WO1999044006A1 - Balle sans plomb destinee a des armes de petit calibre - Google Patents

Balle sans plomb destinee a des armes de petit calibre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999044006A1
WO1999044006A1 PCT/DK1999/000090 DK9900090W WO9944006A1 WO 1999044006 A1 WO1999044006 A1 WO 1999044006A1 DK 9900090 W DK9900090 W DK 9900090W WO 9944006 A1 WO9944006 A1 WO 9944006A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bullet
aggregate
core
jacket
filling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1999/000090
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frans Jørgen ANDERSEN
Original Assignee
Andersen Frans Joergen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andersen Frans Joergen filed Critical Andersen Frans Joergen
Publication of WO1999044006A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999044006A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
    • F42B8/16—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact containing an inert filler in powder or granular form

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a lead free bullet, also known as a "green bullet", for small arms ammunition up to calibre 12.7 mm and a method of manufacturing said bullet, the bullet comprising a conventional bullet jacket, finished like a conventional bullet with a narrow opening in the jacket in one end, normally the rear, just leaving out the physical feeding with and insertion of a solid core, said empty bullet being discharged from the output stage of a conventional bullet machinery and thereafter being provided with a non-compacted core being a loose aggregate, without any binder added, filling the cavity of the bullet jacket through said narrow opening by use of a novel filling technology for bullets, said filling finally being sealed and locked to the bullet jacket by a sealing agent applied to fill up the narrow opening of the bullet, said loose aggregate being made of an inert material non-hazardous to the environment and with no toxic effects to personnel.
  • the bullet for a conventional round is typically characterised by consisting of a lead core surrounded by a jacket made of a copper alloy or copper-coated steel.
  • the use of lead-cored bullets has a long tradition because of the high density of lead and a reasonable price as well, the purpose taken into consideration.
  • the high density, and therefore a large amount of weight per unit frontal area of the bullet imparts such bullet a favourable large ballistic coeffecient C 0 and thus a comparatively small decelleration during its flight, just as a large weight of a bullet in itself, at a given velocity of the bullet, is a measure for the bullets possesion of kinetic energy !
  • lead cores are an individual operation, not included in the operations of a conventional bullet machinery, with an output delivery consisting of a solid piece of lead, preformed by pressure into a core or slug of shape and dimensions almost identical to those of the cavity in the bullet jacket at the sequential stage for core feeding in the bullet machinery prior to the tapering and closing operations.
  • the slug is to be fed into the machinery for being distributed and seated into the jacket, in the following operation being pressed firmly to fill the jacket with an extremely tight fit without any cushions of air between core and jacket, which is most essential in order to obtain a proper balance of the bullet along its bodyaxis, thus ensuring stability of the extremely fast spinning bullet in its trajectory.
  • the jacket is to be tapered and closed, said closing leaving a narrow circular opening with the surface of the lead core end being into view.
  • the bullet will be finished including a final seizing. Without a complete redesign of the conventional bullet machinery, if at all possible technically or economically seen, the use of any type of core different from the solid type is definitely impossible.
  • a useful lead free bullet should be characterised by having characteristics and trajectory as close as possible to those of a conventional lead-cored round, at least at a reduced range in compliance with the shooters requirements for fraining and target- practice purposes.
  • Another useful type of a lead free bullet for special purposes should be characterised by having a greater weight than that of the corresponding lead-cored bullet of same size and shape, thus having a long flat trajectory and a high impact. It is obvious that all lead free types need to be characterised by having properties of interior ballistics e.g.
  • the lead free ammunition should be of a design suitable for mass production and to a reasonable degree cost- effective for both customer and manufacturer.
  • a simple solution would consist in just replacing lead with another soft metal of a comparable density like that of lead, such optional choice of core material making it possible for the manufacturer to meet a most likely future request for both lead-cored and lead free bullets by utilizing his existing conventional bullet machinery for the manufacture of both types, simply by switching the feeding from one type of core to another.
  • a solid core of equal size and shape as the final cavity of the finished bullet delivered from the output stage of the bullet machinery, made of steel or copper being manufactured by machining or forming by pressure, or a corresponding solid core made of a metal powder added with a binder or mixed up with a polymer thereafter being hardened , all of these types being manufactured by use of a conventional bullet-macliinery, just by feeding with said solid cores instead of the preformed slug of lead.
  • the not- jacketed types typically are bullets made of a solid material, such as steel or copper, by macliining or forming by pressure, or they may be made of a compound consisting of a metalpowder mixed up with a polymer or they may be made of pure plastic.
  • the not-jacketed bullets of the compound or plastic type due to their low weight, are mainly foreseen to be used at a very reduced range for fraining purposes, and for same purpose is known from US-P 3,898,933 a projectile, seeming to be of a similar design as this present invention but definitely quite different in all aspects, developed solely for training purposes and being characterised by having a bullet jacket specifically designed for easily to break into fragments upon impact resulting in a disintegration of the core into small metal powder particles of very low weight and with a shape resulting in a high drag coeffecient C D versus Mach number, where C D is a measure for the air resistance to a flying body while the Mach number means the velocity of a body divided by velocity of sound in air, said particles therefore having a high rate of decelleration, and in this a short range improving the safety of the shooting range.
  • the core in said bullet is characterised by being a flowing metal powder composition filled into the bullet jacket at an intermediate stage of operations, said metal powder thereafter, by an individual operation, being compacted by pressing directly in the bullet jacket by using the jacket itself as a mold, thereby the metal powder being converted into a solid block, in the field of powder metallurgy called a "green compact", which is characterised by being brittle and having strenght properties like those of a lump of sugar. Due to a.o.
  • bullets often ricochets, thus being a potential danger to personnel far beyond the normal safety distances of a shooting range.
  • hard cores are rather expensive to manufacture.
  • Bullets of the not-jacketed hard solid type show the same disadvantages as mentioned above, and furthermore they tend to imply an excess wear to the bore of the weapon. Said type of bullets is extremely costly to manufacture.
  • jacketed bullets provided with a solid core of a metal powder added with a binder or mixed up with a polymer concerns, they will normally be of high cost and low weight compared with the conventional lead-cored bullet, causing a much reduced range.
  • the not-jacketed bullets made of metal powder mixed up with a polymer are rather expensive to produce, and have shown a tendency to disintegrate during the flight or even in the bore before leaving the muzzle.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a useful and produceable lead free bullet being characterised by having ballistic properties almost identical to those of the corresponding conventional lead-cored bullet, exept those properties depending on the weight of the bullet, said lead free bullet, by exclusively modifying the core, being adaptable for multiple purposes, among those both a light and rather inexpensive bullet for training and target-practice and a heavy bullet suitable for special purposes, said lead free bullet characterised by being easily manufactured mainly by means of a manufacturers existing conventional bullet machinery, without any need for expensive major technical changes of the machinery and its operations, thereby leaving the manufacturer an option for an uncomplicated and inexpensive switch over from a manufacture of lead-cored to a manufacture of lead free bullets and vice-versa, in order to meet a likely future request from the market for both types.
  • the invented bullet comprises a conventional bullet jacket finished exactly like a conventional bullet, having a narrow opening in the jacket in one end, being delivered from the output stage of a conventional bullet - 7 -
  • the aggregate used for the core in principle may consist of any kind of a solid material being in or converted into a flowing form and having a proper grain size and shape making an inflow through the narrow opening possible, so taking advantage of such natural existent opening in a conventional bullet to use it as an inlet for the flowing aggregate during the specific filling and finishing operations.
  • an aggregate consisting of small solid balls or pellets, spherical or near spherical in shape due to the unique geometry of the sphere, provides the core advantageously properties such as a durable fixed consolidation in the jacket without any tendencies towards segregation and settlings, and a very high apparent density, thus making the bullet as stable in its flight as for the corresponding bullet provided with a conventional solid core of lead.
  • an aggregate consisting of small balls or pellets of almost equal size is vastly superior to other types of aggregates, e.g.
  • metal powder consisting of more or less irregular shaped particles or granules
  • V t 0.741 x Vc - 0.11 x S c ⁇ D s
  • V t the effective volume of the filling seen as a solid
  • V c the volume of the cavity
  • S c the surface area of the cavity
  • D s the diameter of said sphere.
  • the diameter of the spheres should be obtainable, if the diameter of the spheres is ignorable, which is far more than the apparent density of e.g. a metal powder, normally being characterised by having an apparent density well below 50 per cent.
  • the open space between the spheres form a unique structure as well, all of them having same shape and size, and all of them being in mutual connection with a, mathematically seen well defined, free passage from one to another making a total of 25.9 per cent of the volume V c of the cavity.
  • a maximized weight may be of importance, it is practicable to improve the density by repeating the filling operation whith an aggregate consisting of much smaller spheres than used for the first filling.
  • the invented method of manufacturing said bullet is based on both the technology of the invented bullet and the physical nature and behavior of different types of aggregates as well as the fundamental idea of making it possible, by use of a rather inexpensive commercial aggregate and by means of an rather inexpensive equipment, to mass produce a competitive inexpensive lead free bullet for fraining and target-practice purposes, while on the other hand, it should also be possible, by use of same method and equipment to manufacture bullets of a normal weight for service and combat purposes, or even to manufactue extremely heavy bullets for special purposes.
  • the method utilizes the existing con- ventional bullet machinery in full to produce conventional bullets, only omitting the the insertion of a solid core of lead.
  • the method does not interrupt or interfere with said bullet machinery, which instantly, if so wanted, can be switched over from producing lead free bullets to produce lead-cored bullets and vice-versa.
  • the switch over of the bullet machinery to a lead free production is simply done by blocking the feeding with solid lead cores.
  • the filling operation by which the empty finished bullets, delivered from the output stage of the bullet machinery, are to be filled with a proper aggregate, is an individual manufacture by means of a very simple and inexpensive equipment, easily installed not necessarily at the same location as for the bullet machine.
  • the filling equipment is characterised by having a very low power consumption and almost no waste of raw materials. It is possible with almost no limitations to design the equip- ment for an individual desired output rate. Due to the invented technology and method it is in principle possible to use an aggregate consisting of any kind of a solid material in a flowing form such as particles, granules, grains or small solid pieces such as pellets and spheres. For several reasons, however, not all of said aggregates are well suited for flowing through the rather narrow opening in the bullet jacket.
  • metal powders are characterised by having a marked tendency to agglomerate when flowing through a narrow passage such as a hopper or a funnel, which descripes the conventional method of filling a small space with a powder, thus blocking the inflow opening intermittently resulting in an unpredictable and non-uniform density of the filling.
  • a conventional remedy against said tendency to agglomerate is the use of a vibratory feeder causing the powder to loosen, which is opposite to consolidate, as the vibrations excites the particles of the powder to shift position in random directions and thereby an easier flowing.
  • the frequency and vibrational forces applied to the submerged bullet jacket should be thoroughly determined considering the size and weight of the single piece of aggregate and the weight of the column of aggregate above the inflow opening. Depending on the shape and size of the pieces used for the aggregate, said consolidation will be much different and varying in properties of density and stability.
  • This present method essentially will improve the filling of a bullet jacket regardless of what type of aggregate being chosen.
  • the method is diametrically opposed to a filling by means of a hopper or a funnel, which is characterised by being an operation on the single bullet jacket, whereas the submerged filling is an operation on an arbitrary number of bullet jackets, more thousands at a time is easily practicable, making the method extremely suitable for an optimized mass production.
  • an operation consisting in removing the aggregate from the narrow opening in the bullet jacket leaving a small hollow space, which is easily done by one or more wiping movements in a horizontal plane by use of a prober bmshing device adjusted to a proper height.
  • the final operation consists in providing the bullet with a proper sealing of the open end from the outside.
  • Said sealing is easily arranged by means of a row of injector nozzles for the desired number of bullets to be sealed simultaneously per of operation.
  • the amount of sealing agent to be injected should be properly adjusted to leave the surface of the stiffened sealing agent level and at least some tenth of a millimeter below the brim of the bullet jacket.
  • the invented method of manufacturing lead free bullets by means of Submerged Vibratory Filling furthermore has a pronounced built-in feature, as a repeated filling - performed as descriped above, but with an aggregate consitisting of much finer pieces than used for the first filling, preferably said finer pieces being of a size approximately 2.5 per cent or less of that of the pieces used for the first filling - will improve the density of the filling essentially.
  • it is essential, by proper means, to prevent the aggregate from the first filling from any settlings and rearranging.
  • the invented lead free bullet filled with a rather inexpensive aggregate consisting of small spherical shaped balls of steel which is the preferred aggregate, has already proven in full to be a useful and produceable replacement for the conven- tional lead-cored bullet for training and target-practice purposes, thus eliminating any hazard to health and environment caused by lead in its various forms as, experienced in the past by firing bullets provided with a core of lead. Thanks to the invented method of manufacturing, characterised by being extremely suitable for an optimized mass production, and the invented bullet just mentioned above, characterised by having ballistics very close to a lead-cored bullet at a slightly reduced range, a lead free bullet, or "green bullet" of the invented type for framing and - 12 -
  • target-practice shootings is a novel, inexpensive and very attractive alternative to the lead-cored bullet, both technically and economically seen.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a cartridge equipped with a lead free bullet in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a conventional lead-cored bullet at some particular stages of the sequential operations of a conventional bullet machinery
  • Fig. 3 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a conventional lead- cored bullet manufactured by means of a conventional bullet machinery
  • Fig. 4 is a typical layout of a commercial conventional bullet machine- ry
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a conventional bullet at some particular stages of the sequence of operations of a conventional bullet machinery for which the feeding with lead-slugs purposely has been blocked, resulting in the out- put being a finished bullet, just without a core - i.e. an empty bullet;
  • Fig. 6 is a partial view in longitudinal section of an empty bullet as mentioned just above.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates the invented metod of filling an empty bullet by means of Submerged Vibratory Filling in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 8, 9 are views partially in longitudinal section illustrating the pre- paration of the bullet, full of aggregate, for being sealed and locked;and
  • Fig. 10 is a view partially in longitudinal section illustrating the sealed finished lead free bullet in a first embodiment
  • Fig. 11 is a view similar to that of Fig. 10 illustrating another embodiment of a lead free bullet where the aggregate for the core instead of small solid balls or pellets consists of a metal powder in a flowing form.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates parts of the unique geometry of a sphere and some important mathematical properties essential for this present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a partial cross sectional view of three spherically shaped balls - belonging to the aggregate used for a first Submerged Vibratory
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a cartridge 11 consisting of a conventional cartridge case 21 including propellant and primer and a lead free bullet 31'" in accordance with the invention, said bullet being of equal shape- dimensions, tolerances and finish as for a conventional lead-cored bullet, however, with a core of a loose aggregate consisting of a solid material in a flowing form and of a proper grain size and being non- hazardous to health and environment.
  • the weight of the bullet may be less, equal to or larger than that of the lead-cored bullet.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a conventional lead-cored bullet at a number of particular stages during its flow through the sequence of operations of a con- ventional bullet machinery.
  • the numbers of operation referred to are indicative from among ten to fourteen operations in a sequence normal for a bullet machinery, depending on the specific type of bullet to manufacture. It will be noticed that there are two feeding stages for cups 22 and lead slugs 42 respectively, and only one discharge stage, the out- put stage, for me completely finished bullet 31".
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the conventional lead-cored bullet 31 " having a bullet jacket 32 , normally made of a cobber-zinc alloy or cobber-plated steeL, and a solid core 41' , normally made of pure lead or a lead-antimony alloy.
  • the bullet has in its rear a narrow opening 33 remaining from the tapering and closing operations.
  • Fig. 4 is an example of the layot of a commercial bullet machinery of a conventional modern design, and the typical sequence of operations for such machinery. It is notable, that such machinery is of a very compact design and with all the different operations of the sequence being inte- grated into the machinery as a whole.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the same as mentioned above for Fig. 2, except that the feeding of the bullet machinery with lead slugs purposely has been blocked, resulting in an output delivery from the outputstage of empty bullets 32 being of equal shape, dimensions, tolerances and finish as for the normal output of lead-cored bullets.
  • empty bullets is an indispensable basic delivery for the manufacture of the present invented lead free bullet.
  • this is not an invention, as most bullet manufacturers have experienced empty bullets occasionally in case of a mal- function in the core feeding system, it is a purposely provoked "malfunction" which in combination with the invented filling and sealing technology makes the whole concept possible. Therefore the manufacture of empty bullets 32 is entitled Operation No. 1 in the invented method.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the empty bullet 32 , in the rear having a narrow opening 33 into the cavity 34 .
  • Said opening in accordance with the present invented method in the following to be used as an inflow opening for the aggregate.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an important part, entitled Operation No 2, of the invented method of manufacturing lead free bullets by means of Submerged Vibratory Filling.
  • the preferred aggregate for the core filling consists of small solid pieces in form of balls or pellets in shape of spheres or at least near spherical, why this is the type of aggregate prescribed for this present illustration. It will be understood, that this should be no limitation for use of other types of aggregate such as e.g. metal powder and compositions hereof or nodules.
  • the empty bullet 32 being transferred from the output stage of the bullet machinery to the filling equipment 51 now is to be seated with the narrow inflow opening 33 pointing upwards, into a particular tray 61 with a vibration facility 62 connected to make - 15 -
  • the bullet be subject of vibration during the filling operation, said tray now being placed in a submerged or flooded position H into a basin 71 containing a loose aggregate 41 " consisting of small solid balls or pellets.
  • the aggregate due to the ball shape characterised by flowing very easily, now by free falling through the narrow inflow opening, due to gravitational forces, will fill the cavity 34 , - properly stimulated by vibration of the bullet and the compressive force downwards from the column of aggregate characterised by the weight of the volume H x A D , where A D is the area of the inflow opening 33 which - due to the ball shape - provides the bullet a unique well-consolidated and predictable dense filling highly uniform for all manufactured bullets.
  • the tray with full bullets should be lifted out of the basin for being transferred to the next operation.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates the bullet 32 , just having been transferred from Operation No. 2 full to the brim of consolidated aggregate 41", not yet a true core, now ready for going through Operation No. 3 which consists in removing excess aggregate from the inflow opening 33 in order to provide a small hollow space suitable for sealing and locking the core. It is convenient to use a crashing equipment, adjusted to a proper height, sweeping off the aggregate by a number of movements in a horizontal plane.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates the bullet 32 , just having been provided the small hollow space 35 in Operation No. 3 now ready for going through Operation No. 4 , which is the finishing operation consisting in sealing and locking of the consolidated aggregate 41", by injection or applying a prober sealing agent into the small hollow space 35.
  • a preferred and cost effective method is a sealing by means of an array of injector nozzles for the desired number of bullets to be sealed simultaneously per operation. It is of great importance that the injector system has a feature making it possible to adjust the amount of sealing agent injected in order to ensure the stiffened sealing being level at least some tenth of a millimeter belov the brim of the bullet jacket in order not to affect the exterior ballistics of the bullet.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates as a first embodiment the finished bullet 31 consisting of the empty bullet 32 - from now on a true bullet jacket - and the now sealed and thus extremely stable core 41 of a loose aggregate consisting of small solid balls, in principle self-locking due to the structure of a ball-cluster, and ⁇ -urthermore now being locked to the bullet jacket by the outer sealing 36 making the core and the bullet jacket a connected whole.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates a second embodiment, which is, except for the aggre- gate used for the core, in all aspects similar to the lead free bullet illustrated by Fig. 10.
  • the bullet 31 ' consists of an empty bullet 32 and a core 44 - consisting of a metalpowder with a particle shape as included in the definitions on powder metallurgy stated by DIN 30 900 seite 4 Nr 2.3 and the corresponding ISO Standards or a composition hereof - said core being sealed by a sealing 36 .
  • Fig. 12 a,b,c informs of some of the unique properties of the sphere both geometrically and mathematically seen, properties actually being of the greatest importance for the development of the present invented lead free bullet and the invented method of manufacturing said bullet. From 12 b it is noticable, that two plane layers of spheres are absolutely uniform and have unique fit when joined together, which is one of the geometrical facts providing a very high density of the core. In Fig. 12 c it can be clearly seen how a heap or a pile of spheres can form a stack of a high densi- ty when stimulated by a compressive force and vibration - as long as the spheres are being prevented from escaping by being surrounded - in this present specific case - by a bullet jacket.
  • Fig. 13 illustrates how a repeated filling by use of an aggregate consisting of much smaller spheres can improve the density of the core by filling the free space between the larger balls from the first filling. Certainly a remarkable improvement not possible with any other shape of the small solids.

Abstract

On décrit une balle (31) sans plomb également connue sous le nom de 'balle verte' qui se caractérise par le fait qu'il s'agit d'une balle comprenant un noyau (41) non comprimé d'un agrégat meuble constitué de petites particules solides fluides spécifiques d'une matière inerte non toxique pour l'environnement et sans effets nocifs pour les individus; la balle se caractérisant en ce qu'elle présente des propriétés balistiques en extérieur qui sont pratiquement identiques à celles de la balle classique correspondante à noyau en plomb à l'exception des propriétés balistiques dépendant du poids de la balle qui peuvent être, inférieures, égales ou supérieures à celles de la balle à noyau en plomb. Le procédé de fabrication comprend le vibroremplissage de l'agrégat après l'immersion de la chemise de balle vide dans une unité (51) de remplissage contenant l'agrégat de noyau.
PCT/DK1999/000090 1998-02-27 1999-02-26 Balle sans plomb destinee a des armes de petit calibre WO1999044006A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK25998A DK175171B1 (da) 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Blyfrit projektil og fremgangsmåde til dets fremstilling
DK0259/98 1998-02-27

Publications (1)

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WO1999044006A1 true WO1999044006A1 (fr) 1999-09-02

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WO (1) WO1999044006A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898933A (en) 1973-03-21 1975-08-12 Haut Rhin Manufacture Machines Training bullet for fire arms
WO1990001385A1 (fr) * 1988-08-02 1990-02-22 Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag Procede de production de corps consolides
FR2664039A1 (fr) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-03 Sauvestre Jean Claude Alliages mixtes organiques-metalliques pour realisation de projectiles.
WO1995023952A1 (fr) * 1994-03-01 1995-09-08 Edb S.A. Projectile non polluant pour arme a feu
WO1997027447A1 (fr) * 1996-01-25 1997-07-31 Remington Arms Company, Inc. Projectile desintegrant sans plomb

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898933A (en) 1973-03-21 1975-08-12 Haut Rhin Manufacture Machines Training bullet for fire arms
WO1990001385A1 (fr) * 1988-08-02 1990-02-22 Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag Procede de production de corps consolides
FR2664039A1 (fr) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-03 Sauvestre Jean Claude Alliages mixtes organiques-metalliques pour realisation de projectiles.
WO1995023952A1 (fr) * 1994-03-01 1995-09-08 Edb S.A. Projectile non polluant pour arme a feu
WO1997027447A1 (fr) * 1996-01-25 1997-07-31 Remington Arms Company, Inc. Projectile desintegrant sans plomb

Also Published As

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DK175171B1 (da) 2004-06-21
DK25998A (da) 1999-08-28

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