Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
  • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
  • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
  • B23C5/202—Plate-like cutting inserts with special form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
  • B23C3/06—Milling crankshafts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/12—Side or flank surfaces
  • B23C2200/123—Side or flank surfaces curved
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/12—Side or flank surfaces
  • B23C2200/125—Side or flank surfaces discontinuous
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
  • B23C2200/201—Details of the nose radius and immediately surrounding areas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
  • B23C2200/203—Curved cutting edges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
  • B23C2200/205—Discontinuous cutting edges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2215/00—Details of workpieces
  • B23C2215/20—Crankshafts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
  • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
  • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
  • Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
  • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
  • Y10T407/1952—Having peripherally spaced teeth
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
  • Y10T407/22—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool
  • Y10T407/2208—Plural simultaneously usable separable tools in common seat or common clamp actuator for plural simultaneously usable tools
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T82/00—Turning
  • Y10T82/10—Process of turning
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T82/00—Turning
  • Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
  • Y10T82/16016—Processes

Definitions

• the invention first relates to a side milling cutter with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
• crankshaft journals are milled between the associated oil collar cheeks and the undercut flanks which flank the cylindrical journal surface on both sides and which separate from the oil collar cheeks and serve as oil grooves when the workpiece is rotating in rotation about its axis.
• This milling is expediently carried out with a single infeed of the side milling cutter, i.e. in one operation.
• the disk milling cutter is equipped with plate-shaped cutting inserts alternately on the circumference in the circumferential direction on the left and on the right side.
• the cutting inserts with their cover surfaces containing the rake faces are aligned essentially radially to the cutter axis.
• Crankshaft journals usually have only a limited diameter.
• the curvature of the surface of the crankshaft journal to be formed by the milling cutter into a cylinder jacket is correspondingly strong.
• only one cutter edge is engaged in conventional disk milling cutters for this purpose. This happens alternately on the left and on the right side of the circumference of the side milling cutter. This means that the run is unsteady and this results in a risk of impairing the surface quality.
• the invention is based on the object of improving the smooth running of the side milling cutter and thus optimizing the milling result.
• the solution is that the cutting inserts are arranged with such a narrow pitch on the circumference of the milling cutter that the engagement arc length between the cutting entry and
• Cutting exit of a cutting insert on the crank pin is greater than half the division of the arrangement of the cutting inserts on the circumference of the milling cutter.
• the distance between two successive cutting inserts in the circumferential direction of the milling cutter is understood either on the left or on the right side of the milling cutter circumference.
• the invention consequently enables such a narrow division that the engagement arc length of the milling cutter is greater than half the milling cutter pitch on its right or on its left side.
• the engagement arc length is the arc that each cutter cutting edge measures between the cut entry and cut exit on the crankshaft journal.
• the half division corresponds to the circumferential curve of the cutter between a cutting edge on the left and an adjacent cutting edge on the right.
• the teaching of claim 1 uses the low consumption of the circumferential length of the
• cutting edge is a completely imaging, namely a summarized or otherwise combined diameter and plunge cutting edge, which either on the left or on the right side of the crank pin completes the complete with a single infeed All of this is made possible by the combination of features of claim 2.
• the further invention relates to the detailed design of the indexable inserts generally described above for the stated purpose. Their basic design is set out in claim 3.
• the indexable insert is characterized by a number of design variations, which are described in more detail using the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. Show it:
• Fig. 1 shows a basic side view of the synchronous
• Tenon milling process on the basis of a circumferential segment of the milling cutter that is in the engaged position on the tenon circumference.
• Fig. 2 shows a cross section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, wherein the cut, completely imaging cutting edge of the cutting plate is shown in dashed lines, although it forms a continuous cutting edge.
• FIG. 3 is a plan view of the peripheral segment of the side milling cutter according to FIG. 2.
• Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the indexable body for the side milling cutter in plan view and in three partial sections AA, BB and CC.
• the closed, completely imaging cutting edges are again shown in dashed lines, although they are a continuous, visible edge.
• Fig. 5 in plan view, in side view and in two partial sections AA and BB a modified embodiment of the insert. The statements made above in relation to FIGS. 2 and 4 also apply here to the cutting edges shown in dashed lines.
• crank pin 6 is a partial sectional view of the crank pin to be machined by the side milling cutter in its initial state, the surface area of the crank pin to be removed by the milling process being optically highlighted by a dotted design.
• FIG. 7 shows a partial section through the crank pin according to FIG. 6 with indexable inserts of the type according to FIG. 5 shown schematically in their engaged position.
• Fig. 8 is a plan view of a peripheral segment of the side milling cutter
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are equipped and for the purpose of a particularly narrow division is provided with a cutting insert clamping device modified compared to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• Fig. 9 in plan view and in three partial sections A-A, B-B and C-C with
• Partial enlargements Z, Y and X are a further modified embodiment of a reversible cutting body, basically of the type shown in FIG. 4.
• the statements made above in relation to FIGS. 2 and 4 also apply here to the cutting edges shown in broken lines.
• FIG. 10 shows a further modified embodiment of an indexable insert of the basic concept shown in FIG. 4 as well as three partial sections AA, BB and CC thereof as well as sections Z and X enlarged therefrom.
• FIG. 11 shows a further modification of the indexable insert of the basic concept according to FIG. 4 in a top view and a side view as well as in two partial sections.
• the side milling cutter 1 which is only shown in the form of a peripheral segment, is used for milling a crank pin 2 in a single infeed, together with the two oil collar cheeks 3, 4 assigned to it and with the undercuts 5, 6 serving as oil grooves between them (FIG. 2.6) as a workpiece.
• the crank pin 2 is preferably machined in synchronism.
• the direction of rotation 11 of the workpiece is therefore the same as the direction of rotation 8 of the side milling cutter.
• the cutting inserts 9 are arranged with a division 12 (FIG. 3) evenly on the cutter circumference 7 in the circumferential direction 8 on the left and on the right cutter side.
• the arrangement of the cutting inserts 9 on the left side is a mirror image and offset by half a division 12 compared to the arrangement on the right side (FIG. 3).
• the pitch 12 is so narrow that the entry arc length 13 between the cut entry and the cut exit of the cutting insert 9 on the workpiece 2 is greater than half the pitch 14 of the arrangement of the cutting inserts 9 on the circumference of the milling cutter 1.
• the cutting inserts 9 are indexable inserts with at least two cutting edges 15, 16 which can be brought into the cutting position one after the other on the same milling cutter side. To indicate their property as a closed, completely forming cutting edge, they are highlighted in dashed lines in the figures, although of course they form continuous, visible cutting edges.
• Each cutting insert 9 is provided with such a peripheral contour of its cover surfaces 10 containing the rake faces that a cutting insert forms one half of the crank pin 2 with its adjacent oil collar cheek 3 or 4 and the undercut 5 or 6 in between.
• Each cutting insert 9 is equipped in the region of its two cover surfaces, of which only the upper, visible cover surface 10 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4ff, with two closed cutting edges 15, 16.
• Each cutting plate 9 thus carries a total of four cutting edges 15, 16. Two of these cutting edges are suitable or intended for use on the left and two for use on the right side of the circumference 7 of the milling cutter 1.
• the basic shape of the indexable insert used as cutting insert 9 is the subject of FIG. 4.
• This indexable insert is characterized by the shape of approximately a cuboid with approximately rhomboid or rhomboid cover surfaces containing the rake faces 17, 18, of which in plan view the cover surface 10 has a position number is provided.
• the plate corners standing in the direction of the longer rhombus diagonals 19 (FIG. 4) each have a nose-like support projection 22 or 23 with a plunge cutting edge 24, 25 for forming an undercut 5, 6 as an extension of the two opposite top surface sides, each forming a cutting edge 20, 21 on the crank pin 2.
• the carrier projections 22, 23 are also effective on the side opposite the cover surface 10 shown, namely in the region of the rake surface 18, as the carrier of a puncture cutting edge 26 or 27 there.
• Each cutting edge 15, 16 of one of the two cover surfaces 10 of the cutting insert 9 thus forms - in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 merging into one another - a plunge cutting edge 24 or 25 and then a diameter cutting edge 28 or 29 and, analogously, one on the underside of the insert Puncture cutting edge 26 or 27 and a diameter cutting edge 30 or 31.
• the free surfaces 32 (FIG. 5) of the cutting inserts 9 form a right angle with the rake surfaces 16, 18.
• each goes Diameter cutting edge 28, 29 continuously into the assigned cutting edge 24 or 25. Both cutting edges lie in the same cover surface 10 or in the same rake surface 17, 18.
• the rake angle ⁇ is 0 °. On average, it is negative.
• the plunge cutting edges 24, 25 and 26, 27 are graded below the associated diameter edges 28, 29 and 30, 31, respectively.
• the respective complete imaging cutting edge 15, 16 is each formed by a diameter cutting edge 28, 29 or 30, 31 and by a plunge cutting edge 24, 25 or 26, 27 that is set back in relation to the direction of rotation 8.
• the total cutting edge 15 or 16 is divided. This divides the cutting force into two smaller parts, which do not reach their maxima at the same time. As a result, lower cutting force cycles are achieved. This is an effective active geometry with a negative rake angle ⁇ of 0 °.
• the cutting insert according to FIG. 9 represents a modification of the cutting insert according to FIG. 4 in such a way that each cutting edge 15, 16 consisting of a diameter cutting edge 28, 29 or 30, 31 and a piercing cutting edge 24, 25 or 26, 27 merging into one another is provided with a chip forming step 33 to form positive cutting edges.
• the chip shaping step 33 has a trough-like cross-sectional shape. This makes the rake angle ⁇ positive.
• the trough-like cross-sectional shape of the chip shaping step can be seen from the sectional representations AA, BB and CC, the regions Z, Y and X of which are shown enlarged.
• an island-like plateau surface 34 which is recessed in relation to the rake face 17 or 18, is formed in the area of the plunge cutting edges 24, 25 in the direction of chip removal behind the rake shape step 33.
• the rake angle ⁇ which is assigned to the cutting edge 20 or 21, is also positive.
• the cutting insert with a chip shaping step along the entire cutting edge according to FIG. 5 is particularly suitable for long-chipping materials and also for reducing cutting and passive force.
• the trough-like chip shaping steps 35 of the diameter cutting edges 28, 29 run straight into the area of the carrier projections 22, 23 of the puncture cutting edges 24, 25 and 26, 27.
• the different geometries of plunge cutting edges and the diameter cutting edges are exemplified by the partial cuts AA and BB with the enlargement of AA in the detailed representation Z using the example of a diameter cutting edge 29 and the assigned cutting edge 25.
• This exemplary embodiment shows on the basis of the diameter cutting edge 29 that the diameter cutting edges are stepped or reduced in relation to the puncture cutting edges in the direction of the main cutting pressure, namely by the dimension h.
• the cutting edge geometry in the area of the carrier projections 22, 23 is illustrated by way of example using the partial cut CC with the enlargement X.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 10 is particularly suitable for long-chipping materials because chip breaking is favored.
• This cutting edge geometry is also suitable for reducing cutting and passive force.
• An effective knitting geometry is achieved by the positive rake angles on the cutting edges 28, 29 and 30.31 and by the negative rake angles stabilizing the cutting edge on the cutting edges 24, 25 and 26.27.
• the carrier projections 22, 23 of the plunge cutting edges 24, 25 and 26, 27 are hollowed out on their outer flanks 36, 37 to form open spaces.
• the troughs 38, 39 are V-shaped with a V-apex 40 lying approximately in the central plane of the insert 9. The depth of the troughs 38, 39 decreases continuously from the carrier projections 22, 23 towards the center of the insert.
• the troughs 38, 39 extend to the middle of the outside of the cutting insert 9. Also in a top view of the outer flanks 36, 37, the troughs 38, 39 have a V-shape that opens towards the carrier projections 22, 23 (FIG. 11). .
• the excavations 38.39 in the open spaces below the outer sides the puncture cutters 24, 25 and 26, 27 are intended to provide a sufficiently large clearance angle ⁇ in the case of flatter axial inclination angles of the cutting plate 9. This is used or is required if, at the transition from the cutting edge 24, 25 or 26, 27 to the diameter edge 28, 29 or 30, 31, a clearance angle which is insufficient due to a transition angle requires a flatter, axial inclination angle.
• the recesses 38, 39 ensure an effective active geometry with negative rake angles on the diameter cutting edges 28-31 and on the plunge cutting edges 24-27.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Milling Processes (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=7841648

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (10)

Citations (2)

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• 1997
  • 1997-09-09 DE DE19739366A patent/DE19739366A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1998
  • 1998-08-25 AT AT98948862T patent/ATE208676T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-08-25 DE DE59802166T patent/DE59802166D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-08-25 WO PCT/EP1998/005374 patent/WO1999012686A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1998-08-25 JP JP2000510561A patent/JP2001515798A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-08-25 EP EP98948862A patent/EP1011904B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-08-25 ES ES98948862T patent/ES2166619T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2000
  • 2000-03-08 US US09/521,134 patent/US6374712B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (2)

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