WO1999060260A1 - Dispositif de recirculation des gaz d'echappement et moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif de recirculation des gaz d'echappement et moteur a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999060260A1
WO1999060260A1 PCT/SE1999/000728 SE9900728W WO9960260A1 WO 1999060260 A1 WO1999060260 A1 WO 1999060260A1 SE 9900728 W SE9900728 W SE 9900728W WO 9960260 A1 WO9960260 A1 WO 9960260A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
egr
exhaust manifold
exhaust
arrangement
duct
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1999/000728
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jörgen Mårdberg
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ) filed Critical Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ)
Publication of WO1999060260A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999060260A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
    • F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
    • F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/59—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/38—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with two or more EGR valves disposed in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/39—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with two or more EGR valves disposed in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/40—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with timing means in the recirculation passage, e.g. cyclically operating valves or regenerators; with arrangements involving pressure pulsations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement in accordance with the preamble to patent claim 1. It relates also to a combustion engine incorporating such an arrangement.
  • a known practice in combustion engines is to feed exhaust gases back to the engine inlet in order to reduce the nitrogen oxides content of the exhaust.
  • the exhaust gases fed back have the effect of lowering the combustion temperature and hence reducing the proportion of the sulphur in the inlet air which can be converted to nitrogen oxides.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • diesel engines however, this technique has not become so widely used, because diesel engines have particular problems which make it impossible to apply directly to them solutions which apply to Otto engines.
  • short route EGR the exhaust gases are taken from a point upstream from an exhaust turbine arranged in the exhaust system and are fed back at a point downstream from an inlet air compressor arranged in the inlet system.
  • long route EGR the exhaust gases are taken from a point downstream from the exhaust turbine and are fed back at a point upstream from the inlet air compressor.
  • An advantage of the short route solution is the possibility of avoiding fouling of a charge air cooler for the inlet air.
  • a disadvantage of the short route solution is that it requires some form of pressure-increasing arrangement because the exhaust gases are fed back at a point where the pressure is normally higher than the pressure prevailing in the exhaust manifold of the exhaust system.
  • a known practice is to use a separate supercharging unit to bring about this increase in the pressure of the exhaust gases, as described, for example, in WO96/18030 and WO96/18031.
  • a disadvantage of those solutions is the need for the extra supercharging unit or some other pressure-increasing device, which makes those solutions both expensive and bulky. The power used for driving these arrangements increases the engine's fuel consumption.
  • JP 08232771 -A refers to an engine with an EGR line which incorporates a directional valve, an EGR chamber and an EGR control valve. That arrangement is intended, however, to reduce exhaust pulse fluctuation so that a steady flow is achieved.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate the problems of the state of the art when using a solution for exhaust gas feedback according to the short route alternative in a supercharged diesel engine.
  • the invention thus aims to make effective exhaust gas feedback possible without using a separate supercharging unit or other pressure- increasing device for the exhaust gases fed back.
  • the invention makes it possible for the momentary pressure peaks which normally occur in the exhaust manifold to be used for transferring exhaust gases to the engine's inlet pipe, which, owing to supercharging, has a relatively high inlet pressure.
  • the need to provide a charging compressor or the like for feeding the EGR gases in is thus eliminated, thereby simplifying and reducing the cost of the installation, while at the same time maintaining low fuel consumption.
  • Providing check valves at the connection to each turbine inlet duct is a simple and effective means of utilising a considerable proportion of the pulse energy deriving from all the cylinders connected to the respective exhaust manifold section.
  • Arranging a deflector which penetrates into each turbine inlet duct ensures effective utilisation of the pulse energy. It may be mentioned here that the design of the deflectors can be optimised to achieve a desired EGR flow, possibly even so that in certain applications the EGR control valve becomes superfluous.
  • the invention results in easy assembly and freedom from maintenance. Arranging the check valves so that during operation they are closed by (oblique) flow in the opposite direction makes it possible to dispense with return springs and the like, thereby also resulting freedom from losses as the gases pass the check valves. Connecting the transfer line after the charge air cooler means that fouling, obstruction and corrosion are avoided at that point.
  • Fig.l depicts an arrangement according to the invention in a turbine adapter
  • Fig.2 depicts schematically a diagram of the pressure in an exhaust manifold as a function of time.
  • the embodiment described relates to a four-stroke turbocharged combustion engine of diesel type intended as the drive engine for a heavy-duty vehicle such as a truck or a bus.
  • the engine is multi-cylinder and has the cylinders divided into two groups, e.g. as is usual in engines of V8 type or in an in-line six-cylinder engine in which the cylinders are correspondingly divided into two groups.
  • the reference notation 1 denotes generally an arrangement for exhaust gas feedback (EGR feedback) whereby a two-part exhaust manifold (not depicted in its entirety), referable to the engine and the respective cylinder groups, incorporates respective first and second turbine inlet ducts 2 and 2'.
  • the arrows 3, 3' denote the direction of flow to the turbine (and thereafter also to an exhaust pipe) and the arrows 4 and 4' respectively denote the direction of the exhaust gases leaving the respective groups of cylinders.
  • Each turbine inlet duct forming part of the respective exhaust manifold sections has connected to it an EGR draw-off duct 5,5' which incorporates a deflector 6,6' directed against the direction of flow in the exhaust manifold sections.
  • the EGR draw-off ducts should be as short as possible and without unnecessary bends and be such that exhaust pressure pulses in the exhaust manifold sections effectively drive the gases through these EGR draw-off ducts to a check valve 8,8' provided at the end of each duct.
  • the check valves are themselves fastened to respective articulated arms 9,9' which are articulatedly connected by hinge pins 10,10' to the inside wall of a housing which delineates an EGR chamber 7.
  • stop devices are provided, in the form in this embodiment of supporting projections 12 mounted on a supporting bracket 11.
  • Fig.l shows the lower portion of the check valve 8' resting against the associated supporting projections, while the check valve 8 in the upper part of the diagram is sealing off the EGR draw-off duct.
  • the check valves 8,8' are of poppet valve type so that when gas pressure inside the EGR chamber 7 exceeds the pressure in the EGR draw-off duct the result is check valve closure, while the opposite condition results in check valve opening.
  • the EGR draw-off ducts 5,5' are so designed and the check valves 8,8' are so positioned relative to one another that an exhaust pulse from an exhaust manifold section which passes one of the check valves is steered towards the rear of the second check valve in order to bring about said closure.
  • the inlet to the EGR chamber 7, the geometric configuration of the EGR chamber and the suspension of the check valves are adapted so that this steering occurs in practice.
  • the outlet from the EGR chamber 7 is controlled by an EGR control valve 13 which closes against a valve seat 14 which faces into the chamber.
  • This design is preferred for ensuring sufficient and reliable tightness during exhaust braking.
  • Reference 15 denotes the outlet from the EGR chamber to the other part of the transfer duct.
  • the EGR control valve is advantageously controlled separately and preferably pneumatically in response to signals indicating the operating state of the engine.
  • Fig.2 depicts schematically the relationship between the pressure p in the exhaust manifold as a function of time t. It shows that the pressure fluctuates over time. Also, p m denotes the mean pressure in the exhaust manifold, pi denotes the charge air pressure and p 0 denotes the desired pressure in the transfer line which is necessary and also desirable for achieving the intended EGR transfer. According to the invention, the energy in the exhaust gas pulse peaks (marked by shading in Fig.2) is thus utilised, which means that there is no need to use any pressure-increasing device such as a supercharging unit or the like.
  • EGR control valve may be omitted, e.g. if the deflectors 6 are matched so that an acceptable EGR flow can be achieved.
  • Exhaust braking needs some form of shutoff valve, which may nevertheless, at least theoretically, be situated anywhere along the extent of the transfer line.
  • valve bodies move easily and yet be reliable and provide a reliable tightness. This may be achieved, for example, by the articulations 10,10' being made somewhat loose, which means that movements will automatically result in the articulations being subjected to some cleaning effect.
  • the check valves should in addition be as light as possible and preferably unsprung. Titanium alloys are suitable materials for the moving parts in order to limit the moving mass. Other materials used in connection with exhaust brake valves/waste-gate valves may also be used, and in this context it may be noted that the smaller the moving mass, the quicker the reaction, i.e. the opening/closing of the check valves. Absence of springing minimises the flow resistance.
  • the hinge pins may be oriented vertically, horizontally or at any intermediate angle depending on the characteristics desired for the opening process. If the hinge pins run vertically, the weight of the valves is absorbed by the supports in such a way that gravity does not affect the opening or closing force required. With horizontally oriented hinge pins, gravity acts in a closing or opening direction, depending on the orientation of the device. The design indicated thus makes the articulation loose while still resulting in reliable tightness at the check valve seats. This reduces the risk of jamming and results in insensitivity to temperature changes.
  • the transfer line after the EGR chamber 7 incorporates an EGR cooler (not depicted) to bring the temperature of the EGR gases down to a desired low level.
  • an EGR cooler (not depicted) to bring the temperature of the EGR gases down to a desired low level. Connecting the inlet from the transfer line downstream from the charge air cooler means that fouling of the latter can be avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (1) dans un moteur à combustion suralimenté muni d'un collecteur d'échappement (2). Une ligne de transfert (5, 5', 15) de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (RGE) disposée entre le collecteur d'échappement et le côté admission du moteur comprend des éléments à clapet de retenue (8, 8') qui sont insérés pour permettre un écoulement à partir du collecteur d'échappement. Le dispositif se caractérise en ce qu'il est conçu pour s'insérer dans un collecteur d'échappement divisé intégrant deux canalisations d'entrée des gaz d'échappement séparés (2, 2') chacune formant partie de la section du collecteur d'échappement; que la ligne de transfert incorpore une canalisation de vidange RGE (5, 5') partant de chaque canalisation d'entrée des gaz d'échappement vers une chambre RGE (7); que l'élément à clapet de retenue comprend deux clapets de retenue (8, 8') insérés chacun dans l'entrée correspondante de la canalisation de vidange RGE dans la chambre RGE, tandis que la pression dans le collecteur d'échappement (2, 2') pendant l'occurrence des impulsions d'échappement momentanées est arrangée pour s'utiliser aux fins de la recirculation des gaz d'échappement.
PCT/SE1999/000728 1998-05-04 1999-05-03 Dispositif de recirculation des gaz d'echappement et moteur a combustion interne WO1999060260A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9801545-6 1998-05-04
SE9801545A SE510156C2 (sv) 1998-05-04 1998-05-04 Anordning för avgasåterföring vid förbränningsmotor samt förbränningsmotor med en sådan anordning

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999060260A1 true WO1999060260A1 (fr) 1999-11-25

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PCT/SE1999/000728 WO1999060260A1 (fr) 1998-05-04 1999-05-03 Dispositif de recirculation des gaz d'echappement et moteur a combustion interne

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SE (1) SE510156C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999060260A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7357125B2 (en) * 2005-10-26 2008-04-15 Honeywell International Inc. Exhaust gas recirculation system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01177446A (ja) * 1987-12-28 1989-07-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 排気ターボ過給エンジンの排気再循環装置
WO1996018031A1 (fr) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-13 Scania Cv Aktiebolag Dispositif pour le retour des gaz d'echappement dans des moteurs suralimentes avec des turbines paralleles
WO1996018030A1 (fr) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-13 Scania Cv Aktiebolag Dispositif de retour de gaz d'echappement dans des moteurs suralimentes comportant des turbines en serie
JPH08232771A (ja) * 1995-02-28 1996-09-10 Suzuki Motor Corp 排気再循環装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01177446A (ja) * 1987-12-28 1989-07-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 排気ターボ過給エンジンの排気再循環装置
WO1996018031A1 (fr) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-13 Scania Cv Aktiebolag Dispositif pour le retour des gaz d'echappement dans des moteurs suralimentes avec des turbines paralleles
WO1996018030A1 (fr) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-13 Scania Cv Aktiebolag Dispositif de retour de gaz d'echappement dans des moteurs suralimentes comportant des turbines en serie
JPH08232771A (ja) * 1995-02-28 1996-09-10 Suzuki Motor Corp 排気再循環装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7357125B2 (en) * 2005-10-26 2008-04-15 Honeywell International Inc. Exhaust gas recirculation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9801545D0 (sv) 1998-05-04
SE9801545L (sv) 1999-04-26
SE510156C2 (sv) 1999-04-26

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