WO1998048978A1 - Instrument d'impact - Google Patents

Instrument d'impact Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998048978A1
WO1998048978A1 PCT/US1998/007479 US9807479W WO9848978A1 WO 1998048978 A1 WO1998048978 A1 WO 1998048978A1 US 9807479 W US9807479 W US 9807479W WO 9848978 A1 WO9848978 A1 WO 9848978A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
head
handle
members
hammer
handle structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/007479
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1998048978A9 (fr
Inventor
John A. Burnett
Original Assignee
Burnett John A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Burnett John A filed Critical Burnett John A
Priority to US09/403,650 priority Critical patent/US6477922B1/en
Priority to AU72477/98A priority patent/AU7247798A/en
Publication of WO1998048978A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998048978A1/fr
Publication of WO1998048978A9 publication Critical patent/WO1998048978A9/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G1/00—Handle constructions
    • B25G1/01—Shock-absorbing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D1/00—Hand hammers; Hammer heads of special shape or materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G3/00—Attaching handles to the implements
    • B25G3/02—Socket, tang, or like fixings
    • B25G3/12—Locking and securing devices
    • B25G3/28—Locking and securing devices comprising wedges, keys, or like expanding means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hand held manually operated tools and, more particularly,
  • Impact tools such as hammers, axes, picks and other hand held manually operated striking tools are well known and have been used for centuries. Each of these tools come in a variety of shapes and sizes. The specific construction of the impact tool varies widely according to the desired specified use.
  • Such tools are typically provided with a one-piece head structure formed from steel or the like and usually includes two metallic impact or striking surfaces.
  • Carpentry hammers typically
  • the hammer can include heads formed from a softer material such as lead or hardened rubber material to provide nonmarring impact surfaces.
  • Hammers typically have included a handle extending away from the head structure to provide the hammer with a generally T-shaped configuration.
  • the one-piece head structure is typically created from a forging operation to add strength to the head structure of the impact tool.
  • a lengthwise portion of the handle fits through a bore or opening provided in the one-piece head structure.
  • a wedge or other suitable fastening device is driven into the free end of the handle to fasten the handle to the head structure.
  • composite hammer embodying a split head design wherein a non-load bearing internal head assembly is carried by a rigid outer load bearing framework which provides strength and stiffness to the tool.
  • the "dead-blow" characteristic offered by my patented tool is accomplished through a split head tool design that remarkably reduces and substantially eliminates transference of the impact from the striking head to the user's hand.
  • an impact tool including a head structure with first and second members extending in opposite directions from each other but which are maintained in interconnected relationship relative to each other by a handle structure extending normal from and secured to
  • the members of the head structure are formed from metal.
  • the impact tool is configured as a hammer
  • at least one of the members of the head structure is a striking head which can include an exposed metal striking surface.
  • the other member of the head structure for the hammer can be configured as a claw or, alternatively, a second striking head with an exposed metal striking surface.
  • each member of the head structure includes a working portion and an attachment portion.
  • the structure extends, at least partially, in surrounding relation relative to a lengthwise portion of the handle structure so as to prevent the member from becoming disassociated with the handle structure.
  • Forming the attachment portion of a claw-like configured head with a clevis-like configuration appears beneficial to distribute forces imparted thereto during operation of the tool.
  • the handle structure includes an elongated handle formed from any of a myriad of
  • the handle structure further includes a wedge-like member driven into the free end of the handle.
  • the wedge-like member serves to maintain the handle structure and head structure in secured engagement relative to each other.
  • the members of the head structure are separated from each other in an axial direction.
  • the spacing between the members of the head structure allows for
  • the spacing between the heads or members of the head structure allows the unstruck head to move toward and impact against the struck head thereby providing a secondary blow that inhibits the tool's struck head from rebounding from the struck surface and thereby dampening vibration through the handle.
  • the head structure are configured with confronting impact surfaces.
  • the spacing mentioned above is provided between the impact surfaces on the heads or members of the head structure.
  • the range of spacing between the members of the head structure varies and is dependent upon a number of factors. That is, the spacing between the members of the head assembly varies as a function of the mass distribution or geometry of the head structure members, the material from
  • the tool of the present invention can further include elastomeric material disposed between the handle of the tool and the heads or members of the head structure.
  • the elastomeric material has a hardness ranging between about 40 Shore A durometer hardness and about a 95 Shore A durometer hardness. Suffice it to say, the elastomeric material acts as a spring for re rning the nonstruck head to a normal or operational position after moving toward
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to configuring at least one of the members of the head structure from laminations.
  • the other member or head of the head structure is captively received between laminations of the other member. After captively arranging the heads or members of the head structure relative to each other, the laminations are fixedly secured to
  • a lengthwise portion of the handle structure of the tool extends through and is
  • a striking plate or cap can be arranged in combination with the laminations.
  • the striking plate defines a striking surface for the tool and, thus, inhibits separation of the laminations during use of the tool.
  • the head structure preferably comprises dual heads or members which are generally axially aligned relative to each other. Because the heads or members of the
  • head assembly of the present invention can be manufactured separately, the manufacturing equipment and processes for forming the heads or members of the head structure are significantly simplified, thus, reducing manufacturing costs and thereby enhancing the selling price of the tool. Configuring one or more of the striking heads with laminations furthermore enhances the manufacturing process.
  • Arranging elastomeric material between the heads and the handle of the tool furthermore
  • the elastomeric material effectively isolates the head structure from the handle structure thereby significantly reducing vibration transfer from the head structure through the handle structure and to the user's hand.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention involves arranging a skin of resin impregnated fiber material, preferably an arimid fiber material, along and about the lengthwise portion of the handle structure extending into operative combination with the head structure of the impact tool.
  • a skin of resin impregnated fiber material preferably an arimid fiber material
  • an epoxy is used in combination with the fiber material or skin.
  • the fiber skin or material plus the epoxy defines a more cumbersome path for impact vibrations to traverse between the striking head of the head structure and the handle structure thereby significantly reducing vibration transference during use of the tool.
  • a cosmetic cover is preferably arranged beneath the head structure and extends about the handle of the handle structure to aesthetically cover any free ends of the fiber material extending from the head structure of the tool.
  • the presence of an epoxy material about that portion of the handle structure extending into operative combination with the head structure will enhance securement of the head structure and handle structure to each other while advantageously dampening vibrations whether the head structure is of a unitary design or of the two-piece design as disclosed above.
  • FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of an impact tool embodying features of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2 - 2 of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3 - 3 of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 4 is an exploded perspective view of the members forming a head structure of the impact tool illustrated in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 5 is a top plan view of the alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6 - 6 of FIGURE 5;
  • FIGURE 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of another alternative form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 8 is a top plan view of another alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGURE 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9 - 9 of FIGURE 8.
  • FIGURE 10 is a top plan view of yet another alternative form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 11 is a sectional view taken along line 11 - 11 of FIGURE 10;
  • FIGURE 12 is a top plan view of another alterative form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13 - 13 of FIGURE 12;
  • FIGURE 14 illustrates a top plan view of still another alternative form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 15 is a sectional view taken along line 15 - 15 of FIGURE 14;
  • FIGURE 16 is a top plan view of still another form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 17 is a sectional view taken along line 17 - 17 of FIGURE 16;
  • FIGURE 18 is a partial longitudinal section of still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 19 is a sectional view taken along line 19 - 19 of FIGURE 18.
  • FIGURES 1 through 3 an impact tool 10 constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • hammer 10 has a generally T-shaped configuration including a head structure 12 with a handle structure 14 extending therefrom and in a generally perpendicular relationship therewith.
  • the head structure 12 includes first and second independent or separate heads or members 20 and 30 which, in the illustrated form of the invention, are generally axially aligned in a first direction relative to each other.
  • the heads or members 20, 30 extend toward first and second sides, respectively, of the tool 10.
  • the heads or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12 are fabricated from a suitable metal or metal alloy.
  • head structure 12 defines an exposed striking surface 22 while head or member 30 of head
  • the structure 12 defines an exposed striking surface 32.
  • the heads 20, 30 and the striking surfaces 22, 32 respectively could be encased to limit marring of the surface struck or impacted with the tool without detracting or departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • the configurations of the heads or members 20, 30 of head structure 12 can be other than that shown without departing or detracting from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • the handle structure interconnects the heads 20, 30 of the head structure 12 to each other and extends in a second direction away from the head structure 12 to provide a generally T- shaped formation or configuration to the tool 10.
  • the handle structure 14 includes an elongated handle 40, a lengthwise portion of which extends through and interconnects the heads or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12 to each other.
  • the handle 40 of handle structure 14 is formed from a class of materials including: wood such as hickory, plastic, metal, nylon, fiberglass, elastomers, or other rigid materials.
  • the handle 40 of handle structure 14 is preferably of one-piece construction between opposite ends 42 and 44 thereof to reduce the opportunity of vibrations passing therethrough.
  • the head piece or member 20 of the head structure 12 includes a working portion 24 and an attachment portion 26.
  • the head piece or member 30 of the head structure 12 includes a working portion 34 and an attachment portion 36.
  • a lengthwise portion of the handle 40 extends through and interconnects the attachment portions 26, 36 of the heads or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12.
  • the head pieces or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12 are configured to interconnect relative to each other to prevent their inadvertent separation from each other and from the handle
  • each head piece or member 20, 30 defines a bore 21, 31, respectively, extending therethrough for accommodating endwise reception and holding of a lengthwise portion of the handle 40.
  • handle structure 14 furthermore preferably includes a wedge-like insert 16 driven into the free upper end 42 of the handle 40 passing through the attachment portions 26, 36 of the heads or members 20, 30, respectively, thereby facilitating securement of the head structure 12 to the handle structure 14.
  • adhesive or other forms of attachment devices can be used to secure the head structure 12 to the 40 handle
  • the head pieces or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12 are furthermore configured to prevent their axial displacement along the length of the handle 30.
  • the attachment sections or portions 26, 36 of the head pieces 20, 30, respectively are each secured to a lengthwise portion of the handle structure 14 extending therethrough.
  • the attachment sections 26, 36 of the heads or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12 are vertically arranged relative to each other to prevent their inadvertent displacement along the axial length of the handle 40 during operation of the tool 10.
  • member 20, 30 is configured with an axially extending recess 23, 33 shaped to complement an
  • the axial projection 25 on the head or member 20 is accommodated within the complementary shaped axially extending recess 33 defined on the head piece or member 30 of head structure 12.
  • the axial projection 35 on the head or member 30 is accommodated within the complementary shaped axially
  • the head pieces or members 20 are provided with the head pieces or members 20,
  • the head pieces 20 30 of the head structure 12 are
  • the head pieces or members 20, 30 of head structure 12 are provided with complementary and confronting impact surfaces that are axially separated from each other by the predetermined distance mentioned above.
  • an impact surface 27 is provided within the recess 23 on the head piece or member 20 of head structure 12 in spaced and confronting relationship relative to an impact surface 38 on the axial projection 35 of head piece or member 30 of the head structure 12.
  • an impact surface 37 is provided within the recess 33 on the head piece or member 30 of head structure 12 in spaced and confronting relationship relative to impact surface 28 on the axial projection 25 head piece or member 20 of the head structure 12.
  • head pieces or members 20, 30 of the head structure 12 can be spaced a further distance apart from each other without detracting or departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • more than one impact surface can be defined on the head pieces or members 20, 30 of head structure 12 without detracting or departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as long as the axial spacing between the confronting surfaces is the same.
  • Another salient feature which distinguishes the present invention from heretofore known tools relates to isolating the two-piece head structure 12 from the handle structure 14 to
  • elastomeric material 50 is provided between the handle structure 14
  • the handle 40 extending through the head structure 12.
  • the elastomeric material 50 disposed between the head pieces 20, 30 of the head structure 12 and the handle structure 14, promotes axial movement of the unstruck head piece toward the head piece that is struck against a surface.
  • a sleeve 52 formed from an elastomeric material is disposed about and along the lengthwise portion of the handle 40 passing through the head
  • the elastomeric sleeve 52 is secured to that lengthwise portion of the handle
  • the adhesiveness of the sleeve 52 to the heads or members 20, 30 and to the handle portion 40 furthermore facilitates maintaining the head structure 12 in operable association with the handle structure 14.
  • the elastomeric material can take a myriad of forms.
  • an elastomeric composition having a Shore A durometer hardness ranging between about 40 and 95 appears to be best suited for this application.
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally by
  • reference numeral 110 The elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10 are designated by reference numerals identical to those used above with the exception that this embodiment uses reference numerals in the 100 series.
  • the head structure 112 and handle structure 114 are substantially similar to that discussed above.
  • the head structure 112 includes a pair of axially separated striking heads 120, 130.
  • the handle structure 114 includes an elongated handle 140 having opposite ends 142, 144.
  • the head piece or member 130 of the head structure 112 defines a bore 131 extending therethrough and through which a lengthwise portion of the handle structure 114 extends.
  • the head piece or member 120 of head structure 112 is provided with an aperture or opening 129 for permitting endwise passage of the wedge-like member 116 therethrough and into the free end 142 of the handle 140 thereby enhancing securement of the head structure 112 and handle structure 114 in operative combination relative to each other.
  • the counterbore 121 of the head piece or member 120 and the bore 131 of head piece or member 130 are each configured to accommodate elastomeric material 150 disposed, at least, on opposite sides of the handle structure 114.
  • the handle structure 114 and/or the elastomeric material 150 can be suitably secured to the head structure 112 as through adhesive or the like.
  • FIGURE 7 This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally by
  • reference numeral 210 The elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10 are designated by reference numerals identical to those used above with the exception that this embodiment uses reference numerals in the 200 series.
  • the head structure 212 is substantially similar to that discussed above.
  • the head structure 212 includes a pair of axially separated striking heads 220, 230.
  • the head pieces or members 220, 230 of the head structure 212 defines bores 221, 231, respectively, extending therethrough and through which a lengthwise portion of a handle structure 214 extends to hold the attachment portions 226, 236 of the head pieces or members 220, 230, respectively, together in interconnected relationship relative to each other.
  • the bore 221 of head piece 220 could be configured with a counterbore like head piece 120 discussed above without detracting or departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • the handle structure 214 in this embodiment of the invention extends through holds the head pieces 220, 230 of the head structure 220 in axially separated relation relative to each other.
  • the handle structure 214 includes an elongated handle 240 with an enlarged head piece 241 toward that end that passes endwise through the attachment portions 226, 236 of the head pieces or members 220, 230, respectively, of the head structure 212.
  • at least the enlarged head piece 241 of handle structure 214 is formed from an elastomeric composition having a Shore A durometer hardness ranging between about 40 and 95.
  • the enlarged head piece 241 of handle 240 is sized to snugly fit within bores 221, 231 defined in the head pieces or members 220, 230 of the head structure 212 and be secured thereto
  • the handle structure 214 can further include a wedge-like member (not shown) driven into the free end of the handle 240, or any other suitable affixation device or method.
  • attachment portions 226, 236 of the head pieces or members 220, 230, respectively extend at least partially in surrounding circumferential relation relative to a lengthwise portion of the enlarged head piece 241 thereby preventing complete separation of the
  • head pieces or members 220, 230, respectively, of the head structure 212 appear different than the attachment portions 26, 36 discussed above regarding head pieces 20, 30, they are intended to serve the identical function to that discussed above and are maintained in normally separated relation relative to each other.
  • FIGURES 8 and 9 Another embodiment of a tool embodying features of the present invention is schematically illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 9.
  • This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally by reference numeral 310.
  • the elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10 are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10.
  • embodiment uses reference numerals in the 300 series.
  • the tool 310 is configured as a carpentry hammer.
  • the head structure 312 of the hammer 310 includes first and second pieces or members 320, 330, respectively, joined to each other by an elongated handle structure 314 extending generally normal to and away from the head structure 312.
  • the handle structure 314 includes an elongated handle 340, a lengthwise portion of which extends through and interconnects the heads or members 320, 330 of the head structure 312 to each other.
  • the handle 340 is preferably formed from a class of materials including: wood such as hickory, plastic, metal, nylon, fiberglass, elastomers, or other rigid materials.
  • the handle 340 is preferably of one-piece construction between opposite ends 342 and 344 thereof.
  • the handle structure 314 furthermore preferably includes a wedge-like structure or insert 316 forced into the upper free end 342 of the one-piece handle 340 of handle structure 314.
  • the insert 316 of handle structure 314 circumferentially expands that end of handle structure 314 passing, at least partially, through the head structure 312 thereby enhancing the securement of the handle structure 314 to the head structure 312.
  • the first piece 320 of the head structure 312 is configured as a striking head
  • the other piece or member 330 of the head structure 312 has a
  • claw-like configuration including a pair of laterally spaced tines or members 339 and 339' extending away from handle 340 of the handle structure 314.
  • elastomeric material 350 is inserted between opposed sides of the handle 340 and attachment portions 326, 336 of the heads or members 320, 330, respectively, of the head structure 312.
  • the elastomeric material furthermore isolates the head structure 312 from the handle structure 314 thereby inhibiting vibrations from being transferred along the length of
  • the elastomeric material 350 is in the form of strips of elastomeric material 352 arranged between opposed lengthwise sides of the handle 340 and the heads 320, 330 of the head structure 312.
  • the attachment portions 326, 336 of the head pieces or members 320 have a clevis-like configuration to enhance distribution of the forces acting on
  • the attachment portion 326 of the head piece or member 320 of head structure 312 includes an axially elongated vertically spaced projections 360.
  • Each axially elongated projection 360 on head piece or member 320 defines an opening or aperture 362 circumferentially extending, at least partially, about a lengthwise section of the handle 340 to hold the striking head 320 to the handle structure 314.
  • the opening 362 defined by the attachment section 326 is sized to fit snugly about the elastomeric material 352 fitted about the handle 340.
  • the structure is configured with a pair of elongated axially extending, vertically spaced projections 370 which, in the illustrated embodiment, are embraced by the projection 360 of head piece or member 320.
  • the projections 370 of the head piece or claw-like member 330 define a pair of vertically aligned openings or apertures 374 which circumferentially extend, at least partially, about a lengthwise portion of the handle 340 extending endwise therethrough.
  • the openings 374 defined by the attachment section 336 of the head piece or clawlike member 330 are sized to fit snugly about the elastomeric material 352 fitted about the handle 340.
  • the striking head 320 of head structure 312 is formed with axially
  • each of the axially elongated projections 360 forming part of the attachment portion 326 of the striking head 320 is formed with an impact surface 328 at the distal end
  • FIGURES 10 and 11 Still another embodiment of a tool embodying features of the present invention is illustrated in FIGURES 10 and 11. This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally
  • reference numeral 410 The elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10 are designated by reference numerals identical to those used above with the exception that this embodiment uses reference numerals in the 400 series.
  • Tool 410 is again configured as a carpentry hammer.
  • hammer 410 includes first and second pieces or members 420, 430, respectively.
  • hammer 410 further includes a handle structure 414 extending from the head structure 412 at a generally pe ⁇ endicular relationship thereby providing a generally T-shaped configuration to the! tool 410.
  • the first piece 420 of the head structure 412 is configured as a striking head with a striking surface 422.
  • the other member 430 of the head structure 412 is configured with a claw-like design including a pair of laterally spaced tines or members 439 and 439'.
  • the striking head 420 is preferably of one piece
  • portion 426 of the striking head 420 is specifically configured to be captively received by the
  • the attachment portion 426 of the striking head 420 is configured with an enlarged end portion 460 to retain the head 420 in captive but axially slidable relationship relative to head piece 430.
  • the claw-like member 430 of the head structure 412 has a laminated configuration including first and second halves or pieces 470, 472 which are the mirror image of each other and, when assembled, provide the entire shape to the claw-like member 430 of the head structure 412.
  • Each piece 470, 472 of the claw-like member 430 defines a open sided cavity 473 having
  • each piece 470, 472 of the claw-like member 430 defines an open sided channel 474
  • the attachment portion 426 of the head piece 420 is captively received within
  • the laminations 470, 472 forming the claw-like member 430 of the head structure 412 are fixedly held to each other as by a series or plurality of rivets 480 or other suitable securement devices.
  • the handle 440 has a changing cross-sectional configuration along that lengthwise portion extending through the claw-like member 430 of the head structure.
  • the changing cross-sectional configuration of the handle 440 is specifically configured to secure the
  • a generally centralized lengthwise section of the handle 440 has
  • the handle 440 is preferably configured as a one-piece member.
  • elastomeric material 450 is inserted between the lengthwise portion of the handle 440 and the that portion of head piece 430 arranged in surrounding relationship thereto.
  • the elastomeric material 450 only needs to be positioned on opposite sides of the handle 440 to promote axial movements of the head pieces 420, 430 toward each other.
  • a sleeve 452 of elastomeric material is positioned along and about the lengthwise portion of the handle 440 extending through the head piece 430 of the head structure 412.
  • the elastomeric material has a hardness ranging between about 40 Shore A durometer hardness and about a 95 Shore A durometer hardness.
  • the attachment portion 426 of the head piece or striking head 420 of the head structure 412 is configured with an elongated shank-like projection axially extending from the striking head 420 with an impact surface 428 at a distal end thereof.
  • the claw-like member 430 is configured with a recess 473 shaped to accommodate the shank-like projection 426 on the head piece or member 420.
  • an impact surface 437 is defined by the recess 473.
  • an elastomeric material 481 is positioned between the impact surface 428 on the head or member 420 and the impact surface 437 on the claw-like member 430 to act as a spring for maintaining the axially spaced relationship between the confronting impact surfaces defined by the head or members 420, 430 of the head structure 412.
  • FIGURES 12 and 13 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the invention substantially similar to that illustrated in FIGURES 10 and 11.
  • This embodiment of the invention includes substantially the same structure as discussed above regarding tool 410 with the exception of the manner by which the striking head 420 is secured to the claw-like member 430.
  • the attachment portion 426 on the striking head 420 is configured as an axially elongated shank-like projection axially extending away from the striking head 420 and is slidably received for axial movement within a cavity 433 defined by the head piece or claw-like member 430. That is, and with this embodiment of the hammer 410, the axially extended projection 426 is arranged for endwise or axial sliding movement within the recess 433 in the claw-like member 430 defined by the two
  • a series of rivets or other suitable fasteners 480 serve to fixedly hold the laminations 470, 472 to each other.
  • the rivets or fasteners 480 are shown as extending through the laminations 470, 472 and holding them in fixed relation relative to each other. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, however, the fasteners do not necessary need to extend completely through both laminations 470, 472. Other alternative means of securing the laminations 470, 472 to each other would equally suffice without detracting or departing from
  • At least one elongated fastener 480 axially extends through the shank-like axial projection on head piece 420.
  • the axially elongated projection 426 is provided with a throughbore 482 having a diameter greater than the diameter of the rivet or fastener 480 used to hold the laminations 470, 472 in assembled relation relative to each other.
  • a bearing sleeve of elastomeric material 484 fills the void around the rivet or fastener 480 and the internal diameter of the bore 482.
  • the elastomeric material will have generally the same characteristics as mentioned above and will serve to maintain the impact surfaces 437 and 428 on the head members or pieces 420 and 430 of the head structure in predetermined axially spaced relation relative to each other while also allowing for the impact surfaces to collide with each other when the striking head 420 is stricken against a surface or object.
  • FIGURES 14 and 15 A further embodiment of a tool embodying features of the present invention are schematically illustrated in FIGURES 14 and 15.
  • This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally by reference numeral 10.
  • the elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10 are designated by reference numerals identical to those used above with the exception that this embodiment uses reference numerals in the 500 series.
  • Tool 510 is similar in configuration to the tool 10 discussed above and shown in FIGURES 1 through 3.
  • the tool 510 includes a head structure 512 including first and second pieces or members 520 and 530, respectively, which are axially aligned in a first direction.
  • the tool or hammer 510 further includes a handle structure 514 extending
  • the head pieces or members 520 and 530 of the head structure 512 are each formed from a series of laminations 529 and 539, respectively, fixedly held to each other by a series of suitable rivets or fasteners 580.
  • Each plate or lamination 529 forming the head piece or member 520 is configured with a cutout 522 which, after the plates 529 are assembled relative to each other, define a recess 523 including at least one impact surface 527.
  • each lamination or plate 529 of the head member or piece 520 has an extension 526 having an impact surface 528 at a distal end thereof.
  • Each plate or lamination 539 forming the head piece or member 520 is configured with a cutout 532 which, after the plates 539 are assembled relative to each other, define a recess 533 including at least one impact surface 537.
  • the plate 539 of the head member or piece 530 has an extension 536 having an impact surface 538 at a distal end thereof.
  • the impact surfaces 527, 538 and 528, 537, respectively are arranged in confronting but predetermined spaced relationship relative to each other in substantially the same manner as discussed above.
  • the handle structure 514 furthermore preferably includes a suitably shaped member, such as a wedge-like member 516, which is driven into or operatively extends from the free end 542 of the handle 540 of handle structure 514 to facilitate securement of the head structure 512 to the handle structure 514.
  • a suitably shaped member such as a wedge-like member 516
  • either end of the head structure 512 can be used for striking pu ⁇ oses, a cap
  • structure 570 fits about the ends of the laminations 529, 539 of the heads or members 520, 530
  • each cap structure 570 defines a striking surface 525, 535 for each head or member 520, 530 of the head structure 512.
  • each cap structure 570 defines a peripheral wall or skirt 572 arranged in capturing and surrounding relation relative to the laminations 529, 539 of the head or members 520, 530 thereby inhibiting the laminations 529, 539 from "separating" relative to each other as the tool 510 is used to strike a surface.
  • the cap structure 570 is secured as through any suitable means to the ends of the laminations 529, 539 forming the heads or members 520, 530 of the head structure 512. It is also within the scope of the present invention to configure the head structure of the impact tool 510 such that alternating laminations can be formed from an elastomeric material.
  • FIGURES 16 and 17 A still further embodiment of a tool embodying features of the present invention is schematically illustrated in FIGURES 16 and 17.
  • This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally by reference numeral 610.
  • the elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical to or functionally analogous to those components discussed above
  • impact tool 10 are designated by reference numerals identical to those used above with
  • the tool 610 is similar in configuration to the laminated tool 510 discussed above and shown in FIGURES 14 and 15.
  • the tool 610 includes a head structure 612 including first and second pieces or members 620 and 630, respectively, which are axially aligned in a first direction.
  • the tool or hammer 610 further includes a handle structure 614 extending from the head structure 612 in a second direction and generally pe ⁇ endicular to the head structure 612 thereby providing a generally T-shaped configuration to the tool 610.
  • the head pieces or members 620 and 630 of the head structure 612 are each formed from laminations 621 and 631, respectively, fixedly held to each other by a series of suitable rivets or fasteners 680.
  • At least one other lamination 625 formed, from an elastomeric material, is sandwiched or inserted between the laminations 621 and 631 fo ⁇ riing the head pieces or member 620, 630 and is secured to each
  • the laminations 621, 631 each define an impact surface 627, 638 and 628, 637,
  • laminations 621, 631 forming the head pieces or members 620, 630 of head structure 612 are arranged in confronting axially spaced relation relative to each other.
  • handle structure 614 includes a one-piece handle 640 having a changing cross- sectional configuration along that lengthwise portion extending endwise through the elastomeric lamination 625 of the head structure 612.
  • the changing cross-sectional configuration of the handle 640 is specifically configured to secure the elastomeric lamination 625 along the length of the handle structure 614.
  • the lengthwise section of the handle 640 arranged in
  • operative association with the head structure 612 preferably has an hourglass configuration.
  • the handle 640 is prevented from axially moving along its length relative to the
  • the laminated or lengthwise split configuration of the head structure 612 allows such a design to capture the handle structure 614 relative to the head structure 612.
  • FIGURES 18 and 19 schematically illustrate still another embodiment of an impact tool embodying salient features of the present invention.
  • This alternative form of impact tool is designated generally by reference numeral 710.
  • the elements of this alternative form of impact tool that are identical or functionally analogous to those components discussed above regarding impact tool 10 are designated by reference numerals identical to those used above with the exception that this embodiment uses reference numerals in the 700 series.
  • Tool 710 is again configured as a carpentry hammer.
  • the hammer 710 includes a head
  • a skin or sock 702 extends about and along at least that lengthwise portion of the handle structure 714 extending into operative cooperation with the head structure 712.
  • the skin 702 is fabricated from an arimid fiber material such as KEVLAR® marketed and sold by the DuPont Corporation.
  • the arimid fiber material used in combination with the present invention has a unique configuration of high strength, high modulus and toughness.
  • the arimid fiber material or skin 702 is encapsulated or impregnated
  • the epoxy impregnated into the fiber sleeve maintains the frayed ends of the sleeve 702 in a radially expanded configuration, as schematically illustrated in FIGURE 18, and thereby enhances the interface between the head structure 712 and handle structure 714 while furthermore preventing the handle structure 714 from pulling out or separating from the head structure 712.
  • a cover 704 is disposed along and about a lengthwise portion of the handle
  • the pu ⁇ ose of the cover 704 is to extend about a lengthwise portion of the epoxied and impregnated fiber material extending beyond the head structure 712 of the tool 710. To maintain the distinctive character of the tool 710, however, at least a lengthwise portion of the cover 704 is transparent or otherwise visually permeable to permit visual access to the material skin 702 while inhibiting inadvertent unwrapping or unraveling of the impregnated fiber skin 702.
  • head structure 712 includes first and second pieces or members 720 and 730, respectively.
  • the first member or piece 720 of head structure 712 is configured as a striking head with a striking surface 722.
  • the other piece or member 730 of the head structure 712 has a claw-like configuration including a pair of laterally spaced tines or members 739 and 739'.
  • the head piece 720 includes an attachment portion 726 projecting away from and generally normal to the striking surface 722.
  • the head piece 730 likewise includes an attachment portion 736 defining an elongated opening 773 for endwise receiving the attachment portion 726 of head piece or member 720.
  • the opening 773 allows for radial expansion of the frayed free ends of the sock 702 in the manner described above.
  • the attachment portion 726 of head piece or member 720 has a generally semi-circular configuration extending axially away from the distal end of member 720 arranged opposite from the striking surface 722 to provide further space for expansion of the free ends of the braided sock 702..
  • the distal end of the attachment portion 726 of head piece or member 720 defines an impact surface 728 arranged in confronting but spaced relationship to an impact surface 738 defined by an end wall of the elongated recess or opening 773 defined by head member or piece 730.
  • the confronting impact surfaces 728, 738 on the heads 720, 730, respectively, are spaced
  • the attachment portion 726 of head piece or member 720 further defines an open ended recess or opening 727 extending therethrough.
  • the attachment portion 736 of the head piece 730 defines a throughbore or opening 737 for accommodating the handle structure 714 and which opens to an upper surface of the head piece or member 730 of head structure 712.
  • handle structure 714 includes an elongated handle 740, a member 716 extending endwise from that end of the handle 740 inserted into the head structure 712, and an elastomeric
  • link 750 which operatively acts as a lengthwise extension of that portion of the handle 740
  • the handle 740 of the handle structure 714 is preferably selected from the class of materials including: woods, such as hickory; plastic; metal; nylon; fiberglass; or other suitable rigid material.
  • the handle 740 has opposed ends 742 and 744. As shown in FIGURES 18 and 19, the end 742 of handle 740 is configured for insertion within the head structure 712 of the tool. In this regard, and to enhance its insertion within the head structure 712, the end 742 of handle 740 preferably has a inwardly tapered configuration.
  • member 716 of the handle structure 714 has a generally wedge-like configuration but any suitable design would equally suffice without
  • handle structure 714 further includes the elastomeric link 750 for resiliently joining the head pieces or member 720, 730 of the head structure 712 to each other and to handle structure 714.
  • the elastomeric link 750 has a durometer hardness ranging between about a 40 Shore A durometer hardness and about a 95 Shore A durometer hardness.
  • the elastomeric link 750 acts as a spring for returning the nonstruck head of the head structure 712 to a normal or operational position after moving toward and impacting with the struck head or member of the head structure 712. Accordingly, any suitable material which, during use of the tool 710, will initially
  • Assembly of the impact tool 710 illustrated in FIGURES 18 and 19 preferably involves the following steps and processes.
  • the free end 742 of handle 740, with the arimid sock or sleeve 702 arranged thereabout, is inserted into the head piece 730 of head structure 712.
  • the attachment portion 726 of head piece 720 is then inserted into the opening 773 and into operative relationship with the head member 730.
  • the epoxy or adhesive is then introduced through the openings 727 and 737 of the head pieces 720 and 730, respectively, to impregnate and wet the arimid fiber sleeve 702 thereby enhancing the securement between the head structure
  • member 716 of handle structure 714 is inserted into operative association with the free end 742 of handle 740 thereby causing outward
  • an elastomer such as polyurethane
  • an elastomer is inserted or injected into the openings 727 and 737 of the head pieces 720 and 730, respectively, to completely fill the voids and surround that portion of member 716 extending axially from the handle 740.
  • the polyurethane acts as the elastomeric link 750 joining the head pieces or members 720, 730 of head structure to each other and to handle 740.
  • the cover 704 can be arranged about the handle 740 of handle structure 714 prior to insertion of the handle 740 into operative association with the head structure 712. After the head structure 712 and handle structure 714 are fixed to each other, the cover 704 is slidably moved into the position illustrated in FIGURES 18 and 19 relative to the head structure 712. Alternatively, and in a manner well known in the art, the cover 704 can be molded about the handle 740 structure 714 after the head structure 712 and handle structure 714 are arranged in operative association relative to each other.
  • the split head impact tool described above has several advantages over heretofore known impact tools. Unlike other impact tools, the heads or members of the head structure of the
  • the heads or members of the head structure facilitates interchangability and significantly simplifies the manufacturing process. Rather than having to forge an entire head assembly for
  • each head or member of the head structure includes a working end or portion and an attachment portion.
  • the attachments portions or ends of the heads or members of the head structure are interconnected to each other by the handle extending therethrough in a manner heretofore unknown.
  • the split head design of the present invention advantageously offers a unique "dead blow"
  • This dead blow characteristic is enhanced when elastomeric material is provided between the heads and opposite sides of the handle structure.
  • the elastomeric material between the heads and the handle structure serves to maintain impact surfaces defined by the heads of the head structure in a predetermined spaced relationship relative to each other.
  • the predetermined spacing between the impact surfaces on the heads or members of the head structure ranges between about 0.010 inches and about 0.070 inches.
  • spacing between the heads of the head structure is dependent upon a number of factors including:
  • the separated head design offered by the present invention allows the unstruck head of the head structure to act as a lagging mass that suppresses the rebound of the struck head. That is, the split heads of the head structure of the present invention are permitted to axially move along a predetermined path relative to each other such that when one head of the head structure is impacted on a surface of an object, the other head of the head structure moves toward and collides with the struck head thereby providing a secondary blow keeping the struck head from rebounding and, thus, deadening the blow of the hammer or impact tool. Moreover, the elastomeric material between the head structure and the handle structure serves to isolate the handle from the heads or members of the head structure, thus, significantly reducing the
  • the alternative laminated structure for the heads of the head structure furthermore allows one head of the head structure to be captured by the other head of the head structure to further simplify the present invention.
  • End caps define a striking surface for the head structure of the tool and inhibits "splitting" of the laminations during use of the tool.
  • the composite structure of such an impact tool design offers several advantages regardless of whether the head structure embodies a split head design or is of unitary construction.
  • First, using the arimid fiber material in combination with an epoxy offers increased strength between the head structure and handle structure interface. Second, such a composite structure isolates the head structure 712 from the handle
  • a more complex and complicated path needs to be traversed by the vibrations when the head structure 712 is struck against a surface.
  • the more complicated path for vibrations to travel between the struck head and the handle advantageously yields vibration dampening characteristics during use of the tool 710.
  • a portion of the material skin or sock 702 extend beyond the head structure 712 and along a portion of the handle structure 714, its appearance will undoubtedly add distinctiveness to the hammer design.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un instrument d'impact (710) possédant un ensemble tête (712), constitué d'un premier élément (720) tête et d'un second élément (730) tête, et un ensemble manche allongé (714). Une partie longitudinale de l'ensemble manche est reliée de manière fonctionnelle aux premier et second éléments tête de l'ensemble tête et maintient lesdits éléments en combinaison fonctionnelle. Un matériau en fibres tissées (702) est disposé autour de la partie longitudinale de l'ensemble manche, ladite partie étant reliée de manière fonctionnelle aux premier et second éléments tête, et est fixé à cette partie longitudinale avec une résine époxyde pour renforcer la liaison entre l'élément manche et les éléments tête.
PCT/US1998/007479 1997-04-29 1998-04-29 Instrument d'impact WO1998048978A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/403,650 US6477922B1 (en) 1998-04-29 1998-04-29 Impact tool
AU72477/98A AU7247798A (en) 1997-04-29 1998-04-29 Impact tool

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4435397P 1997-04-29 1997-04-29
US60/044,353 1997-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998048978A1 true WO1998048978A1 (fr) 1998-11-05
WO1998048978A9 WO1998048978A9 (fr) 1999-03-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/007479 WO1998048978A1 (fr) 1997-04-29 1998-04-29 Instrument d'impact

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU7247798A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998048978A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6701805B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-03-09 Richard B. Souder Stone working tool having multiple striking edges on reversible-replaceable plates
US11718073B2 (en) 2018-08-06 2023-08-08 Lg Chem. Ltd. Asymmetry composite material

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US54258A (en) * 1866-04-24 Improved furrowing-hammer
US184877A (en) * 1876-11-28 Improvement in facing-hammers for dressing millstones
US1042984A (en) * 1911-12-16 1912-10-29 Joseph Stauder Combination-tool.
US1118010A (en) * 1913-08-02 1914-11-24 John R Steel Hatchet.
US1387582A (en) * 1921-03-21 1921-08-16 Bergamini Antonio Hammer
US1582305A (en) * 1925-06-11 1926-04-27 Reichling Alois Hand hammer
US2067751A (en) * 1935-03-02 1937-01-12 Raymond E Beegle Securing means for tool handles
US2833323A (en) * 1955-05-16 1958-05-06 Strickland John William Hammer
GB846702A (en) * 1956-07-12 1960-08-31 Wright Howard Clayton Ltd Improvements relating to hand tools
US4352381A (en) * 1980-08-25 1982-10-05 Dasco Products, Inc. Tool head and handle interconnection
EP0412030A1 (fr) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-06 FORGES DE LA LOIRE ET DE MILOURD ETABLISSEMENTS MOULIN BLANC Société Anonyme Dispositif de protection pour manche d'outils de frappe et son procédé de montage
US5012702A (en) * 1986-08-06 1991-05-07 Thor Hammer Company Limited Split head hammers
US5029496A (en) * 1989-06-28 1991-07-09 Salvatore Catania Flexible head hammer
US5337836A (en) * 1992-12-02 1994-08-16 Williams Tunney E Ground rod installation tool
US5408902A (en) * 1994-03-10 1995-04-25 Burnett John A Composite percussive tool
US5526719A (en) * 1995-09-14 1996-06-18 Chen; Tung-Yi Hammer

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US54258A (en) * 1866-04-24 Improved furrowing-hammer
US184877A (en) * 1876-11-28 Improvement in facing-hammers for dressing millstones
US1042984A (en) * 1911-12-16 1912-10-29 Joseph Stauder Combination-tool.
US1118010A (en) * 1913-08-02 1914-11-24 John R Steel Hatchet.
US1387582A (en) * 1921-03-21 1921-08-16 Bergamini Antonio Hammer
US1582305A (en) * 1925-06-11 1926-04-27 Reichling Alois Hand hammer
US2067751A (en) * 1935-03-02 1937-01-12 Raymond E Beegle Securing means for tool handles
US2833323A (en) * 1955-05-16 1958-05-06 Strickland John William Hammer
GB846702A (en) * 1956-07-12 1960-08-31 Wright Howard Clayton Ltd Improvements relating to hand tools
US4352381A (en) * 1980-08-25 1982-10-05 Dasco Products, Inc. Tool head and handle interconnection
US5012702A (en) * 1986-08-06 1991-05-07 Thor Hammer Company Limited Split head hammers
US5029496A (en) * 1989-06-28 1991-07-09 Salvatore Catania Flexible head hammer
EP0412030A1 (fr) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-06 FORGES DE LA LOIRE ET DE MILOURD ETABLISSEMENTS MOULIN BLANC Société Anonyme Dispositif de protection pour manche d'outils de frappe et son procédé de montage
US5337836A (en) * 1992-12-02 1994-08-16 Williams Tunney E Ground rod installation tool
US5408902A (en) * 1994-03-10 1995-04-25 Burnett John A Composite percussive tool
US5526719A (en) * 1995-09-14 1996-06-18 Chen; Tung-Yi Hammer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6701805B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-03-09 Richard B. Souder Stone working tool having multiple striking edges on reversible-replaceable plates
US11718073B2 (en) 2018-08-06 2023-08-08 Lg Chem. Ltd. Asymmetry composite material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998048978A9 (fr) 1999-03-25
AU7247798A (en) 1998-11-24

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