WO1998013657A1 - Plant for heat treatment of particulate material - Google Patents

Plant for heat treatment of particulate material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998013657A1
WO1998013657A1 PCT/EP1997/005083 EP9705083W WO9813657A1 WO 1998013657 A1 WO1998013657 A1 WO 1998013657A1 EP 9705083 W EP9705083 W EP 9705083W WO 9813657 A1 WO9813657 A1 WO 9813657A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kiln
burner
nozzle
casing
plant according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/005083
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ib Ohlsen
Original Assignee
F L Smidth & Co. A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by F L Smidth & Co. A/S filed Critical F L Smidth & Co. A/S
Priority to AU43853/97A priority Critical patent/AU4385397A/en
Publication of WO1998013657A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998013657A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0059—Construction elements of a furnace
    • F27D2001/0066—Movable or removable parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant (hereinafter referred to as of the kind described) for heat treatment of particulate material, the plant comprising a rotary kiln for burning the particulate material, a material cooler for cooling the material, the cooler being connected to the material discharge end of the kiln via a stationary kiln casing, which comprises two side walls, a roof and, if necessary, a back wall located opposite to the kiln, through which kiln casing hot dust-laden air originating from the cooler flows in counter-flow with the material which is discharged from the kiln, and at least one burner which protrudes into the kiln casing and comprising at least one nozzle which faces towards the kiln for introducing fuel into the kiln.
  • a plant hereinafter referred to as of the kind described
  • Plant of the above-mentioned kind are in general use for manufacturing cement clinker and similar products, and are known, for example, from GB-A-2146747 and GB-A-2198508.
  • the burner is a pipe mounted protruding through the back wall of tne kiln casing so that it extends through the kiln casing in a direction towards, and possibly some distance into, the rotary kiln, typically following a line which either coincides with, or is essentially parallel to, the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln.
  • the length of the kiln casing, and hence the passage area can be designed independently of the maximum length of the burner. This option does not exist at the known plants.
  • the burner pipe also creates a dead zone below the pipe and this also reduces the efficiency of the cooler. Furthermore such normal form of burner makes it impossible to build in effective lifters over the whole cross section of the cooler.
  • DE-A-2550475 discloses a kiln plant in which a burner protrudes radially through the kiln wall and rotates with the kiln.
  • the burner may be mounted so that it protrudes into the kiln casing substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln. If so, it is further preferred that the burner extends substantially vertically down through the roof of the kiln casing, and that the burner nozzle terminates substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the burner.
  • the fuel can be fed to the burner nozzle by gravitational force, if necessary, using a small amount of conveying air.
  • the burner may be mounted so that it protrudes into the kiln casing at an angle of between 30 and 90° relative to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln. Hence the burner may even protrude into the kiln.
  • the burner may advantageously be displaceably positioned in its longitudinal direction. In actual practice this can be done by the burner being mounted on a sledge which is capable of reciprocating movement in the longitudinal direction of the burner on rails specifically provided for this purpose.
  • the position of the burner may advantageously be adjustable so that the flame migrates in a desired direction, and, therefore, the burner may be pivotally arranged about an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the kiln and/or about an axis which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the kiln.
  • the burner proper may be designed in any appropriate manner.
  • the burner may thus comprise a central fuel duct which ends in an annular fuel nozzle terminating perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuel duct, an air duct externally fitted thereto, which air duct terminates in a substantially conical air nozzle which is fitted transversely across the fuel nozzle, and a substantially divergent burner nozzle at which the fuel nozzle as well as the air nozzle terminate.
  • the burner is subjected to temperatures in excess of 1000°C, and, therefore, it should be lined with refractory material.
  • the burner nozzle may comprise in its periphery openings for input of additional or alternative fuel via a secondary fuel duct.
  • Fig. 1 shows a central vertical section of part of a plant according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1 but of an alternative plant according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows in partly sectional elevation details of a burner which can be used in a plant according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a plant for manufacturing cement clinker 2, which plant comprises a rotary kiln 1 and a clinker cooler 3 for cooling the clinker.
  • the cooler 3 is connected to the clinker discharge end of the kiln via a stationary kiln casing 5 which comprises two side walls 6, a roof 7 and a back wall 8 located opposite to the kiln.
  • the plant further comprises a burner 12 for generating a flame 13. The location and the design features of the burner are described in further detail below.
  • the finish-burned cement clinker 2 which is discharged from the kiln 1 drops down onto a grate bottom 9 located in the cooler 3 and forms a clinker bed 10 thereon.
  • the clinker cooler 3 the clinker is cooled by means of air which is directed up through the grate and the bed of clinker 10. The thus heated and also, to a certain extent, dust-laden air is directed from the cooler 3 via the kiln casing 5 to the kiln in counterflow with the clinker 2 discharged from the kiln 1 as indicated by means of the arrow 11.
  • the velocity at which the air from the cooler 3 flows up through the kiln casing 5 and into the kiln 1 depends on the available passage area in the kiln casing 5. For minimization of the amount of clinker dust which is entrained in the airstream while, simultaneously, obtaining a uniform flow profile of the airstream, thereby enhancing the rotational symmetry of the burning flame 13, it is desirable to reduce the flow velocity of the airstream in the kiln casing 5, this being feasible by increasing the passage area of the kiln casing 5.
  • the burner 12 may, as illustrated in Fig. 1, be mounted so that it protrudes through an opening 14 provided in the roof of kiln casing 5.
  • the back wall 8 of the kiln casing 5 may be located and constructed exclusively on the basis of design criteria allowing for the best possible flow conditions in the kiln casing 5.
  • the burner 12 may as well be mounted so that it protrudes through an opening provided in one of the side walls of the kiln casing.
  • the burner 12 may, as shown, be mounted in a sledge 15 which is capable of reciprocating movement in the longitudinal direction of the burner 12 on rails 16 comprising limit stops 17.
  • the burner 12 may further, as also shown, be mounted in a gimbal bearing so as to be pivotally arranged about an axis 18 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the kiln as well as about an axis 18a which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the kiln thereby allowing its angular position to be adjusted as desired.
  • the plant illustrated in Fig. 2 corresponds to that illustrated in Fig. 1 except for the fact that the burner 12 is installed so that it is positioned at an angle of 45° relative to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a burner 12 which may be used in the plant according to the invention.
  • the burner 12 comprises a central fuel duct 21 which ends in an annular fuel nozzle 22 which terminates perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 23 of the fuel duct.
  • the burner 12 also comprises an air duct 24 which is fitted externally to the fuel duct 21, which duct 24 terminates in a substantially conical air nozzle 25 fitted transversely across the fuel nozzle 22, and which is fed with air via the air inlet 26.
  • the fuel nozzle 22 as well as the air nozzle 25 terminate in a joint divergent burner nozzle 27.
  • the illustrated burner is designed for selective or simultaneous firing of several types of fuels, and comprises for this purpose a secondary fuel duct 29 which terminates in openings 30 provided in the periphery of the burner nozzle 27.
  • the illustrated burner is further lined with refractory material 28.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

A plant for heat treatment of particulate material, comprises a rotary kiln (1) for burning the particulate material, a material cooler (3) for cooling the material, the cooler (3) being connected to the material discharge end of the kiln (1) via a stationary kiln casing (5), which comprises two side walls (6), a roof (7) and, if necessary, a back wall (8) being placed opposite to the kiln, through which kiln casing (5) hot, dust-laden air originating from the cooler (3) flows in counter-flow with the material discharged from the kiln (1), and at least one burner (12) which protrudes into the kiln casing (5), and comprising at least one nozzle (27) which faces towards the kiln (1) for introducing fuel into the kiln (1). The burner (12) is mounted so that it extends through an opening (14) provided in the roof (7) of the kiln casing or in one of its side walls (6).

Description

PLANT FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF PARTICULATE MATERIAL
The present invention relates to a plant (hereinafter referred to as of the kind described) for heat treatment of particulate material, the plant comprising a rotary kiln for burning the particulate material, a material cooler for cooling the material, the cooler being connected to the material discharge end of the kiln via a stationary kiln casing, which comprises two side walls, a roof and, if necessary, a back wall located opposite to the kiln, through which kiln casing hot dust-laden air originating from the cooler flows in counter-flow with the material which is discharged from the kiln, and at least one burner which protrudes into the kiln casing and comprising at least one nozzle which faces towards the kiln for introducing fuel into the kiln.
Plant of the above-mentioned kind are in general use for manufacturing cement clinker and similar products, and are known, for example, from GB-A-2146747 and GB-A-2198508. At the known plants the burner is a pipe mounted protruding through the back wall of tne kiln casing so that it extends through the kiln casing in a direction towards, and possibly some distance into, the rotary kiln, typically following a line which either coincides with, or is essentially parallel to, the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln. By installing the burner in this way, the maximum practicable length of the kiln casing will thus depend on and be determined by the length which can be safely applied to the burner. In order to minimize the flow velocity of the airflow passing from the material cooler up through the kiln casing to the rotary kiln, it is desirable that the length of the kiln casing, and hence the passage area, can be designed independently of the maximum length of the burner. This option does not exist at the known plants. The burner pipe also creates a dead zone below the pipe and this also reduces the efficiency of the cooler. Furthermore such normal form of burner makes it impossible to build in effective lifters over the whole cross section of the cooler.
It is the objective of the present invention to provide a plant by means of which the aforementioned disadvantages are remedied.
This is achieved by a plant of the kind described, and characterized in that the burner is mounted extending through an opening provided in the roof or in one of its side walls of the kiln casing. Hence it is possible to apply an arbitrary kiln casing length thereby allowing the flow velocity of the air which passes through the kiln casing to be adapted to a desired level at which the dust circulation from the cooler to the kiln is reduced while the velocity profile of the airstream in the material discharge end of the kiln is simultaneously made more uniform, thereby obtaining a burner flame with enhanced rotational symmetry, which in turn leads to a lower kiln casing temperature.
DE-A-2550475 discloses a kiln plant in which a burner protrudes radially through the kiln wall and rotates with the kiln. However the kiln is fixed to coolers which also rotate with the kiln so that there is no stationary kiln casing between kiln and cooler and the problems solved by the present invention are not addressed. The burner may be mounted so that it protrudes into the kiln casing substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln. If so, it is further preferred that the burner extends substantially vertically down through the roof of the kiln casing, and that the burner nozzle terminates substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the burner. As a result, the fuel can be fed to the burner nozzle by gravitational force, if necessary, using a small amount of conveying air.
Alternatively, the burner may be mounted so that it protrudes into the kiln casing at an angle of between 30 and 90° relative to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln. Hence the burner may even protrude into the kiln. From the viewpoint of process engineering and for ease of maintenance, the burner may advantageously be displaceably positioned in its longitudinal direction. In actual practice this can be done by the burner being mounted on a sledge which is capable of reciprocating movement in the longitudinal direction of the burner on rails specifically provided for this purpose.
Furthermore, the position of the burner may advantageously be adjustable so that the flame migrates in a desired direction, and, therefore, the burner may be pivotally arranged about an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the kiln and/or about an axis which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the kiln. The burner proper may be designed in any appropriate manner. The burner may thus comprise a central fuel duct which ends in an annular fuel nozzle terminating perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuel duct, an air duct externally fitted thereto, which air duct terminates in a substantially conical air nozzle which is fitted transversely across the fuel nozzle, and a substantially divergent burner nozzle at which the fuel nozzle as well as the air nozzle terminate.
During operation, the burner is subjected to temperatures in excess of 1000°C, and, therefore, it should be lined with refractory material.
To allow use of several types of fuels, the burner nozzle may comprise in its periphery openings for input of additional or alternative fuel via a secondary fuel duct. The invention will now be described in further details with reference to the accompanying diagrammatical drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a central vertical section of part of a plant according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1 but of an alternative plant according to the invention; and, Fig. 3 shows in partly sectional elevation details of a burner which can be used in a plant according to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a plant for manufacturing cement clinker 2, which plant comprises a rotary kiln 1 and a clinker cooler 3 for cooling the clinker. The cooler 3 is connected to the clinker discharge end of the kiln via a stationary kiln casing 5 which comprises two side walls 6, a roof 7 and a back wall 8 located opposite to the kiln. The plant further comprises a burner 12 for generating a flame 13. The location and the design features of the burner are described in further detail below.
The finish-burned cement clinker 2 which is discharged from the kiln 1 drops down onto a grate bottom 9 located in the cooler 3 and forms a clinker bed 10 thereon. In the clinker cooler 3 the clinker is cooled by means of air which is directed up through the grate and the bed of clinker 10. The thus heated and also, to a certain extent, dust-laden air is directed from the cooler 3 via the kiln casing 5 to the kiln in counterflow with the clinker 2 discharged from the kiln 1 as indicated by means of the arrow 11.
The velocity at which the air from the cooler 3 flows up through the kiln casing 5 and into the kiln 1 depends on the available passage area in the kiln casing 5. For minimization of the amount of clinker dust which is entrained in the airstream while, simultaneously, obtaining a uniform flow profile of the airstream, thereby enhancing the rotational symmetry of the burning flame 13, it is desirable to reduce the flow velocity of the airstream in the kiln casing 5, this being feasible by increasing the passage area of the kiln casing 5.
To allow a more or less arbitrary increase of the passage area of the kiln casing 5, the burner 12 may, as illustrated in Fig. 1, be mounted so that it protrudes through an opening 14 provided in the roof of kiln casing 5. As a result hereof, the back wall 8 of the kiln casing 5 may be located and constructed exclusively on the basis of design criteria allowing for the best possible flow conditions in the kiln casing 5.
However, the burner 12 may as well be mounted so that it protrudes through an opening provided in one of the side walls of the kiln casing.
For controlling the position of the burner, the burner 12 may, as shown, be mounted in a sledge 15 which is capable of reciprocating movement in the longitudinal direction of the burner 12 on rails 16 comprising limit stops 17. The burner 12 may further, as also shown, be mounted in a gimbal bearing so as to be pivotally arranged about an axis 18 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the kiln as well as about an axis 18a which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the kiln thereby allowing its angular position to be adjusted as desired.
The plant illustrated in Fig. 2 corresponds to that illustrated in Fig. 1 except for the fact that the burner 12 is installed so that it is positioned at an angle of 45° relative to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln.
Fig. 3 shows an example of a burner 12 which may be used in the plant according to the invention. The burner 12 comprises a central fuel duct 21 which ends in an annular fuel nozzle 22 which terminates perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 23 of the fuel duct. The burner 12 also comprises an air duct 24 which is fitted externally to the fuel duct 21, which duct 24 terminates in a substantially conical air nozzle 25 fitted transversely across the fuel nozzle 22, and which is fed with air via the air inlet 26. The fuel nozzle 22 as well as the air nozzle 25 terminate in a joint divergent burner nozzle 27.
The illustrated burner is designed for selective or simultaneous firing of several types of fuels, and comprises for this purpose a secondary fuel duct 29 which terminates in openings 30 provided in the periphery of the burner nozzle 27. The illustrated burner is further lined with refractory material 28.

Claims

1. A plant for heat treatment of particulate material, the plant comprising a rotary kiln (1) for burning the particulate material, a material cooler (3) for cooling the material, the cooler (3) being connected to the material discharge end of the kiln (1) via a stationary kiln casing (5) , which comprises two side walls (6) , and a roof (7) and through which hot dust-laden air originating from the cooler (3) flows, in use, in counter-flow with the material which is discharged from the kiln (1) , and a burner (12) which protrudes into the kiln casing (5) and comprising at least one nozzle (27) which faces towards the kiln (1) for feeding fuel into the kiln (1); characterised in that the burner (12) is mounted extending through an opening (14) provided in the roof (7) or in one of the side walls (6) of the kiln casing (5) .
2. A plant according to claim 1, characterised in that the burner (12) is mounted so that it protrudes into the kiln casing substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln.
3. A plant according to claim 3 , characterised in that the burner (12) is mounted so that it extends substantially vertically down through the roof (7) of the kiln casing (5) and in that the burner nozzle (27) terminates substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the burner.
4. A plant according to claim 1, characterised in that the burner (12) is mounted so that it protrudes into the kiln casing at an angle of between 30 and 90° relative to the longitudinal axis of the rotary kiln.
5. A plant according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the burner (12) is arranged displaceably in its longitudinal direction.
6. A plant according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the burner (12) is pivotally arranged about an axis (18) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the kiln.
7. A plant according to any one of claims l to 5, characterised in that the burner (12) is pivotally arranged about an axis (18a) extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the kiln.
8. A plant according to any one of the preceding claims, in that the burner (12) comprises a central fuel duct (21) which ends in an annular fuel nozzle (22) terminating perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (23) of the fuel duct, an air duct (24) externally fitted thereto, which air duct terminates in a substantially conical air nozzle (25) which is fitted transversely across the fuel nozzle ( 22) , and a substantially divergent burner nozzle (27) at which the fuel nozzle (22) as well as the air nozzle (25) terminate.
9. A plant according to claim 8, characterised in that the burner nozzle in its periphery comprises openings (30) or input of additional or alternative fuel via a secondary fuel duct (29) .
10. A plant according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the burner (12) is lined with refractory material (28) .
PCT/EP1997/005083 1996-09-24 1997-09-15 Plant for heat treatment of particulate material WO1998013657A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU43853/97A AU4385397A (en) 1996-09-24 1997-09-15 Plant for heat treatment of particulate material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK103496 1996-09-24
DK1034/96 1996-09-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998013657A1 true WO1998013657A1 (en) 1998-04-02

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WO (1) WO1998013657A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009087227A1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-16 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Rotary furnaces
WO2009101171A1 (en) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-20 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Vertically movable burner arrangement

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE154021C (en) *
DE295174C (en) *
GB231139A (en) * 1924-03-19 1925-10-22 Fuller Lehigh Co Improvements in or relating to rotary kilns and methods of operating them
US2240485A (en) * 1939-05-31 1941-05-06 Hugh M Armel Method of firing rotary kilns in the production of portland cement
DE953593C (en) * 1954-03-28 1956-12-06 Werner Neumann Dipl Ing Burner for rotary tube furnaces
DE2326939A1 (en) * 1973-05-26 1974-12-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Double walled jacket tube for rotary furnace - has conducting support plates to promote uniform gas flow and efficient self cooling
US4082499A (en) * 1976-11-12 1978-04-04 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Multipurpose kiln shell gas burner
GB2128307A (en) * 1982-10-01 1984-04-26 Mansfeld Kombinat W Pieck Veb Apparatus for the drying and de-oiling of metal swarf

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE154021C (en) *
DE295174C (en) *
GB231139A (en) * 1924-03-19 1925-10-22 Fuller Lehigh Co Improvements in or relating to rotary kilns and methods of operating them
US2240485A (en) * 1939-05-31 1941-05-06 Hugh M Armel Method of firing rotary kilns in the production of portland cement
DE953593C (en) * 1954-03-28 1956-12-06 Werner Neumann Dipl Ing Burner for rotary tube furnaces
DE2326939A1 (en) * 1973-05-26 1974-12-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Double walled jacket tube for rotary furnace - has conducting support plates to promote uniform gas flow and efficient self cooling
US4082499A (en) * 1976-11-12 1978-04-04 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Multipurpose kiln shell gas burner
GB2128307A (en) * 1982-10-01 1984-04-26 Mansfeld Kombinat W Pieck Veb Apparatus for the drying and de-oiling of metal swarf

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009087227A1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-16 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Rotary furnaces
EP2080973A1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-22 L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Rotary furnaces
WO2009101171A1 (en) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-20 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Vertically movable burner arrangement

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