WO1999005530A1 - Probe, method of its manufacturing, and probe-type memory - Google Patents
Probe, method of its manufacturing, and probe-type memory Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999005530A1 WO1999005530A1 PCT/JP1998/003171 JP9803171W WO9905530A1 WO 1999005530 A1 WO1999005530 A1 WO 1999005530A1 JP 9803171 W JP9803171 W JP 9803171W WO 9905530 A1 WO9905530 A1 WO 9905530A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- nitride
- film
- light
- thin film
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
- G01Q60/18—SNOM [Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. SNOM probes
- G01Q60/22—Probes, their manufacture, or their related instrumentation, e.g. holders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/241—Light guide terminations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a scanning near-field microscope, a probe using near-field optics, a method for manufacturing the same, and a probe-type memory.
- an electromagnetic field called an evanescent field.
- an optical fiber probe or a hollow probe made of a dielectric material is often used as a method for generating and detecting this evanescent field.
- These probes have at their ends an end smaller than the wavelength of the incident light, from which light is emitted as an evanescent field. It is known that the resolution of the probe can be almost the same as that at the end, and super-resolution is realized by using such a probe.
- semiconductor lasers As the light source for high-density memory.However, since the wavelengths of these semiconductor lasers are, for example, 635 nm, 650 nm, 780 nm, 83 Onm and wavelengths of 600 nm or more, the probe is coated.
- a metal thin film to be formed a material exhibiting a high reflectance with respect to a wavelength of 600 nm or more is desired.
- JP-A-8-94649 describes gold (Au) or copper (Cu). It is a well-known fact that high reflectivity is exhibited, as described in “New Edition Physical Constants Table, Table 7.1.2.3, p. 172”.
- the present invention includes a core having a first end on which light from a light source is incident, a second end having a diameter smaller than the wavelength of the incident light, and a clad for covering the core.
- a nitride of at least one of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, and hafnium nitride is provided on a surface of the core at least on the second end except for the first and second ends.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a probe having a light shielding portion having a thin film.
- Probe By using such a probe, high reflectivity is exhibited for wavelengths of 600 nm or more, and light does not leak out of the probe, so that the intensity of emitted light at the tip of the probe is hardly reduced. Probe can be realized.
- the present invention also provides a probe including a cylindrical body having a first opening through which light from a light source is incident and a second opening having a diameter smaller than the wavelength of the incident light.
- a nitride thin film made of at least one of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride is coated on at least the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body on the side of the second opening except for the first and second openings. It is another object of the present invention to provide a probe characterized in that a light-shielding portion is provided.
- the probe is characterized in that the nitride thin film has a thickness of 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride films not only show high reflectivity for wavelengths of 600 nm or more, but also can be uniformly coated from a thickness of 10 nm or more, and have close adhesion. It is possible to coat the probe without peeling up to a thickness of 100 nm because of its excellent performance.
- C to secure clearance to prevent collision between this probe and the recording medium, It is preferably set to 0 nm or less.
- the probe comprises a metal thin film made of any one of titanium, zirconium and hafnium in contact with the core, and a metal thin film formed on the metal thin film.
- the above-mentioned nitride thin film which is a nitride.
- the above-mentioned probe forms a nitride thin film by forming a two-layer structure of a nitride thin film selected from at least one of titanium nitride / titanium, zirconium nitride / zirconium and hafnium nitride / hafnium, and the metal thin film to be nitrided.
- the nitride thin film has a thickness of 1 O nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the metal thin film has a thickness of 10 nm or less. It is characterized by the following.
- the titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride films not only show high reflectance for wavelengths of 60 O nm or more, but also can be uniformly coated from a film thickness of 1 O nm or more.
- the probe can be coated without peeling up to a thickness of 100 O nm because of excellent adhesion.
- the thickness is preferably 100 O nm or less.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a probe provided with a light-shielding portion having a metal thin film and a nitride thin film, wherein the metal thin film and the nitride thin film are continuously formed in the same vacuum. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a probe.
- two layers of a nitride thin film selected from a combination of at least one of titanium nitride / titanium, zirconium nitride / zirconium, and hafdium nitride / hafdium and the metal thin film to be nitrided are provided.
- the stress of the nitride thin film is relaxed and adhered
- the probe that does not peel off and has a small decrease in light intensity at the tip of the probe by increasing the incident light intensity has a nitride thin film thickness in the same range as above (10 nm or more. (Less than 1000 nm) and the thickness of the thin metal film to be nitrided is 1 O nm or less.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a probe-type memory (a device for writing and / or reading information to / from a storage medium) characterized in that minute bits are recorded using the above-mentioned probe.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a probe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a probe according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a probe-type memory device using the probes of the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a probe provided with the cylindrical body of the present invention.
- a probe using a nitride thin film according to the present invention, a method for manufacturing the same, and comparative examples and examples for showing the effectiveness of the probe type memory will be described below.
- the Au film and the Cu film exhibiting the high reflectivity are used for the optical fiber except for the end portions.
- a 5mW He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) was injected from one end of the probe, and the probe was brought close to the photodetector to measure the light intensity at the probe tip. However, it was found to be significantly reduced to about 6 pW.
- the film thickness was changed from 10 nm to 1000 nm, and the surface of the probe was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the cause of this peeling is considered to be that due to the fact poor adhesion to the probe of the All film and Cu film, and the thermal strain caused between the probe have you to heat history during use of the probe is large
- the reason why the light intensity at the probe tip is decreased is that light in the probe leaks out of the bin hole or the peeled portion of the Au film or Cu film.
- the Au film and Cu film show high reflectivity for wavelengths of 60 Onm or more, but due to poor adhesion, binholes and film peeling occur, and light leaks from that site, causing light at the probe tip to leak. Since the strength is reduced, it can be seen that there is a practical problem as a probe for high-density memory.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a probe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- a first end 2a on which light from a light source is incident As a base material of the probe, a first end 2a on which light from a light source is incident and a diameter smaller than the wavelength of the incident light.
- the conditions for forming the TiN film 3 were examined.
- the film was formed by changing to 4/6 and 2/8.
- the film thickness was controlled by the film formation time to 20 Onm ⁇
- the reflectivity of this TiN film was about 80%, which was lower than the reflectivity of 90% or more obtained in the Au film measured in the same manner. Also, as a result of XRD, the film was found to be amorphous.
- a 5 mW He—Ne laser (632.8 nm) was used as a light source.
- the light intensity at the probe tip was about 2 OpW, which was more than three times that of the comparative example.
- the thickness of the nitride thin film to cover it is important to consider approaching the sample or recording medium to about 10 to 2 Onm as a probe for a scanning near-field optical microscope or a high-density memory.
- the physical probe tip diameter is almost equal to (2 times the film thickness + opening diameter), depending on the taper angle. Since the probe is used to approach the medium up to about 10 to 2 Onm using a probe, if there is angular deviation between the probe and the recording medium due to vibration, etc., a clearance that prevents the probe from colliding with the medium It may be difficult to secure magazines.
- the distance between the probe and the medium is set to 10 nm, and the probe with a 100 nm aperture is coated with a 100 nm film, the worst case allowable angle deviation
- the size of 0 is
- the value is as small as about 0.27deg., And it becomes difficult to secure margins.
- the thickness of the nitride thin film to be coated as described above must be sufficient to confine the light in the probe.
- a problem of clearance for preventing collision between the probe and the medium described above newly arises, and therefore, it is preferably set to 100 nm or less in practical use.
- the core 2 having the first end 2a on which the light from the light source is incident and the second end 2b having a diameter smaller than the wavelength of the incident light, and the core 2 And a cladding 1 for covering the surface of the core 2 at least on the second end 2b side excluding the first and second ends 2a and 2b.
- Titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, and hafnium nitride films not only exhibit high reflectivity for wavelengths of 60 O nm or more, but also provide uniform coating from a thickness of 1 O nm or more, and are also adherent. Because of its excellent properties, a coated probe can be produced without peeling to a thickness of 100 nm. Further, by setting the thickness of the titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride films to 100 Onm or less, it is possible to secure a clearance that prevents collision between the probe and the recording medium.
- the RF-magnetron sputtering method was used as the manufacturing method. Of course, it doesn't matter.
- a hollow probe or the like may be used.
- a probe provided with a cylindrical body 31 made of glass or the like having a first opening 33 into which light is incident and a second opening 34 having a diameter smaller than the wavelength of the incident light.
- a nitride thin film 32 made of at least one of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 31 except for the second openings 33 and 34.
- the input power of the He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) was increased to 4 OmW, and when the probe was used for a long time, the emitted light intensity was reduced to about 6 pW.
- the emitted light intensity was reduced to about 6 pW.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a probe according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration is the same as that of the probe according to the first embodiment except for a light-shielding portion, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Is omitted.
- the Ti / Ti / probe structure was used, the thickness of the TiN film 4 was 10 nm to 1000 nm, (TiN / Ti indicates the structure of a light-shielding portion in which a TiN film is formed on a Ti film).
- the reflectivity of the Ti film 5 for incident light wavelengths of 60 Onm or more was not as good as the TiN film, but when the film thickness of the Ti film 5 was as thin as about 10 nm, the TiN / Ti Reflectance Had virtually no effect. Also, at this time, the TiN / Ti interface is hardly affected by oxygen adsorption, etc. due to the continuous formation of TiN / Ti in the same vacuum, and a two-layer structure with good adhesion is obtained. It was found to form.
- the input power of the He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) was increased to 4 OmW and the probe was used with light incident on the probe, and SEM observation was performed. No cracks were observed. It was confirmed that the intensity of the emitted light at the tip of the probe was as large as about 120 pW.
- the light-shielding portion having the two-layer structure of the nitride thin film selected from at least one combination of titanium nitride / titanium, zirconium nitride / zirconium, and hafnium nitride / hafnium and the metal thin film to be nitrided are formed in the same vacuum.
- the stress of the nitride thin film is relaxed and the adhesion is improved, so that even when the intensity of the incident light is increased, there is no separation and the intensity of the emitted light at the tip of the probe is reduced.
- Example 2 the RF-magnetron sputtering method was used as a manufacturing method.
- other physical film forming methods such as DC-magnetron sputtering method, vapor deposition and ion plating, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were used.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- a chemical film formation method may be used.
- the probe base material at least one of titanium nitride / titanium, zirconium nitride / zirconium and hafnium nitride / hafnium was used instead of the nitride thin film 32 of the hollow probe shown in FIG.
- a two-layer structure of a nitride thin film selected from the above and the metal thin film to be nitrided may be formed.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main part of a probe-type memory provided with the probe of the second embodiment.
- 16 is a semiconductor laser
- 17 is a probe lens system for coupling
- 18 is a probe coupling unit
- 19 is a probe
- 20 is a photodetector
- 21 is a protective film (carbon)
- 22 is a recording film (GeSbTe).
- Reference numeral 23 denotes a substrate (glass disk), and 24 denotes a recording bit.
- small bits were written by the probes manufactured in Examples 1 and 2, and the effectiveness as a probe for high-density memory was examined.
- Two types of probes were used, each having a tip diameter of 50 nm and 100 nm, and coated with 20-nm-thick titanium nitride / titanium.
- a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 635 nm and an incident power of 20 mW as the light source, light was incident on the probe, and the light emitted from the probe tip and reflected on the medium was detected by a photodetector.
- This probe was scanned in XY while keeping the distance to the medium at about 20 nm, and bit writing was attempted.
- the medium used was a general GeSbTe film formed on a glass substrate as a phase change recording film, and a 15 nm thick C film formed as a protective film on top of it.
- the only way to form a small bit is to lower the incident light intensity. Although the light intensity was weak, only incomplete recording could be performed on the medium and the signal quality deteriorated.However, with the above-mentioned probe, even if the incident light was strong enough to record on the medium, the bit size could not be improved. It is possible to perform recording with high density and excellent signal quality without problems such as enlargement. If the respective bit interval is assumed twice the bit size, will be equivalent to the high recording density of 1 6 G b / in 2, 6 4 G b / in 2, the Burobu is for the high-density memory It turns out that it is suitable.
- a practical memory probe is required to have durability against heat history equal to the number of accesses, mechanical strength, and the like. As a result, it was found that there was no deterioration, and that the probe tip had excellent durability with no damage to the probe tip due to XY scanning.
- a phase change film is used as the recording film of the medium.
- any other medium such as a magneto-optical film that can perform optical recording and thermal recording using the present probe may be used.
- a C film is used for this, it is needless to say that an SiO 2 film or the like may be used.
- a photodetector is arranged for simplicity in the configuration, signal detection can also be performed by the present probe.
- the present invention shows high reflectivity for wavelengths of 600 nm or more required for practical use of high-density memory using near-field optics, and does not leak incident light to the probe tip without leaking out of the probe.
- a probe having a small reduction in the intensity of emitted light at the probe tip and a method of manufacturing the same are provided.
- the probe according to the present invention has excellent mechanical strength and durability, which are important for practical use. Even if a large incident light intensity is used for the probe, there is no damage due to a difference in thermal expansion and the emitted light intensity is improved. It is possible to perform high-density recording with excellent signal quality without any problems such as bit size expansion and so on. . In addition, raw materials and manufacturing methods are inexpensive, and have great industrial value.
- the probe of the present invention is used for a probe type memory having a high recording density for recording a minute bit.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Head (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/463,184 US6208789B1 (en) | 1997-07-22 | 1998-07-15 | Probe, method of its manufacturing, and probe-type memory |
EP98932525A EP1016868B1 (en) | 1997-07-22 | 1998-07-15 | Probe, method of its manufacturing, and probe-type memory |
DE69842241T DE69842241D1 (de) | 1997-07-22 | 1998-07-15 | Sonde, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und datenspeicher vom sonden-typ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9/195903 | 1997-07-22 | ||
JP19590397A JP3817032B2 (ja) | 1997-07-22 | 1997-07-22 | プローブ及びその製造方法とプローブ型メモリ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999005530A1 true WO1999005530A1 (en) | 1999-02-04 |
Family
ID=16348910
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1998/003171 WO1999005530A1 (en) | 1997-07-22 | 1998-07-15 | Probe, method of its manufacturing, and probe-type memory |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6208789B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1016868B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3817032B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69842241D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999005530A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7272102B2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2007-09-18 | Seagate Technology Llc | Ridge waveguide with recess |
US7750333B2 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-07-06 | Intel Corporation | Bit-erasing architecture for seek-scan probe (SSP) memory storage |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD261496A (ja) | ||||
GB1354726A (en) | 1970-07-29 | 1974-06-05 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Glass articles coated to reduce solar radiation transmission |
US4684206A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1987-08-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Light waveguide with a submicron aperture, method for manufacturing the waveguide and application of the waveguide in an optical memory |
JPH0894648A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Nikon Corp | 近接場走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
JPH0894649A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Nikon Corp | 近接場走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
JPH0894939A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Nikon Corp | 近接場走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
EP0536607B2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 2007-05-30 | PPG Industries Ohio, Inc. | Heat processable metallic appearing coatings |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2903211B2 (ja) * | 1996-04-09 | 1999-06-07 | セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社 | プローブとプローブ製造方法及び走査型プローブ顕微鏡 |
JPH1194649A (ja) | 1997-09-22 | 1999-04-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 白金温度センサ |
JP3442624B2 (ja) | 1997-09-24 | 2003-09-02 | 株式会社東芝 | 近接目標検出装置を搭載した誘導飛翔体 |
-
1997
- 1997-07-22 JP JP19590397A patent/JP3817032B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-07-15 EP EP98932525A patent/EP1016868B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 DE DE69842241T patent/DE69842241D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 WO PCT/JP1998/003171 patent/WO1999005530A1/ja active Application Filing
- 1998-07-15 US US09/463,184 patent/US6208789B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD261496A (ja) | ||||
GB1354726A (en) | 1970-07-29 | 1974-06-05 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Glass articles coated to reduce solar radiation transmission |
US4684206A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1987-08-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Light waveguide with a submicron aperture, method for manufacturing the waveguide and application of the waveguide in an optical memory |
EP0536607B2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 2007-05-30 | PPG Industries Ohio, Inc. | Heat processable metallic appearing coatings |
JPH0894648A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Nikon Corp | 近接場走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
JPH0894649A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Nikon Corp | 近接場走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
JPH0894939A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-12 | Nikon Corp | 近接場走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3817032B2 (ja) | 2006-08-30 |
EP1016868A4 (en) | 2001-04-18 |
EP1016868B1 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
DE69842241D1 (de) | 2011-06-09 |
EP1016868A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
JPH1138018A (ja) | 1999-02-12 |
US6208789B1 (en) | 2001-03-27 |
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