WO1999061754A2 - Centrale eolienne - Google Patents

Centrale eolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999061754A2
WO1999061754A2 PCT/DE1999/001567 DE9901567W WO9961754A2 WO 1999061754 A2 WO1999061754 A2 WO 1999061754A2 DE 9901567 W DE9901567 W DE 9901567W WO 9961754 A2 WO9961754 A2 WO 9961754A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
flow
wind
rotors
guide surfaces
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1999/001567
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Krauss
Original Assignee
Gunter Krauss
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gunter Krauss filed Critical Gunter Krauss
Priority to DE29980074U priority Critical patent/DE29980074U1/de
Priority to DE19980957T priority patent/DE19980957D2/de
Priority to AU51502/99A priority patent/AU5150299A/en
Publication of WO1999061754A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999061754A2/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F03D3/0409—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels surrounding the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flow energy installation for converting the energy of flowing fluids, in particular a wind energy installation according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a disadvantage of such wind energy plants is that the plants have to be very large in order to achieve high outputs.
  • systems with a rotor diameter of more than 40 m are required.
  • the disadvantage of these systems is that they require a high level of investment.
  • a stability problem arises with such large wind energy plants, among other things, due to the rotating or vibrating masses.
  • a further disadvantage of these wind energy plants is that they can only be used in a certain wind speed range. If the wind speeds are too low, the rotor is not set in motion or the efficiency of the energy conversion is too low. If the wind speeds are too high, in particular storms, wind turbines of this type must be switched off in order to prevent damage or destruction of the system due to the rotational speeds being too high and the vibrations associated therewith.
  • a wind turbine with horizontal and vertical rotors which work individually or in combination as mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic drives and whose segmental profiles are similar to the wind feed device.
  • This system has a rotor carrier, on which rotors rotating about vertical axes are arranged.
  • the rotors rotating about vertical axes have a central axial cylinder, on which radially extending rotor shields are arranged, the rotor shields being designed in the shape of a halved teardrop or arcuate or segment-shaped.
  • the flow utilization of the wind power is not optimal.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a flow energy system in which the energy, in particular the kinetic energy of the flowing medium, can be converted into other forms of energy with a high degree of efficiency.
  • one or more through-flow rotors are arranged on a rotor support at ground level or elevated on a mast.
  • a defined, predetermined flow against the flow-through rotors is achieved through wind deflection surfaces, in particular adjustable wind deflection surfaces.
  • These wind deflection surfaces are arranged circumferentially around the rotor or rotors, whereby it is ensured that the wind incident from one direction is optimally guided by the wind deflection flat onto the throughflow rotor or rotors.
  • the throughflow rotors can be arranged with their axis of rotation anywhere in the room, for example horizontally, inclined or vertically.
  • the throughflow rotors preferably rotate about a vertical axis of rotation.
  • one, two, three or more rotors, in particular four or six vertically oriented throughflow rotors can be arranged on a rotor carrier.
  • the rotors have a shaft mounted in the rotor carrier, which is aligned axially with the rotor axis.
  • electrical generators can be arranged on the shaft, with each rotor preferably acting on its own generator.
  • the rotors can also be combined into rotor groups, so that one rotor group acts on each generator.
  • the rotors with their rotor shafts can act on pumps which convey a fluid into a pressure accumulator, in a second energy conversion stage the fluid from the pressure accumulator being fed to a device driven by the fluid, which in turn drives an electrical generator.
  • the rotors can drive hydraulic pumps which affect a hydraulic oil pressure accumulator.
  • the rotor carrier is designed, for example, as a round or polygonal plate, an upper rotor carrier being provided vertically opposite, so that the rotors, which are distributed uniformly in or around the circumference of the rotor carrier, are rotatably supported both in the lower rotor carrier and in the upper rotor carrier are.
  • the wind deflector surfaces extend radially outward from the rotors at a slight radial distance, the wind deflector surfaces forming a funnel that narrows from the radially outer to the radially inward toward the rotor, with the funnel being, for example, of rectangular shape with a height adjacent to the rotor which corresponds to the height of the rotor and a width which is approximately half of the Corresponds to the width of the rotor.
  • at least one wind deflection surface is adjustable in such a way that the width of the funnel or the width of the window through which the wind can act on the rotor can be changed, in particular enlarged and reduced.
  • the energy of a flowing medium acting on the rotor can be used in a particularly effective manner and converted into other forms of energy due to the special arrangement of the wind deflection surfaces and the throughflow rotors.
  • the wind energy installation according to the invention operates essentially independently of the wind energy or the flow velocity of the air.
  • the flow energy system can also be used in water flows.
  • a particular advantage of the wind power installation according to the invention is that it can be built very compactly, for example a size of 8 m in height and 4 m in diameter can be achieved. With this size, which corresponds to a fraction of the size of conventional wind power plants, outputs can be achieved which at least correspond to the maximum achievable outputs of conventional wind power plants and even exceed them.
  • FIG. 1 shows a through-flow rotor for use in the flow energy system according to the invention with three rotor surfaces in a partially sectioned top view
  • FIG. 2 shows a throughflow rotor according to FIG. 1 in a side view
  • FIG. 3 shows a wind turbine with a central through-flow rotor and wind deflection surfaces in a partially sectioned side view
  • 4 shows a further embodiment of a wind energy installation according to the invention with six throughflow rotors and adjustable wind deflection surfaces
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a wind energy installation with four throughflow rotors and rigid and adjustable wind deflection surfaces
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a wind energy installation with a rotor and wind deflection surfaces in a schematic plan view
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a rotor in a side view
  • FIG. 8 shows a rotor according to FIG. 7 in a sectional schematic plan view
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a rotor according to FIG. 1 with compartments in a partially sectioned plan view of a compartment floor of the rotor.
  • a rotor 1 for use in a wind energy installation has two opposing, circular disk-shaped and axially aligned rotor disks 2, which are connected to one another by a central, axial, elongated cylindrical axis 3.
  • Three rotor surfaces 4 are arranged between the rotor disks 2.
  • the rotor surfaces 4 are strip-shaped, arched and extend from the circumference of the rotor disks 2 a curved or curved line describing the interior of the space delimited between the rotor disks 2, an inner free longitudinal edge 5 of the rotor surfaces 4 being arranged at a distance from the axis 3.
  • An outer longitudinal edge 6 of the rotor surface 4 ends with the circumference of the rotor disks 2.
  • a concave surface 7 and a convex surface 8 are formed between the longitudinal edges 5, 6.
  • the inner longitudinal edges 5 of the rotor surfaces 4 point to the concave surface 7 of the next rotor surface 4 adjacent in the direction of rotation 11, the distance between the inner longitudinal edge 5 and the axis 3 being approximately the distance between this longitudinal edge
  • Axial central bearing bolts or bearing shafts 10 are arranged on the outer surfaces 9 of the rotor disks 2 or on the surfaces 9 of the rotor disks 2 facing away from the rotor surfaces 4, by means of which the rotor 1 is connected to a hydraulic oil pump, water pump, a generator or the like (not shown) can.
  • a rotor 1 is arranged on a rotor carrier 15, the rotor carrier consisting of a lower rotor holder 16 and an upper rotor holder 17.
  • the rotor 1 or the axle bolts 10 of the rotor 1 are rotatably mounted in axial bearings in the rotor seats 16, 17.
  • the rotor receptacles 16, 17 each have a plate 18 which extends beyond the outer circumference of the rotor 1 or the rotor disks 2.
  • the plates 18 can be round, square or polygonal.
  • Wind deflection surfaces 20 are arranged on the plates 18 of the rotor supports 15 and on the rotor supports 15.
  • the wind deflection surfaces 20 are flat, flat, radially outwardly facing plate-shaped structures which are, for example, egg-shaped, kidney-shaped, rounded or polygonal.
  • the wind deflection surfaces 20 project upwards and downwards at least in some areas beyond the rotor carriers 15. For example, 6 to 18 wind deflection surfaces 20 are arranged around the rotor 1 on the rotor carrier.
  • the rotor support 15 with rotor 1 and wind deflection surfaces 20 is placed on a mast 25, which is fixedly arranged in the ground, in particular with a foundation 26.
  • a central rotor but also several, in particular three, four or six, rotors can be arranged on a common rotor carrier 15 (FIGS. 4, 5), wherein in the rotor carrier 15 generators for power generation can be non-positively connected to the axle bolts 10 of each rotor.
  • generators for generating electrical energy hydraulic pumps, water pumps or the like (not shown) can also be arranged on the axle bolts, in particular in the region of the lower rotor mount 16.
  • the rotor mounts 16, 17 are, for example, hexagonal and vertically aligned, the rotor mounts 16, 17 being connected to a central axis 30.
  • strip-like or flat flat flat wind deflector surfaces 31 are arranged, which extend from the lower rotor holder 16 to the upper rotor holder 17, the surface of the wind deflector surfaces 31 being radial from the center of symmetry of the rotor holders 16, 17 or of the axis 30 extend outwards in such a way that the angles 32 of the rotor seats 16, 17 are halved.
  • Rotors 1 are arranged between the wind deflection surfaces 31 or between the corner regions of the rotor receptacles 16, 17, the rotors 1 or the rotor disks 2 being spaced slightly apart from the outer edges 33 of the rotor receptacles 16.
  • Wind deflecting surfaces 36 are arranged on the wind deflecting surfaces 31 and extend from the outer edges 37 of the wind deflecting surfaces 31 to the outer edges 33 of the rotor mounts 16, 17.
  • the wind deflector surfaces 36 are slidably supported along the edges 33 in the manner of sliding guides, and on the outer edges 37 of the wind deflector surfaces 31, the wind deflector surfaces 36 are rotatably supported.
  • the wind deflector surfaces 36 are, for example, by radially extending and retracting radially sliding surfaces 31 or by means of linear actuators operating in the same way for non-displaceable surfaces 31 so that the distance between the longitudinal edges 38 of the surfaces 36 arranged in the region of the edges 33 of the rotor receptacles 16, 17 can be changed from the wind deflector surface 31 closest in the direction of rotation 11 of the rotors .
  • upper and lower funnel surfaces (not shown) extend obliquely downwards and upwards obliquely from the upper and lower ends of the rotors 1 and rotor disks 2, respectively, so that the surfaces 31, 36 and the upper and lower funnel surfaces form a wind funnel that the wind passes through.
  • the controllable distance of the edge 38 from the surface 31 allows the air flow to be directed in a targeted manner to rotor surfaces moving away from the air flow, so that rotor surfaces 4 moving in the wind direction are located in the slipstream of the surfaces 36.
  • the flow velocity of the air can be increased by further reducing the distance; If the speed of the rotors becomes too high, the surfaces 31 can be extended radially outward, so that the surfaces 36 rest against the surfaces 31 and the wind funnel is opened completely. As a result, the rotors are exposed to the air flow over their entire surface, as a result of which, for reasons of flow physics, the rotor speed is reduced compared to the covering of the rotor surfaces 4 running against the wind direction.
  • FIG. 5 In a further embodiment (FIG. 5), four rotors are arranged on a rotor carrier 15 with rotor mounts (not shown), which are each arranged at a distance from a central axis of the rotor carrier 15.
  • fixed wind deflector elements 45 are arranged between the rotor receptacles and the rotors, which have an irregularly angular shape.
  • flat, curved wind deflector surfaces 46 in particular three wind deflector surfaces 46 each, are arranged circumferentially on the rotor support, which are arranged against the direction of rotation 11 of the rotors and run obliquely from the radial to the outside.
  • FIG. 6 In a further embodiment of a flow energy system (FIG. 6), only a central, large rotor 1 is present, the wind deflection surfaces 20 being inclined away from the radial against the direction of rotation 11 of the rotor 1. It is also possible to double the number of wind deflection surfaces 20 instead of the six wind deflection surfaces 20 shown, the inclination of the wind deflection surfaces 20 to the radial preferably being variable individually or together.
  • a further embodiment (Fig. 7, 8) of the rotor 1 only two rotor surfaces 4 are arranged, the rotor surfaces 4 being semicircularly curved rotor surfaces 4, which are offset with respect to a vertical plane 49 of the rotor 1 to the central longitudinal axis 3, the inner ones Longitudinal edges 5 of the surfaces 4 each point to the concave surfaces 7 of the rotor surfaces 4.
  • the radius of the surfaces 4 is smaller than the radius of the disk 2 and is in particular approximately 2/3 of the length of the radius of the disk 2.
  • a rotor 1 can also be designed with three or more rotor surfaces 4.
  • the rotor surfaces 4 can also have a cross-sectional shape that deviates from the semicircular arc shape, in particular a semi-teardrop shape.
  • a rotor 1 FIG. 9
  • flat-plate-shaped bottoms 50 which are arranged parallel to the rotor disks 2, are arranged on the rotor surfaces 4 at regular intervals between the plates 2.
  • the bottoms 50 have a shape which is delimited by the rotor surfaces 4 and by lines running from the inner longitudinal edges 5 of the rotor surfaces 4 to the outer longitudinal edges 6 of the next rotor surface 4.
  • compartments 50 or pockets open to the rotor interior are formed on the rotor surfaces 4 by the bottoms, as a result of which fluid movement in the axial direction of the rotor 1 is prevented. This causes an increase in the efficiency of the flow energy utilization of the arrangement.
  • the flow path of a fluid through the throughflow rotor 1 is shown by an arrow 51.
  • the rotor surfaces 4 can be made of metal or plastic, in particular clear plastic such as polymethyl methacrylate.
  • the rotor disks 2 can also be made of metal or plastic, and the axes 3, which connect the rotor disks 2 to one another, can also be made of plastic or metal, but in particular of clear plastic.
  • the rotor carrier 15 can be flat, in particular plate-shaped or hollow box-shaped elements, in which the devices for energy conversion, in particular generators, hydraulic, water or air pumps are arranged.
  • the rotor carriers 15 with rotor mounts 16, 17 can be made of metal or plastic, the rotor carriers also being made of carriers or struts.
  • the wind deflection surfaces can be made of solid metals, in particular light metals or plastics.
  • wind deflection surfaces can be made of metal or plastic profile frames, which are covered with textiles, in particular highly tear-resistant synthetic fiber textiles.
  • the windage surfaces can in particular be colored or with colored coatings, in particular with rounded, radially outward existing wind deflecting surfaces with a green coloring can give a tree-like impression.
  • the flow energy systems according to the invention can be driven by flowing fluids, such as air or water, the spatial arrangement of the rotor axes being able to take place in a variety of ways.
  • the energy of a flowing medium can be converted into kinetic energy of the rotors in an optimized manner. It is particularly advantageous here that the operation in wind energy plants is so quiet that the movement noises of the throughflow rotors in connection with the wind deflection surfaces lie under wind noises which are generated by the wind flowing around the plant. In addition, it is advantageous that systems of this type manage with a high degree of efficiency and very high power output with a very small size, in particular for example a size of 10 height and 8 m width.
  • the flow energy systems according to the invention achieve a high degree of efficiency even at very low flow velocities, the area of application towards higher flow velocities being almost unlimited, since the circulating masses circulate almost their respective axes of rotation. Any unbalances that may be present are therefore less noticeable than in large wind turbines with two-blade or multi-blade rotors rotating about horizontal axes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour la transformation de l'énergie de fluides en écoulement, notamment une éolienne, qui comporte au moins un rotor cylindrique oblong parcouru par un écoulement. L'axe de rotor est sensiblement perpendiculaire à un sens d'écoulement du fluide, et au moins dans la zone du rotor tournée vers l'écoulement sont disposées des surfaces de guidage d'écoulement, lesquelles sont placées de manière divergente sur le dispositif à l'encontre du sens d'écoulement du fluide, pour exposer le rotor au fluide dans une zone de souffle prédéterminée.
PCT/DE1999/001567 1998-05-26 1999-05-25 Centrale eolienne WO1999061754A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29980074U DE29980074U1 (de) 1998-05-26 1999-05-25 Strömungsenergieanlage
DE19980957T DE19980957D2 (de) 1998-05-26 1999-05-25 Strömungsenergieanlage
AU51502/99A AU5150299A (en) 1998-05-26 1999-05-25 Fluidic Energy Plant

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1998123473 DE19823473A1 (de) 1998-05-26 1998-05-26 Strömungsenergieanlage
DE19823473.2980526 1998-05-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999061754A2 true WO1999061754A2 (fr) 1999-12-02

Family

ID=7868954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1999/001567 WO1999061754A2 (fr) 1998-05-26 1999-05-25 Centrale eolienne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5150299A (fr)
DE (3) DE19823473A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999061754A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003027497A1 (fr) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Fumiro Kaneda Équipement pour éolienne verticale à trois pales

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19920560A1 (de) 1999-05-05 1999-08-26 Themel Windkraftanlage mit Vertikalrotor
DE19957141B4 (de) * 1999-11-27 2013-05-16 Christel Wagenknecht Windkraftanlage mit Vertikalrotor und Frontalanströmung
AU2003242304A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-12-02 Hidemi Kurita Vertical shaft driving device for vertical shaft wind mills or the like, and electric power generator using the same
DE202006013779U1 (de) * 2006-09-08 2008-01-24 AeroVigor Hungária Kft. Windkraftanlage
DE112007003687A5 (de) 2007-08-10 2010-07-22 Krauss, Gunter Strömungsenergieanlage, insbesondere Windkraftanlage
DE102007049590A1 (de) * 2007-10-15 2009-04-16 Emmanuel Ouranos Drei- oder vierblättrige Vertikal-Windturbinen, mit oder ohne darüber angebrachtem Kollektor
DE102009028822A1 (de) * 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 Valentin Biermann Windturbinenanordnung
DE102009028820A1 (de) * 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 Valentin Biermann Windturbine
ITPI20130067A1 (it) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-13 Treecube S R L Turbina eolica ad asse verticale

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003027497A1 (fr) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Fumiro Kaneda Équipement pour éolienne verticale à trois pales
US7220107B2 (en) 2001-09-25 2007-05-22 Fumio Kaneda Three blade type vertical windmill device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19823473A1 (de) 1999-12-02
DE19980957D2 (de) 2001-01-04
DE29980074U1 (de) 2000-06-08
AU5150299A (en) 1999-12-13

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