WO1998021408A1 - Appareil a systeme d'ecoulement a double alimentation pour coucheuse de bande de papier - Google Patents

Appareil a systeme d'ecoulement a double alimentation pour coucheuse de bande de papier Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998021408A1
WO1998021408A1 PCT/US1997/020459 US9720459W WO9821408A1 WO 1998021408 A1 WO1998021408 A1 WO 1998021408A1 US 9720459 W US9720459 W US 9720459W WO 9821408 A1 WO9821408 A1 WO 9821408A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dual
flow
chambers
coating
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/020459
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alfred C. Li
Andrew W. Osburn
Rex A. Becker
Xuekui Lan
Original Assignee
Beloit Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beloit Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Beloit Technologies, Inc.
Priority to AU52511/98A priority Critical patent/AU5251198A/en
Publication of WO1998021408A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998021408A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a coater apparatus for applying an aqueous slurry of coating material to a traveling paper web. More particularly, this invention relates to a flow system apparatus for introducing an aqueous slurry of coating material to a coater head in a paper web coating apparatus. Still more specifically, this invention relates to a dual feed, counterfiow system for combining two, counterflowing streams of aqueous slurries of coating material, which are fed to, and combined in, a mixing chamber to be uniformly conducted to the coater head in a paper coating apparatus.
  • inlet flow system arrangements have utilized a plurality of inlets aligned along the longitudinal length of the flow system apparatus such, that, when the apparatus is installed with its longitudinal length extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of web travel, the inlets are disposed along the width of the traveling paper web to be coated.
  • This apparatus operates quite well, but it has disadvantages. So-called dead-zones are formed near the outer ends of the header of the flow system apparatus, since none of the inlets is located at either end of the header, and midway between inlets, where flows from adjacent inlet ports meet and are required to mix. In order to alleviate such problems, a higher flow rate of the aqueous slurry of coating material is often maintained then is necessary.
  • Another known type of flow system apparatus relates to the use of a tapered inlet header having a single inlet and a single outlet which is arranged such that the flow of the aqueous slurry of coating material enters the larger inlet and exits the relatively small outlet with the coating material being removed through openings in the header extending longitudinally from the inlet to the exit ends. Since the header is tapered from the larger inlet end to the smaller exit end, this is theoretically designed to result in uniform streams of the aqueous slurry of coating material exiting through the plurality of openings. Theoretically, the tapered design of this type of header results in uniform pressure and velocity distributions along its length, but this does not always result due to small deviations in the manufacture of the header and or paper edge effect conditions. Further, each header must be engineered for a specific longitudinal length corresponding to a specific width of a traveling paper web to be coated.
  • each of the above-described prior flow systems therefore has one or more undesirable characteristics, which include requiring higher pumping rates for pumping the coating material into the flow system apparatus, or larger pumps.
  • the result is less uniform application of coating material across the width of the traveling paper web, or the systems are not flexible in changing the rate of application of the aqueous slurry of coating material, or the pressure or velocity of the coating material applied to the paper web substrate is inadequate, or the apparatus runs dirty (i.e., the operation creates build-up of dry coating in dead zones).
  • Such inlet flow can be made as close to uniform as practically possible by utilizing a single pump to supply the hydraulic force in the aqueous slurry as well as supplying piping identical in length, diameter, configuration, surface smoothness and material between the pump and the inlet for each of the dual header chambers.
  • the dual header chambers are constructed with a common interior wall which can be constructed to be either substantially rigid, or substantially flexible to further mitigate or equalize any variations in hydraulic pressure within the two, adjacent header chambers.
  • the openings in both header chambers are fluidly connected to a mixing chamber where the flow of the aqueous slurry of coating material from each of the header chambers is combined and mixed for the entire effective length of the flow system apparatus preparatory to introducing this combined flow into the coater head to be applied to the traveling paper web.
  • a plurality of pressure equalization openings are located in a common wall extending between the dual header chambers near each end of the common wall so as to further promote the equalization of the relatively high pressure in the aqueous slurry near each inlet end with the relatively lower hydraulic pressure of the aqueous, slurry of coating material near each exit end of the dual header chambers.
  • header chambers are tapered in one dimension; some header chambers are tapered in two dimensions; some header chambers have constant cross-sectional dimensions for their entire effective length.
  • the aqueous slurry flowing out of the openings extending along the length of each header chamber is substantially perpendicular to the flow longitudinally along the header.
  • the combined flow from the two header chamber is introduced into a mixing chamber to form a combined flow into the coater head.
  • an object, feature and advantage of this invention is to provide an improved paper web coating apparatus.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide coating apparatus appropriate for various coating applications having extreme rheological properties from a low viscosity level to a high viscosity level.
  • An advantage and feature of the invention is that the apparatus requires no excessive pressure drop within the feed system to operate efficiently.
  • Another advantage and feature of the invention is that it has an open design which facilitates routine clean-up and maintenance.
  • Fig. 1 is a somewhat schematic side elevational view of a prior art coater header having opposed inlets at either end of the header.
  • Fig. 2 is a somewhat schematic side elevational view of a prior art header having four lateral inlets fed by two pumps with the inlets spaced longitudinally along the length of the header.
  • Fig. 3 is a somewhat schematic perspective view of a prior art header having a tapered construction with a single inlet on one end and a single outlet at the other end.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view, shown somewhat schematically of a preferred embodiment of this invention in which dual header chambers are arranged co-extensively, each header having an inlet at its larger end and an outlet at its smaller end.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the invention where dual, opposed array headers are arranged about a wedge- shaped plug to form dual channels directing the separate streams of stock into a mixing chamber.
  • Fig. 5A is an end view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 5, and additionally showing the structure for forming the channels and mixing chamber.
  • Fig. 6 is another preferred embodiment of the invention showing dual chambers, each chamber being rectangular in shape and not tapering end- to-end.
  • Fig. 7 is a somewhat schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the invention showing the dual chambers in circular cross- section, and also showing the channels leading from the respective chambers into a mixing chamber.
  • Fig. 8 is a somewhat schematic end view of a preferred embodiment of a mixing chamber for this invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic, end view, in cross-section of the flow system apparatus of this invention as it is positioned relative to the backing roll in a coater apparatus.
  • coating will be used generically to denote longer, more awkward terminology, such as, for example, “aqueous slurry of coating material” and “aqueous slurry” and “coating material” in order to simplify the description of the invention and the recitation in the claims.
  • Fig. 1 the flow of coating has attempted to be equalized by introducing the coating through inlets 8a, 8a' at both, opposed ends of the header in the belief that the flow of the coating exiting the header 1 1 a designated by the arrows 1 0a will be equal along the length of the header 1 1 a, which is mounted to extend at right angles to the direction of paper web travel, as designated by the arrow 1 2a.
  • Fig. 2 four inlets 8b, 8b', 8b", 8b'", two of which are fed by separate pumps 1 6b, 1 6b' are shown for directing the flow of coating into the back of the header 1 1 b substantially in the direction of paper travel 1 2b.
  • a single inlet 8c is shown for directing coating into a tapered header 1 1 c which extends transversely of the direction of paper travel 1 2c.
  • a outlet 1 4c is utilized to operate in conjunction with the taper of the header so as to provide uniformity along the length of the header for the coating flow 1 0c to emerge uniformly along the length of the header.
  • each of these prior art configurations has one or more deficiencies in providing uniformity to the coating flow along the length of the header.
  • two parallel, opposed flow, dual chambers 1 8d, 1 8d' having rectangular cross-sections are juxtaposed such that the inlet 20d, 20d' of each chamber 1 8d is adjacent to the outlet 22d, 22d' of the other chamber 1 8d'. Since the width 24d, 24d' of each chamber is constant for its entire length 26d, 26d', and since the height 28d, 28d' of each chamber tapers from a larger inlet end 20d, 20d' to a smaller outlet end 22d,. 22d', each chamber is said to be tapered in one dimension.
  • the two chambers are preferably formed with a common wall 30d.
  • Each chamber has a plurality of flow openings 31 d, 31 d' extending longitudinally for its effective length.
  • these flow openings direct the flow of coating, as designated by the arrows 10d, 10d' into a mixing chamber 32g, 32h (shown in Figs. 7 and 8), from which it is applied to a traveling paper web W by the flow system apparatus, generally designated by the numeral 34 in Fig. 9, as the traveling paper web is supported on the surface of a rotating backing roll 36 in a papermaking machine, or an off-machine coating apparatus.
  • the two dual chambers, flow openings, mixing chamber, and related fluid connecting equipment generally comprise the header 1 1 d for the flow system.
  • the two juxtaposed chambers 1 8e, 1 8e' are each tapered two dimensionally, that is they are tapered to be more narrow in both the height 28e, 28e' and width 24e, 24e' dimensions as they extend from their inlet 20e, 20e' (designated by arrows for clarity) to their outlet 22e, 22e' (designated by arrows for clarity).
  • the inlet of one chamber is adjacent to the outlet of the juxtaposed chamber.
  • an inverted, wedge-shaped flow guide 38e is disposed on an outlet side of each of the chambers and is aligned between the chambers to co-extend therewith.
  • Structure 40e, 40e' in the header forms a wall 41 e, 41 e' which is disposed adjacent the corresponding converging walls 42e, 42e' forming the inverted wedge-shaped flow guide so as to form a pair of co-extending channels 44e, 44e' which are in fluid communication at one end with each of the dual chambers and with the mixing chamber 32e at their other end.
  • the mixing chamber is, in turn, in fluid communication with the outlet of the header (not shown) which leads to the application of the coating to the paper web as shown by the arrow 1 2 in Fig. 9.
  • the coating is separately fed into the inlets 20e, 20e' where they flow along the two- dimensional converging lengths thereof as the coating material is directed into the channels 44e, 44e' on either side of the inverted wedge-shaped flow guide to eventually flow into the mixing chamber 32e which is in fluid communication with the other, upstream, end of the channels 44e, 44e'.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a preferred embodiment wherein each of the chambers 1 8f , 1 8f ' is rectangular in cross-section and does not taper at all from their inlet ends 20f, 20f to their outlet ends 22f, 22f .
  • the flows 1 0f, 1 0f of coating are in fluid communication with a mixing chamber (not shown), such as shown, for example, in either Figs. 5A or 7, where they are mixed to provide even greater uniformity before being directed onto the paper web in the coating process.
  • recirculate coating designated by arrows 50f, 50f, flowing out of the outlets 22f, 22f into either the adjacent inlets 20f, 20f of the other chamber, or even for recirculation back into the supply of coating to be redirected into the apparatus by the pumps (not shown).
  • the juxtaposed chambers have circular cross-sectional shapes, where, like all of the other embodiments, the inlet 20g of one chamber is adjacent to the outlet 22g' of the other chamber. Also, Fig. 7 shows more clearly the channels 44g, 44g' leading from each chamber into a mixing chamber 32g for mixing the flow of coating before it is brought into coating engagement with the paper web. Also, while the cross-sectional shape remains constant from one end to the other in the embodiment shown, it is contemplated that these chambers could taper to be smaller from the inlet end to the outlet end. In such a case, the taper would be three-dimensional.
  • Fig. 8 shows a cross-section of a coating chamber having a plug 45 in a circular (in cross-section) shape so as to promote mixing of the coating streams from each of the chambers by increasing their speed as they pass through the narrow channels 46h, 46h' between the plug and the walls of the mixing chamber.
  • the coating flow system apparatus denoted generally by the arrow 34, receives the flow of coating, denoting by the arrow 1 2, from the mixing chamber where the coating is applied by the apparatus to the paper web W which is supported by the backing roll 36 rotating in the direction of arrow 39 in a coating apparatus.
  • a plurality of pressure equalization openings 48d are located in the common wall 30d between the juxtaposed chambers near the ends of the chambers.
  • These pressure equalization, or control, openings are for the purpose of equalizing any pressure differential between the coating entering the inlet of one chamber and the coating leaving the adjacent outlet of the other chamber. They can comprise circular holes, slots, or other shapes. While it is not anticipated that such openings are necessarily required, they are contemplated to optionally be included for this purpose.
  • recirculation of coating from the outlet of each of the dual chambers is beneficial to the economical and functional operation of the flow system.
  • recirculating coating back into the inlet of the same chamber would have a similar effect.
  • the coating exiting from one or both of the dual chambers could be recirculated back into the coating preparation system so as to operate to maintain the greatest possible uniformity in the coating composition and rheology.
  • recirculation from the outlet 22d in Fig. 4 into inlet 22d is indicated generally by arrows 50d, 50d'.
  • the common wall 30d between the chambers can be constructed to be either relatively rigid or flexible.
  • the relatively rigid wall might contain the pressure equalization openings 48d, while a flexible wall would deform responsive to any pressure fluctuations between the adjacent chambers so as to not necessarily require such pressure equalization openings.
  • fluid communication 44e, 44e' and 44g, 44g' are shown as channels, other forms of fluid communication between the dual chambers and the mixing chamber, such as a plurality of aligned pipes, could be used.

Landscapes

  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil à système d'écoulement, présentant deux chambres conçues pour orienter les écoulements à contre-courant d'un couchage à l'intérieur de ces chambres, depuis des extrémités d'entrée jusqu'à des extrémités de sortie situées dans chacune d'entre elles. Chaque chambre présente une multiplicité d'orifices d'écoulement qui s'étendent longitudinalement pour permettre au couchage de s'écouler à l'intérieur d'une chambre et de sortir de cette chambre dans une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'écoulement longitudinal dans ladite chambre. Les orifices d'écoulement des deux chambres sont reliés à une chambre de mélange, dans laquelle les écoulements sont orientés vers une tête de coucheuse pour être appliqués de façon sensiblement uniforme sur une bande de papier en mouvement, le long d'un orifice s'étendant au-dessus de ladite bande de façon sensiblement perpendiculaire au sens de déplacement de la bande. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'écoulement de la suspension aqueuse à proximité des bords de la bande de papier en mouvement peut être commandé par une multiplicité d'orifices de commande, qui s'étendent entre les deux chambres, à proximité de leurs extrémités d'entrée et de sortie. Le trop-plein évacué par les extrémités de sortie de chacune des chambres peut être soit recyclé dans le système produisant l'écoulement aqueux, soit être redirigés vers les orifices d'entrée de l'une des deux chambres.
PCT/US1997/020459 1996-11-15 1997-11-12 Appareil a systeme d'ecoulement a double alimentation pour coucheuse de bande de papier WO1998021408A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU52511/98A AU5251198A (en) 1996-11-15 1997-11-12 Dual feed flow system apparatus for a paper web coater

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3083696P 1996-11-15 1996-11-15
US60/030,836 1996-11-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998021408A1 true WO1998021408A1 (fr) 1998-05-22

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6235115B1 (en) 1998-01-27 2001-05-22 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Fountain coating applicator and support beam
WO2001072433A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-04 Metso Paper, Inc. Arrangement pour l'alimentation d'une substance de traitement a un dispositif applicateur
EP1240931A1 (fr) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-18 JACOBI Systemtechnik GmbH Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un élément filtrant
WO2004027152A1 (fr) * 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Metso Paper, Inc. Appareil d'etalement situe dans une machine a papier comprenant une chambre d'alimentation convergente
US8052645B2 (en) 2008-07-23 2011-11-08 Avant Medical Corp. System and method for an injection using a syringe needle
US8177749B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2012-05-15 Avant Medical Corp. Cassette for a hidden injection needle
US9974904B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2018-05-22 Avant Medical Corp. Autoinjector system
US10092706B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2018-10-09 Amgen Inc. Autoinjector apparatus
US10092703B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-10-09 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system
US10492990B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-12-03 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system
USD898908S1 (en) 2012-04-20 2020-10-13 Amgen Inc. Pharmaceutical product cassette for an injection device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4340011A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-07-20 Aktiebolaget Karlstads Mekaniska Werkstad Flow distributor for a liquid film discharging device
JPS57153757A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Painting apparatus
JPS57153758A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Applicator
JPS57153756A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Painting apparatus
JPH0515828A (ja) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd 加圧型カーテン塗布装置
EP0545259A1 (fr) * 1991-11-26 1993-06-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de revêtement comprenant dans le réservoir un corps résistant à l'écoulement interchangeable

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4340011A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-07-20 Aktiebolaget Karlstads Mekaniska Werkstad Flow distributor for a liquid film discharging device
JPS57153757A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Painting apparatus
JPS57153758A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Applicator
JPS57153756A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Painting apparatus
JPH0515828A (ja) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd 加圧型カーテン塗布装置
EP0545259A1 (fr) * 1991-11-26 1993-06-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de revêtement comprenant dans le réservoir un corps résistant à l'écoulement interchangeable

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 261 (C - 141) 21 December 1982 (1982-12-21) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 285 (C - 1066) 2 June 1993 (1993-06-02) *

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6235115B1 (en) 1998-01-27 2001-05-22 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Fountain coating applicator and support beam
WO2001072433A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-04 Metso Paper, Inc. Arrangement pour l'alimentation d'une substance de traitement a un dispositif applicateur
US6827778B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2004-12-07 Metso Paper, Inc. Apparatus for feeding a treatment substance to an application device
EP1240931A1 (fr) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-18 JACOBI Systemtechnik GmbH Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un élément filtrant
WO2004027152A1 (fr) * 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Metso Paper, Inc. Appareil d'etalement situe dans une machine a papier comprenant une chambre d'alimentation convergente
US8177749B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2012-05-15 Avant Medical Corp. Cassette for a hidden injection needle
US10792426B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2020-10-06 Avant Medical Corp. Autoinjector system
US9925336B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2018-03-27 Avant Medical Corp. Cassette for a hidden injection needle
US9974904B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2018-05-22 Avant Medical Corp. Autoinjector system
US11883633B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2024-01-30 Avant Medical Corp. Autoinjector system
US10864324B2 (en) 2008-05-20 2020-12-15 Avant Medical Corp. Autoinjector system
US9616173B2 (en) 2008-07-23 2017-04-11 Avant Medical Corporation System and method for an injection using a syringe needle
US11724032B2 (en) 2008-07-23 2023-08-15 Avant Medical Corp. System and method for an injection using a syringe needle
US8052645B2 (en) 2008-07-23 2011-11-08 Avant Medical Corp. System and method for an injection using a syringe needle
US10639422B2 (en) 2008-07-23 2020-05-05 Avant Medical Corp. System and method for an injection using a syringe needle
US10918805B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2021-02-16 Amgen Inc. Autoinjector apparatus
US11419990B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2022-08-23 Amgen Inc. Autoinjector apparatus
US10092706B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2018-10-09 Amgen Inc. Autoinjector apparatus
US11986643B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2024-05-21 Amgen Inc. Autoinjector apparatus
USD898908S1 (en) 2012-04-20 2020-10-13 Amgen Inc. Pharmaceutical product cassette for an injection device
US10786629B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-09-29 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system
US10492990B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-12-03 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system
US11020537B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-06-01 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system
US10092703B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-10-09 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system
US11944798B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2024-04-02 Amgen Inc. Drug cassette, autoinjector, and autoinjector system

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