WO1999020570A1 - Matiere composite comprenant un plastique biodegradable et une matiere fibreuse - Google Patents

Matiere composite comprenant un plastique biodegradable et une matiere fibreuse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999020570A1
WO1999020570A1 PCT/JP1998/004719 JP9804719W WO9920570A1 WO 1999020570 A1 WO1999020570 A1 WO 1999020570A1 JP 9804719 W JP9804719 W JP 9804719W WO 9920570 A1 WO9920570 A1 WO 9920570A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composite material
water
fiber
biodegradable plastic
material according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1998/004719
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazumichi Ushio
Toshihide Suenobu
Katsuharu Endo
Akira Morikawa
Susumu Ishikawa
Soichi Sueto
Yuji Koizumi
Original Assignee
Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Gunze Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Gunze Limited filed Critical Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO1999020570A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999020570A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
    • C02F3/108—Immobilising gels, polymers or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention is a composite material obtained by combining the biodegradable plastic and fibrous material, in co especially nitrate nitrogen contained in aquatic animals breeding water (N0 3 convenient, inexpensive and efficiently removed, promote the growth of aquatic plants It is intended to provide a composite material having an effect of causing the composite material to have an effect.
  • ammonium and nitrite nitrogen are highly toxic and may cause fish and the like to die in some cases.Nitrate is also low in toxicity, causing such a serious situation. None.
  • nitrate nitrogen is not further decomposed in an aerobic environment and its concentration in water gradually increases.
  • Aquatic animals such as fish that are kept for a long time in breeding aquariums containing high concentrations of nitrate nitrogen have an increased morbidity and a high rate of abnormal behavior and color.
  • Methods for lowering the nitrate nitrogen concentration include changing the breeding water, denitrifying by microorganisms, and growing aquatic plants in the same tank.
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have found that a specific nutrient source for a specific microorganism and a fiber having a space in which the microorganism can form a stable microflora in an aquatic animal and plant growth tank.
  • a specific nutrient source for a specific microorganism and a fiber having a space in which the microorganism can form a stable microflora in an aquatic animal and plant growth tank By immersing a composite material that combines the materials and creating an anaerobic environment in the space, microorganisms can efficiently decompose nitrate nitrogen dissolved in water to nitrogen gas (N 2 ), Succeeded in promoting the growth of.
  • N 2 nitrogen gas
  • the biodegradable plastic is a homopolymer of / 3-hydroxybutyric acid
  • the biodegradable plastic is ⁇ -hydroquinbutyric acid and / or S-hydroxyvaler
  • the composite base material according to the above (1) which is a copolymer of an acid
  • the water to be treated according to the present invention includes all aquariums, fish pens, and ponds used for breeding aquatic animals such as fish, mollusks and crustaceans living in freshwater and seawater, and for growing aquatic plants such as algae. , Including river water.
  • the composite material used in the present invention is immersed in the water to breed aquatic animals or grow aquatic plants.
  • the immersion place of the composite material is usually the bottom of a water tank, a pond, a riverbed, etc., but it may be attached to the side of the water tank, leaned upright, or placed in a filtration device.
  • biodegradable plastic as used in the present invention means a high molecular compound that is decomposed into low molecular compounds by the participation of microorganisms in nature.
  • Such biodegradable plastics include, for example, homopolymers of ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid (HB); copolymers of 3-hydroxydranic acid and / 9-hydroxyvaleric acid (HV) Homopolymers of lactic acid, copolymers of lactic acid and / 3-hydroxybutyric acid, copolymers of 1,4-butanediol and succinic acid, and polymers of starch and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • PHB homopolymers of ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid
  • HV 9-hydroxyvaleric acid
  • PHB -hydroquinbutyric acid and / 3-hydroxyvaleric acid
  • PHB -hydroquinbutyric acid and / 3-hydroxyvaleric acid
  • the shape of the biodegradable plastic may be any shape such as sheet-like, granular, powdery, etc., but the sheet-like plastic is suitable for adjusting anaerobic conditions together with the fiber material in water.
  • its thickness can be appropriately selected depending on the size of the aquarium and the type and number of aquatic animals and plants, but it is usually from 0.5 to 10 thighs, preferably from 0.3 to 2 ram.
  • the diameter of the abalone is usually from 0.05 to 10.0 mm, preferably from 0.1 to 5.0.
  • the composite material of the present invention is made by combining a fiber material with the biodegradable plastic.
  • the porosity of the fibrous material is preferably 10 to 98%, more preferably 20 to 95%, and the porosity prepares an anaerobic environment inside the fibrous material, and the denitrifying bacteria are implanted. However, it becomes an important space for breeding.
  • Examples of the fiber material used in the present invention include those derived from nature such as plant fiber, animal fiber, and mineral fiber, and those obtained from synthetic fiber including semi-synthetic fiber.
  • Vegetable fiber is derived from plants, and the fiber itself is rich in hydrophilicity, and the penetration of microorganisms into the fiber and the implantation rate are extremely high.
  • yam fiber such as coir, pitz and husk, and hemp fiber such as sisal
  • palm fibers and the like are preferable
  • coconut fibers are particularly preferable.
  • Animal fibers include, for example, silk and wool derived from animals
  • mineral fibers include mineral-derived rock wool, asbestos and glass wool.
  • Synthetic fibers are fibers made of artificially synthesized high-molecular substances, such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, and polypropylene that are durable in water.
  • Semi-synthetic fibers are fibers obtained from chemical derivatives of natural fibers, such as acetate and rayon.
  • the shape of the fibrous material includes, for example, a mat shape, a cloth, a thread shape, a net shape, a bag shape or a shape obtained by appropriately combining them, and a shape obtained by cutting them into an appropriate size.
  • the mat is, for example, a sheet formed by depositing or tangling single or twisted yarns of fiber, and has a thickness of usually 1 to 100 mm, preferably 5 to 50 mm, and a porosity of normal 100. 998%, preferably 20 995%, or a three-dimensional mesh-like structure made of synthetic resin, like ⁇ wet brush '', with the same porosity and thickness as those described above. Have.
  • a specific example of the three-dimensional network structure is a structure in which a flexible polyurethane foam is hydrolyzed to dissolve the cell membrane wall, leaving a three-dimensional network skeleton.
  • the size of the cells in the three-dimensional network structure is about 5 to 80 cells, preferably 8 to 60 cells per inch.
  • the cloth may be woven or non-woven cloth, and its thickness is usually about 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably about 0.3 to 3 mm.
  • the yarn may be a single fiber or a twisted yarn.
  • One preferable example of the shape of the fiber material of the present invention is one in which fibers of various shapes are held on at least one cloth or net.
  • the shape of the fiber may be any form such as a single fiber, a twisted yarn, a woven fabric, and a nonwoven fabric.
  • a more suitable example is a structure in which a large number of single fibers or twisted yarns are interposed between two sheets, cloths or nets to ensure a certain gap.
  • Such a fiber material is combined with a biodegradable plastic to make the composite material of the present invention.
  • the biodegradable plastic is in the form of a sheet and the fibrous material has a flat structure such as mat, cloth, net, etc., it is sufficient to simply overlap them, and to secure the appropriate places with thread or metal fittings. However, partial bonding may be performed with an adhesive. If the biodegradable plastic is in the form of granules or powder, it may be entangled or sandwiched between the fibrous materials, or placed in a cloth bag.
  • nitrate nitrogen (N 0 3 -) microorganisms decomposed into nitrogen (N 2) for example Shiyudomonasu Denis triflate Ikan scan (Pseudmonas denitrificans), Bruno Rakotsukasu Denis Bok Rifuikansu (Paracoccus denitrificans), Acre force Li Genesu Denitrifying bacteria such as Fucharis (Alcaligenes faecal is) are involved. Since these fungi are microorganisms that are resident in aquatic animal and plant growth tanks, there is no need to externally enter these microorganisms into the tank.
  • a composite material in which a biodegradable plastic and a fiber material are combined is placed on, for example, the bottom or wall of a water tank, a pond, a riverbed, or the like.
  • composite materials with voids The denitrifying bacteria implantation, breeding to nitrate nitrogen (N 0 3 -) in reducing to nitrogen (N 2), it is necessary that the internal composite material is placed in an anaerobic environment.
  • the outer surface of the composite material must be loosely or incompletely separated from the aerobic environment where the aquatic plants and animals grow by a water-impermeable membrane or layer.
  • the dissolved oxygen concentration in an anaerobic environment for denitrifying bacteria to efficiently reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen and promoting plant growth is 2.O mg / liter or less, preferably 0.2 mg / liter or less. More preferably, it is not more than 0.1 lm gZ liter.
  • sand, gravel, glass beads, etc. may be applied to the composite material as a partition layer to an appropriate thickness, or a poorly permeable membrane may be applied to the upper surface of the composite material, or attached. There is a way to do that.
  • the average particle size of sand and glass beads that can be used is 1 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm.
  • water-impermeable membrane examples include membranes made of a material slightly permeable to water, such as a cloth made of natural fibers or synthetic resin fibers, a resin foam having open cells, and a resin film having a large number of pores.
  • the fibrous material on the upper surface of the composite material is impervious to water, there is no need to apply a further coating thereon.
  • the environment that allows the water containing nitrate nitrogen to flow into the composite material little by little while maintaining the anaerobic environment described above is established. Good.
  • denitrifying bacteria that have landed on the biodegradable plastic decompose and assimilate the plastic with enzymes, and aquatic plants grow using the excretion of the degrading bacteria as a nutrient source.
  • Denitrifying bacteria also propagate and reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen. Water with reduced nitrate nitrogen concentration inside the composite
  • the biodegradable plastic in the composite of the present invention is decomposed by microorganisms in any direction.
  • the biodegradable plastic is in sheet form, it will be substantially biodegraded on the outer surface of the composite to prevent biodegradation from the outer surface of the composite.
  • a film or sheet that is substantially impermeable to water can be provided.
  • Suitable materials for the non-biodegradable film or sheet are plastics such as nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl. The thickness of these films or sheets can be whatever thickness is achieved,
  • test fish After purchase, test fish are preliminarily bred and used, which has no abnormalities in feeding, body color and swimming, etc., and use as a test invertebrate baburenoreuranoru (Plerogyro sinuosa) and hysango (Lobophyllia sp.) And Paramecium (Sabellastartc sp.) Were used without preliminarily rearing after purchase.
  • test tank used was a 150 liter glass tank.
  • the breeding water was collected from the beginning of breeding on the 0th and 7th days and thereafter every 7 days until the 84th day, and the nitrate ion concentration was measured.
  • test animals were fed flaked food 200 mgZ days during the breeding period.
  • Test animals were angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare), which bred in this laboratory and showed no abnormalities in feeding, body color, swimming, etc., and neontetra (Paracheirodon), which had been reared for at least one month after purchase. innesi), Corydoras pale atus, and Caridina japonica.
  • test tank used was a 57-liter glass tank.
  • the composite material was laid on the bottom of the water tank in the same manner as in Example 1, and 3 liters of Oiso sand (particle size: 1 minute) was spread over the composite material to completely bury the composite material. Wool mat is installed in the upper filtration tank.
  • control group no composite material was used, and the other conditions were the same.
  • Deionized water was used as the breeding water, and the water temperature was maintained at 25 ⁇ 2 ° C and left to circulate for 7 days. After that, breeding was started with 5 test animals each and 1 plant of aquatic plants.
  • Breeding water was collected every 7 days from the start of breeding up to 91 words.
  • the test animals were fed flaked food for 10 OmgZ days during the breeding period.
  • nitrate ion increased to 29.5 ppm on day 28 and to 56.7 ppm on day 56.
  • the composite material installation plot was less than 12 ppm throughout the test period. This suggests that the accumulation of nitrate ions was suppressed by the proliferation of denitrifying bacteria due to the installation of the composite material.
  • the aquatic plants used in the test of this example were large leaf 'Hygrophila guianensis', five strains of which were removed after purchase, leaving about 1 cm of roots.
  • the test animals were breeding in this laboratory and had no abnormalities in feeding, body color, swimming, etc. 5 fish (Pterophyllum scalare), which were pre-bred, purchased, fed, Five neon tetras (Paracheirodon innesi) and five yamato numaehi (Caridina japonica), which showed no abnormal swimming, were used.
  • a glass tank with a capacity of 150 liters was used for the test tank.
  • the area using the palm fiber mat composite material is the experimental section 1 and the area using the synthetic fiber mat composite material is the experimental section 2)
  • either of the above two composite materials is placed on the bottom of the water tank. Lay them side by side, and on top of that, 15 liters of Oiso sand (particle size 1 minute) will be of uniform thickness
  • the composite material was completely buried. Wool mat is installed in the upper filtration tank.
  • the lighting equipment used two fluorescent lamps (30 wx x 2) so that the illuminance of the bottom floor surface was about 3,500 lux, and the lighting time was 12 hours a day.
  • test animals were given flake food at 20 O mg / day during the breeding period.
  • the composite material of the present invention can easily, inexpensively and efficiently remove nitrate nitrogen contained in water by simply immersing it in aquatic animal and plant growth water, and use organic fertilizer at the same time. Since the growth of aquatic plants can be promoted without the need for water removal, it is extremely useful for removing nitrate nitrogen in aquatic animal breeding tanks, promoting plant growth in aquatic plant growth tanks, and improving water quality in ponds and rivers.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une matière composite comprenant un plastique biodégradable et une matière fibreuse, notamment une matière dont la porosité varie dans la plage située entre 10 % et 98 %. Lorsqu'elle est immergée dans une eau où des animaux et des plantes aquatiques se développent, cette matière élimine l'azote des nitrates contenus dans l'eau. De ce fait, l'environnement qui favorise la croissance des animaux aquatiques est maintenu de façon appropriée et les plantes aquatiques se développent.
PCT/JP1998/004719 1997-10-21 1998-10-19 Matiere composite comprenant un plastique biodegradable et une matiere fibreuse WO1999020570A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9/306599 1997-10-21
JP30659997 1997-10-21
JP12280398 1998-04-15
JP10/122803 1998-04-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999020570A1 true WO1999020570A1 (fr) 1999-04-29

Family

ID=26459858

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1998/004719 WO1999020570A1 (fr) 1997-10-21 1998-10-19 Matiere composite comprenant un plastique biodegradable et une matiere fibreuse

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1999020570A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100465106C (zh) * 2007-02-07 2009-03-04 浙江天科高新技术发展有限公司 一种复合人造纤维材料的制备方法及用途

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5791795A (en) * 1980-11-27 1982-06-08 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Reduction of nitrate form nitrogen contained in waste water
JPH0655188A (ja) * 1992-06-25 1994-03-01 Carl Freudenberg:Fa 生物学的に運転される清澄化プロセスのための平板状の生物学的に分解可能な支持材料
JPH07163991A (ja) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-27 Chisso Corp 繊維成形物及びその製造方法
JPH07275878A (ja) * 1994-04-05 1995-10-24 Canon Inc 微生物浄水材料およびこれを用いる浄水装置ならびに浄水方法
JPH1085752A (ja) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-07 Nkk Corp 廃水処理方法
JPH10165177A (ja) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-23 Susumu Maruyama 細菌着床具およびその製造法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5791795A (en) * 1980-11-27 1982-06-08 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Reduction of nitrate form nitrogen contained in waste water
JPH0655188A (ja) * 1992-06-25 1994-03-01 Carl Freudenberg:Fa 生物学的に運転される清澄化プロセスのための平板状の生物学的に分解可能な支持材料
JPH07163991A (ja) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-27 Chisso Corp 繊維成形物及びその製造方法
JPH07275878A (ja) * 1994-04-05 1995-10-24 Canon Inc 微生物浄水材料およびこれを用いる浄水装置ならびに浄水方法
JPH1085752A (ja) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-07 Nkk Corp 廃水処理方法
JPH10165177A (ja) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-23 Susumu Maruyama 細菌着床具およびその製造法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100465106C (zh) * 2007-02-07 2009-03-04 浙江天科高新技术发展有限公司 一种复合人造纤维材料的制备方法及用途

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