WO1999036250A1 - Procede de realisation d'une structure porteuse tubulaire - Google Patents

Procede de realisation d'une structure porteuse tubulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999036250A1
WO1999036250A1 PCT/DE1999/000040 DE9900040W WO9936250A1 WO 1999036250 A1 WO1999036250 A1 WO 1999036250A1 DE 9900040 W DE9900040 W DE 9900040W WO 9936250 A1 WO9936250 A1 WO 9936250A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
outer skin
frame
separating edge
core
wheel frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1999/000040
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jörg PAULY
Original Assignee
M 1 - Sporttechnik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19900835A external-priority patent/DE19900835A1/de
Application filed by M 1 - Sporttechnik Gmbh filed Critical M 1 - Sporttechnik Gmbh
Publication of WO1999036250A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999036250A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/70—Completely encapsulating inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
    • B29C70/865—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding completely encapsulated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tubular support structure according to the preamble of claim 1 and support structures which are manufactured in particular by this method.
  • Such a method is used in particular for the production of two-wheel frames.
  • this method can also be used in other areas of technology and products in which a high-strength supporting structure with a low weight is desired.
  • the frame type mainly used here is the so-called monocoque frame, which is not only made entirely of plastic, but is also made from one piece. Compared to metal and plastic frames made from individual components, it is stiffer and therefore less dampens the driving force. In addition, it can be made more aerodynamic by using fiber composite technology in contrast to classic metal processing. Such a method for producing a high-quality two-wheel frame is described for example in DE 43 08 370 C2.
  • a solid fusible core is first formed in an auxiliary mold with the shape of the inner surface of the desired shaped body.
  • a core body provided with a jacket is formed by completely enveloping the core with an elastic, gas-tight jacket material.
  • a molded body blank is then created by wrapping the core body with a fiber material, which blank is impregnated with reactive plastic either before or after the wrapping.
  • the molded body blank is inserted into a divisible mold and a pressure medium is fed directly into the gap between the surface of the solid core and the inner surface of the shell via the shell opening, so that the impregnated fiber material is pressed against the inner wall of the mold.
  • the shaped body blank is then cured by the action of pressure and heat and then the core is melted and let out of the now finished shaped body.
  • the invention has the object of providing a support structure and process for producing 'a supporting structure such to provide, in which the method and apparatus technical effort is reduced to a minimum.
  • the foam core has several advantageous properties. On the one hand, it serves as a positioning element in the gluing or pressing and additionally, as will be explained later, during the pressing step takes over the function of the pressure generator from the inside, which means the complex and complicated use of a fusible core and a gas-tight jacket or its Applying pressure to the fiber material for shaping.
  • the foam core also serves as a support for the reinforcing elements, which can be attached both to and in the core. This enables high-strength, but also space-saving support structures to be produced.
  • an outer skin which is manufactured using the deep-drawing process, offers the advantage of a freer design of the geometric shape than, for example, in classic metal processing, and on the other hand you get surfaces that no longer need to be reworked.
  • the method on which the invention is based allows fasteners or inserts to be anchored therein via undercuts even while the outer skin is being deep drawn. This prevents destruction of the support structure when such inserts are retrofitted.
  • prefabrication of the outer skin in the deep-drawing process offers the possibility of adapting it to recesses preformed in the core, so that three-dimensional structures, such as e.g. Names, logos, images, embossments and hollows can be formed on the surface of the supporting structure.
  • the core is covered with a layer of fiber material before the outer skin is connected to the foam core covered with reinforcing elements, an improvement in the strength of the construction of the supporting structure according to the invention is achieved with only a slight increase in weight.
  • the separating edge formed during the pressing is brought into a predetermined shape with predetermined dimensions in an additional method step.
  • This separating edge offers several advantages. By precisely matching the number of reinforcing fibers pressed in the separating edge, the separating edge can be used as a highly stable load-bearing element.
  • the geometry of the separating edge which is preferably rounded off in the transition to the actual frame, prevents indentations and also achieves technical advantages such as an optimized flow of force.
  • Fastenings for example for containers, can also be attached to the separating edge. It is also possible to integrate components, such as metal holders for fasteners, in the separating edge.
  • the separating edge is covered with padding, the cyclist receives optimal protection when it hits the frame, especially in the event of a fall. Furthermore, despite the aesthetic aspect, the covering edge of the separating edge does not dispense with the stabilizing properties of the separating edge.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a two-wheel frame according to a support structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the axis X-X 'indicated in FIG. 1 of a two-wheel frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section along the axis X-X 'indicated in FIG. 1 of a two-wheel frame according to a further embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section along the axis X-X 'indicated in FIG. 1 of a two-wheel frame according to the invention with a further development on the separating edge;
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section along the axis X-X 'of a two-wheeled frame indicated in FIG. 1, in which recesses are provided or inserts are anchored in the outer skin via undercuts.
  • the description of the figures describes the manufacture of a support structure according to the first embodiment.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment in which the support structure is designed as a two-wheel frame 1.
  • This has a curved central region (central support), at the end sections of the steering head with a receptacle for the steering head tube 32 and a receptacle 26 are designed for the bottom bracket.
  • a freely projecting seat post support with a receptacle 34 for the seat tube is formed approximately in the central region of the central body.
  • a circumferential separating edge 10 is formed, which is covered with padding 12 in the section between the control head tube 32 and the seat tube 34.
  • special fixing or reinforcement elements 24, a 'front cover 30 and a contour provided with a logo 20 can be seen on the bicycle frame. 1
  • the frame is designed as a closed profile, for example with an oval cross section.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 shown below are cross sections taken along the axis X-X 'of a frame strut.
  • the cross sections of the two-wheel frames 1 according to the preferred embodiments have an approximately elliptical or oval shape, the straight line containing the focal points representing the axis of symmetry or vertical axis V of the shape and lying within the frame plane.
  • the separating edge 10 is also aligned along this vertical axis V.
  • a step is formed at approximately a quarter of the total height of the mold in the vertical direction from above, in which a lower section with a larger radius of curvature merges into an upper section with a smaller radius of curvature.
  • the reinforcement elements 4 attached to or in the foam core 2 are arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis V both in the upper and in the lower section and thereby extend the separating edge 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a two-wheeled frame 1, which is produced according to the first embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the two-wheeled frame 1 produced according to the method described below has a core 2, which is not necessarily designed with the comparatively simple cross-section shown in FIG. 2, but in which three-dimensional structures can also be incorporated (see FIG. 5).
  • the core 2 for example, (expandable polystyrene) of an EPS, PU (polyurethane) foam or similar materials loading 'is, is usually supplied by suppliers in the desired configuration, and has already been provided with recesses 20 for receiving further Provide components (for inserts, brackets, etc.).
  • reinforcement elements 4 which consist, for example, of metal, injection molding or carbon, can be foamed directly or subsequently introduced into the core 2. Furthermore, the reinforcing elements 4 and inserts or holders can be attached to the core outer surface 2 subsequently.
  • Aluminum for example, can be used as the metal for the reinforcing elements.
  • the positioning or fastening is carried out by means of special adhesives or adhesive tapes or by mechanical connections, such as for example plug-in or press connections in prefabricated or foamed placeholders or clamps or the like. A combination of several variants is also conceivable.
  • the core 2 provided with reinforcing elements 4 is covered according to a specially developed and tested occupancy plan with an intermediate layer of fiber material 8, which consists for example of glass, aramite, polyamide, carbon fibers or carbon fibers etc. or their mixed materials. It is also conceivable to use a so-called “sandwich” structure instead of the simple layer of fiber material 8, in which rigid foam plates are inserted between two layers of fiber material. However, it is important to align the assignment according to whether a separating edge 10 that is created during pressing should be retained as a stabilizing element on the finished two-wheeled frame 1, or whether it is cut off during post-processing. So that the separating edge 10 receives its high-strength structure, part of the assignment must be integrated in it.
  • the molded part or core 2, which is made of fiber material 8, is also called “mummy".
  • the step of covering the core 2 with an intermediate layer of fiber material 8 can be omitted.
  • Resin which consists, for example, of epoxy or PU resin, is applied in defined amounts to the mummy or core 2 created in this way.
  • the resin can be applied automatically by a computer-controlled spraying system, by a bar caster or manually by spreading the amount of resin with a brush or doctor blade.
  • the "wet" mummy provided with the fresh resin application or the resin-coated core 2 is then brought to the press system, which usually has a press mold with two movable mold halves.
  • the press system which usually has a press mold with two movable mold halves.
  • an outer skin 6 made of a thermoplastic film 6 or a layer 6 of shock-absorbing material is introduced into the mold surfaces of the two mold halves in each case using the vacuum deep-drawing method.
  • the thermoplastic film 6 consists, for example, of ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), ASA (acrylic rubber-styrene-acrylonitrile), PC (polycarbonate) or PMMA (polymethylmedacrylate) and the layer 6 damping material, for example made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or foamed PE (polyethylene) plates.
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • ASA acrylic rubber-styrene-acrylonitrile
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMMA polymethylmedacrylate
  • the layer 6 damping material for example made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or foamed PE (polyethylene) plates.
  • one film web is aligned with respect to the lower or upper mold half, heated and a vacuum is applied so that the film webs lie completely over the mold surfaces of the respective mold halves. This negative pressure is maintained until the "wet" mummy or core 2 is inserted into the mold. After pressing in the mold, the thermoplastic film 6 or the layer 6 of damping material form the outer skin 6 of the supporting structure 1. This process is known in the technical literature as the "double deep-drawing process".
  • preform the surface layer 6 or outer skin 6 in special separate deep-drawing molds it is also possible to preform the surface layer 6 or outer skin 6 in special separate deep-drawing molds. It is also conceivable to produce the outer skin 6 separately instead of using the deep-drawing process in other processes, such as, for example, the RTM (resin transfer molding) process. In this variant, the solidified outer skin 6, which already has the relevant contours, is inserted into the production mold in a further operation. This separate preforming of the outer skin 6 makes it possible to achieve short cycle times.
  • the "wet" mummy or core 2 is in one of the
  • Molded halves of the production mold are inserted, the position being fixed with reference to the prefabricated outer skin element 6 via components which were inserted in the mold half in an initial process step.
  • the mold is then closed after a predetermined time or pressure curve. If the mold halves have been moved towards one another or pressed to a distance of approximately 1 to 2 mm, the complete closing takes place only after a certain period of time in order to ensure that the excess resin required for the process is driven off.
  • the foam core 2 is dimensioned such that it has a local oversize together with the fiber covering 8 in the press mold, which means that a press pressure can be built up from the inside. This pressing pressure distributes the resin on the surface and presses it through the fiber layers 8 so that they are all sufficiently impregnated with synthetic resin.
  • the separating edge 10 that arises during pressing deserves special attention.
  • the occupancy with fiber material 8 is made more generous in order to ensure that a high-strength separating edge 10 is formed during pressing with part of the occupancy.
  • the press edge gap which can be designed differently, is dimensioned so that an optimal resin content is achieved.
  • a particular advantage of the separating edge 10 lies in the fact that, on the one hand, special reinforcing elements 24, especially for reinforcement in the tension / compression area, and on the other hand components 24, such as metal receptacles for fastenings, can be integrated into it.
  • the two-wheel frame 1 is finally cured at the pressure and the temperature required for the method, depending on the requirement, for about 30 minutes. It is particularly important here that a stabilized state of hardening is ensured in order to ensure that to avoid borrowing of frame 1. To optimize the cycle time, it is also possible to subsequently temper the two-wheeled frame 1 in special holders.
  • the pressing process is understood not only as the pressure / temperature application in a pressing tool, but also any pressure increase, for example by chemical reactions (cf. RIM (Reaction Injection Molding) process) or others.
  • RIM Reaction Injection Molding
  • the product obtained after the pressing process is distinguished by an excellent surface quality, so that the subsequent finishing of the supporting structure 1 essentially consists of the finishing of the separating edge 10 in order to remove possible sharp corners or edges. Furthermore, any openings that may be provided, such as for bottom bracket 26 or headset, must be drilled out or milled.
  • the separating edge 10 is cut off with special tools, such as milling devices, in order to obtain an aesthetic shape with the additional effect of a lower weight.
  • the parts necessary for the operation of a two-wheeler such as guides, headsets, bottom brackets, etc. are attached to the frame 1.
  • an insert can be integrated here or a seal can be created using a blowing agent-containing synthetic resin.
  • the relatively soft thermoplastic film 6 or layer 6 of damping material must be removed from the bottom bracket receptacle 26 in order to avoid any play that may subsequently occur.
  • a metal O-ring on the headset can provide the necessary reinforcement.
  • a front cover 30 (see FIG. 1), a so-called “front cover”, can be attached in the control head area, which consists, for example, of metal such as aluminum, injection molding, carbon, etc.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section of a two-wheel frame 1, which is made according to another embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the separating edge 10 formed during the pressing which in this respect lies in the frame plane, is brought into a predetermined shape with predetermined dimensions in a further method step during the post-processing, for example by means of milling devices.
  • this is rounded off and can have a dimension or width B of approximately 10 to 30 mm in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the frame plane V.
  • the separating edge 10 not only has the advantage that it improves the stability of the two-wheel construction, but also that it can also be used to fasten components.
  • the geometry of the separating edge 10, which is preferably rounded in the transition to the actual frame, prevents indentations and also achieves technical advantages such as an optimized flow of force.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section along the axis X-X 'indicated in FIG. 1 of a two-wheel frame according to the invention with a development on the separating edge;
  • the separating edge 10 is covered here with an elastic padding 12, which consists, for example, of EVA or foamed PE or PU panels. This not only gives the cyclist protection in the event of a rough impact on the frame, especially in the event of a fall, but the aesthetic aspect is also taken into account by hiding the separating edge 10 under the padding 12.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section along the axis X-X 'indicated in FIG. 1 of a two-wheel frame 1, which has the cross section shown in FIG. 4.
  • recesses 20 are provided or inserts 22 are anchored in the outer skin via undercuts.
  • Possibilities for receiving peripheral components such as inserts 22, fastening elements 22 or cutouts 20 are illustrated below.
  • One measure consists in permanently anchoring inserts 22, such as fastening elements, in the outer skin 6 via undercuts.
  • inserts 22 to be anchored in the outer skin 6 are fixed in the upper mold half with pins etc.
  • the subsequent deep-drawing of the surface or outer skin 6 consisting of the thermoplastic film 6 or the layer 6 of damping material through the thermal deformation of the outer skin suitably surrounds the inserts 22 inserted into the mold half.
  • the inserts 22 are anchored stably and permanently in the outer skin 6 via undercuts.
  • Another measure consists in creating two- or three-dimensional structures 20, such as recesses 20 or elevations 20, on the frame 1.
  • these structures 20 must be taken into account in or on the core 2 covered with fiber material 8 and on the other hand in the prefabricated outer skin 6.
  • the deep-drawing processes in which the desired three-dimensional structure 20 only has to be formed in the corresponding mold half, offer a simple possibility of also producing complicated three-dimensional structured surface layers. It is conceivable to use the cutouts 20 thus created by subsequently gluing, gluing, screwing on or chemical or thermal welding of inserts, fastening elements, decorative elements etc. as functional devices or simply leaving them as an aesthetic feature.
  • An advantage of the frame construction according to the invention is that, for example, a full carbon frame can also be produced with the same molds or molds.
  • the fiber layer 8 applied to the core 2 and the outer skin 6 surrounding this fiber layer 8 it is possible to use Prebreg (fiber material impregnated with reactive plastic) made of synthetic resin, Prebreg with thermoplastic or wet laminate.
  • the mold halves must be heatable here.
  • the invention is in no way related to the production of Two-wheel frame 1 limited, but also extends to other areas of application.
  • a method for producing a support structure 1, in particular a two-wheeled frame 1, which has at least one strut made of plastic, the strut having a foam core 2 provided with reinforcing elements 4, which is surrounded by an outer skin 6 ' and connected to it by means of a resin is.
  • the core In order to improve the stability of the support structure 1, it is possible to provide the core with a layer of fiber material 8 before the outer skin 6 is applied, or to use the separating edge 10 obtained during the pressing of the support structure as a functional device, with and without special reinforcing elements 24 ensures a high-strength structure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une structure porteuse, en particulier d'un cadre de bicyclette, qui comporte au moins un tube constitué de matière plastique dont la partie centrale (2) est formée d'une mousse pourvue d'éléments de renforcement (4) et recouverte d'une peau extérieure (8), ladite partie centrale étant liée à ladite peau au moyen d'une résine. Afin que la stabilité de cette structure porteuse soit améliorée, il est possible, avant l'application de la peau extérieure, de recouvrir la partie centrale d'une couche de matériau fibreux, ou bien d'util iser le bord de séparation obtenu lors du pressage de la structure porteuse comme dispositif fonctionnel garantissant la formation d'une structure très résistante avec ou sans éléments de renforcement.
PCT/DE1999/000040 1998-01-13 1999-01-13 Procede de realisation d'une structure porteuse tubulaire WO1999036250A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19800929.1 1998-01-13
DE19800929 1998-01-13
DE19900835A DE19900835A1 (de) 1998-01-13 1999-01-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer rohrförmigen Tragstruktur
DE19900835.3 1999-01-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999036250A1 true WO1999036250A1 (fr) 1999-07-22

Family

ID=26043063

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1999/000040 WO1999036250A1 (fr) 1998-01-13 1999-01-13 Procede de realisation d'une structure porteuse tubulaire

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1999036250A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1004355B (el) * 2002-09-11 2003-09-29 Νικολαος Γρηγοριου Παντελελης Συμπαγες κελυφωτο πλαισιο ποδηλατου απο συνθετα υλικα
WO2005099997A1 (fr) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-27 France (Qld) Pty Ltd Articles encapsules formes sous vide
US8691527B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2014-04-08 Intrexon Corporation Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
CN105061963A (zh) * 2015-07-24 2015-11-18 苏州天健竹业科技有限公司 一种自行车车架用碳纤维材料的制备方法
CN107599442A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2018-01-19 朱元勇 一种自行车车架及其一体成型制造方法

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4713032A (en) * 1983-08-12 1987-12-15 Taa Technique And Administration Ag Sailboards and surfboards as well as manufacturing process thereof
WO1988001561A1 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-10 Lahdenperae Reijo Structure de profile moule et procede de production
JPH01269686A (ja) * 1988-04-20 1989-10-27 Masanori Yasuhara 強化プラスチツク型自転車およびその類似車両を構成する部品およびその製造方法
EP0595607A1 (fr) * 1992-10-27 1994-05-04 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Article moulé composite et son procédé de fabrication

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4713032A (en) * 1983-08-12 1987-12-15 Taa Technique And Administration Ag Sailboards and surfboards as well as manufacturing process thereof
WO1988001561A1 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-10 Lahdenperae Reijo Structure de profile moule et procede de production
JPH01269686A (ja) * 1988-04-20 1989-10-27 Masanori Yasuhara 強化プラスチツク型自転車およびその類似車両を構成する部品およびその製造方法
EP0595607A1 (fr) * 1992-10-27 1994-05-04 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Article moulé composite et son procédé de fabrication

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Title
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8691527B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2014-04-08 Intrexon Corporation Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
US8715959B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2014-05-06 Intrexon Corporation Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
US9029152B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2015-05-12 Rheogene, Inc. Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
US9322026B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2016-04-26 Intrexon Corporation Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
US10190124B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2019-01-29 Intrexon Corporation Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
GR1004355B (el) * 2002-09-11 2003-09-29 Νικολαος Γρηγοριου Παντελελης Συμπαγες κελυφωτο πλαισιο ποδηλατου απο συνθετα υλικα
WO2005099997A1 (fr) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-27 France (Qld) Pty Ltd Articles encapsules formes sous vide
CN105061963A (zh) * 2015-07-24 2015-11-18 苏州天健竹业科技有限公司 一种自行车车架用碳纤维材料的制备方法
CN107599442A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2018-01-19 朱元勇 一种自行车车架及其一体成型制造方法

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