WO1999012652A1 - Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide - Google Patents
Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999012652A1 WO1999012652A1 PCT/FR1998/001863 FR9801863W WO9912652A1 WO 1999012652 A1 WO1999012652 A1 WO 1999012652A1 FR 9801863 W FR9801863 W FR 9801863W WO 9912652 A1 WO9912652 A1 WO 9912652A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- blades
- rotation
- plates
- annular space
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/12—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
Definitions
- Apparatus for separating and purifying pollution from at least one fluid mixture is provided.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for separating and purifying pollution from at least one fluid mixture, comprising: - a rotor, mounted in a body and having a stack of at least two perforated plates extending radially towards the wall of said body and arranged substantially transversely to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an annular space remaining between the periphery of the plates and the wall of the body, said rotor cooperating with means for generating a pressure drop at the top of the apparatus and for generating an upward helical movement of the mixture to be treated, the direction of rotation of which is the same as that of the rotor,
- this member for entering the mixture to be treated situated above the rotor, this member comprising an annular chamber and a central column, said chamber having a closed upper end and an open lower end connected to said annular space, while the column has open upper and lower ends, the apparatus comprising means for generating, in the annular space, a downward helical movement of the same direction of rotation as said upward helical movement,
- the mixture to be treated is for example a gaseous or liquid mixture polluted by solid, liquid or mixed impurities.
- the means for generating the downward helical movement comprise a helical distributor which has a plurality of fixed oblique blades whose inclination is determined so as to give the flow a tangential speed adapted to the speed of rotation of the rotor and to limit the appearance of turbulence in the annular space.
- This known device is effective for separating from the fluid mixture particles whose dimensions are less than 3 microns.
- the present invention proposes to improve the known apparatus to further increase the efficiency of the centrifugal pre-separation which is carried out in the annular space and to prevent as much as possible that the particles located in this space are put back into circulation. towards the center of the device.
- the apparatus comprises a plurality of blades which extend substantially longitudinally at least in the vicinity of the periphery of the plates and which are integral with the rotating rotor and to the fact that said blades have at least one part. which is inclined with respect to a radius passing through the axis of rotation of the rotor so that the end of said inclined part which is distant from this axis is, in the direction of rotation of the rotor, backwards with respect to the end of this inclined part which is closest to said axis.
- the blades extend at least in the vicinity of the periphery of the plates, that is to say in the immediate vicinity of or in the annular space. They rotate at the same speed as the rotor and constrain the fluid which, when it enters the device, is biased so as to circulate in the annular space, to very quickly adopt a speed of rotation substantially equal to that of the rotor.
- the tangential speed of the fluid mixture is homogeneous and substantially equal to the tangential speed of the rotor.
- At least some of the blades have an end portion which extends into the annular space, which in particular promotes centrifugal pre-separation in this space.
- the blades are advantageously arranged so that, for each pair of a first blade and a second blade, adjacent to the first blade and located behind it in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the first blade extends towards the 'rear with respect to said direction of rotation, at least until cutting a radius passing through the end of the inclined part of the second blade which is closest to the axis of rotation.
- the blades are close enough to each other, or even in slight circumferential overlap, so that the rebound effect of the particles on the upstream face of the blades is further enhanced.
- the blades remain sufficiently spaced that the intervals between the payrolls form passages allowing the particles subjected to centrifugation to enter the annular space.
- certain blades have an extension which extends substantially radially with respect to the axis of rotation away from said axis from the end of the inclined part of the blade which is distant from this axis of rotation.
- the blades are fixed to the periphery of at least one of the plates of said stack of at least two plates.
- the blades can extend at least in the region of the annular space immediately adjacent to the inlet member of the mixture to be treated in the device, that is to say immediately adjacent to the open lower end of the annular chamber of this inlet member. Conventionally, blades will be at least fixed to the upper plates of the rotor.
- the blades extend over substantially the entire height of said stack of at least two plates.
- the blades can be made of sheet metal, the extension of the extended blades possibly being punctured, which makes it possible, while using extended pays which extend substantially over the entire width of the annular space, to prevent these pays from have the effect of compartmentalizing the annular space into several annular sectors practically isolated from each other.
- the perforations without harming the acceleration of the fluid mixture due to the blades, allow the circulation of this mixture between the different "compartments" formed between the extended blades.
- FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of an apparatus according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a partial view in radial section, showing a plate seen from above.
- FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal section along the line III-III of FIG. 2, - FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3, schematically showing a variant,
- FIG. 5 is a view according to arrow V in FIG. 3,
- FIG. 6 is a top view of the helical distributor
- FIG. 7 is a developed sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 6, and
- FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view along line VIII-VIII of Figure 2.
- the general reference 10 in FIG. 1 designates an apparatus for separating and purifying the pollution of at least one fluid mixture, in particular a gas mixture, according to the invention.
- This device comprises a fixed cylindrical body 12, a member 14 for entering the fluid mixture into the body 12, a rotor 16, which is mounted in the body 12 and which has a stack of at least two perforated plates 18 which are 'extend radially towards the wall of the body 12 while leaving an annular space 20 between the periphery of the plates and said wall.
- the axis of the device is vertical and that the means for collecting the heavy phase are located downwards, which is a generally advantageous arrangement, which makes it possible to benefit both from the field centrifugal and gravitational field.
- the rotor 16 cooperates with means generating a pressure drop at the top of the device 10 comprising for example a suction fan 1 1.
- This rotor whose direction of rotation is indicated by the arrow R, generates a helical movement of the mixture to be treated in the same direction of rotation.
- the apparatus further comprises means for collecting the heavy phase situated under the rotor, which for example comprise two extraction chutes 22A and 22B each provided with a forced evacuation means 24 isolated from the outside.
- a collection hopper can be used in place of the troughs 22A and 22B.
- the apparatus also comprises a member 26 for extracting the treated mixture which is connected to the cylindrical body above the member inlet 14, itself disposed above the rotor 16.
- the fan 11 is located in the region of the extraction member 26.
- the motor 17 for driving the rotor in rotation below this rotor which, due to the high mass of the motor, promotes the stability of the device when it is arranged vertically.
- the motor which is supplied by an electric or other power supply 19, directly attacks the shaft 16A of the rotor and is placed in a chamber 9 isolated from the fluid flowing in the device by a casing 8, for example a conical casing going to s flaring down.
- a casing 8 for example a conical casing going to s flaring down.
- This casing is conical makes it possible to guide the heavy phase, that is to say the impurities which would deposit on its wall, towards the collection spouts 22A and 22B.
- the bottom wall 7 of the device can also be shaped so as to guide the impurities towards the collecting spouts.
- the bearings 6 of the shaft 16A may, depending on the mass of the plates, be located only in the lower part of this shaft.
- the inlet member 14 has an annular chamber 28 whose upper end 28A is closed, while the lower end 28B is open and is connected to the annular space 20.
- the member 14 further has an inlet 30 of the mixture to be treated which opens into the annular chamber 28.
- this inlet 30 can be produced by a tangential inlet volute.
- the member 14 also has a central column 32 which is separated from the annular chamber 28 by a cylindrical or frustoconical wall 34.
- the column 32 has an upper end 32A open and a lower end 32B also open.
- the apparatus comprises means for generating, in the annular space 20, a downward helical movement in the same direction of rotation R as the rotor.
- the trajectory of the fluid mixture in the apparatus is indicated by the arrows F. More precisely, the fluid mixture entering the apparatus in the direction E by the input member 14 rotates in the annular chamber 28 and descends in the annular space 20 by swirling, that is to say that it is animated in this space with a descending helical movement. Then, once under the rotor, the fluid mixture reverses its trajectory to describe an upward helical movement in the rotor, pass through the central column 32 of the input member 14, then exit through the extraction member 26 as indicated by the arrow S.
- the means for generating the downward helical movement include a helical distributor 36 disposed in the upper part of the annular space 20.
- this distributor 36 is in the form of an annular element fixed to the wall of the cylindrical body 12 and comprises a plurality of fixed, oblique and curved blades, designated by the general reference 38.
- the oblique blade 38A extends over the sum of the angular sectors a and B. On the angular sector b, it is located under the oblique blade 38B, so that the oblique blades are arranged in slight axial overlap.
- the means for generating the downward helical movement also comprise means for guiding the fluid mixture in the annular space 20 which comprise a fixed ring 40 disposed between the lower end of the internal wall 34 of the annular chamber 28 and the periphery of the upper plate 18A of the rotor 16.
- the distributor 36 is placed at the level of this ring 40.
- the plates 18 of the rotor 16 may be conical, flared towards the bottom of the device or, as in the example shown, constituted by discs Radials which, as best seen in Figure 2, have openings 58.
- the apparatus comprises a plurality of blades 42 and 144 which extend substantially longitudinally in the region of the edges of the plates 18. These blades have at least one part inclined relative to the rays passing through the axis A. They are inclined towards the rear relative to the direction of rotation, that is to say that, as seen in FIG. 2, the angle ⁇ measured from a radius Ra towards the upstream face 42 ′ of a blade is positive in the t ⁇ gonometric direction when the rotor turns in the R direction clockwise.
- this angle ⁇ is between 25 ° and 65 ° and, more precisely, between 40 ° and 50 °.
- FIG 2 are shown blades of two types. The blades 42 are formed by the inclined parts.
- the blades 144 have, in addition to the inclined part 142, an extension 143 which extends substantially radially in the annular space 20.
- This extension 143 serves to intensify the entrainment of the fluid in rotation in the annular space as soon as it enters this space, so as to favor centrifugal pre-separation. It is sufficient that only a few regularly distributed blades are equipped with this extension.
- the inclined parts of the blades (42, 142) serve to sequester or confine the particles in the annular space. To do this, it is advantageous that the blades are close to each other.
- the free edge 42'A of the blade 42A away from the axis A extends rearward relative to the direction of rotation R at least until cutting the radius Rb which passes through the edge 42'B of the blade 42B which is closest to the axis A.
- Figure 2 shows only a few blades 42 and a blade 144.
- the blades are continuously distributed along the circumference of the rotor plates.
- a rotor 610 mm in diameter between 65 and 75 blades can be provided, for example 72 blades, of which 6 to 10 pays can be equipped with extensions 143 to form blades 144.
- a particle P expelled radially towards the annular space 20 by centnfugation penetrates there without difficulty even if it bounces on the blades 42 (trajectory T).
- the number blades and their inclination are determined (advantageously with an overlap of angle ⁇ ) without the blades being too close together, both to avoid additional cost and to avoid interfering with the expelled particles radially in a centrifugal movement.
- the inclination of the blades gives their upstream faces 42 ′ a tangential component so that, when they come into contact with the fluid circulating in the annular space 20, they impart to it an additive centrifugal impulse which further reinforces the tendency of this mixture not to penetrate between the rotor plates before reaching the bottom of the annular space 20.
- the upstream faces of the blades in contact with the fluid mixture present in the space annular 20 constitute collecting walls that certain particles can come into contact with. Due to the inclination of the blades, these particles are then deflected towards the wall of the body 12 of the device. This is rather valid for particles whose dimensions are at least of the order of 5 ⁇ .
- the apparatus is able to isolate very small particles, of dimensions less than 1 ⁇ or even 0, 1 ⁇ .
- the blades 42 and 144 extend partly inside the plates 18 of the rotor and partly in the annular space 20. They are integral with the rotating rotor and are for example directly fixed to the outer periphery of the plates 18 of the rotor. If frustoconical skirts equip the plates 18, the blades 42 and 144 can be fixed to the skirts, or these skirts can be formed by sections between which the blades extend. In FIG. 2, the edges of the plates 18 have notches
- blades 42 shown in Figure 1 extend substantially over the entire height of the stack of plates 18. They even extend substantially beyond since the ends upper 41 A of the blades 42 are in the upper region of the annular space 20, immediately below the distributor 36, and that their lower ends 41 B extend downwards, slightly beyond the lower plate 18G, that they protrude over a height H.
- the blades 42 are shown schematically in FIG. 1. They can be formed by sheets extending continuously over their entire height. However, as shown in Figure 3, the blades 42 or 144 may include at least two sections of blades arranged in the extension of one another. More specifically, the section of Figure 3 shows only the first rotor plates and a blade 144 which includes a first blade section 144A attached to the upper plate 18A of the rotor and to the plate 18B located immediately below. The blade 144 comprises a second blade section 144B which is fixed to the plate 18C and to the plate 18D situated immediately below.
- Figure 2 shows the plate 18A of the rotor and illustrates in phantom the openings of the plate 18B located below. We see that the openings of the plates are angularly offset to define a helicoid.
- the fully inclined blades 42 extend over only part of the annular space 20, leaving a relatively substantial annular margin against the wall of the body 12.
- the apparatus comprises a plurality of fixed frustoconical crowns 90 arranged one above the others in the annular space 20 or, more precisely, in a part 21 of the latter close to the wall of the body 12, the blades 42 or, above all, the extensions 143 of the blades 144, extending in the other part of this space.
- the crowns 90 open downwards and it can be seen (clearance i) that their lower ends are not in contact with the wall of the body 12.
- the crowns 90 are fixed to the fixed parts of the apparatus using vertical rods 91, shown schematically in broken dashed lines.
- FIG 5 is an end view along arrow V of Figure 3 and shows that the blades 42 or 144 are also advantageously inclined relative to the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor, direction indicated by the line D in this figure.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ is small and is for example between 1 ° and 5 °, advantageously of the order of 1.5 ° to 2 °.
- the blades are inclined towards the rear in the direction going from their upper ends to their lower ends, with respect to the direction of rotation R.
- the upstream faces 42 ′ of the blades are very slightly inclined downwards. This slight general slope gives the fluid (gaseous) part of the mixture a slight downward pulse, which further encourages it to travel through the annular space 20 to the bottom of this space and also gives a shock impulse towards the bottom to the particles encountered by the blade.
- the apparatus comprises oblique fins 50 which are fixed to the internal face of the wall of the body of the device by fixing lugs 52.
- These fins 50 extend radially towards the inside of the device, their internal radial ends being substantially located in line with the external periphery of the plates 18.
- the fins 50 only concern the vein of fluid which leaves the annular space 20. They are slightly inclined relative to the horizontal downwards when they are considered in the direction of rotation R.
- the angle ⁇ of inclination of these fins relative to the horizontal is of the order of a few degrees, for example between 10 and 20 degrees.
- the inclination of the fins is therefore sufficiently low for them to ensure a partial straightening of the tangential speed of the stream of fluid which comes into contact with them.
- the fluid tends to penetrate under the fins and this results in a low vacuum on the upper face of the latter which tends to prevent a return of the gas towards the axis of the device before its exit from the rotor.
- the fins 50 are distributed regularly and, depending on the dimensions of the device, their number can vary, for example between 6 and 18.
- the apparatus also comprises an intermediate member 60 which is located under the rotor (under the fins 50 when they are present) and which comprises a plurality of elements of concentric cylinders 62.
- This intermediate member is fixed, the concentric cylinders 62 being able to be held together by openwork connecting bars 64, the openings of which are large enough to prevent them from constituting an obstacle to the rotation of the fluid in this region.
- This intermediate member 60 makes it possible to create, between the space located immediately under the rotor 16 and the collection means 22A and 22B, a tranquilization buffer zone.
- the movement of the fluid in the vortex zone 60 does not prevent the descent of the particles separated from the fluid under the effect of the centrifugal field, as far as the collection means 22A and 22B.
- the fluid vortex tends to sweep the walls of the elements of concentric cylinders 62 in order to ensure only a temporary accumulation of the separated products in this zone, and favor their movement towards the collection means 22A and 22B.
- the cylinder elements 62 may have solid walls.
- these cylinder elements may have openings such as vertical slots whose width may vary over their height, or have serrated upper edges.
- FIG. 1 there is shown in broken lines an outer jacket 70, arranged around the body of the device in the region of the rotor, and delimiting an enclosure in which a coolant can be circulated using an injection nozzle 74 and a lower outlet
- annular space 20 it is also possible to use the annular space 20 to carry out a final washing of the fluid mixture therein by injecting a washing fluid therein through nozzles 80 regularly distributed at its upper end.
- the section of Figure 8 passes through an aperture 58 of the plate
- the openings in the plates have radial edges, the upstream radial edge 58A and the downstream radiated edge 58B.
- These radial edges may have fins formed by folds.
- fins 59A inclined downward and backward relative to the direction of rotation R can be fitted to the upstream radial edges
- These fins are used to guide the fluid during its ascent in the openings of the rotor.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98942795A EP1011872A1 (fr) | 1997-09-08 | 1998-08-28 | Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR97/11121 | 1997-09-08 | ||
FR9711121A FR2768067A1 (fr) | 1997-09-08 | 1997-09-08 | Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999012652A1 true WO1999012652A1 (fr) | 1999-03-18 |
Family
ID=9510844
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1998/001863 WO1999012652A1 (fr) | 1997-09-08 | 1998-08-28 | Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1011872A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2768067A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999012652A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7662220B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2010-02-16 | Smc Kabushiki Kaisha | Drain separator |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2846257A1 (fr) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-04-30 | Pierre Saget | Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide |
KR101431921B1 (ko) * | 2009-07-10 | 2014-08-19 | 알파 라발 코포레이트 에이비 | 기체 세정 분리장치 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE216211C (fr) * | ||||
DE436066C (de) * | 1923-11-25 | 1926-10-23 | Kowal W | Schleuderrad zum trockenen Trennen von Gasgemischen |
EP0340087A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-11-02 | Pierre Laurent Saget | Appareil de séparation centrifuge équipé d'un dispositif permettant de piéger la phase lourde |
FR2714850A1 (fr) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-07-13 | Saget Pierre | Appareil séparateur et épurateur de la pollution d'au moins un mélange gazeux. |
DE29514670U1 (de) * | 1995-09-13 | 1995-10-26 | Wortmann Detlev | Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Feststoff-Partikeln aus gasförmigen Medien II |
WO1995033572A1 (fr) * | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-14 | Pierre Saget | Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide |
-
1997
- 1997-09-08 FR FR9711121A patent/FR2768067A1/fr active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-08-28 EP EP98942795A patent/EP1011872A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1998-08-28 WO PCT/FR1998/001863 patent/WO1999012652A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE216211C (fr) * | ||||
DE436066C (de) * | 1923-11-25 | 1926-10-23 | Kowal W | Schleuderrad zum trockenen Trennen von Gasgemischen |
EP0340087A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-11-02 | Pierre Laurent Saget | Appareil de séparation centrifuge équipé d'un dispositif permettant de piéger la phase lourde |
FR2714850A1 (fr) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-07-13 | Saget Pierre | Appareil séparateur et épurateur de la pollution d'au moins un mélange gazeux. |
WO1995033572A1 (fr) * | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-14 | Pierre Saget | Appareil separateur et epurateur de la pollution d'au moins un melange fluide |
DE29514670U1 (de) * | 1995-09-13 | 1995-10-26 | Wortmann Detlev | Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Feststoff-Partikeln aus gasförmigen Medien II |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7662220B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2010-02-16 | Smc Kabushiki Kaisha | Drain separator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1011872A1 (fr) | 2000-06-28 |
FR2768067A1 (fr) | 1999-03-12 |
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