Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
  • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
  • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
  • F24H1/263—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body with a dry-wall combustion chamber

Definitions

• the fins are essentially continuous in the circumferential direction with the exception of two respective localized interruptions, diametrically opposite with reference to said axis, due to an interruption d respective entry and a respective exit interrupt, the entry interruptions being situated on the same side of said axis and longitudinally aligned to form a part of the entry manifold and the exit interruptions being situated on the other side of said axis and longitudinally aligned to form a part of the outlet manifold.
• the part of the longitudinal wall corresponding to said front zone has a longitudinal chute aligned longitudinally with the input interruptions and communicating with them to form a part of the input manifold. It is easy to see that such a chute ensures efficient guidance of the combustion gases towards the entry interruptions and towards the transverse channels delimited in particular by the fins.
• the ferrule in addition to or as a replacement, provision can also be made for the ferrule to have a longitudinal light facing part of the inlet interruptions constituting a part of the inlet manifold, which not only ensures direct recovery of the combustion gases. tending to run along the longitudinal wall in the front zone of the casing, but also the combustion gases which, either because they have escaped from the chute if such a chute is provided, or because they have disengaged radially of the flame, come into contact with the shell in the rear zone of the envelope.
• This light is advantageously constituted by a longitudinal slot arranged in the ferrule and also facilitating the mounting and dismounting of the ferrule, by allowing a reduction of its transverse dimensions by pinching said slot, according to a preferred embodiment according to which the ferrule is removably inserted into the envelope.
• the part of said longitudinal wall corresponding to said rear area has, opposite exit interruptions, at least one longitudinal lumen constituting a part of the outlet manifold. This ensures as efficient recovery as possible of the combustion gases leaving the different channels.
• the fins can also have localized interruptions, of generally smaller transverse dimensions, which on the one hand facilitate the distribution and the release of the stresses of expansion and on the other hand establish between the guide channels an intercommunication allowing the gases to pass from a channel which, for example, would become blocked with the neighboring channels.
• these additional interruptions are provided on each fin in two diametrically opposite copies and placed at right angles to the interruptions corresponding to the inlet and outlet manifolds, with reference to said axis, but this arrangement is only a nonlimiting example.
• the fins are integral with said longitudinal wall.
• baffles of these guide channels can for their part be made of refractory plate in the form of strips inserted in the channels and corrugated in cross section.
• Means for delimiting a water circulation chamber in contact with transverse and longitudinal walls, outside the envelope, are advantageously made in one piece with these walls, in foundry.
• the front module also comprises a section of said longitudinal wall of the envelope, means for delimiting the water circulation chamber in contact with this section, the corresponding fins and the corresponding input and output manifolds, so that it can " also be used without being associated with a rear module, and in this case corresponds to the minimum power offered by the modular design.
• the shell is preferably common to the sections of the longitudinal wall of the casing corresponding to the front module and to the planned number of rear modules.
• FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a boiler equipped with a heating body according to the invention, seen in section through a vertical plane of symmetry, that is to say by a vertical plane including the longitudinal axis, here horizontal, of the heater.
• Figure 5 shows a top view of the envelope, in section through a horizontal plane including the longitudinal axis and marked in VV in Figure 3.
• Figure 6 shows, in a cross-sectional view marked in VI -VI to Figure 5, the mounting of a baffle strip in one of the channels of the combustion gas passage chamber. 10
• FIG. 7 shows a view of this assembly in section through a longitudinal half-plane limited by the longitudinal axis and identified in VII in FIG. 6.
• FIG. 8 illustrates, in a perspective view similar to that of FIG. 2, a modular version of the heating body according to the invention.
• This boiler 1 comprises, inside a bodywork 2, for example generally rectangular, a heating body 3 having a longitudinal axis 4, here horizontal, around which the heating body 3 has a general shape of revolution. More specifically, the heating body 3 is essentially formed of two mutually integral components, namely a casing 5 and a ferrule 6, each of which itself has essentially a symmetry of revolution around the axis 4.
• the envelope 5, more particularly visible in FIGS. 2 to 5, is advantageously made in a single piece of casting which, with reference to a determined longitudinal direction 7, comprises in particular: a rear transverse end 8, open, bordered by a flat wall 9 annular, transverse, to which is removably and tightly fixed, for example by bolting in a manner not shown, a 11
• insulated transverse door 48 carrying a burner 10 suitable for the type of fuel used and capable of emitting a flame along axis 4, in direction 7, when the boiler 1 is in service, - a transverse front end 11 closed by a wall transverse 12 in the shape of a concave cap towards the rear, and a periphery 13 closed by a longitudinal wall 14 at least approximately cylindrical of revolution around the axis 4, so as to delimit a longitudinal focus 15 blind towards the front, where it is closed by the wall 12, and open towards the rear in the absence of the door 48, the wall 14 proper, however, thus delimiting the hearth 15 only in a front zone 16 of the envelope.
• the wall 14 is doubled towards the axis 4 by the ferrule 6, in the form of an approximately cylindrical longitudinal tube of revolution around the axis 4 and defining in this rear zone 17 , with the wall 14, an annular chamber 18 for the passage of combustion gases.
• the walls 12 and 14 are lined with a respective wall 19, 20, the wall 9 mutually connecting the walls 14 and 20 around the open end 8 of the casing 5.
• the door 48 can also internally delimit a sealed chamber for the circulation of water 22, connected to the chamber 21.
• the ferrule 6 is placed in the direct longitudinal extension of the part 27 of the wall 14 corresponding to the front zone 17, and bears flat, forwards, against the part 29 of the wall 14, near immediate mutual connection of parts 27 and 29 thereof, by a flat edge 30, annular of revolution around the axis 4.
• the ferrule 6 is produced by forming a refractory sheet, and it is removably inserted inside the casing 5 so as to allow it to be dismantled for cleaning the chamber 18 and then reassembled, or still his exchange.
• the ferrule 6 in the inserted state inside the envelope 5 has an open longitudinal slot 62, extending from its edge 30 to its edge 32 and extending over the rim 33.
• This slot 62 which has a width, measured circumferentially with reference to the axis 4, just sufficient to allow it to intervene in the combustion gas circuit which will be described later, also makes it possible to elastically deform the ferrule 6 in the direction of reduction of its transverse dimension to allow its extraction and its insertion with respect to the envelope 5.
• curved or straight spacers 34 oriented substantially circumferentially with reference to axis 4 are arranged for example in the front and rear end zones of the slot 62, which retains them by pinching.
• the cumulative longitudinal dimension of the spacers 34 is small enough that they do not hinder 14
• the ferrule 6 In the state inserted inside the casing 5, the ferrule 6 is retained in the latter by a form of force fitting, due to its elasticity tending to increase its transverse dimension, helped if necessary by this effect by the action of the spacers 34, and by pressing in the direction of a distance with respect to the axis 4, due to this elastic tendency, on fins 35 arranged inside the chamber 18 and advantageously produced in one piece with the part 28 of the wall 14, to define, with this part 28 and the ferrule 6, channels 36 for guiding the combustion gases inside the chamber 18.
• the fins 35 could also be reported inside the envelope 5 without departing from the scope of the present invention, since they would be placed in thermal conduction relationship with the wall 14 in order to transmit the heat in the best conditions combustion gases to the water 22 passing through the chamber 21.
• the fins 35 and the channels 36 which they help to define are annular and transverse.
• the fins 35 are annular, flat, of revolution about the axis 4 to which they are respectively perpendicular. Essentially, they are continuous in circumferential direction, around this axis 4, with the exception of two respective localized interruptions, diametrically opposite with reference to axis 4, and more precisely arranged along the same mean vertical plane 37 including this axis 4 and constituting the section plane of Figures 1 and 4, that is to say a plane of symmetry for the set of heating coros 3, due to an interruption / 40376
• the interruptions 38 thus defined in each fin 35 by two edges 42 have a cross section which decreases from front to rear and, as can be seen more particularly from FIG. 2, the cross sections s interruptions 39 respectively bordered by two edges 42 of a fin 35 grow rearward, in order to best distribute the combustion gases in the different channels 36, from the 16
• the fins 35 are equidistant longitudinally, the fin 35 closest to the open end 8 is placed in direct extension of the wall 9 and the fin 35 closest to the part 29 of the wall 14 is placed at a longitudinal distance from this part 29 which corresponds to l. 1 mutual longitudinal spacing between two fins 35, but other arrangements could also be chosen without departing from the scope of the present invention.
• each fin 35 is delimited by a respective cylindrical edge 44 of revolution around this axis, the diameters of the different edges 44 being identical and greater than the inside diameter of the part 27 of the wall 14, by a value which corresponds substantially to the wall thickness of the ferrule 6 in its tubular part 31, so that this tubular part 31 extends the part 27 of the wall 14 towards the rear without forming a noticeable detachment inside the hearth 15.
• the fins 35 may have, in addition to the interruptions 38 and 39 corresponding to the inlet 40 and outlet 41 manifold, localized interruptions 45 having the form of notches arranged in their edge 35, radially with reference to axis 4, on a radial dimension less than that which mutually separates the edges 44 of the fins 35 and the part 28 of the wall 14.
• These interruptions 45 having for example transversely an isosceles trapezoid shape as is also the case of interruptions 38 and 39, generally do not provide a gas passage function from one channel 36 to the other and essentially serve to absorb the expansion of the fins 36 and to facilitate operations 17
• interruptions 38 and 39 are mutually aligned in the longitudinal direction and there are, for example, two sets arranged in diametrically opposite positions with reference to the axis 4, in a mean horizontal plane 46 including this axis 4 and constituting the section plane of FIG. 5. They have a cross section much smaller than that of the interruptions 38 and 39.
• the inlet manifold 40 further comprises a longitudinal chute 47 hollowed out in the part 27 of the wall 14 as well as in a peripheral zone of the wall 12 corresponding to the transition of the latter with the wall 14, and this chute 47, having in reference to the wall 12 and at the part 27 of the wall 14, a depth which gradually increases towards the rear, is symmetrical with respect to the plane 37 and aligned longitudinally with the interruptions 38 of the fins 35.
• the combustion gases which are emitted towards the front by the flame and then guided by the wall 12 towards the periphery thereof, that is to say radially in the direction of a distance from the axis 4, and which then come along part 27 of wall 14 rush into the chute 47 and, through the latter, arrive at the interruptions 38 of the fins 35 to feed the different channels 36 in parallel and traverse the chamber 18 in the form of transverse half-rings, ascending in the zones of the channels 36 located respectively on either side of the plane 37, symmetrically with respect to the latter, to exit the channels 36, in parallel, at the interruptions 39 thereof and meet in the outlet manifold 41 after a heat exchange with the water 22, either directly through the parts 28 and 29 of the wall 14, or indirectly via the fins 35 placed in thermal conduction relationship with the part 28 of the wall 14 itself placed in contact with water 22.
• the corresponding fins 35 may extend inside the light 49, in particular by their edges 43, in a manner not illustrated but easily understood by a person skilled in the art.
• the wall 20 forms a flange 51 of removable and sealed connection, for example by screwing, with a smoke box 52 arranged longitudinally, running along the casing 5 above it and leading to a evacuation 53 of combustion gases, generally to the atmosphere.
• a smoke box 52 arranged longitudinally, running along the casing 5 above it and leading to a evacuation 53 of combustion gases, generally to the atmosphere. This trajectory, covered by most of the combustion gases, has been shown diagrammatically in FIG.
• the generators defining the bottom wall 59 of the chute 47 are preferably slightly curved, concave towards the axis 4, so as to ensure said connection with the part 28 of the wall 14 but, taking into account the low angular development of the bottom wall 59 of the chute 47 with reference to axis 4, they can be considered as approximately rectilinear, with an acceptable degree of approximation.
• flank walls 60 advantageously connect to the part 29 of the wall 14 along a respective rectilinear edge 61, the two edges 61 spreading out mutually in the direction of approximation vis -with respect to the axis 4 in the same way as the edges 42 bordering the interruption 38 of each fin 35.
• the walls 59 and 60 are made in one piece with the rest of the envelope 5.
• the gases reaching zone 17 bend downward along the tubular wall 31 of the shell 6, as shown by an arrow 63 on the one side of the shell 6 which is entirely illustrated in FIG. 2, thus moving downwards to the lumen or slot 62, then penetrate into the latter as shown in the diagram by an arrow 64, then follow along the channels 36 the transverse trajectory imposed by the fins 35 , until reaching the outlet manifold 41 respecting the same path, shown diagrammatically by the arrows 58, as the combustion gases collected via the chute 47. / 40376
• FIG. 8 illustrates such a modular embodiment of a heating body according to the invention.
• This shell has been designated by the reference 106 in FIG. 8, to take account of the increase in the longitudinal dimension of its tubular wall 131, moreover quite similar to the tubular wall 31, 26
• the other parts of the shell 6, including the slot 162, arranged as is indicated previously, is held open by spacers 134 identical in all respects to the spacers 34 but the number of which may be greater, in relation to the elongation of the wall 131, and for example three, due to an extreme spacer front, an extreme rear spacer and an intermediate spacer placed between the two preceding ones, equidistant from each other, at the junction of the two modules 3 and 103.
• the walls 109, 128, 129, 120 together define, in a sealed manner, a sealed chamber 121 for circulation of the water 22 also circulating in the chamber 21 of the casing 5 of the module 3, the mutual connection of these two chambers 21 and 121 in order to allow such circulation to take place in a manner not shown, but well known to a person skilled in the art, by any appropriate means such as biconical tips called “Nipples”.
• the envelope 105 is joined, flat, by its wall 129 to the wall 9 of the envelope 5, and the two envelopes are assembled together by any suitable means, also not shown but also well known to a Man. of the trade, such as rods forming tie rods.
• the wall 109 which delimits, for the heating body formed by the two modules 3 and 103, a rear transverse end 108, open, at all points identical to the rear end 8 of the heating body 3 described in reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 and, like this one, capable of receiving in a removable and sealed manner a thermally insulated transverse door, possibly in water, carrying a burner suitable for the type of fuel used and capable of emitting a flame along axis 4 , in direction 7, when the boiler 101 comprising the heating body consisting of the two modules 3 and 103 is in service.
• This assembly of the door and the burner has not been illustrated, but a person skilled in the art will readily understand that it obviously follows from the assembly previously described, and illustrated in FIG. 1.
• the flange 133 of the shell 106 rests on the wall 109, in the same way as the rim 33 of the shell 6 rests on the wall 9 of the casing 5 of the heating body 3 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 . 28
• the fins 135 have, in the direct longitudinal extension of the interruptions 38 of the fins 35 of the module 3, interruptions 138 delimited as the interruptions 38 of the fins 35, so that the combustion gases are brought in parallel to the channels 36 and 136 by the chute 47 and by means of the longitudinal alignment of the interruptions 38 and 138 of the fins 35 and 135, as is schematized by the arrows 57, which are identical, and by arrows 157 which extend the arrows 57 backwards then divide in a circumferential direction, at the level of the interruptions 138, as the arrows 57 do at the interruptions 38.
• the combustion gases are brought in parallel to the channels 36 and 136 by the lumen 162 of the wall 131 of the shell 106, after having followed a diagrammatic trajectory ised by the arrows 63 and 64 which are found identically on the part of the wall 131 of the shell 106 which corresponds to the module 3, and by arrows 163 and 164 reproducing these arrows 63 and 64 at the level of the part of this wall 131 which corresponds to the module 103.
• the combustion gases accomplish in parallel with one and the other of these channels and in parallel with the channels 36 an upward circumferential trajectory, with reference to the axis 4, respectively of on either side of a longitudinal, mean vertical plane not shown but corresponding to plane 37, as shown schematically by arrows 158 identical to arrows 58 which are found 29
• this output collector 141 further comprises a longitudinal light 149, at all points identical to the light 49 and common to all or practically all of the interruptions 139, which light 49 passes right through the wall 128 and the corresponding part of the wall 120 while being sealed against the water circulation chamber 121 by a tubular wall 150 at all points identical to the wall 50 and opening out at- above the wall 120 by a flange 151 of removable and sealed connection, for example by screwing, with a smoke box at any point comparable to the smoke box 52 except that it is thus connected not only to the flange 151 of the outlet manifold 141 of the module 103 but also to the flange 51 of the outlet manifold 41 of the module 3.
• the fins 135 have, in the longitudinal alignment of the interruptions 45, not visible in FIG. 8, fins 35 of the interruptions 145 at all points identical to the interruptions 45 and ensuring the same function and in the channels 136 of the module 103 as in the channels 36 of the module 3 can be inserted bands at all points identical to the bands 66 to define baffles there as in the case 30
• the heating body formed by the assembly of modules 3 and 103 behaves like the heating body 3 described with reference to Figures 1 to 7, which would have increased the longitudinal dimensions of the rear area 17 of the casing 5 in which the hearth 15 is delimited peripherally not by the longitudinal wall 14 of the latter, but by the ferrule 6, while the front zone 16, delimited by the only module 3 as it is by the heating body 3 described with reference to module 3, would remain unchanged.
• the envelopes 5 of the module 3 and 105 of the module 103 complement each other so that the part 28 of the wall 14 of the envelope 5 and the wall 128 of the envelope 105, placed in the extension longitudinal from one another and having for example the same diameter, can be considered as two sections of the same longitudinal wall, substituted for the part 28 of the wall 14 of the casing 5 of the heating body 3 described in reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, just as the ferrule 106 replaces the ferrule 6 with increased longitudinal dimensions, to delimit a transverse annular chamber for the circulation of combustion gases, at all points comparable to chamber 18 of the heating body 3 described with reference to FIGS.
• the combustion gas circulation chamber thus formed by the chambers 18 of the module 3 and 118 of the module 103 is divided into annular channels 36 by transverse partitions 35 at the level of the module 3 and into annular channels 136 by transverse partitions 135 at the level of the module 103, the channels 36 and 136 being supplied in parallel by a longitudinal manifold inlet formed by the inlet manifolds 40, 140 and serving in parallel a longitudinal outlet manifold formed by the outlet manifolds 41,141 as the channels 36 of the heating body 3 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 are fed in parallel by the input collector 40 thereof and serve its output collector 41 in parallel.
• module 103 behind module 3 makes it possible to double the trajectory traversed transversely, in parallel, by the combustion gases in comparison with the trajectory that they traverse in the single heating body 3 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, as soon as a number and dimensioning of the fins 135 and of the channels 136 is adopted which are substantially identical to the number and the dimensioning of the fins 35 and channels 36.
• modules of the type described with reference to the rear module 103 could be multiplied, behind a module 3, to further increase this transverse trajectory by multiplying the transverse channels traversed in 32
• This front module would include the chute 47.
• this front module would be completed by longitudinal juxtaposition, towards the rear, of a number of modules rear at all points identical to the module 103 previously described, and whose water circulation chambers 121 would communicate with the part of the chamber 21 which would thus remain at the level of the front module 3.
• the number and dimensioning of the modules 103 would be adapted to the power so uhaottie for the boiler.
• This variant embodiment has not been illustrated but it is easily deduced from a comparison between the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 8 and the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Air Supply (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
• Resistance Heating (AREA)
• Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1998
  • 1998-02-03 FR FR9801206A patent/FR2774459B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-02-02 UA UA99116030A patent/UA44366C2/uk unknown
  • 1999-02-02 DE DE69903771T patent/DE69903771T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-02-02 RU RU99123191/06A patent/RU2191955C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-02-02 DK DK99901692T patent/DK0975919T3/da active
  • 1999-02-02 PT PT99901692T patent/PT975919E/pt unknown
  • 1999-02-02 CN CNB998002011A patent/CN1138950C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-02-02 AT AT99901692T patent/ATE227410T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-02-02 EP EP99901692A patent/EP0975919B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-02-02 TR TR1999/02472T patent/TR199902472T1/xx unknown
  • 1999-02-02 ES ES99901692T patent/ES2185305T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-02-02 WO PCT/FR1999/000217 patent/WO1999040376A1/fr active IP Right Grant
• 2000
  • 2000-11-16 HK HK00107292A patent/HK1028097A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (4)

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