WO1998045103A1

WO1998045103A1 - Method for the production of walls for closed profile sections and objects

Info

Publication number: WO1998045103A1
Application number: PCT/DE1998/000969
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Küppers
Original assignee: Dbs Beschichtung Und Systeme-Technik Gmbh
Priority date: 1997-04-09
Filing date: 1998-04-04
Publication date: 1998-10-15
Also published as: DE19880418D2; AU8009898A

Abstract

Casement sections, but also all other kinds of profile section (12) can be continuously produced by the following method: a hollow section mould (15') which interior reproduces the desired profile (12) is coated with a layer of gel (21); then, after hardening and spreading the gel coating (21), polyurethane foam (23) and hardener are sprayed in so as to stabilize the section (12) thus obtained, such that it satisfies the requirements. This method is very simple to carry out and can be used to produce practically all desired profile sections. The profile sections are easy to unmould as the material contracts by 0.2 %. This means that longer profile sections (12) can also be taken or pulled out of the hollow section mould (15') without difficulty. Furthermore, channels and pipes can be produced, whereby an injection mould membrane (45) defines a fissure into which the plastic mass is injected before hardening and then unmoulding.

Description

Process for the production of walls for closed profiles and objects

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing walls for closed profiles and objects made of plastic, in which the plastic is applied in layers to a mold or an existing wall and then brought to hardening. The invention also relates to a device for the production of profiles and objects made of plastic or for coating channel walls with a mixing and spraying device as well as a shape specifying the profiles or the wall of the objects and thus for carrying out the method.

Such profiles are produced, for example, in the deep-drawing process in window construction and are then used in modern window construction or in other areas, with different shapes being known. Other manufacturing methods are also known, however, care must always be taken to ensure that the material has appropriate elasticity. It is therefore difficult to produce longer pieces of such a profile in the same profile type or wall thickness, so that overall such profiles are relatively expensive and can only be produced in short lengths. In the case of corresponding objects, the plastics are sprayed on in liquid form onto an existing mold or, to be more precise, a core and, after hardening, layer by layer until the necessary load-bearing capacity is reached. Apart from the fact that it is difficult to reach the ideal point in time at which a second and third layer is applied, an approximately equally thick wall thickness cannot be achieved over the entire length and the shape of the profile or the shape with such a production method .

The invention is therefore based on the object of a method and a preliminary to create direction with which plastic profiles and objects can be inexpensively produced in any shape and with largely uniform wall thickness.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that a plastic of two components which react with one another is mixed intensively before being applied to the wall of the mold or the existing wall and then sprayed between the wall and an injection mold membrane stretched over it, which is modeled on the wall, and then sprayed if necessary, is moved against the wall and that the profile or the object, if desired, is removed from the mold and brought to the intended use.

In the case of such a method, it is first of all ensured that the same profile can always be produced, at least from the outer shape, as specified, for example, by the hollow profile shape or the object shape. With appropriate window profiles u. Ä. Practically any length, but also any profile can be produced, so that profiles are available for a wide variety of applications. This is particularly advantageous in today's buildings, because it can also be used to provide or to manufacture sufficiently stable windows, for example shop windows or office windows, which can easily accommodate the high weights of the glass panes to be held. It is particularly advantageous that elaborate processes and devices are eliminated because the respective profile is sprayed practically simply. It is only necessary to coat or fill the hollow profile form from the inside with polyurethane or polyurethane foam and hardener to such an extent that a corresponding profile also results after curing, be it a hollow profile or a completely filled profile. About the injection molded membrane can both with such a hollow profile as well as objects such as bathtubs and. Ä. An all-round uniform wall thickness can be ensured because the injection molding membrane can be used as a counter wall or as a thickness specification for the wall. As already mentioned, this applies to corresponding hollow profiles as well as to large objects such as bathtubs, because the injection molding membrane ensures that the material sprayed between them and the inner surface can distribute itself evenly. Since the plastic materials used undergo a certain shrinkage, detachment from the hollow profile or detachment from the wall of the core or form is possible, so that smooth objects or profiles are then available from the wall.

According to an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the wall is coated with a gel coat compound, preferably with the addition of compressed air, before the plastic mixture is applied. With this procedure, a very evenly thick geelcoat layer is achieved and an optimally tight fit against the inner walls of the hollow profile shape or on the core. This then generally snow-white layer is the outer layer after detaching from the hollow profile shape or the core, i. H. So the wall to be seen by the viewer, so that the overall appearance is very good due to the smoothness and the color. The addition of compressed air ensures the uniformity of the application of the geelcoat layer. It has already been pointed out earlier that, due to the natural shrinkage, detachment from the core or the shape or the hollow profile shape is favored. The shrinkage is 0.5% of the profile produced in this way. The fact that the injection molding membrane is pressed against the mass in this preparatory process variant after the application of the Geelcoat mass also results in uniform deformation and even application to the respective inner surfaces. The injection mold membrane can practically be guided behind the part, so that the geelcoat material splashes against the inner surface of the hollow profile mold, so that appropriate pressure can really be exerted on the geelcoat material at an early stage. The layer thickness achieved in this way is advantageously uniform, which is advantageous if one thinks of the overall production costs. The rubber carrier is inflated by the compressed air and lies against the geelcoat material and presses it against the inner wall. After the geel coat composition has hardened, polyurethane foam and hardener can then be easily applied to the rubber backing in order to achieve a multi-layer structure, the injection molding membrane again taking on the function of the comparator described.

It is also possible to detach the injection mold membrane from the Geelco- to favor the layer after it has hardened by providing it with a release agent layer before it is applied to the gel coat layer. It can then either be detached from the geel coat layer or simply by pulling it off, or by pressing air in between the geel coat layer and the injection molding membrane, so that it can then take on its further functions without any problems.

The method according to the invention is used both for the production of profiles, in particular hollow profiles, and for the production of corresponding objects such as tubs. In the case of the latter method variant in particular, it is advantageous if the injection molding membrane is produced from a high elastomer by applying an appropriate coating to the wall of the mold and curing. An injection mold membrane is thus created which corresponds in shape to the core, only that a certain flexibility is retained, so that this injection mold membrane can be used in a targeted manner in the subsequent production of corresponding molds. In the end, it is advantageously even possible to inject material into the gap between the injection molding membrane and the core or the hollow profile mold inner surface, which then forms the new wall when it cures, and advantageously with a uniform wall thickness throughout.

A uniform application of the geel coat layer is achieved by adding compressed air, the invention providing that the polyurethane foam is also injected or sprayed on with hardener while adding compressed air. The addition of compressed air ensures an even distribution of the foam over the wall of the profile, so that an overall very stable profile results, even if it is designed as a hollow profile as described.

It is known that the canals, in particular the sewers in the municipal area, have suffered greatly in recent decades, so that a new building seems inevitable. Here, with the help of the invention, securing and renovation can be carried out without major construction work, by pulling the injection mold membrane into a channel or a high-profile mold adapted to the desired profile, injecting polyurethane foam and hardener or spraying it onto the wall and then spraying the wall Injection mold membrane is pressurized with compressed air and inflated and pressed against the foam mass. This ultimately gives the opportunity to even carry out the work from above ground, with only a corresponding tubular injection molding membrane having to be introduced beforehand, which is sealed at the ends in such a way that the tubular injection molding membrane is then inflated with the simultaneous introduction of the polyurethane foam and hardener, in order to achieve a correspondingly uniform coating of the duct wall. The polyurethane foam and hardener lie on the inside of the duct wall and thus also seal larger cracks and gaps without the risk that high pressure can cause discomfort and possibly further damage to the duct wall.

Both when producing objects or profiles or when renovating sewers, it can be advantageous to add compressed air at intervals and thus produce a layer-by-layer reinforcement of the polyurethane foam coating. It is also conceivable that the compressed air is only added at intervals in order to correspondingly even out sections of the polyurethane foam coating that has already been applied. The compressed air is usually added to the injection molding membrane, which then lies on the plastic to be hardened and forms it evenly.

Depending on the type of profile desired, it is advantageous if filler material is added to the polyurethane foam and hardener because different types of walls and thus different properties of the profile created later can be achieved. It is conceivable, for example, that a specific conductivity of such a profile is specified. It is also conceivable that, on the contrary, it is not made conductive, depending on the intended use and application.

Window profiles, in particular made of aluminum, are known. The wall thickness of the aluminum must be selected so that the necessary stability values are achieved. This is superfluous according to the invention when a hollow profile shape made of aluminum or steel is used, which is covered with polyurethane foam and hardener Compressed air is filled. The wall of the hollow profile shape, which later also represents the outer wall of the profile, can be made thinner in a targeted manner, since the necessary stability values are provided by the polyurethane introduced. The aluminum practically only forms the outer skin. Again, it is possible to produce solid profiles or hollow profiles, depending on the purpose for which the necessary profile is intended. The insulation values with regard to temperature are also advantageous.

Depending on the material selected, both with regard to the hollow profile or the shape or the core, it may be advantageous if a film is assigned to the wall before the polyurethane foam and the holder are applied. The film is not connected to the wall and, as a rule, it is not attached at certain points because after the hardening process, this film adheres to the profile or the object. In particular, if it is an object such as a tub body, this film is located on the outside of the object, so that the film can then remain connected to the object. However, it is also conceivable that it combines with the polyurethane foam and hardener in such a way that it is integrated into the object or even dissolves accordingly. However, it is also conceivable that the film influences the surface of the object or the respective profile in the way that is desired for the particular application.

The device for manufacturing advantageously no longer requires a deep-drawing or stretching device, but according to the invention the shape with its inner surfaces or its coating walls is shaped in accordance with the desired profile, an adapted injection mold membrane covering the inner surfaces is provided and the mixing and spraying device between the profile and Injection molding membrane is injecting and / or formed in between. This is intended to express that a corresponding device can be used unchanged or after corresponding conversion work both for the production of hollow profiles and for the renovation of corresponding channels as well as for the production of objects. What is special about the device is that, as such, it directly applies the appropriate material to the inner surfaces of the mold or to the applies speaking surface of the form or core or is pulled through the channel to seal the channel walls accordingly with securing plastic. The injection mold membrane ensures that the desired uniform wall thickness of the wall or the mold walls is achieved and at the same time a smooth surface is generated which, as such, can also serve as the outer wall or visible wall of a corresponding object. The respective injection material is injected by the mixing and spraying device between the profile or inner surfaces and the injection molding membrane in such a way that it is evenly distributed and fills the specified gap in such a way that the same wall thickness results all around and over the entire length.

In the case of complicated profiles or even longer profile pieces, it is advantageous if the shape is designed as a hollow profile shape and can be expanded in the longitudinal direction and is sealed on the longitudinal edges. The hollow profile shape can thus be opened, whereby the seals assigned to the longitudinal edges ensure that the hollow profile shape is effectively sealed overall when the geelcoat layer and also the polyurethane hardener mixture are introduced. Then, as already mentioned earlier, compressed air can also be applied at the same time, this addition of compressed air being possible in the region of the spray head, in order to bring the material, the injection mold membrane and ultimately the compressed air into the hollow profile mold in this way with one and the same device. A telescopic carrier is correspondingly assigned to the spray head, so that the spray head can be precisely inserted into the hollow profile shape and actuated there. If necessary, it is also possible to provide individual sections of the hollow profile shape with a transparent wall in order to be able to visually check from the outside whether the formation of the "inner profile" takes place in the correct form and manner.

Where, due to the complicated shape of the hollow profile shape, removal of the profile or profiles is difficult, it can be advantageous if the inner surfaces of the hollow profile shape have a coating that repels the geelcoat composition. The coating can mean a smooth-walled wall if the inner surfaces of the hollow profile shape have a coating that repels the geelcoat composition. The coating can mean a smooth-walled wall, but it is also conceivable to choose, for example, Teflon or the like as a coating for the inner surfaces of the hollow profile shape. As mentioned, it only has to be a material that ensures that the profile made of geelcoat material and internal polyurethane foam can then be easily removed from the hollow profile shape.

The inner surfaces of the hollow profile mold can be coated quickly and evenly if the mixing and spraying device has a spray head which is equipped with a plurality of outlet nozzles distributed over the circumference. With a suitable distribution on the spray head, the special arrangement of the outlet nozzles alone ensures a uniform coating with the injection molding membrane used, so that even subsequent work may be omitted. In any case, it is important that the spray head is brought into the hollow profile shape, or at least as far as possible, without changing its distance from one of the inner walls in any way. This then ensures that the same layer thickness is always applied in connection with the injection molded membrane, so that there is a corresponding "closure" all round.

If it is intended to work with fewer nozzles, for example in order to be able to apply thinner coatings, it is advantageous if the spray head is designed to be rotatable about an axis running parallel to the inner surfaces. The speed of rotation can of course be changed again in order to influence the layer thickness in this way. The speed of rotation should be changed or adjusted in correspondence with the insertion speed in order in this way to always provide the same conditions over the entire length of the hollow profile shape, in particular if for some reason the injection mold membrane is to be dispensed with or has to be dispensed with.

It has already been pointed out above that not only hollow profiles or window profiles can be produced with the device, but also corresponding objects, in particular if there is a shape or a core for this. that is. Accordingly, the invention provides that the shape is adapted to an object to be produced, preferably a bath tub or shower tray, and is equipped on the edge side with a counter seal that is designed to correspond to the all-round seal of a compressed air box, the compressed air box on the side facing the mold is equipped with the injection mold membrane and a compressed air connection. In the case of a device of this type, as described above, plastic material is injected into the gap between the injection mold membrane and the surface or outer surface of the mold or the core, so that the gap is completely filled. The gap is precisely determined by the fact that the injection mold membrane is assigned to a compressed air box, which is placed over the mold or the core from above and then sealed all around, so that after or with the introduction of the plastic into the gap, compressed air is applied to the injection mold membrane is given so that it fits evenly against the injected mass as intended and forms it in such a way that a more uniform layer thickness is achieved across the entire surface. Due to the type and amount of compressed air supplied via the compressed air box, the setting process can be used to carry out the final leveling or shaping work. Since the seal and the counter seal are continuously formed all around, care must be taken to ensure that a corresponding cavity is created inside, into which the plastic compound can be injected or injected.

The injection molding membrane can be pressed particularly evenly onto the gel coat layer or the mixture of polyurethane and hardener if, as provided according to the invention, the injection molding membrane is of limited flexibility. This also ensures that approximately the same pressure can be exerted over the entire extent of the injection mold membrane in order to ensure a uniform layer thickness overall.

The injection molding membrane, which consists of a corresponding material, preferably an elastomer, can advantageously be produced for each individual application by producing it by prior spraying onto the mold or core and curing and then assigning it to the compressed air box. It is in the compressed air Most clamped and can then be used according to the details outlined above, whereby it advantageously already has a shape corresponding to the final product, so that it does not have to travel long distances when pressed by the compressed air, but rather with small amounts of air into one Moved position, which ensures the exact "manufacture" of the walls of the individual profiles or objects.

When producing hollow profiles or renovating ducts, it is advantageous to provide a locking part that is adapted to the shape of the hollow profile or the duct, that can be clamped against the inner surface and connected airtight in the middle with a tubular injection-molded membrane and with inlet and outlet valves for the compressed air is equipped. This locking part is clamped in the end area of the hollow profile or sewer renovation so that when the plastic is injected and the simultaneous or subsequent introduction of the compressed air into the tubular injection molding membrane, the shape is so precise that wall thicknesses can be produced specifically and practically in the millimeter range, result in the advantageous profiles, but at the same time also ensure when sewer renovation that wall thicknesses are achieved which exactly meet the requirements and which are also exactly adhered to, because this can be done by pressing the tubular injection mold membrane accordingly. The locking part secures the respective area, whereby it is expediently designed such that it braces once in the area of the hollow profile or the channel wall, specifically in the new area, and once in the area where a profile has not yet been produced or where renovation is still required has not taken place. The locking part can adapt advantageously to the circumstances. The inlet and outlet valve is provided in the middle, the outlet valve initially remaining blocked until the corresponding pressure has built up within the tubular injection-molded membrane. The outlet valve then ensures that no overpressure can be reached or that the air can be brought out of the tubular injection mold membrane once curing has ended.

In the case of tubular ducts and tubular hollow profile shapes in particular, it is advantageous if the locking part is designed in the form of a ring and on the outside with a inflatable elastomer profile is provided. The blocking part can be effectively clamped in via the inflatable elastomer profiles, at the same time in such a way that the tubular injection molded membrane is also fixed approximately in the center, so that compressed air is then blown into this area in a targeted manner via the inlet and outlet valve. The elastomer parts or elastomer profiles are pressurized with compressed air regardless of the injection molding membrane, since they must first bring about an effective seal early, in order to ensure that the polyurethane foam and hardener as well as the geel coat layer are applied.

A detachment of the individual profiles from the high profile shape is particularly easily possible if a tubular film running all around is arranged between the inner surface of the hollow profile shape and the elastomer profile. At the same time, this film also ensures that the elastomer profile remains uninfluenced by the injected polyurethane foam and hardener, so that these parts can also be used several times with the necessary security. At the same time, however, there is a detachment from the inner surface of the hollow profile shape, which makes handling much easier.

According to the special design of this locking part, it is provided that a clamping ring for the tubular injection molding membrane and the inlet and outlet valve is formed in the center of the locking part, while injector inputs are provided in the rims. The clamping ring is pressed against the locking part because it is also equipped with elastomer profiles, with the tubular injection mold membrane being clamped in between, so that it is held securely when compressed air is subsequently pressed in via the inlet and outlet valve. The rims have several injector inlets, so that if necessary, a suitable plastic mixture can be injected simultaneously from several spray guns.

In the case of sewer rehabilitation in particular, it is advantageous if the blocking part is arranged and designed to be displaceable together with the tubular injection-molding membrane in the longitudinal direction of the hollow-profile mold or the sewer. This special training enables a quasi-continuous work process because already shortly after completion of a section in the sewer renovation, the corresponding parts are moved further and braced again at the next position so that a new section of the sewer can be renovated, so that the wall of the sewer is completely secured and ensures a correspondingly long new service life, that the medium carried in the channel cannot escape into the environment.

The invention is characterized in particular in that a window profile or another hollow profile or solid profile can be produced without the need for expensive equipment. It is also advantageous that any shapes and lengths can be produced, simply because a shape is given, into which geelcoat material and polyurethane and hardener are injected in order to create the desired profile from the inner wall of the hollow profile shape. Depending on the application and the material, a multi-layer structure can be selected or implemented, or just a two-layer structure, depending on the intended use of the profile. In addition, there is the possibility of objects such as bathtubs, shower cups and the like through the injection molded membrane. Ä. To produce and in a single operation, because namely about the same approximately all around wall thickness can be realized for the respective product on the injection molding membrane. This means that there is no longer any need to apply more material all round so that even the most unfavorable location can be sure that there is sufficient wall thickness. A whole lot of material can be saved. It is also advantageous that the weight of such a profile can be significantly reduced by the fact that the core or the essential part of a corresponding hollow profile consists of polyurethane foam. Because of the overall shape or because of the method, there is also the possibility of not only producing a rod-shaped profile, but also any other shape, in particular also a window frame or also arch-shaped profiles, in which case one expediently integrates one into one Profile must be injected in order to achieve correspondingly large lengths. Sewer renovation can also be achieved with the method according to the invention and the corresponding device, in particular when simple-construction blocking parts are used at the end, which once against the Support the wall of the channel or other pipe and at the same time fix the tubular injection mold membrane so that compressed air is then blown in via the inlet and outlet valves in order to press the more or less flexible injection mold membrane against the hardening plastic material and thereby to even it out. that, as already mentioned several times, the wall thickness is even or nearly uniform.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the following description of the associated drawing, in which a preferred exemplary embodiment is shown with the necessary details and individual parts. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a window, partly in section and in perspective

Reproduction,

2 shows a longitudinal section through a window,

3 is a perspective representation of a hollow profile shape with a corresponding opening,

4 shows a simplified hollow profile shape with a profile that has already been produced,

5 is a simplified representation of a spray head with accessories,

Fig. 6 shows a section through an apparatus for producing

Bathtubs and Items and

Fig. 7 is a sewer to be renovated or a pipe in cross section.

Fig. 1 shows a window 1 in perspective, which is inserted into a corresponding window opening 2 of a building. The actual window 1 is seated in an all-round frame 3, it being apparent from the illustration in FIG. 1 that the upper frame 3 can have a somewhat different shape than, for example, the lower frame 13.

The individual parts of the actual window can also be different Form or better said have a different cross section. Thus, the upper leg 5 of the window 1 is approximately square, while the lower leg 4 has a special shape because an integrally formed water leg is present. This enables the old windows to be reproduced, which also have certain advantages over modern windows.

In order to illustrate these possible variations with respect to the entire window, one of the window halves 34 is shown without and the other window half 35 with a rung 6. As is not difficult to recognize, the rung 6 is part of the corresponding vertical leg 36.

The window sill 7 is designed as a hollow profile 37 in order to make it clear that full profiles do not necessarily have to be realized, as in 3, 5, 6 and 4.

On the other hand, H. So on the outside of the window 1, a ledge 8, here made of stone, is shown. It is also conceivable to also use a profile here, which consists of geelcoat material and polyurethane foam.

The roller shutter 9 can be seen in the upper part of the window 1, a roller shutter consisting of several members being used here. If necessary, the individual links can be produced using the described method and, for example, be hollow profiles in order to reduce the weight as much as possible.

On the inside, the window 1 is completed by cover strips 10 in order to cover existing gaps or cracks in this way. Cover strips of this type can also be used in the other area, for example made of wood or a corresponding full profile. The disk is designated by 11 and all parts or profiles produced here from plastic and according to the described method are additionally provided with the reference numeral 12 in order to clarify that the profiles 12 are produced separately.

In particular the frame 3, 13 and also the individual legs 4, 5, 36 of the window 1 consist of an outer layer of gel coat material 21, wherein they are completely filled with polyurethane foam 23, 23 ', 23 ", 23'", 23 "". However, it is also conceivable that the polyurethane foam 23 is introduced in such a way that a hollow profile is again obtained overall.

2 shows an embodiment in which metal profiles 14 made of aluminum or a similar light metal are used. Here, the correspondingly thin-walled metal profile 14 serves as a shape for the polyurethane foam 23 to be introduced. It is also indicated that the pane 11 used here is a double glass pane 31, 32, as is largely used today.

3 shows a hollow profile shape 15 'of a somewhat more complicated structure. The inner surfaces 16 of this hollow profile shape 15 'are, for example, smoothed or provided with a varnish or the like in such a way that the gel coat composition 21 which is subsequently applied thereon can be easily removed therefrom. However, it has already been pointed out above that, due to the normal shrinkage of 0.2%, it is generally possible to form even more complicated hollow profile shapes 15 '. This is also because the coating takes place in the longitudinal direction 17 of the hollow profile shape 15 'in order to ensure the necessary uniform coating here.

FIG. 3 also shows a special embodiment in that long joints are provided on several longitudinal edges 20, 20 'in order to enable the hollow profile shape 15' to be opened. This results in partial profiles 18, 19, but these are effectively sealed at these longitudinal edges 20, 20 ', for example by interposed seals 24, so that the correspondingly uniform coating of the inner surface 16 of the hollow profile shape 15' with the gel coat compound 21 and also with the polyurethane foam 23 is ensured is.

FIG. 4 shows a simplified representation of a hollow profile shape 15 ′, in which a coating 22 is applied to the inner surface 16, which coating is used to detach the gel coat compound 21 or thus the outer layer of the correspondingly produced profile 12 facilitated. It is indicated that the entire cavity beyond the geelcoat material 21 is filled with polyurethane foam 23.

FIG. 5 finally shows a spray head 25 in a simplified representation, as it can be inserted into the hollow profile shape 15 ′ shown in FIG. 3 or also FIG. 4. This spray head 25 is attached to a telescopic arm 26 and can also be rotated in order to simplify an all-round coating. In any case, a plurality of outlet nozzles 27 or croup of outlet nozzles 27, 28 are provided at the tip of the spray head.

The spray head 25 is connected to polyurethane containers 29 via the telescopic arm 26, so that a uniform loading of the spray head 25 can be ensured via the pumps 30. In the polyurethane drums or the polyurethane containers 29, 29 'there is housed one polyurethane and one hardener and thirdly also filler material, so that a uniform input via the spray head 25 is possible and thus a thin-walled generation of corresponding profiles is possible . The aim is to produce a layer of geelcoat material 21 that is as thin-walled as possible in order to then stabilize the base profile thus produced by the polyurethane foam 23 to such an extent that a corresponding shape and in particular a corresponding stability is provided.

In the manufacture of objects 40 such as bathtubs, a mold 15 or a core 39 is used. Polyurethane foam and hardener are applied to this core with the aid of a mixing and spraying device 41, not shown here, it being possible to build up a geelcoat layer as the first layer. The exact adherence to a certain layer thickness is made possible by the fact that the injection molding membrane 45 corresponds approximately to the contours which are predetermined by the coating walls 42, 43 and which represent, so to speak, the negative image of the object 40.

This special injection molded membrane 45 is attached to a compressed air box 48. arranged or clamped in this, so that after the counter-seal 47 has been placed on the seal 49 and when compressed air has been applied, for example via the fans 46, the injection mold membrane is moved against the coating walls 42, 43, in such a way that the corresponding wall of the can produce object 40 to be produced. This also complies with the fact that the wall of the injection mold membrane 45 or the entire injection mold membrane is of limited flexibility.

A corresponding injection mold membrane can also be produced in advance in a targeted manner by applying a certain elastomer to the core 39, so that a further negative shape results. This negative form is then clamped in the compressed air box 48 in order to be able to use it according to FIG. 6 in such a way that the side 50 facing the object 40 or the core 39 nestles against the core 39 or largely conforms to it.

FIG. 7 shows a special embodiment in that the rehabilitation of a duct 51 or a pipe is illustrated here. The beginning of the channel 51 is closed by a blocking part 52 which has an inlet and outlet valve 53 and also injector inlets 59, 60 with respect to the interior of the channel 51.

The locking part 52 is provided on the outside and thus above all in a ring shape with an elastomer profile 54 which can be pressed against the inner surface 16 of the channel 51 or pipe, into which air is injected. The parts necessary for this are not shown in FIG. 7. Simultaneously with the bracing against the inner surface 16, a film 55 is also clamped, which later fits tightly against the inner surface 16 of the channel 51 or is pressed against the latter and then enables the corresponding profile to be detached if a corresponding round profile or Profile 12 is desired. However, if the sewer is being renovated, a corresponding film 55 can generally be dispensed with.

Part of the locking part 52 is a clamping ring 56, which has the inlet and outlet valve 53 in the center and which, via a second elastomer profile 61, gives the possibility of Injection mold membrane 45 to be clamped in, by also correspondingly inflating the elastomer profiles 61 or applying compressed air.

The injector inputs 59, 60 are formed in the rims 57, 58, which can also be the same all-round rim, depending on the intended use and application.

During sewer renovation, the mixture of polyurethane foam and hardener is practically adhered to the sewer wall 62 by injecting appropriate material through the injector inlets 59, 60. The inlet and outlet valve 53 is then connected to the compressed air generator at the same time or with a slight time delay, so that the injection molding membrane 45 swells and bears against the channel wall 62. This application to the channel wall 62 takes place in such a way that sufficient polyurethane foam and thickness can still be pressed in, so that there is a very uniform wall thickness, which is also advantageous when renovating channels, in particular because then there is no or only slight resistance to the water flowing through is opposed. This is also the advantage of such a sewer rehabilitation, which cannot be achieved with all other methods because a smooth inner wall cannot be achieved with it.

Similar to the compressed air box 48, where the compressed air connection 63 is provided at a suitable point, the inlet and outlet valve 53 is, as already mentioned, arranged in the center of the blocking part 52 and in such a way that the compressed air ensures that the injection mold membrane 45 is uniform when it flows in bears against the channel wall 62.

All of the features mentioned, including those that can be seen in the drawings alone, are regarded as essential to the invention, alone and in combination.

Claims

claims

1. A method for producing walls for closed profiles and objects made of plastic, in which the plastic is applied in layers to a mold or an existing wall in layers and then brought to hardening, characterized in that a plastic consists of two components that react with one another the application to the wall of the mold or the existing wall is mixed intensively and then sprayed between the wall and an injection molding membrane stretched over it, which is modeled on the wall, and this is then possibly moved against the wall and that the profile or the object, if desired, of the shape is released and brought to the intended use.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall is coated with a geelcoat composition, preferably with the addition of compressed air, before the application of the plastic mixture.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that after the application of the still formable geelcoat composition, the injection molding membrane is applied and pressurized with compressed air, polyurethane foam and hardener being introduced between the geelcoat layer and the injection molding membrane after curing and the latter being pressurized with compressed air.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection molding membrane is provided with a release agent layer before application to the geel coat layer.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection molding membrane is made of a high elastomer by applying a corresponding coating on the wall of the mold and curing.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection or spraying of the polyurethane foam with hardener is carried out with the addition of compressed air.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection molding membrane drawn into a channel or a high profile shape adapted to the desired profile, injected polyurethane foam and hardener or sprayed onto the wall and then pressurized and inflated the injection molding membrane with compressed air and pressed against the foam mass becomes.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressed air is added at intervals and thus a layer-by-layer reinforcement of the polyurethane foam coating is generated.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane foam and hardener filler material is mixed.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hollow profile shape made of aluminum or steel is used, which is filled with polyurethane foam and hardener with the addition of compressed air.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a film of the wall is assigned before the application of the polyurethane foam and the hardener.

12. Device for the production of profiles (12) and objects (40) made of plastic or for coating channel walls with a mixing and spraying device (41) as well as a shape (15) defining the profiles (12) or the wall of the objects (40) ) and thus to carry out the method according to claim 1 to claim 11, characterized in that the mold (15) with its inner surfaces (16) or its coating walls (42, 43) are shaped in accordance with the desired profile (12) that an adapted and the injection mold membrane (45) covering the inner surfaces (16) is provided and that the mixing and spraying device (41) between the profile (12) and injection mold membrane (45) is designed to inject and / or extend in between.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the shape (15) as a hollow profile shape (15 ') and in the longitudinal direction (17) is designed to be folded apart and sealed on the longitudinal edges (20).

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner surfaces (16) of the hollow profile shape (15 ') have a coating (22) which repels the gel coat composition (21).

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixing and spraying device (41) has a spray head (25) which is equipped with a plurality of outlet nozzles (27, 28) distributed over the circumference.

16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spray head (25) is designed to be rotatable about an axis running parallel to the inner surfaces (16).

17. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape (15) is adapted to an object to be produced (40), preferably a bathtub or shower tray, and is equipped on the edge side with a counter-seal (47) which has the all-round seal (49) of a compressed air box (48) is designed correspondingly, the compressed air box (48) being equipped on the side (50) facing the mold (15) with the injection mold membrane (45) and a compressed air connection (63).

18. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection molded membrane (45) is of limited flexibility.

19. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection mold membrane (45) is produced by prior spraying onto the mold (15) and curing and is then assigned to the compressed air box (48).

20. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking part (52) adapted to the hollow profile shape (15 ') or the channel (51) is provided, which can be braced against the inner surface (16) and is centered with a tubular injection mold membrane ( 45) is airtight and equipped with inlet and outlet valves (53) for the compressed air.

21. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking part (52) is annular and is provided on the outside with an inflatable elastomer profile (54).

22. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the inner surface (16) of the hollow profile shape (15 ') and the elastomer profile (54) a tubular film (55) is arranged all around.

23. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clamping ring (56) for the tubular injection molding membrane (45) and the inlet and outlet valve (53) is formed in the center of the locking part (52), while in the rims (57, 58) injector inputs (59, 60) are provided.

24. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking part (52) together with the tubular injection molding membrane (45) in the longitudinal direction (17) of the hollow profile shape (15 ') or the channel (51) is arranged and formed displaceably.