued fibers, whereby chips are softened with vapor overpressure to produce the fibers and then ground to fibers which are subjected to vapor pressure through a blow-line in promoted a tube dryer and after drying a spreader or the like. are fed, characterized in that the end section of the tube dryer is designed as a glue wetting zone in which, by enlarging the tube dryer flow cross-section, the transport speed of the fiber mixture is reduced and thereby a turbulent flow is generated, the turbulence of which is increased by injecting additional air which simultaneously with the injection of the binder, it is injected axially into the center of the wetting zone, the length of which is about 5 to 10 times greater than its diameter.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luft-Eindüsung ringförmig um die Bindemittel-Eindüsung herum und vorzugsweise unter gleichem Winkel erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air injection takes place in a ring around the binder injection and preferably at the same angle.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Fasergemisches in der Leimbenetzungszone um etwa 100 % bis 300 % gegenüber der Transportgeschwindigkeit in der Trocknerzone reduziert wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport speed of the fiber mixture in the glue wetting zone is reduced by approximately 100% to 300% compared to the transport speed in the dryer zone.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Eindüsung des Bindemittels eingesetzte Zerstäubungsluft und/oder das Bindemittel temperiert werden. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the atomizing air used to inject the binder and / or the binder are tempered.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fasergemisch in der Benetzungszone sowie das hier eingedüste Bindemittel eine Temperatur von etwa 50° bis 70° C, vorzugsweise von etwa 60° C aufweisen.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber mixture in the wetting zone and the binder injected here have a temperature of about 50 ° to 70 ° C, preferably of about 60 ° C.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Turbulenzerhöhung zusätzlich eingedüste Luft temperiert und/oder mit Feuchtigkeit versehen ist.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air additionally injected to increase turbulence is tempered and / or provided with moisture.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Feuchte des Fasergemisches durch die Trocknung auf unter 20 %, vorzugsweise auf 2 - 10 % reduziert wird, so daß die Endfeuchte des beleimten Fasergemisches weniger als 30 %, vorzugsweise 8 - 12 % beträgt.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the moisture of the fiber mixture is reduced by drying to below 20%, preferably to 2-10%, so that the final moisture content of the glued fiber mixture is less than 30%, preferably 8-12 % is.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das beleimte Fasergemisch in einem dem Rohrtrockner nachgeschalteten Zyklon von seiner Transportluft separiert wird. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glued fiber mixture is separated from its transport air in a cyclone downstream of the tube dryer.
PCT/DE1999/002054 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Method for producing medium density fibre panels WO2000007785A1 (en)

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KR1020007006992A KR20010033491A (en) 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Method for producing medium density fiber panels
IL13993299A IL139932A0 (en) 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Method for producing medium density fibre panels
AU58477/99A AU5847799A (en) 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Method for producing medium density fibre panels
CA002317513A CA2317513A1 (en) 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Method for producing medium density fibre panels
HU0101990A HUP0101990A3 (en) 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Method for producing medium density fibre panels
JP2000563445A JP2002522251A (en) 1998-08-05 1999-07-03 Manufacturing method of medium density board
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CN102785278A (en) * 2012-07-20 2012-11-21 宁波大世界家具研发有限公司 Equipment for manufacturing integral wooden door made of wood fiber composite material

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DE102007012691B4 (en) * 2007-03-13 2016-05-12 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Process for the production of wood fiber boards and LDF, MDF and HDF boards produced by this process
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CN102785278A (en) * 2012-07-20 2012-11-21 宁波大世界家具研发有限公司 Equipment for manufacturing integral wooden door made of wood fiber composite material

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