WO1999020434A1 - Magnetic holding device for blanks made of ferromagnetic sheet steel which are to be welded to one another - Google Patents

Magnetic holding device for blanks made of ferromagnetic sheet steel which are to be welded to one another Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999020434A1
WO1999020434A1 PCT/EP1998/006341 EP9806341W WO9920434A1 WO 1999020434 A1 WO1999020434 A1 WO 1999020434A1 EP 9806341 W EP9806341 W EP 9806341W WO 9920434 A1 WO9920434 A1 WO 9920434A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
clamping
magnetic
blanks
clamping plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/006341
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dieter Scheuvens
Mohamed Tohfa
Hermann Bies
Thomas Stegemann-Auhage
Original Assignee
Thyssen Krupp Stahl Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssen Krupp Stahl Ag filed Critical Thyssen Krupp Stahl Ag
Publication of WO1999020434A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999020434A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0408—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work for planar work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/15—Devices for holding work using magnetic or electric force acting directly on the work
    • B23Q3/154—Stationary devices
    • B23Q3/1546—Stationary devices using permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B25B11/002—Magnetic work holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

Definitions

  • Magnetic clamping device for blanks made of ferromagnetic sheet steel to be welded together
  • the invention relates to a magnetic clamping device for blanks to be welded together from ferromagnetic steel sheet with a clamping plate and at least one permanent magnet integrated in the clamping plate, which pulls the sheet metal blanks against the clamping plate with its magnetic force in its cutting position close to the cutting.
  • Magnetic clamping devices of this and a similar type serve e.g. to fix the sheet metal blanks to one another during a welding process, without the accessibility being impaired by clamping elements. They enable this definition of the cuts not only for linear welding joints, but also for curved welding joints. Magnetic clamping devices work either with electromagnets or with permanent magnets or with a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets (DE 40 26 156 AI; DT 26 47 503 AI).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a magnetic clamping device for blanks to be welded together along a linear or curved weld joint made of ferromagnetic sheet metal, which can be implemented without great expense in terms of device technology.
  • the blanks are operated exclusively with the force of one or more permanent magnets. Whether or not the blanks are clamped on the clamping plate by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet depends solely on the position in which the actuator has brought the permanent magnet. Since the magnetic force decreases with the square of the distance, only small adjustment paths of the permanent magnet are required, on the one hand to hold the blanks securely during the welding process and on the other hand to release the blanks when the welding process has ended or new cuts are to be placed on the clamping plate. Since only permanent magnets are used, there is also no heating of the clamping device, which cannot be avoided when using electromagnets. Therefore, the tensioning device according to the invention does not require cooling.
  • the tensioning device according to the invention is therefore not very complex in terms of the device structure.
  • the device is also very easy to maintain due to the low expenditure on device technology.
  • the causes of malfunctions can be easily identified due to the purely mechanical structure and can be eliminated much more easily with simple means than with electromagnets, where a malfunction on the magnet generally requires a complete exchange of the electromagnet with core and coil.
  • the actuator is a cylinder-piston unit coupled to the permanent magnet, the piston of which can either be pressurized on both sides or can be pressurized on one side against the force of a spring, which acts on the permanent magnet in the direction of its clamping position.
  • a spring which acts on the permanent magnet in the direction of its clamping position.
  • a further effect is associated with such a surface-protecting covering or also another covering, which consists in the covering acting as a spacer element and therefore the permanent magnet can be detached from the blank with less force.
  • the surface-protecting covering can at the same time encapsulate the permanent magnet covered by it and the adjusting device arranged below it, if it extends beyond the permanent magnet into the area of the clamping plate.
  • permanent magnets that can be set independently of one another should be provided on both sides of the weld joint of the blanks.
  • a splash guard can be provided on both sides of the welding joint.
  • FIG. 2 the tensioning device of FIG. 1 with blanks in vertical section along the line I - I of FIG. 1, 3 shows the tensioning device according to FIG
  • FIG. 4 shows a clamping device without blanks in a different design from FIG. 1 in supervision
  • FIG. 5 shows the tensioning device according to FIG. 4 with
  • Figure 6 shows a clamping device in one of the
  • the magnetic clamping device comprises a two-part clamping plate 1, 2, which form a gap 3 between them, where a linear welding joint 5 of plane blanks 4, 5 not shown in FIG. 1, but shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, does to be placed.
  • Several permanent magnets 6,7,8,9,10,11 are integrated in each clamping plate 1,2.
  • baffles 12, 13 are provided along the gap 3 on the underside of the clamping plate 1, 2.
  • a laser beam 14 is used to weld the blanks 4,5 of different thicknesses that butt against one another.
  • the side of the permanent magnet 6 facing the blank 4 has a coating 15 which, when it comes into direct contact with the blank 4, provides this Scratching protects.
  • the covering 15 can extend into the area of the clamping plate 1 in order to cover the entire space underneath, as is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3.
  • the outside of the covering 15 should lie in the upper position of the permanent magnet 6 and the top of the clamping plate 1 in one plane.
  • Each permanent magnet 6 is carried by a piston rod 16 of a piston 17 of a cylinder-piston unit 18.
  • the cylinder piston 17 is loaded by a spring 19 in the direction of the blank 5, so that the permanent magnet 6 is held on a stop 20 in its clamping position shown in the drawing.
  • the piston 17 can also be loaded with a pressure medium in the direction of the blank 5 via a feed line 21.
  • the piston 17 can be acted upon on the top side by a pressure medium supplied via a line 22.
  • the permanent magnet 6 acts on a blank 5 in the clamping position, the blank 5 is held without requiring additional pressure on the piston 17 or the force of the spring 19.
  • the entire cylinder-piston unit 18 is encapsulated in a housing pot 23, which is attached to the underside of the clamping plate 1.
  • the magnetic clamping device generally comprises one or more permanent magnets of the type described for each blank 4, 5, so that the blank is independent can be positioned from each other and clamped, as shown in Figure 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 While the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended for blanks 4, 5 to be welded to one another along a linear weld joint S, the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 4 to 6 are intended for welding blanks with a circular weld joint S *.
  • a two-part clamping plate 24, 25 is provided, the two parts 24, 25 of which form a circular gap 26 between them, where the weld joint S * of a blank 27 with a circular recess and one inserted therein Round 28 comes to rest.
  • several permanent magnets 29 of the type shown in FIG. 3 are integrated in part 24 of the clamping plate.
  • a large permanent magnet 30 is integrated in the central part 25 of the clamping plate, but has the same structure as that of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 6 differs from that of FIGS. 4 and 5 only in that several small permanent magnets 31 are provided instead of one large permanent magnet 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic holding device which holds the blanks (4), said blanks being made of ferromagnetic sheet metal and are to be welded to one another, on a fixing plate (1) by the force of a permanent magnet (6). The permanent magnet (6) can be adjusted from the holding position thereof on the blank (4) to a withdrawn neutral position by means of an adjusting cam in the form of a cylinder piston unit (18). In the neutral position, the magnetic force of the magnet on the blank (4) is too small in order to be able to hold the blank (4) on the fixing plate (1).

Description

Magnetische Spannvorrichtung für miteinander zu verschweißende Zuschnitte aus ferromagnetischem StahlblechMagnetic clamping device for blanks made of ferromagnetic sheet steel to be welded together
Die Erfindung betrifft eine magnetische Spannvorrichtung für miteinander zu verschweißende Zuschnitte aus ferromagnetischem Stahlblech mit einer Spannplatte und mindestens einem n der Spannplatte integrierten Permanentmagneten, der in seiner zuschnittnahen Spannposition mit seiner Magnetkraft die Blechzuschnitte gegen die Spannplatte zieht.The invention relates to a magnetic clamping device for blanks to be welded together from ferromagnetic steel sheet with a clamping plate and at least one permanent magnet integrated in the clamping plate, which pulls the sheet metal blanks against the clamping plate with its magnetic force in its cutting position close to the cutting.
Magnetische Spannvorrichtungen dieser und ahnlicher Art sind bekannt. Sie dienen z.B. dazu, wahrend eines Schweißvorganges die Blechzuschnitte zueinander festzulegen, ohne daß dabei die Zuganglichkeit durch Spannelemente beeinträchtigt wird. Sie ermöglichen diese Festlegung der Zuschnitte nicht nur bei linear verlaufenden Schweißfugen, sondern auch bei gekrümmt verlaufenden Schweißfugen. Magnetische Spannvorrichtungen arbeiten entweder mit Elektromagneten oder mit Permanentmagneten oder mit einer Kombination von Elektromagneten und Permanentmagneten (DE 40 26 156 AI; DT 26 47 503 AI) .Magnetic clamping devices of this and a similar type are known. They serve e.g. to fix the sheet metal blanks to one another during a welding process, without the accessibility being impaired by clamping elements. They enable this definition of the cuts not only for linear welding joints, but also for curved welding joints. Magnetic clamping devices work either with electromagnets or with permanent magnets or with a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets (DE 40 26 156 AI; DT 26 47 503 AI).
Bei Spannvorrichtungen, die nur mit Elektromagneten arbeiten, fließt wahrend des Betriebes der Spannvorrichtung Strom. Sie wird dadurch aufgeheizt, so daß sie gekühlt werden muß. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß es aufgrund einer durch die Erwärmung verursachten Dehnung der Spannvorrichtung zu unerwünschten Bewegungen der festzuspannenden Zuschnitte kommen kann.In tensioning devices that only work with electromagnets, current flows during the operation of the tensioning device. This heats it up so that it has to be cooled. Another disadvantage is that it increases due to an expansion of the tensioning device caused by the heating unwanted movements of the blanks to be clamped.
Bei mit Permanent- und Elektromagneten kombinierten Spannvorrichtungen werden die Zuschnitte während des Schweißbetriebes nur durch die Permanentmagnete gehalten. Die Elektromagnete dienen dazu, ein Gegenfeld aufzubauen, um die Magnetkraft der Permanentmagnete stark zu reduzieren, insbesondere zu neutralisieren, wenn die Zuschnitte für den Schweißvorgang auf der Spannplatte positioniert werden und nach dem Schweißvorgang von der Spannplatte abgenommen werden sollen. Aber auch in diesen Fällen kann auf eine Kühlung der Magnete nicht verzichtet werden, weil sie in den Pausen des Schweißbetriebes aufgeheizt werden. Neben diesem Nachteil besteht der weitere Nachteil, daß solche Permanent- und Elektromagnete aufweisende Spannvorrichtungen einen nicht unerheblichen vorrichtungstechnischen Aufwand erforderlich machen und im Falle einer Störung am Elektromagneten in der Regel dessen komplette Auswechslung erforderlich machen.In the case of clamping devices combined with permanent and electromagnets, the blanks are held only by the permanent magnets during the welding operation. The electromagnets serve to build up an opposing field in order to greatly reduce the magnetic force of the permanent magnets, in particular to neutralize them, if the blanks for the welding process are positioned on the clamping plate and are to be removed from the clamping plate after the welding process. But even in these cases, the magnets cannot be cooled because they are heated up during the breaks in the welding operation. In addition to this disadvantage, there is the further disadvantage that such clamping devices having permanent and electromagnets require a not inconsiderable expenditure in terms of device technology and, in the event of a fault in the electromagnet, generally necessitate its complete replacement.
Bei einer bekannten Spannvorrichtung zum Ausrichten von zu verschweißenden plattenförmigen Werkstücken (DE 195 48 618 Cl) sind mehrere Gruppen von aktivierbaren Magnetspannelementen aus einer neutralen Position in eine zuschnittnahe Spannposition mittels Hubelementen verstellbar. Um die aktivierbaren Magnetspannelemente nach der Schweißarbeit wieder in die neutrale Position zu überführen, ist es erforderlich, zunächst die Magnetspannelemente zu deaktivieren. Anschließend werden die Hubelemente mit den darauf sich abstützenden Magnetspannelementen abgesenkt. Bei einer solchen Spannvorrichtung erfolgt also das Festspannen und Lösen der miteinander zu verschweißenden Zuschnitte durch die Kombination von mechanischen Hubelementen und aktivierbaren Magnetspannelementen. Wegen des Einsatzes von aktivierbaren Magnetspannelementen und der dadurch notwendigen Ansteuerung der Magnetspannelemente ist eine solche Vorrichtung verhältnismäßig aufwendig.In a known clamping device for aligning plate-shaped workpieces to be welded (DE 195 48 618 Cl), several groups of activatable magnetic clamping elements can be adjusted from a neutral position into a clamping position close to the cut by means of lifting elements. In order to bring the activatable magnetic clamping elements back into the neutral position after the welding work, it is first necessary to deactivate the magnetic clamping elements. Then the lifting elements with the magnetic clamping elements supported on them are lowered. With such a clamping device, clamping and loosening take place the blanks to be welded together through the combination of mechanical lifting elements and activatable magnetic clamping elements. Because of the use of activatable magnetic clamping elements and the necessary control of the magnetic clamping elements, such a device is relatively complex.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine magnetische Spannvorrichtung für längs einer linearen oder gekrümmten Schweißfuge miteinander zu verschweißende Zuschnitte aus ferromagnetischem Blech zu schaffen, die ohne großen vorrichtungstechnischen Aufwand realisierbar ist .The invention has for its object to provide a magnetic clamping device for blanks to be welded together along a linear or curved weld joint made of ferromagnetic sheet metal, which can be implemented without great expense in terms of device technology.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Spannvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß der Permanentmagnet mit einem Stellglied aus seiner zuschnittnahen Spannposition in eine zuschnittferne Neutralposition verstellbar ist, in der seine an den Zuschnitten wirksame Magnetkraft zu klein ist, um die Zuschnitte auf der Spannplatte festzuspannen .This object is achieved with a clamping device of the type mentioned in that the permanent magnet is adjustable with an actuator from its close clamping position to a neutral position remote from the cut, in which its magnetic force acting on the blanks is too small to clamp the blanks on the clamping plate .
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spannvorrichtung wird ausschließlich mit der Kraft eines oder mehrerer Permanentmagneten an den Zuschnitten operiert. Ob die Zuschnitte durch die Magnetkraft des Permanentmagneten auf der Spannplatte festgespannt werden oder nicht, hängt einzig und allein von der Position ab, in die das Stellglied den Permanentmagneten gebracht hat. Da die Magnetkraft mit dem Quadrat der Entfernung abnimmt, sind nur kleine Stellwege des Permanentmagneten erforderlich, um einerseits die Zuschnitte während des Schweißvorganges sicher festzuhalten und andererseits die Zuschnitte freizugeben, wenn der Schweißvorgang beendet ist oder neue Zuschnitte auf der Spannplatte plaziert werden sollen. Da nur mit Permanentmagneten gearbeitet wird, kommt es auch nicht zu der beim Einsatz von Elektromagneten nicht zu vermeidenden Aufheizung der Spannvorrichtung. Deshalb macht die erfindungsgemäße Spannvorrichtung auch keine Kühlung notwendig. Insgesamt ist also die erfindungsgemäße Spannvorrichtung im vorrichtungstechnischen Aufbau wenig aufwendig. Hinzu kommt, daß aufgrund des geringen vorrichtungstechnischen Aufwandes die Vorrichtung auch sehr wartungsfreundlich ist. Ursachen für Betriebsstörungen lassen sich wegen des rein mechanischen Aufbaus leicht erkennen und können mit einfachen Mitteln wesentlich leichter als bei Elektromagneten beseitigt werden, bei denen eine Störung am Magneten in der Regel einen kompletten Austausch des Elektromagneten mit Kern und Spule erforderlich macht.In the tensioning device according to the invention, the blanks are operated exclusively with the force of one or more permanent magnets. Whether or not the blanks are clamped on the clamping plate by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet depends solely on the position in which the actuator has brought the permanent magnet. Since the magnetic force decreases with the square of the distance, only small adjustment paths of the permanent magnet are required, on the one hand to hold the blanks securely during the welding process and on the other hand to release the blanks when the welding process has ended or new cuts are to be placed on the clamping plate. Since only permanent magnets are used, there is also no heating of the clamping device, which cannot be avoided when using electromagnets. Therefore, the tensioning device according to the invention does not require cooling. Overall, the tensioning device according to the invention is therefore not very complex in terms of the device structure. In addition, the device is also very easy to maintain due to the low expenditure on device technology. The causes of malfunctions can be easily identified due to the purely mechanical structure and can be eliminated much more easily with simple means than with electromagnets, where a malfunction on the magnet generally requires a complete exchange of the electromagnet with core and coil.
Nach einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Stellglied eine mit dem Permanentmagneten gekoppelte Zylinder-Kolben-Einheit, deren Kolben entweder doppelseitig mit Druck beaufschlagbar ist oder einseitig gegen die Kraft einer Feder mit Druck beaufschlagbar ist, die auf den Permanentmagneten in Richtung seiner Spannposition wirkt. Bei der ersten Alternative dieser Ausgestaltung ist es erforderlich, den Kolben sowohl für die Bewegung des Permanentmagneten in seine Spannposition als auch für seine Bewegung in die Neutralposition mit Druck zu beaufschlagen, während bei der zweiten Alternative die Bewegung des Permanentmagneten in seine Spannposition durch die Feder bewirkt wird und der Permanentmagnet nur aus seiner Spannposition in die Neutralposition durch Beaufschlagung des Kolbens bewegt wird. Um die Oberflächen der Zuschnitte beim Spannen zu schonen, sollte der Permanentmagnet an seiner dem Zuschnitt zugewandten Seite mit einem oberflächenschonenden Belag versehen sein. Mit einem solchen oberflächenschonenden Belag oder auch einem anderen Belag ist ein weiterer Effekt verbunden, der darin besteht, daß der Belag als Distanzelement wirkt und deshalb das Ablösen des Permanentmagneten von dem Zuschnitt mit kleinerer Kraft möglich ist. Der oberflächenschonende Belag kann gleichzeitig auch den von ihm abgedeckten Permanentmagneten und die darunter angeordnete Stellvorrichtung einkapseln, wenn er sich über den Permanentmagneten hinaus bis in den Bereich der Spannplatte erstreckt.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the actuator is a cylinder-piston unit coupled to the permanent magnet, the piston of which can either be pressurized on both sides or can be pressurized on one side against the force of a spring, which acts on the permanent magnet in the direction of its clamping position. In the first alternative of this configuration, it is necessary to apply pressure to the piston both for the movement of the permanent magnet into its clamping position and for its movement into the neutral position, while in the second alternative the spring causes the movement of the permanent magnet into its clamping position and the permanent magnet is only moved from its clamping position to the neutral position by acting on the piston. In order to protect the surfaces of the blanks when clamping, the permanent magnet should be provided with a surface-protecting coating on its side facing the blank. A further effect is associated with such a surface-protecting covering or also another covering, which consists in the covering acting as a spacer element and therefore the permanent magnet can be detached from the blank with less force. The surface-protecting covering can at the same time encapsulate the permanent magnet covered by it and the adjusting device arranged below it, if it extends beyond the permanent magnet into the area of the clamping plate.
Vorzugsweise sollten zu beiden Seiten der Schweißfuge der Zuschnitte voneinander unabhängig stellbare Permanentmagnete vorgesehen sein. Um die Magnete mit ihren Zylinder-Kolben-Einheiten vor Schweißspritzern zu schützen, kann beidseitig der Schweißfuge ein Spritzschutz vorgesehen sein.Preferably, permanent magnets that can be set independently of one another should be provided on both sides of the weld joint of the blanks. In order to protect the magnets with their cylinder-piston units from welding spatter, a splash guard can be provided on both sides of the welding joint.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer Ausführungsbeispiele darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing showing exemplary embodiments. In detail show:
Figur 1 eine magnetische Spannvorrichtung ohne1 shows a magnetic clamping device without
Zuschnitte in isometrischer Darstellung,Blanks in isometric representation,
Figur 2 die Spannvorrichtung der Figur 1 mit Zuschnitten im Vertikalschnitt längs der Linie I - I der Figur 1, Figur 3 die Spannvorrichtung gemäß Figur 2 imFIG. 2 the tensioning device of FIG. 1 with blanks in vertical section along the line I - I of FIG. 1, 3 shows the tensioning device according to FIG
Vertikalschnitt längs der Linie I - I der Figur 1 in vergrößerter und komplettierter Darstellung im Ausschnitt,Vertical section along the line I - I of Figure 1 in an enlarged and completed representation in detail,
Figur 4 eine Spannvorrichtung ohne Zuschnitte in einer zur Figur 1 anderen Ausführung in Aufsicht,FIG. 4 shows a clamping device without blanks in a different design from FIG. 1 in supervision,
Figur 5 die Spannvorrichtung gemäß Figur 4 mit5 shows the tensioning device according to FIG. 4 with
Zuschnitten im Vertikalschnitt nach der Linie II - II der Figur 4 in vergrößerter Darstellung im AusschnittCuts in vertical section along the line II - II of Figure 4 in an enlarged representation in the cutout
u n dand
Figur 6 eine Spannvorrichtung in einer zu derFigure 6 shows a clamping device in one of the
Spannvorrichtung der Figur 4 abgewandelten Ausführung in Aufsicht.4 modified version in supervision.
Die magnetische Spannvorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 bis 3 umfaßt eine zweiteilige Spannplatte 1,2, die zwischen sich einen Spalt 3 bilden, wo eine linear verlaufende Schweißfuge 5 von in Figur 1 nicht, wohl aber in Figur 2 und 3 dargestellten, ebenen Zuschnitten 4,5 zu plazieren ist. In jeder Spannplatte 1,2 sind mehrere Permanentmagnete 6,7,8,9,10,11 integriert. Zum Schutz vor Schweißspritzern sind längs des Spaltes 3 unterseitig an der Spannplatte 1,2 Prallbleche 12,13 vorgesehen. Zum Verschweißen der stumpf aneinander stoßenden Zuschnitte 4,5 unterschiedlicher Dicke dient ein Laserstrahl 14.The magnetic clamping device according to FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a two-part clamping plate 1, 2, which form a gap 3 between them, where a linear welding joint 5 of plane blanks 4, 5 not shown in FIG. 1, but shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, does to be placed. Several permanent magnets 6,7,8,9,10,11 are integrated in each clamping plate 1,2. To protect against welding spatter, baffles 12, 13 are provided along the gap 3 on the underside of the clamping plate 1, 2. A laser beam 14 is used to weld the blanks 4,5 of different thicknesses that butt against one another.
Wie Figur 3 zeigt, trägt die dem Zuschnitt 4 zugewandte Seite des Permanentmagneten 6 einen Belag 15, der beim direkten Kontakt mit dem Zuschnitt 4 diesen vor Verkratzen schützt. Der Belag 15 kann sich bis in den Bereich der Spannplatte 1 erstrecken, um den gesamten darunter liegenden Raum abzudecken, wie in Figur 3 gestrichelt angedeutet ist. Wie weiter in der Figur 3 dargestellt ist, sollte die Außenseite des Belages 15 in der oberen Position des Permanentmagneten 6 und die Oberseite der Spannplatte 1 in einer Ebene liegen.As FIG. 3 shows, the side of the permanent magnet 6 facing the blank 4 has a coating 15 which, when it comes into direct contact with the blank 4, provides this Scratching protects. The covering 15 can extend into the area of the clamping plate 1 in order to cover the entire space underneath, as is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3. As further shown in FIG. 3, the outside of the covering 15 should lie in the upper position of the permanent magnet 6 and the top of the clamping plate 1 in one plane.
Jeder Permanentmagnet 6 wird von einer Kolbenstange 16 eines Kolbens 17 einer Zylinder-Kolben-Einheit 18 getragen. Der Zylinderkolben 17 ist von einer Feder 19 in Richtung des Zuschnittes 5 belastet, so daß der Permanentmagnet 6 in seiner in der Zeichnung dargestellten Spannposition an einem Anschlag 20 gehalten wird. Anstelle oder zusätzlich zu der Belastung des Kolbens 17 mit der Feder 19 kann der Kolben 17 auch über eine Zuleitung 21 mit einem Druckmedium in Richtung des Zuschnittes 5 belastet werden. Um den Permanentmagneten 6 aus seiner in der Zeichnung dargestellten Spannposition in die Neutralposition, an der er weiter entfernt von dem Zuschnitt 5 liegt, zu bewegen, kann der Kolben 17 oberseitig mit einem über eine Leitung 22 zugeführten Druckmedium beaufschlagt werden. Sofern der Permanentmagnet 6 in der Spannposition auf einen Zuschnitt 5 einwirkt, wird der Zuschnitt 5 gehalten, ohne daß es einer zusätzlichen Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbens 17 oder der Kraft der Feder 19 bedarf. Die gesamte Zylinder-Kolben-Einheit 18 ist in einen Gehäusetopf 23 eingekapselt, der an der Unterseite der Spannplatte 1 befestigt ist.Each permanent magnet 6 is carried by a piston rod 16 of a piston 17 of a cylinder-piston unit 18. The cylinder piston 17 is loaded by a spring 19 in the direction of the blank 5, so that the permanent magnet 6 is held on a stop 20 in its clamping position shown in the drawing. Instead of or in addition to the load on the piston 17 with the spring 19, the piston 17 can also be loaded with a pressure medium in the direction of the blank 5 via a feed line 21. In order to move the permanent magnet 6 from its clamping position shown in the drawing into the neutral position, at which it lies further away from the blank 5, the piston 17 can be acted upon on the top side by a pressure medium supplied via a line 22. If the permanent magnet 6 acts on a blank 5 in the clamping position, the blank 5 is held without requiring additional pressure on the piston 17 or the force of the spring 19. The entire cylinder-piston unit 18 is encapsulated in a housing pot 23, which is attached to the underside of the clamping plate 1.
Die magnetische Spannvorrichtung umfaßt in der Regel für jeden Zuschnitt 4,5 einen oder mehrere Permanentmagnete der beschriebenen Art, damit die Zuschnitte unabhängig voneinander positioniert und festgespannt werden können, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt ist.The magnetic clamping device generally comprises one or more permanent magnets of the type described for each blank 4, 5, so that the blank is independent can be positioned from each other and clamped, as shown in Figure 1.
Während das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 und 2 für längs einer linearen Schweißfuge S miteinander zu verschweißende Zuschnitte 4,5 bestimmt ist, sind die Ausführungsbeispiele der Figuren 4 bis 6 für das Verschweißen von Zuschnitten mit kreisförmiger Schweißfuge S* bestimmt. In entsprechender Weise wie das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 und 2 ist eine zweiteilige Spannplatte 24,25 vorgesehen, deren beide Teile 24,25 zwischen sich einen kreisförmigen Spalt 26 bilden, wo die Schweißfuge S* eines Zuschnittes 27 mit einer kreisförmigen Ausnehmung und einer darin eingesetzten Ronde 28 zu liegen kommt. Entlang dieses Spaltes 26 sind in dem Teil 24 der Spannplatte mehrere Permanentmagnete 29 der in Figur 3 dargestellten Art integriert. In dem mittigen Teil 25 der Spannplatte ist ein großer Permanentmagnet 30 integriert, der aber den gleichen Aufbau wie der der Figur 3 hat.While the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended for blanks 4, 5 to be welded to one another along a linear weld joint S, the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 4 to 6 are intended for welding blanks with a circular weld joint S *. In a manner corresponding to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, a two-part clamping plate 24, 25 is provided, the two parts 24, 25 of which form a circular gap 26 between them, where the weld joint S * of a blank 27 with a circular recess and one inserted therein Round 28 comes to rest. Along this gap 26, several permanent magnets 29 of the type shown in FIG. 3 are integrated in part 24 of the clamping plate. A large permanent magnet 30 is integrated in the central part 25 of the clamping plate, but has the same structure as that of FIG. 3.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 6 unterscheidet sich von dem der Figuren 4 und 5 nur darin, daß anstelle eines großen Permanentmagneten 30 mehrere kleine Permanentmagnete 31 vorgesehen sind. The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6 differs from that of FIGS. 4 and 5 only in that several small permanent magnets 31 are provided instead of one large permanent magnet 30.

Claims

A N S P R Ü C H E EXPECTATIONS
1. Magnetische Spannvorrichtung für miteinander zu verschweißende Zuschnitte (4,5,27,28) aus ferromagnetischem Stahlblech mit einer Spannplatte (1,2,24,25) und mindestens einem in der Spannplatte (1,2,24,25) integrierten Permanentmagneten (6 bis 11, 29 bis 31) , der in seiner zuschnittnahen Spannposition mit seiner Magnetkraft die Blechzuschnitte (4,5,27,28) gegen die Spannplatte (1,2,24,25) zieht, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Permanentmagnet (6 bis 11, 29 bis 31) mit einem Stellglied (18) aus seiner zuschnittnahen Spannposition in eine zuschnittferne Neutralposition verstellbar ist, in der seine an den Zuschnitten (4,5,27,28) wirksame Magnetkraft zu klein ist, um die Zuschnitte (4,5,27,28) auf der Spannplatte (1,2,24,25) festzuspannen .1. Magnetic clamping device for blanks (4,5,27,28) to be welded together made of ferromagnetic steel sheet with a clamping plate (1,2,24,25) and at least one permanent magnet integrated in the clamping plate (1,2,24,25) (6 to 11, 29 to 31), which pulls the sheet metal blanks (4, 5, 27, 28) against the clamping plate (1, 2, 24, 25) in its clamping position close to the cut with its magnetic force, characterized in that the permanent magnet (6 to 11, 29 to 31) can be adjusted with an actuator (18) from its clamping position close to the cut to a neutral position remote from the cut, in which its magnetic force acting on the cuts (4, 5, 27, 28) is too small to allow the cuts (4 , 5,27,28) on the clamping plate (1,2,24,25).
2. Magnetische Spannvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß das2. Magnetic clamping device according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the
Stellglied (18) eine mit dem Permanentmagneten (6) gekoppelte Zylinder-Kolben-Einheit (18) ist, deren Kolben (17) entweder doppelseitig mit Druck beaufschlagbar ist oder einseitig gegen die Kraft einer Feder (19) mit Druck beaufschlagbar ist, die auf den Permanentmagneten (6) in Richtung seiner Spannposition wirkt. Actuator (18) is a cylinder-piston unit (18) coupled to the permanent magnet (6), the piston (17) of which can either be pressurized on both sides or can be pressurized on one side against the force of a spring (19) the permanent magnet (6) acts in the direction of its clamping position.
3. Magnetische Spannvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder3. Magnetic clamping device according to claim 1 or
2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the
Permanentmagnet (6) an seiner dem Zuschnitt (5) zugewandten Seite mit einem insbesondere oberflächenschonenden Belag (15) versehen ist.Permanent magnet (6) on its side facing the blank (5) is provided with a surface (15) that is particularly gentle on the surface.
4. Magnetische Spannvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der4. Magnetic clamping device according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the
Belag (15) sich bis in den Bereich der angrenzenden Spannplatte erstreckt.Covering (15) extends into the area of the adjacent clamping plate.
5. Magnetische Spannvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß zu beiden Seiten der Schweißfuge (S,S*) der Zuschnitte (4,5,27,28) voneinander unabhängig stellbare Permanentmagnete (6 bis 8; 9 bis 11; 29,30) vorgesehen sind.5. Magnetic clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on both sides of the weld joint (S, S *) of the blanks (4,5,27,28) independently adjustable permanent magnets (6 to 8; 9 to 11; 29.30) are provided.
6. Magnetische Spannvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß beidseitig längs der Schweißfuge (S) ein Spritzschutz (12,13) gegen Schweißspritzer vorgesehen ist. 6. Magnetic clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that on both sides along the weld joint (S) a splash guard (12,13) is provided against welding spatter.
PCT/EP1998/006341 1997-10-17 1998-10-06 Magnetic holding device for blanks made of ferromagnetic sheet steel which are to be welded to one another WO1999020434A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19745930A DE19745930A1 (en) 1997-10-17 1997-10-17 Magnetic clamp for securing ferromagnetic steel plates during welding
DE19745930.7 1997-10-17

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KR101187935B1 (en) 2010-04-12 2012-10-04 전인남 Clamping device using permanent magnet
CN103358247A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-23 宁波海迈克精密机械制造有限公司 Electric permanent magnetic adsorption clamping fixed device
CN105081656A (en) * 2015-10-12 2015-11-25 俞升洋 Friction-reducing plate fixing device used for welding
CN107717782A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-23 黑龙江众合鑫成新材料有限公司 A kind of thin material clamper and its clamp method
CN111451651A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-28 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 Engine leather cup cutting clamp and cutting method
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JP5449324B2 (en) * 2008-04-22 2014-03-19 テクノマグネーテ ソチエタ ペル アツィオーニ Integrated magnetic device and method of manufacturing the integrated magnetic device
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KR101187935B1 (en) 2010-04-12 2012-10-04 전인남 Clamping device using permanent magnet
CN103358247A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-23 宁波海迈克精密机械制造有限公司 Electric permanent magnetic adsorption clamping fixed device
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CN107717782A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-23 黑龙江众合鑫成新材料有限公司 A kind of thin material clamper and its clamp method
CN111451651A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-28 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 Engine leather cup cutting clamp and cutting method
CN111451651B (en) * 2020-04-30 2022-04-29 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 Engine leather cup cutting clamp and cutting method
CN115647884A (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-01-31 电子科技大学 Electromagnetic clamping device and using method
CN115647884B (en) * 2022-11-15 2024-03-22 电子科技大学 Electromagnetic clamping device and use method

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