WO1999058916A1 - Exchanger-shelves for display refrigerating cabinet and refrigerating cabinet produced with such shelves - Google Patents

Exchanger-shelves for display refrigerating cabinet and refrigerating cabinet produced with such shelves Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999058916A1
WO1999058916A1 PCT/FR1999/001149 FR9901149W WO9958916A1 WO 1999058916 A1 WO1999058916 A1 WO 1999058916A1 FR 9901149 W FR9901149 W FR 9901149W WO 9958916 A1 WO9958916 A1 WO 9958916A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shelf
shelves
refrigeration unit
double wall
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1999/001149
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Denis Clodic
Original Assignee
Austria Haus Technik Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Austria Haus Technik Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Austria Haus Technik Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to AU36121/99A priority Critical patent/AU3612199A/en
Priority to EP99918066A priority patent/EP1076799A1/en
Publication of WO1999058916A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999058916A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/02—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves
    • F25D25/028—Cooled supporting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0482—Details common to both closed and open types
    • A47F3/0486—Details common to both closed and open types for charging, displaying or discharging the articles
    • A47F3/0491—Cooled shelves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0439—Cases or cabinets of the open type
    • A47F3/0443—Cases or cabinets of the open type with forced air circulation
    • A47F2003/046—Cases or cabinets of the open type with forced air circulation with shelves having air ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/066—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply
    • F25D2317/0665—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply from the top

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refrigerated display cabinets. It relates more particularly to the shelves for refrigerated display cabinets and to the refrigerated display cabinets produced by means of such shelves.
  • the temperature differences in refrigerated display cabinets are particularly high, the EN441-6 standard tolerates, for the best performing category of positive temperature cabinets, average temperature variations between - 1 ° C and +5 ° C, i.e. an interval of 6 ° C, and variations between + 1 ° C and + 10 ° C, or an interval of 9 ° C, for the lowest performing category.
  • the temperature difference between the maximum average (- 15 ° C) and minimum (- 18 ° C) temperatures is 3 ° C.
  • Some pieces of furniture only maintain temperatures between - 12 ° C and -18 ° C.
  • imprecision in maintaining temperatures leads to serious public health problems.
  • Refrigerated display cabinets are designed to maintain the temperature of the products which are placed at a suitable initial temperature.
  • the cooling capacity necessary to maintain the temperature of the cabinet compensates for the heat losses due to the temperature difference between the entire structure of the cabinet and the ambient air.
  • the essential item of energy consumption comes from the induction of hot air from the room in the ventilation circuit of the cabinet. Repeated temperature measurements in sales areas indicate a very wide variability in temperatures, probably greater than that authorized by the standard. The air distribution is therefore not suitable.
  • the shelf comprises a double wall in which circulates, from the rear to the front of the refrigeration unit, a refrigerant, especially refrigerant air.
  • a rigid honeycomb structure located at the front of the shelf distributes the cooling air on the front and creates a curtain of fresh air.
  • the temperature differences between the products displayed vary according to their location on the shelves.
  • the cooling air circulates from the bottom to the top, from the lower shelf to the upper shelf.
  • the shelf of the refrigeration unit comprises a double wall in which circulates, from the rear to the front of the refrigeration unit, a refrigerant fluid in particular air.
  • the lower wall of the double wall has orifices.
  • the refrigerant air flows down towards the products placed on the shelf below.
  • the products on the top of the stack directly receive the flow of refrigerant air.
  • Those located at the bottom are directly in contact with the refrigerating shelf.
  • the density of the orifices per unit of surface is higher towards the front of the shelf than towards the rear.
  • the products most exposed to thermal fluxes receive a greater quantity of air than the others.
  • the shelves are supplied in parallel by orifices located at the rear of the shelves and communicating with the refrigerant air supply circuit.
  • the upper wall of the double wall comprises a thin housing extending at least partly between the front and the back of the shelf.
  • This housing contains a phase change fluid, in particular of the liquid / solid type.
  • the thermal inertia of the shelf is increased and it is possible to maintain well-defined constant temperatures.
  • the thickness of the housing is between 1 mm and 2 mm.
  • the phase change fluid is chosen from the following family of fluids:
  • the invention also relates to a refrigeration unit produced by means of shelves having the characteristics described above.
  • the refrigeration unit has at its lower part a ventilator sucking the air coming from the part located in front of the cabinet. This fan delivers air, through a cold coil, to inlet ports located behind the double walls of the shelves.
  • FIG. 1 which represents a view in vertical section of an alternative embodiment of the refrigerated display cabinet according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of two shelves according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to invention, showing the orifices located on the underside of the double wall
  • FIG. 4 which represents a front view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the nose of the shelf
  • - Figure 5 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the housing containing the phase change material.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the refrigerated display cabinet.
  • the refrigeration unit 1 has at its lower part 2 a fan 3 sucking the air coming from the part located on the front 4 of the cabinet.
  • This fan delivers air, through a cold battery 5, to a distribution circuit 30 located at the rear of the cabinet 1.
  • This distribution circuit is constituted by a double wall 30a, 30b substantially vertical extending laterally.
  • the double-walled shelves 8 (upper wall 7a, lower wall 7b) are mounted in parallel one above the other.
  • the internal part of the shelves 8 comprised between the walls 7a and 7b communicate by inlet orifices 6 situated at the rear of the shelves 8 with the distribution circuit 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of an alternative embodiment of two shelves 8 having a double wall 7a, 7b in which flows from the rear to the front of the cabinet 1, the refrigerant air drawn by the fan 3. Roughness arranged on the internal surfaces of the double walls 7a, 7b promote the air / wall heat exchange so as to maintain a strictly defined temperature of the walls of the shelf 8.
  • the heat exchange with the products 20 placed on the shelves 8 is not only convective, it is also conductive. The stability of heat exchanges is thus improved.
  • the refrigerant air is channeled in the circuit formed by the double wall 7a, 7b of the shelf 8. Its flow is therefore less disturbed.
  • the shelf becomes a real exchanger allowing products to be kept within precise temperature ranges 20 exposed on the shelves 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the orifices located on the underside of the double wall.
  • the openings 12 located at the front of the shelf 8 are oriented downwards and have the form of nozzles.
  • the orientation of the openings 12 is controlled by a movable member 13 operable by the user. This can thus direct the heated air flow exiting at the front of each shelf so that it flows downwards, on the front of the refrigeration unit.
  • the heated air flow meets the cold air curtain 4 coming from the upper part of the refrigeration unit.
  • This arrangement prevents the products exposed on the lower shelf from heating up.
  • the lower wall 7b of the shelf 8 is pierced with orifices 15 through which the refrigerant air escapes. These holes allow efficient air distribution on the products located on the lower shelf (see also figure
  • a sliding pull tab 14, pierced with holes 16, located at the front of the shelf 8 makes it possible to adjust the air flow leaving the openings 12 by more or less masking the latter (see also FIG. 4). It is thus possible to distribute the air flow between the different shelves and to adapt the cooling thermal flow to the thermal load received by the products. This thermal load (essentially radiative) depends on the position of the products on the different shelves.
  • Figure 5 shows a side sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the housing containing the phase change material. Additional accommodation 50 is 7
  • phase change fluid liquid / solid
  • the phase change fluids can be:
  • the shelves which have just been described with reference to Figures 1 to 5 can be used to make any display cabinet for fresh and frozen products.
  • Such furniture allows the control of upstream and downstream temperatures as well as their display.
  • the store manager can guarantee that the temperatures will be maintained.

Abstract

The invention concerns a refrigerating cabinet (1) shelf (8) comprising a double wall (7a, 7b) wherein circulates, from the refrigerating cabinet rear to the front thereof, a refrigerating fluid in particular refrigerating air. The lower wall (7b) is pierced with an orifice (15). The refrigerating cabinet (1) comprises in its lower part (2) a ventilating fan (3) sucking up the air and delivering it, through a cooling battery (5) towards inlets (6) located at the rear of the shelf (8) double walls (7a, 7b). A matching housing is provided in the shelf upper wall thickness. Said housing contains a fine layer of phase changing (liquid/solid) fluid.

Description

Etagères-échangeurs pour meuble frigorifique de vente et meuble frigorifique réalisé au moyen de telles étagères.Shelf-exchangers for refrigerated display cabinet and refrigerated cabinet produced by means of such shelves.
La présente invention concerne les meubles frigorifiques de vente. Elle concerne plus particulièrement les étagères pour meubles frigorifiques de vente et les meubles frigorifiques de vente réalisés au moyen de telles étagères.The present invention relates to refrigerated display cabinets. It relates more particularly to the shelves for refrigerated display cabinets and to the refrigerated display cabinets produced by means of such shelves.
Les écarts des température dans les meubles frigorifiques de vente sont particulièrement élevés, la norme EN441-6 tolère, pour la catégorie la plus performante des meubles à température positive, des variations de température moyenne entre - 1° C et +5 °C, soit un intervalle de 6 °C, et des variations entre + 1 °C et + 10 °C, soit un intervalle de 9 °C, pour la catégorie la moins performante.The temperature differences in refrigerated display cabinets are particularly high, the EN441-6 standard tolerates, for the best performing category of positive temperature cabinets, average temperature variations between - 1 ° C and +5 ° C, i.e. an interval of 6 ° C, and variations between + 1 ° C and + 10 ° C, or an interval of 9 ° C, for the lowest performing category.
De même pour le meuble le plus performant recevant les produits surgelés, l'écart de température entre les températures moyennes maximales (- 15 °C) et minimales (- 18 °C) est de 3 °C. Certains meubles ne maintiennent des températures qu'entre - 12 °C et -18 °C. Pour de nombreux produits frais, en particulier la viande et les plats cuisinés frais, mais aussi la pâtisserie, l'imprécision dans le maintien des températures entraîne des problèmes de santé publique sérieux.Likewise for the most efficient piece of furniture receiving frozen products, the temperature difference between the maximum average (- 15 ° C) and minimum (- 18 ° C) temperatures is 3 ° C. Some pieces of furniture only maintain temperatures between - 12 ° C and -18 ° C. For many fresh products, especially fresh meat and ready meals, but also baking, imprecision in maintaining temperatures leads to serious public health problems.
Les meubles frigorifiques de vente, connus à ce jour, sont conçus pour maintenir en température les produits qui sont mis en place à une température initiale convenable. La puissance frigorifique nécessaire au maintien en température du meuble compense les pertes thermiques dues à l'écart de température entre l'ensemble de la structure du meuble et l'air ambiant. Pour les meubles frigorifiques de vente ouverts, qui sont les plus nombreux, le poste essentiel de consommation d'énergie provient de l'induction d'air chaud de la pièce dans le circuit aéraulique du meuble. Des mesures de température répétées en aires de vente indiquent une très grande variabilité des températures, vraisemblablement plus grande que celle autorisée par la norme. La distribution d'air n'est donc pas convenable.Refrigerated display cabinets, known to date, are designed to maintain the temperature of the products which are placed at a suitable initial temperature. The cooling capacity necessary to maintain the temperature of the cabinet compensates for the heat losses due to the temperature difference between the entire structure of the cabinet and the ambient air. For open refrigerated display cabinets, which are the most numerous, the essential item of energy consumption comes from the induction of hot air from the room in the ventilation circuit of the cabinet. Repeated temperature measurements in sales areas indicate a very wide variability in temperatures, probably greater than that authorized by the standard. The air distribution is therefore not suitable.
Dans le cas de la vitrine de présentation à plateau réfrigéré FARGE, RUDZIK faisant l'objet de la demande de brevet européen 0 580 494 Al publiée le 26.01.94, il est prévu de créer un flux d'air qui forme une boucle entourant le plateau réfrigéré. Une paroi de déflexion verticale et recourbée vers le haut dirige le flux d'air ascendant vers le dessus du plateau d'exposition. L'échange thermique avec les produits est essentiellement convectif. Un tel échange est extrêmement sensible à toutes les perturbations aérauliques que subit le meuble.In the case of the display case with refrigerated tray FARGE, RUDZIK which is the subject of European patent application 0 580 494 A1 published on 26.01.94, it is planned to create an air flow which forms a loop surrounding the refrigerated tray. A vertical, upwardly curved deflection wall directs the upward air flow to the top of the exposure plate. The heat exchange with the products is essentially convective. Such an exchange is extremely sensitive to all the ventilation disturbances that the furniture undergoes.
De même dans le cas du meuble frigorifique ROBERTS HAROLD L, décrit dans le brevet US 5 357 767 délivré le 25 octobre 1994, l'étagère comprend une double paroi dans laquelle circule, de l'arrière vers l'avant du meuble frigorifique, un fluide réfrigérant notamment de l'air réfrigérant. Une structure rigide en nid d'abeille située à l'avant de l'étagère permet de distribué l'air réfrigérant en façade et de créer un rideau d'air frais. Egalement, dans le cas de ce meuble frigorifique, les écarts de température entre les produits exposés varient en fonction de leur emplacement sur les étagères. Dans le cas du meuble frigorifique BARROERO LOUIS F, décrit dans le brevet US 3 365 907 délivré le 30 janvier 1968, l'air réfrigérant circule du bas vers le haut, de l'étagère inférieure vers l'étagère supérieure. L'air sort par des orifices ménagés dans la paroi supérieure de l'étagère du dessous, puis il diffuse dans l'espace de conditionnement entre les deux étagères où il se réchauffe, enfin il pénètre dans les orifices situés dans la paroi inférieure de l'étagère située au-dessus. Il est ensuite évacué vers la partie centrale du meuble en circulant à l'intérieur de l'étagère à double paroi de la périphérie vers le coeur.Similarly in the case of the ROBERTS HAROLD L refrigeration unit, described in US Pat. No. 5,357,767 issued October 25, 1994, the shelf comprises a double wall in which circulates, from the rear to the front of the refrigeration unit, a refrigerant, especially refrigerant air. A rigid honeycomb structure located at the front of the shelf distributes the cooling air on the front and creates a curtain of fresh air. Also, in the case of this refrigeration unit, the temperature differences between the products displayed vary according to their location on the shelves. In the case of the BARROERO LOUIS F refrigeration unit, described in US Pat. No. 3,365,907 issued on January 30, 1968, the cooling air circulates from the bottom to the top, from the lower shelf to the upper shelf. The air exits through orifices made in the upper wall of the shelf below, then it diffuses into the conditioning space between the two shelves where it heats up, finally it enters the orifices located in the lower wall of the 'shelf located above. It is then evacuated towards the central part of the piece of furniture by circulating inside the double-walled shelf from the periphery towards the heart.
Ainsi donc, dans le cas du meuble frigorifique BARROERO LOUIS F, les produits situés sur le haut de la pile, a priori les plus exposés aux flux thermiques (radiatifs ou convectifs) provenant de l'environnement extérieur, reçoivent le flux réfrigérant ascendant après que celui-ci se soit progressivement réchauffé d'une étagère à une autre.So, in the case of BARROERO LOUIS F refrigeration unit, the products located on the top of the stack, a priori the most exposed to thermal flows (radiative or convective) coming from the external environment, receive the ascending refrigerant flow after it has gradually warmed from one shelf to another.
La présente invention a pour objectif de maintenir les produits exposés dans une étroite fourchette de température en remédiant aux inconvénients des systèmes connus. Selon l'invention, l'étagère du meuble frigorifique comprend une double paroi dans laquelle circule, de l'arrière vers l'avant du meuble frigorifique, un fluide réfrigérant notamment de l'air. Selon une première caractéristique préférentielle, la paroi inférieure de la double paroi comporte des orifices. Ainsi, l'air réfrigérant s'écoule vers le bas en direction des produits posés sur l'étagère située en dessous. Les produits situés sur le haut de la pile reçoivent directement le flux d'air réfrigérant. Ceux situés en bas sont directement au contact de l'étagère réfrigérante. De préférence, la densité des orifices par unité des surface est plus élevée vers l'avant de l'étagère que vers l'arrière. Ainsi, les produits les plus exposés aux flux thermiques (radiatifs ou convectifs) reçoivent une plus grande quantité d'air que les autres.The present invention aims to keep the products exposed within a narrow temperature range by overcoming the drawbacks of known systems. According to the invention, the shelf of the refrigeration unit comprises a double wall in which circulates, from the rear to the front of the refrigeration unit, a refrigerant fluid in particular air. According to a first preferred characteristic, the lower wall of the double wall has orifices. Thus, the refrigerant air flows down towards the products placed on the shelf below. The products on the top of the stack directly receive the flow of refrigerant air. Those located at the bottom are directly in contact with the refrigerating shelf. Preferably, the density of the orifices per unit of surface is higher towards the front of the shelf than towards the rear. Thus, the products most exposed to thermal fluxes (radiative or convective) receive a greater quantity of air than the others.
De préférence également, les étagères sont alimentés en parallèles par orifices situés à l'arriére des étagères et communicants avec le circuit d'alimentation en air réfrigérant De préférence également, la paroi supérieure de la double paroi comporte un logement de faible épaisseur s'étendant au moins en partie entre l'avant et l'arrière de l'étagère. Ce logement contient un fluide à changement de phase notamment du type liquide/solide. Ainsi, l'inertie thermique de l'étagère est accrue et il est possible de maintenir des températures constantes bien définies. De manière avantageuse, l'épaisseur du logement est comprise entre 1 mm et 2 mm. De manière avantageuse également, le fluide à changement de phase est choisi parmi la famille des fluides suivants:Preferably also, the shelves are supplied in parallel by orifices located at the rear of the shelves and communicating with the refrigerant air supply circuit. Preferably also, the upper wall of the double wall comprises a thin housing extending at least partly between the front and the back of the shelf. This housing contains a phase change fluid, in particular of the liquid / solid type. Thus, the thermal inertia of the shelf is increased and it is possible to maintain well-defined constant temperatures. Advantageously, the thickness of the housing is between 1 mm and 2 mm. Also advantageously, the phase change fluid is chosen from the following family of fluids:
- des mélanges eau-paraffine (de sorte que les températures sont maintenues entre 1 °C et 8 °C), - des mélanges eau-éthanol (de sorte que les températures sont maintenues entre -20 °C et -1 °C),- water-paraffin mixtures (so that the temperatures are maintained between 1 ° C and 8 ° C), - water-ethanol mixtures (so that the temperatures are maintained between -20 ° C and -1 ° C),
- de l'eau.- some water.
Avantageusement, la partie située à l'avant de la double paroi comporte au moins une ouverture vers l'extérieur. Ainsi l'air réfrigérant peut sortir librement lorsqu'il parvient à l'avant du meuble frigorifique. Cette ouverture de la double paroi, située à l'avant, s'étend au moins en partie sur la longueur de l'étagère. De manière avantageuse, les dimensions de l'ouverture de la double paroi située à l'avant sont contrôlées par des éléments mobiles actionnables par l'utilisateur. Ainsi, l'utilisateur peut régler le débit du flux sortant à l'avant de l'étagère, en fonction de la charge thermique des produits posés sur les étagères. De manière avantageuse, également l'orientation de l'ouverture de la double paroi située à l'avant est contrôlée par des éléments mobiles actionnables par l'utilisateur. Ainsi, l'utilisateur peut régler l'orientation du flux sortant à l'avant de l'étagère. Ces éléments mobiles sont orientés vers le bas du meuble frigorifique. Grâce à cette disposition des éléments mobiles, l'air réfrigérant s'écoule de haut en bas, en façade du meuble frigorifique, en constituant un rideau froid.Advantageously, the part located at the front of the double wall has at least one opening to the outside. So the cooling air can come out freely when reaches the front of the refrigerator. This opening of the double wall, located at the front, extends at least in part over the length of the shelf. Advantageously, the dimensions of the opening of the double wall located at the front are controlled by mobile elements which can be actuated by the user. Thus, the user can adjust the flow rate of the outgoing flow at the front of the shelf, as a function of the thermal load of the products placed on the shelves. Advantageously, also the orientation of the opening of the double wall located at the front is controlled by mobile elements which can be actuated by the user. Thus, the user can adjust the orientation of the outgoing flow at the front of the shelf. These movable elements are oriented towards the bottom of the refrigeration unit. Thanks to this arrangement of the movable elements, the cooling air flows from top to bottom, on the front of the refrigeration unit, constituting a cold curtain.
L'invention concerne également un meuble frigorifique réalisé au moyen d'étagères présentant les caractéristiques ci-dessus décrites. De préférence, le meuble frigorifique comporte à sa partie inférieure un ventilateur aspirant l'air venant de la partie située en façade du meuble. Ce ventilateur refoule l'air, à travers une batterie froide, vers des orifices d'entrée situés à l'arrière des doubles parois des étagères. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de variantes de réalisation de l'invention, données à titre d'exemple indicatif et non limitatif, et de :The invention also relates to a refrigeration unit produced by means of shelves having the characteristics described above. Preferably, the refrigeration unit has at its lower part a ventilator sucking the air coming from the part located in front of the cabinet. This fan delivers air, through a cold coil, to inlet ports located behind the double walls of the shelves. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of alternative embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting example, and from:
- la figure 1 qui représente une vue en coupe verticale d'une variante de réalisation du meuble frigorifique de vente selon l'invention,FIG. 1 which represents a view in vertical section of an alternative embodiment of the refrigerated display cabinet according to the invention,
- la figure 2 qui représente une vue latérale en coupe, d'une variante de réalisation de deux étagères selon l'invention, - la figure 3 qui représente une vue latérale en coupe d'une variante de réalisation d'une étagère selon l'invention, montrant les orifices situés sur la face inférieure de la double paroi,- Figure 2 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of two shelves according to the invention, - Figure 3 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to invention, showing the orifices located on the underside of the double wall,
- la figure 4 qui représente une vue frontale d'une variante de réalisation d'une étagère selon l'invention, montrant le nez de l'étagère, - la figure 5 qui représente une vue latérale en coupe d'une variante de réalisation d'une étagère selon l'invention, montrant le logement contenant le matériau à changement de phase.FIG. 4 which represents a front view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the nose of the shelf, - Figure 5 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the housing containing the phase change material.
On va maintenant décrire la figure 1 qui représente une vue en coupe verticale d'une variante de réalisation du meuble frigorifique de vente. Le meuble frigorifique 1 comporte à sa partie inférieure 2 un ventilateur 3 aspirant l'air venant de la partie située en façade 4 du meuble. Ce ventilateur refoule l'air, à travers une batterie froide 5, vers un circuit de distribution 30 situé à l'arrière du meuble 1. Ce circuit de distribution est constitué par une double paroi 30a, 30b sensiblement verticale s'étendant latéralement. Les étagères 8 à double paroi (paroi supérieure 7a, paroi inférieure 7b) sont montées en parallèle les unes au dessus des autres. La partie interne des étagères 8 comprise entre les parois 7a et 7b communiquent par des orifices d'entrée 6 situés à l' arrière des étagères 8 avec le circuit de distribution 30. L'air réfrigérant circulant à l'intérieur des étagères, entre les parois 7a et 7b s'échappe par des ouvertures 12 situées à l'avant des étagères. L'air réfrigérant circule également dans la double paroi 9 du plafond 10 du meuble frigorifique. Il s'écoule par l'orifice 11 vers le bas en formant un rideau froid 4 en façade du meuble. On va maintenant décrire la figure 2 qui représente une vue latérale en coupe, d'une variante de réalisation de deux étagères 8 comportant une double paroi 7a, 7b dans laquelle circule, de l'arrière vers l'avant du meuble 1, l'air réfrigérant puisé par le ventilateur 3. Des rugosités aménagées sur les surfaces internes des doubles parois 7a, 7b favorisent l'échange thermique air/paroi de manière à maintenir une température strictement définie des parois de l'étagère 8. L'échange thermique avec les produits 20 posés sur les étagères 8 n'est pas seulement convectif, il est aussi conductif. La stabilité des échanges thermiques est ainsi améliorée. L'air réfrigérant est canalisé dans le circuit formé par la double paroi 7a, 7b de l'étagère 8. Son écoulement est de ce fait moins perturbé. L'étagère devient un véritable échangeur permettant de maintenir dans des fourchettes de températures précises les produits 20 exposés sur les étagères 8.We will now describe Figure 1 which shows a vertical sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the refrigerated display cabinet. The refrigeration unit 1 has at its lower part 2 a fan 3 sucking the air coming from the part located on the front 4 of the cabinet. This fan delivers air, through a cold battery 5, to a distribution circuit 30 located at the rear of the cabinet 1. This distribution circuit is constituted by a double wall 30a, 30b substantially vertical extending laterally. The double-walled shelves 8 (upper wall 7a, lower wall 7b) are mounted in parallel one above the other. The internal part of the shelves 8 comprised between the walls 7a and 7b communicate by inlet orifices 6 situated at the rear of the shelves 8 with the distribution circuit 30. The refrigerant air circulating inside the shelves, between the walls 7a and 7b escapes through openings 12 located at the front of the shelves. The cooling air also circulates in the double wall 9 of the ceiling 10 of the refrigeration unit. It flows through the orifice 11 downwards, forming a cold curtain 4 on the front of the cabinet. We will now describe Figure 2 which shows a side sectional view of an alternative embodiment of two shelves 8 having a double wall 7a, 7b in which flows from the rear to the front of the cabinet 1, the refrigerant air drawn by the fan 3. Roughness arranged on the internal surfaces of the double walls 7a, 7b promote the air / wall heat exchange so as to maintain a strictly defined temperature of the walls of the shelf 8. The heat exchange with the products 20 placed on the shelves 8 is not only convective, it is also conductive. The stability of heat exchanges is thus improved. The refrigerant air is channeled in the circuit formed by the double wall 7a, 7b of the shelf 8. Its flow is therefore less disturbed. The shelf becomes a real exchanger allowing products to be kept within precise temperature ranges 20 exposed on the shelves 8.
On va maintenant décrire la figure 3 qui représente une vue latérale en coupe d'une variante de réalisation d'une étagère selon l'invention, montrant les orifices situés sur la face inférieure de la double paroi. Sur cette figure on reconnaît la paroi supérieure 7a et la paroi inférieure 7b d'une étagère 8. Les ouvertures 12 situées à l'avant de l'étagère 8 sont orientées vers le bas et ont la forme de buses. Dans la variante de réalisation représentée sur la figure 3 l'orientation des ouvertures 12 est contrôlée par un élément mobile 13 actionnable par l'utilisateur. Celui-ci peut ainsi orienter le flux d'air réchauffé sortant à l'avant de chaque étagère de telle sorte qu'il s'écoule vers le bas, en façade du meuble frigorifique. Le flux d'air réchauffé rencontre le rideau d'air froid 4 provenant de la partie supérieure du meuble frigorifique. Cette disposition évite le réchauffement des produits exposés sur l'étagère inférieure. La paroi inférieure 7b de l'étagère 8 est percée d'orifices 15 par lesquels s'échappe l'air réfrigérant. Ces orifices permettent de distribuer de manière efficace l'air sur les produits situés sur l'étagère inférieure (voir également la figureWe will now describe Figure 3 which shows a sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the orifices located on the underside of the double wall. In this figure we recognize the upper wall 7a and the lower wall 7b of a shelf 8. The openings 12 located at the front of the shelf 8 are oriented downwards and have the form of nozzles. In the alternative embodiment shown in Figure 3 the orientation of the openings 12 is controlled by a movable member 13 operable by the user. This can thus direct the heated air flow exiting at the front of each shelf so that it flows downwards, on the front of the refrigeration unit. The heated air flow meets the cold air curtain 4 coming from the upper part of the refrigeration unit. This arrangement prevents the products exposed on the lower shelf from heating up. The lower wall 7b of the shelf 8 is pierced with orifices 15 through which the refrigerant air escapes. These holes allow efficient air distribution on the products located on the lower shelf (see also figure
2). De préférence, la densité au dm2 des orifices 15 est plus grande vers l'avant des étagères que vers l'arrière, elle est environ le double. La densité des orifices est souvent exprimée en taux de vide. Ce taux est le rapport de la surface des orifices à la surface totale de la plaque. De préférence, le taux de vide à l'avant est compris entre 30% et 40%. Il est compris entre 10% et 20% à l'arrière.2). Preferably, the density at dm2 of the orifices 15 is greater towards the front of the shelves than towards the rear, it is approximately double. The density of the orifices is often expressed as a void rate. This rate is the ratio of the area of the orifices to the total area of the plate. Preferably, the void rate at the front is between 30% and 40%. It is between 10% and 20% at the rear.
Une tirette 14 coulissante, percée de trous 16, située à l'avant de l'étagère 8 permet de régler le flux d'air sortant des ouvertures 12 en masquant plus ou moins celles-ci (voir également la figure 4). Il est ainsi possible de répartir le flux d'air entre les différentes étagères et d'adapter le flux thermique de refroidissement à la charge thermique reçue par les produits. Cette charge thermique (essentiellement radiative) dépend de la position des produits sur les différentes étagères. On va maintenant décrire la figure 5 qui représente une vue latérale en coupe d'une variante de réalisation d'une étagère selon l'invention, montrant le logement contenant le matériau à changement de phase. Un logement complémentaire 50 est 7A sliding pull tab 14, pierced with holes 16, located at the front of the shelf 8 makes it possible to adjust the air flow leaving the openings 12 by more or less masking the latter (see also FIG. 4). It is thus possible to distribute the air flow between the different shelves and to adapt the cooling thermal flow to the thermal load received by the products. This thermal load (essentially radiative) depends on the position of the products on the different shelves. We will now describe Figure 5 which shows a side sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a shelf according to the invention, showing the housing containing the phase change material. Additional accommodation 50 is 7
aménagé dans l'épaisseur de la paroi supérieure 7a de l'étagère 8. Ce logement contient une fine couche de fluide à changement de phase (liquide/solide). Les fluides à changement de phase peuvent être :arranged in the thickness of the upper wall 7a of the shelf 8. This housing contains a thin layer of phase change fluid (liquid / solid). The phase change fluids can be:
- des mélanges eau-paraffine (de sorte que les températures sont maintenues entre l °C et 8 °C),- water-paraffin mixtures (so that the temperatures are maintained between 1 ° C and 8 ° C),
- des mélanges eau-éthanol (de sorte que les températures sont maintenues entre -20 °C et -l °C),- water-ethanol mixtures (so that the temperatures are kept between -20 ° C and -l ° C),
- de l'eau (pour le maintien de la température à 0 °C).- water (to maintain the temperature at 0 ° C).
Ces fluides à changement de phase liquide/solide accroissent l'inertie thermique de l'étagère et permettent ainsi le maintient de températures constantes bien définies.These fluids with liquid / solid phase change increase the thermal inertia of the shelf and thus allow the maintenance of constant well-defined temperatures.
Les étagères qui viennent d'être décrites en se référant aux figures 1 à 5 peuvent être utilisées pour réaliser tout meuble de présentation de produits frais et surgelés. De tels meubles permettent le contrôle des températures amont et aval ainsi que leur affichage. Le gérant du magasin peut garantir le maintien des températures. The shelves which have just been described with reference to Figures 1 to 5 can be used to make any display cabinet for fresh and frozen products. Such furniture allows the control of upstream and downstream temperatures as well as their display. The store manager can guarantee that the temperatures will be maintained.

Claims

8Revendications 8 Claims
1. Etagère (8) pour meuble frigorifique (1) comprenant une double paroi (7a, 7b) dans laquelle circule, de l'arrière vers l'avant du meuble frigorifique, un fluide réfrigérant notamment de l'air réfrigérant ; ladite étagère étant caractérisée en ce que la paroi inférieure (7b) de la double paroi (7a, 7b) comporte des orifices (15).1. Shelf (8) for refrigeration unit (1) comprising a double wall (7a, 7b) in which circulates, from the rear to the front of the refrigeration unit, a refrigerant fluid in particular refrigerant air; said shelf being characterized in that the lower wall (7b) of the double wall (7a, 7b) has orifices (15).
2. Etagère selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le taux de vide de l'étagère comportant les orifices (15) est plus élevée à l'avant qu'à l'arrière du meuble frigorifique, notamment le taux de vide est compris entre 30% et 40% à l'avant et entre 10% et 20% à l'arrière.2. Shelf according to claim 1 characterized in that the vacuum rate of the shelf comprising the orifices (15) is higher at the front than at the rear of the refrigeration unit, in particular the vacuum rate is between 30% and 40% at the front and between 10% and 20% at the rear.
3. Etagère selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisée en ce que la paroi supérieure (7a) de la double paroi (7a, 7b) comporte un logement (50) de faible épaisseur s'étendant au moins en partie entre l'avant et l'arrière de l'étagère (8) ; ledit logement contenant un fluide à changement de phase notamment du type liquide/solide,3. Shelf according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the upper wall (7a) of the double wall (7a, 7b) comprises a housing (50) of thin thickness extending at least partially between l 'front and rear of the shelf (8); said housing containing a phase change fluid, in particular of the liquid / solid type,
4. Etagère selon la revendication 3 caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur du logement (50) est comprise entre 1 mm et 2 mm.4. Shelf according to claim 3 characterized in that the thickness of the housing (50) is between 1 mm and 2 mm.
5. Etagère selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4 caractérisée en ce que le fluide à changement de phase est choisi parmi la famille des fluides suivants :5. Shelf according to any one of claims 3 or 4 characterized in that the phase change fluid is chosen from the family of the following fluids:
- des mélanges eau-paraffine,- water-paraffin mixtures,
- des mélanges eau-éthanol,- water-ethanol mixtures,
- de l'eau.- some water.
6. Etagère selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisée en ce que la partie située à l'avant de la double paroi comporte au moins une ouverture (12) vers l'extérieur,6. Shelf according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the part located at the front of the double wall has at least one opening (12) towards the outside,
7. Etagère selon la revendication 6 caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture (12) de la double paroi située à l'avant s'étend au moins en partie sur la longueur de l'étagère (8). 7. Shelf according to claim 6 characterized in that the opening (12) of the double wall located at the front extends at least partially over the length of the shelf (8).
8. Etagère selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7 caractérisée en ce que les dimensions de l'ouverture de la double paroi située à l'avant sont contrôlées par des éléments mobiles (14) actionnables par l'utilisateur, 8. Shelf according to any one of claims 6 or 7 characterized in that the dimensions of the opening of the double wall located at the front are controlled by mobile elements (14) actuable by the user,
9. Etagère selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8 caractérisée que l'orientation de l'ouverture (12) de la double paroi située à l'avant est contrôlée par des éléments mobiles (13) actionnables par l'utilisateur,9. Shelf according to any one of claims 6 to 8 characterized in that the orientation of the opening (12) of the double wall located at the front is controlled by mobile elements (13) actuable by the user,
10. Etagère selon la revendication 9 caractérisée en ce que les éléments mobiles (13) sont orientés vers le bas du meuble frigorifique (1),10. Shelf according to claim 9 characterized in that the movable elements (13) are oriented towards the bottom of the refrigeration unit (1),
11. Meuble frigorifique réalisé au moyen d'étagères présentant les caractéristiques de l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.11. Refrigeration unit produced by means of shelves having the characteristics of any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. Meuble frigorifique selon la revendication 11 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte à sa partie inférieure (2) un ventilateur (3) aspirant l'air venant de la partie située en façade (4) du meuble et le refoulant,12. Refrigeration unit according to claim 11 characterized in that it comprises at its lower part (2) a fan (3) sucking the air coming from the part located on the front (4) of the cabinet and delivering it,
- à travers une batterie froide (5), vers- through a cold battery (5), to
- des orifices d'entrée (6) situés à l'arrière des doubles parois (7a, 7b) des étagères (8).- inlet openings (6) located behind the double walls (7a, 7b) of the shelves (8).
13. Meuble frigorifique selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un circuit de distribution en parallèle (30, 30a, 30b) de l'air à l'entrée (6) des étagères (8). 13. Refrigeration unit according to claim 12 characterized in that it comprises a parallel distribution circuit (30, 30a, 30b) of the air at the inlet (6) of the shelves (8).
PCT/FR1999/001149 1998-05-12 1999-05-12 Exchanger-shelves for display refrigerating cabinet and refrigerating cabinet produced with such shelves WO1999058916A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU36121/99A AU3612199A (en) 1998-05-12 1999-05-12 Exchanger-shelves for display refrigerating cabinet and refrigerating cabinet produced with such shelves
EP99918066A EP1076799A1 (en) 1998-05-12 1999-05-12 Exchanger-shelves for display refrigerating cabinet and refrigerating cabinet produced with such shelves

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR98/06208 1998-05-12
FR9806208A FR2778733B1 (en) 1998-05-12 1998-05-12 SHELF-EXCHANGERS FOR SALE REFRIGERATED FURNITURE AND REFRIGERATED FURNITURE USED BY SUCH SHELVES

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CN104197601A (en) * 2014-09-09 2014-12-10 合肥美的电冰箱有限公司 Refrigerator
US11272794B2 (en) 2016-05-06 2022-03-15 Vertical Cabinet Company Ltd. Open-front refrigerator and a method of cooling items therein

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KR101706961B1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2017-02-15 엘지전자 주식회사 Refrigerator
DE102018221423A1 (en) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Household refrigerator

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US11272794B2 (en) 2016-05-06 2022-03-15 Vertical Cabinet Company Ltd. Open-front refrigerator and a method of cooling items therein

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AU3612199A (en) 1999-11-29
FR2778733B1 (en) 2000-08-18
EP1076799A1 (en) 2001-02-21
FR2778733A1 (en) 1999-11-19

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