WO1998013586A1 - Turbine a vapeur et procede pour eviter la formation de vapeur humide dans une turbine a vapeur - Google Patents

Turbine a vapeur et procede pour eviter la formation de vapeur humide dans une turbine a vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998013586A1
WO1998013586A1 PCT/DE1997/002051 DE9702051W WO9813586A1 WO 1998013586 A1 WO1998013586 A1 WO 1998013586A1 DE 9702051 W DE9702051 W DE 9702051W WO 9813586 A1 WO9813586 A1 WO 9813586A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
temperature
pressure
turbine
area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1997/002051
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Endries
Claus Eggert
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1998013586A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998013586A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/02—Arrangement of sensing elements
    • F01D17/08—Arrangement of sensing elements responsive to condition of working-fluid, e.g. pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2210/00—Working fluids
    • F05D2210/20—Properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam turbine with a steam inlet area, an exhaust steam area and a blading area arranged axially therebetween, and a method for avoiding wet steam in a steam turbine, in particular a high-pressure steam turbine.
  • the steam droplets that detach can lead to material abrasion on impact with the rotor blades, especially if the droplets have a diameter of the order of 50 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m (so-called drop impact erosion) sucked up directly on the guide vane surface.
  • a hollow guide vane has slots which connect its interior to the condenser of the steam turbine.
  • a complex condensate treatment is therefore necessary.
  • the condensed steam does not stand more available for the steam process. It may therefore be desirable to avoid condensation of steam, in particular wet steam formation, in a steam turbine.
  • DE 43 40 340 C1 exclusively discloses a method and a device for determining the live steam mass flow of the live steam line of a steam power plant aimed at the sole aim of being able to carry out such a determination without loss. In addition to measuring the steam pressure upstream and downstream of the blading, this determination also requires the determination of the fresh steam temperature before the blading. According to the method described in DE 43 40 340 Cl, it is therefore imperative to determine the above three different measured variables.
  • the first-mentioned object is achieved for a steam turbine with a steam inlet area, an exhaust steam area and a blading area arranged axially therebetween in that a pressure detector is located in at least two axially spaced apart turbine areas.
  • Solution unit is provided, which pressure detection units are connected to a temperature determination unit, in which a determination of the minimum steam temperature in the inlet area is made from the values of the steam pressure, at which the steam temperature in the evaporation area is above the saturation temperature, so that steam is still dry in the evaporation area .
  • the minimum steam temperature is determined at
  • the arrangement of the pressure detection units can be largely arbitrary.
  • the first turbine inner region, in which the first pressure detection unit is arranged is preferably in the inlet region and the second turbine inner region, in which the second pressure detection unit is arranged, in the exhaust steam region of the turbine.
  • the vapor pressure upstream and downstream of the blading area can be determined.
  • Steam relaxation can thus be determined from the steam pressure upstream and downstream of the blading (overpressure measurement), the limit curve for the temperature before the first stage and thus for the live steam temperature at which no saturated steam condition has just been reached at the outlet of the blading area.
  • the fresh steam temperature at the entrance to the blading area is determined by the Vapor pressure at the entrance of the blading area and the vapor pressure at the exit of the blading area are clearly determined.
  • the temperature (in ° C.) can be determined using the following equation or an analogous equation:
  • n 0.265 x (le- ° " / p2 - ,) / 0 - 25 ) l.
  • the steam turbine is preferably connected to a control device with which the live steam temperature and / or the live steam pressure in the steam inlet area can be controlled.
  • the control device preferably acts on a steam generator and / or a pressure control device connected downstream of the steam generator, so that the live steam temperature and / or the fresh steam pressure can be regulated via the control device.
  • the steam turbine is preferably a high-pressure steam turbine. This is steam with a fresh steam temperature of over
  • the minimum steam temperature in the inlet area is preferably determined so that the steam temperature in the steam area is 10 ° C., in particular above 15 ° C., above the saturation temperature of the steam in the evaporation area.
  • the second object is achieved in that in a steam turbine, in particular a high-pressure steam turbine, the steam pressure is determined at two points, preferably in the steam inlet area and in the steam-off area, and a minimum temperature (fresh steam temperature) is determined therefrom which is not yet saturated steam in the exhaust steam area and the fresh steam temperature and / or the fresh steam pressure in the steam inlet area is or are set accordingly.
  • a minimum temperature fresh steam temperature
  • a turbine shaft 13 is arranged in an inner housing 11, which is surrounded by an outer housing 12.
  • the inner housing 11 has a steam inlet area 2, a blading area 4 adjoining it axially, and an axially following evaporation area 3.
  • a first turbine inner area 7 has a first one connected to the inner casing 11 Pressure detection unit 5.
  • a second pressure detection unit 6 is provided in a second turbine inner region 8 of the exhaust steam region 3.
  • Each pressure detection unit 5, 6 is connected to a temperature determination unit 9, which in turn is connected to a control device 10, via electrical connections (not shown).
  • the control device 10 acts on a steam generator (not shown) and / or a steam pressure regulating device.
  • the first pressure detection unit 5 detects the vapor pressure p x in the inlet area 2 and the second pressure detection unit 6 detects the vapor pressure p 2 in the exhaust steam area 3.
  • the steam pressure values p x , p 2 are fed to the temperature determination unit 9, in which a minimum steam temperature T lmin in the steam inlet area 2 is determined therefrom, for example via a determination equation for the polytropic steam relaxation, at which there is still no wet steam state (saturated steam state) in the evaporation area 3 .
  • This minimum steam temperature Ti m or an associated variable is fed to the control device 10, which acts accordingly on a steam generator or a steam control device, so that the
  • Steam inlet area 2 supplied live steam has a live steam temperature above the minimum steam temperature T lm ⁇ n . This ensures that there is no wet steam in the blading area 4 of the steam turbine 1, which would lead to condensation on the blading of the steam turbine 1. Measures for removing condensate in the high-pressure steam turbine 1 and measures for protecting guide vanes and / or moving blades against drop impact erosion are therefore not necessary. The entire steam fed to the steam turbine 1 is therefore still available for the entire steam roasted, whereby a high efficiency of the steam turbine plant in which the high-pressure steam turbine part 1 is arranged is achieved.
  • the steam pressure p x For a given evaporation pressure p 2 and a given fresh steam temperature (taking into account any throttling), the steam pressure p x must be selected accordingly; at a given steam pressure p, the live steam temperature T x must be controlled. If only the steam pressure p 2 is specified in the exhaust steam area, both the fresh steam temperature T x and the inlet steam pressure p x can be varied.
  • the invention is characterized by a steam turbine, in which it is ensured without additional design features that there is no saturated steam condition in the exhaust steam area downstream of the blading. Neither measures to drain condensate nor to avoid drop erosion are therefore mandatory.
  • a temperature for the live steam is determined from the steam pressure values downstream and upstream of the blading, so that the steam temperature upstream of the blading in the exhaust steam area is above the saturation temperature, which ensures that there is no saturated steam state in the exhaust steam area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une turbine à vapeur (1) comprenant une unité de détection de la pression (6) dans la zone d'admission de la vapeur (2) et une unité de détection de la pression (6) dans la zone d'évacuation de la vapeur (3). En outre, il est prévu une unité de détermination de la température (9) dans laquelle une température de la vapeur est déterminée à partir des valeurs de la pression (P1, P2) détectées dans la zone d'admission de la vapeur (2), de manière que la température de la vapeur (T2) soit supérieure à la température de saturation (Ts) dans la zone d'évacuation de la vapeur (3). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé permettant d'éviter la formation de vapeur humide dans une turbine à vapeur (1).
PCT/DE1997/002051 1996-09-26 1997-09-12 Turbine a vapeur et procede pour eviter la formation de vapeur humide dans une turbine a vapeur WO1998013586A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19639715 1996-09-26
DE19639715.4 1996-09-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998013586A1 true WO1998013586A1 (fr) 1998-04-02

Family

ID=7807056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1997/002051 WO1998013586A1 (fr) 1996-09-26 1997-09-12 Turbine a vapeur et procede pour eviter la formation de vapeur humide dans une turbine a vapeur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1998013586A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE653570C (de) * 1936-08-15 1937-11-27 Brown Boveri & Cie Akt Ges Druckverlaufsicherung fuer mehrstufige Dampf- oder Gasturbinenbeschaufelungen
US3873817A (en) * 1972-05-03 1975-03-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp On-line monitoring of steam turbine performance
US4087797A (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-05-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. System for detecting water in steam pipes
EP0004482A2 (fr) * 1978-03-17 1979-10-03 Creusot-Loire Dispositif de protection des aubages d'une turbine à vapeur
FR2435083A1 (fr) * 1978-08-28 1980-03-28 Gen Electric Procede et systeme pour la commande automatique de la fermeture et de l'ouverture d'une vanne de purge
DE3220785A1 (de) * 1981-06-03 1983-01-05 Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo Dampffeuchtigkeits-messeinrichtung
US4412780A (en) * 1981-03-27 1983-11-01 General Electric Company Rate initial pressure limiter
EP0216723A1 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-01 Elliott Turbomachinery Company, Inc. Système de sécurité pour turbines à vapeur comprenant un indicateur de surchauffe de vapeur
DE4340340C1 (de) 1993-11-26 1995-04-06 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren bzw. Einrichtung zur Bestimmung des Frischdampfmassenstromes in der Frischdampfleitung eines Dampfkraftwerks

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE653570C (de) * 1936-08-15 1937-11-27 Brown Boveri & Cie Akt Ges Druckverlaufsicherung fuer mehrstufige Dampf- oder Gasturbinenbeschaufelungen
US3873817A (en) * 1972-05-03 1975-03-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp On-line monitoring of steam turbine performance
US4087797A (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-05-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. System for detecting water in steam pipes
EP0004482A2 (fr) * 1978-03-17 1979-10-03 Creusot-Loire Dispositif de protection des aubages d'une turbine à vapeur
FR2435083A1 (fr) * 1978-08-28 1980-03-28 Gen Electric Procede et systeme pour la commande automatique de la fermeture et de l'ouverture d'une vanne de purge
US4412780A (en) * 1981-03-27 1983-11-01 General Electric Company Rate initial pressure limiter
DE3220785A1 (de) * 1981-06-03 1983-01-05 Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo Dampffeuchtigkeits-messeinrichtung
EP0216723A1 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-01 Elliott Turbomachinery Company, Inc. Système de sécurité pour turbines à vapeur comprenant un indicateur de surchauffe de vapeur
DE4340340C1 (de) 1993-11-26 1995-04-06 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren bzw. Einrichtung zur Bestimmung des Frischdampfmassenstromes in der Frischdampfleitung eines Dampfkraftwerks

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