Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3792—Amine oxide containing polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3723—Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38645—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing cellulase

Definitions

• the present invention relates to compositions which provide care to the colors of fabrics in laundry treatment.
• the present invention is a composition comprising a dye fixing agent and an amino-functional polymer comprising a polyamine backbone corresponding to the formula:
• polyamine backbone having a polyamine formula V( n _
• V units are terminal units having the formula:
• W units are backbone units having the formula:
• Y units are branching units having the formula
• iv)Y' units are branch point for a backbone or branch ring having the formula:
• v) Z units are terminal units having the formula:
• backbone linking R units are selected from the group consisting of C2-C12 alkylene, C4-C12 alkenylene, C3-C12 hydroxyalkylene, C4-C12 dihydroxyalkylene, C8-C12 dialkylarylene, -(R l O) x R 1 -, -(R 1 O) x R 5 (OR 1 ) x - , - ⁇ CH 2 CH(OR 2 )CH2 ⁇ ) z (R 1 O) y R 1 ⁇ OCH2CH ⁇ OR2)CH 2 )w- - -C(O)(R ) r C(O)- , -CH2CH(OR2)CH2-, and mixtures thereof; wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of C2-C6 alkylene and mixtures thereof; R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, -(R ⁇ O) x B, and mixtures thereof; R 4 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C4-
• R ⁇ OIxB, -C(0)R3, and mixtures thereof; oxide; B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1 -C5 alkyl, -(CH2)qS ⁇ 3M, -(CH2>pCO2rv1, - (CH2>q(CHSO3M)CH 2 SO 3 M, -(CH2)q-(CHS0 2 M)CH2S03M, -(CH 2 )pP0 3 M, -PO3M, and mixtures thereof;
• R ⁇ is selected from the group consisting of C1 -C1 8 alkyl, C7-C1 2 arylalkyl, C7-C 1 2 alkyl substituted aryl, C ⁇ -C ⁇ aryl, and mixtures thereof;
• M is hydrogen or a water-soluble cation in sufficient amount to satisfy charge balance;
• X is a water-soluble anion;
• m has the value from 2 to 700; n has the value from 0 to 350; p has the
• the composition further comprises a fabric softener component.
• a method for providing color care to fabrics upon domestic laundering treatments which comprise the step of contacting the fabrics with an aqueous medium comprising said composition.
• a method for providing color care on treated fabrics upon domestic treatment which comprises the step of contacting the fabrics with said composition, wherein said composition is applied on a substrate, preferably a dryer-sheet.
• Dye fixing agents are well-known, commercially available materials which are designed to improve the appearance of dyed fabrics by minimizing the loss of dye from fabrics due to washing. Not included within this definition are components which are fabric softeners or those described hereinafter as amino-functional polymers.
• Cationic fixatives are available under various trade names from several suppliers. Representative examples include: CROSCOLOR PMF (July 1 981 , Code No. 7894) and CROSCOLOR NOFF (January 1 988, Code No. 8544) from Crosfield; INDOSOL E-50 (February 27, 1 984, Ref. No.
• Dye fixing agents suitable for use in the present invention are ammonium compounds such as fatty acid - diamine condensates e.g.
• a typical amount of the dye fixing agent to be employed in the composition of the invention is preferably up to 90% by weight, preferably up to 50% by weight, more preferably from 0.001 % to 10% by weight, most preferably from 0.5% to 5% active by weight of the composition.
• the other essential component of the invention is an amino-functional polymer comprising a polyamine backbone.
• the amino-functional polymers of the present invention are water-soluble or dispersible, polyamines.
• the amino-functional polymers for use herein have a molecular weight between 200 and 10 6 , preferably between 600 and 20,000, most preferably between 1000 and 10,000.
• These polyamines comprise backbones that can be either linear or cyclic.
• the polyamine backbones can also comprise polyamine branching chains to a greater or lesser degree.
• the polyamine backbones described herein are modified in such a manner that at least each nitrogen of the polyamine chain is thereafter described in terms of a unit that is substituted, quatemized, oxidized, or combinations thereof.
• the term "modification" as it relates to the chemical structure of the polyamines is defined as replacing a backbone -NH hydrogen atom by an R' unit (substitution), quaternizing a backbone nitrogen (quatemized) or oxidizing a backbone nitrogen to the N- oxide (oxidized).
• substitution and “substitution” are used interchangably when referring to the process of replacing a hydrogen atom attached to a backbone nitrogen with an R' unit. Quaternization or oxidation may take place in some circumstances without substitution, but substitution is preferably accompanied by oxidation or quaternization of at least one backbone nitrogen.
• linear or non-cyclic polyamine backbones that comprise the amino- functional polymer have the general formula:
• cyclic polyamine backbones that comprise the amino-functional polymer have the general formula:
• the above backbones prior to optional but preferred subsequent modification comprise primary, secondary and tertiary amine nitrogens connected by R "linking" units.
• primary amine nitrogens comprising the backbone or branching chain once modified are defined as V or Z "terminal" units.
• a primary amine moiety located at the end of the main polyamine backbone or branching chain having the structure
• secondary amine nitrogens comprising the backbone or branching chain once modified are defined as W "backbone" units.
• W backbone
• tertiary amine nitrogens comprising the backbone or branching chain once modified are further referred to as Y "branching" units.
• Y branch point of either the polyamine backbone or other branching chains or rings, having the structure
• —[N-R]- is modified according to the present invention, it is thereafter defined as a Y "branching" unit, or simply a Y unit.
• Y branching
• some or all of the tertiary amine moieties can remain unmodified. These unmodified tertiary amine moieties by virtue of their position in the backbone chain remain “branching" units.
• the R units associated with the V, W and Y unit nitrogens which serve to connect the polyamine nitrogens, are described hereinbelow.
• the polyamine backbone has the formula
• polyamine backbones of the present invention comprise no rings.
• a fully non-branched linear modified polyamine according to the present invention has the formula
• n is equal to 0.
• the value for m ranges from a minimum value of 2 to 700, preferably 4 to 400, however, larger values of m are also preferred, especially when the value of the index n is very low or nearly 0.
• Each polyamine nitrogen whether primary, secondary or tertiary, once modified according to the present invention, is further defined as being a member of one of three general classes; simple substituted, quatemized or oxidized. Those polyamine nitrogen units not modified are classed into V, W, Y, Y' or Z units depending on whether they are primary, secondary or tertiary nitrogens. That is unmodified primary amine nitrogens are V or Z units, unmodified secondary amine nitrogens are W units or Y' units and unmodified tertiary amine nitrogens are Y units for the purposes of the present invention.
• V "terminal" units having one of three forms:
• X is a suitable counter ion providing charge balance
• Modified secondary amine moieties are defined as W "backbone" units having one of three forms:
• X is a suitable counter ion providing charge balance
• modified secondary amine moieties are defined as Y' units having one of three forms:
• X is a suitable counter ion providing charge balance
• Modified tertiary amine moieties are defined as Y "branching" units having one of three forms: a) unmodified units having the structure:
• X is a suitable counter ion providing charge balance
• a primary amine unit comprising one R' unit in the form of a hydroxyethyl moiety is a V terminal unit having the formula (HOCH2CH2)HN-.
• the Z "terminal” unit derives from a terminal primary amino moiety of the structure -NH2- Non-cyclic polyamine backbones according to the present invention comprise only one Z unit whereas cyclic polyamines can comprise no Z units.
• the Z "terminal” unit can be substituted with any of the R' units described further herein below, except when the Z unit is modified to form an N-oxide. In the case where the Z unit nitrogen is oxidized to an N-oxide, the nitrogen must be modified and therefore R' cannot be a hydrogen.
• the polyamines of the present invention comprise backbone R "linking" units that serve to connect the nitrogen atoms of the backbone.
• R units comprise units that for the purposes of the present invention are referred to as “hydrocarbyl R” units and “oxy R” units.
• the "hydrocarbyl” R units are
• C8-C 12 dialkylarylene which for the purpose of the present invention are arylene moieties having two alkyl substituent groups as part of the linking chain.
• a dialkylarylene unit has the formula
• the unit need not be 1 ,4-substituted, but can also be 1,2 or 1,3 substituted C2-C12 alkylene, preferably ethylene, 1,2-propylene, and mixtures thereof, more preferably ethylene.
• the "oxy" R units comprise - (R10) X R5(OR1) X -, -CH 2 CH(OR2)CH2 ⁇ ) 2 (Rl ⁇ ) y Rl(OCH2CH(OR 2 )CH 2 ) w -, - CH2CH(0R2)CH2", -(RTO ⁇ R 1 -, and mixtures thereof.
• R units are selected from the group consisting of C2-C12 alkylene, C3-C12 hydroxyalkylene, C4-C12 dihydroxyalkylene, C8-C12 dialkylarylene, - (R 1 O) x R 1 -, -CH 2 CH(OR2)CH 2 -, -(CH2CH(OH)CH 2 O) z (Rl ⁇ ) y R 1 (OCH 2 CH- (OH)CH2) w -' -(R 1 O) x R 5 (OR 1 ) x -, more preferred R units are C2-C-
• R units are C2-C12 alkylene, C3 hydroxyalkylene, and mixtures thereof, most preferred are C2-C6 alkylene.
• the most preferred backbones of the present invention comprise at least 50% R units that are ethylene.
• R1 units are C2-C6 alkylene, and mixtures thereof, preferably ethylene.
• R2 is hydrogen, and -(R 1 O) x B, preferably hydrogen.
• R 3 is C1-C18 alkyl, C7-C12 arylalkylene, C7-C12 alkyl substituted aryl, C ⁇ - C-J2 ar yl' anc l mixtures thereof , preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C7-C12 arylalkylene, more preferably C1-C12 alkyl, most preferably methyl.
• R 3 units serve as part of R' units described herein below.
• R 4 is C-]-C-
• R 5 is C1-C12 alkylene, C3-C12 hydroxyalkylene, C4-C12 dihydroxyalkylene, Cs-C 12 dialkylarylene , -C(O)- , -C(O)NHR6NHC(0)- , - C(O)(R ) r C(0)- , -R 1 (0R 1 )-,
• R 5 is preferably ethylene , -C(O)- , -C(O)NHR6NHC(O)- , -R ⁇ OR 1 )-, -CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 O(R 1 O) y Rl ⁇ CH 2 CH- (OH)CH 2 -, more preferably -CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -.
• R ⁇ is C2-C 1 2 alkylene or C6-C -1 2 arylene.
• the preferred "oxy" R units are further defined in terms of the R 1 , R 2 , and R5 units.
• Preferred "oxy" R units comprise the preferred R1 , R 2 , and R ⁇ units.
• the preferred cotton soil release agents of the present invention comprise at least 50% R1 units that are ethylene.
• Preferred R ⁇ , R 2 , and R5 units are combined with the "oxy" R units to yield the preferred "oxy” R units in the following manner.
• R' units are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1 -C22 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C7-C22 arylalkyl, C2-C22 hydroxyalkyl, -(CH2) p CO2M, - (CH 2 ) q SO 3 M, -CH(CH 2 CO 2 M)CO2M, -(CH 2 ) p PO 3 M, - ⁇ R l ⁇ ) m B, -C(O)R3, preferably hydrogen, C2-C22 hydroxyalkylene, benzyl, C1 -C22 alkylene, - (R 1 O) m B, -C(O)R 3 , -(CH 2 ) p CO 2 M, -(CH 2 ) q SO 3 M, -CH(CH2CO 2 M)CO 2 M, more preferably C1 -C22 alkylene, -(R 1 O) x B, -C(O)R 3 , -(
• R' units do not comprise a hydrogen atom when the V, W or Z units are oxidized, that is the nitrogens are N-oxides.
• the backbone chain or branching chains do not comprise units of the following structure:
• R' units do not comprise carbonyl moieties directly bonded to a nitrogen atom when the V, W or Z units are oxidized, that is, the nitrogens are N-oxides.
• the R' unit -C(O)R 3 moiety is not bonded to an N-oxide modified nitrogen, that is, there are no N-oxide amides having the structure
• B is hydrogen, C-J -C6 alkyl, -(CH2>qSO3M, -(CH2>pCO2 , -(CH2) q - (CHSO3M)CH2SO3M, -(CH2)q(CHSO2M)CH 2 SO 3 M, -(CH 2 ) p PO 3 M, - PO 3 M, preferably hydrogen, -(CH 2 ) q SO 3 M, -(CH2)q(CHSO 3 M)CH2SO 3 M, - (CH2> q -(CHS ⁇ 2M)CH2S ⁇ 3M, more preferably hydrogen or -(CH2)qSO3M.
• M is hydrogen or a water-soluble cation in sufficient amount to satisfy charge balance.
• a sodium cation equally satisfies (CH2) p C ⁇ 2M, and -(CH2> q S ⁇ 3M, thereby resulting in -
• (CH2)pCO2Na, and -(CH2>qSO3Na moieties More than one monovalent cation, (sodium, potassium, etc.) can be combined to satisfy the required chemical charge balance. However, more than one anionic group may be charge-balanced by a divalent cation, or more than one mono-valent cation may be necessary to satisfy the charge requirements of a poly-anionic radical.
• a -(CH2>pPO3 moiety substituted with sodium atoms has the formula -(CH2)pPO3Na3- Divalent cations such as calcium (Ca 2 + ) or magnesium (Mg 2 + ) may be substituted for or combined with other suitable mono-valent water-soluble cations.
• Preferred cations are sodium and potassium, more preferred is sodium.
• X is a water-soluble anion such as chlorine (Cl “ ), bromine (Br) and iodine (I " ) or X can be any negatively-charged radical such as sulfate (SO42-) and methosulfate (CH3SO3-).
• indices have the following values: p has the value from 1 to 6, q has the value from 0 to 6; r has the value 0 or 1 ; w has the value 0 or 1 , x has the value from 1 to 100; y has the value from 0 to 100; z has the value 0 or 1 ; m has the value from 2 to 700, preferably from 4 to 400, n has the value from 0 to 350, preferably from 0 to 200; m + n has the value of at least 5.
• x has a value lying in the range of from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 1 0.
• the preferred amino-functional polymers of the present invention comprise polyamine backbones wherein less than 50% of the R groups comprise "oxy" R units, preferably less than 20% , more preferably less than 5%, most preferably the R units comprise no "oxy" R units.
• the most preferred amino-functional polymers which comprise no "oxy" R units comprise polyamine backbones wherein less than 50% of the R groups comprise more than 3 carbon atoms.
• ethylene, 1 ,2- propylene, and 1 ,3-propylene comprise 3 or less carbon atoms and are the preferred "hydrocarbyl" R units. That is when backbone R units are C2-C12 alkylene, preferred is C2-C3 alkylene, most preferred is ethylene.
• the amino-functional polymers of the present invention comprise modified homogeneous and non-homogeneous polyamine backbones, wherein 100% or less of the -NH units are modified.
• the term "homogeneous polyamine backbone” is defined as a polyamine backbone having R units that are the same (i.e., all ethylene). However, this sameness definition does not exclude polyamines that comprise other extraneous units comprising the polymer backbone which are present due to an artifact of the chosen method of chemical synthesis.
• ethanolamine may be used as an "initiator" in the synthesis of polyethyleneimines, therefore a sample of polyethyleneimine that comprises one hydroxyethyl moiety resulting from the polymerization "initiator” would be considered to comprise a homogeneous polyamine backbone for the purposes of the present invention.
• a polyamine backbone comprising all ethylene R units wherein no branching Y units are present is a homogeneous backbone.
• a polyamine backbone comprising all ethylene R units is a homogeneous backbone regardless of the degree of branching or the number of cyclic branches present.
• non-homogeneous polymer backbone refers to polyamine backbones that are a composite of various R unit lengths and R unit types.
• a non-homogeneous backbone comprises R units that are a mixture of ethylene and 1 ,2- propylene units.
• a mixture of "hydrocarbyl” and “oxy” R units is not necessary to provide a non- homogeneous backbone.
• Preferred amino-functional polymers of the present invention comprise homogeneous polyamine backbones that are totally or partially substituted by polyethyleneoxy moieties, totally or partially quatemized amines, nitrogens totally or partially oxidized to N-oxides, and mixtures thereof.
• polyethyleneoxy moieties totally or partially quatemized amines
• nitrogens totally or partially oxidized to N-oxides, and mixtures thereof.
• backbone amine nitrogens must be modified in the same manner, the choice of modification being left to the specific needs of the formulator.
• the degree of ethoxylation is also determined by the specific requirements of the formulator.
• the preferred polyamines that comprise the backbone of the compounds of the present invention are generally polyalkyleneimines (PAI's), preferably polyethyleneimines (PEI's), or PEI's connected by moieties having longer R units than the parent PAI's or PEI's.
• Preferred amine polymer backbones comprise R units that are C2 alkylene (ethylene) units, also known as polyethylenimines (PEI's).
• Preferred PEI's have at least moderate branching, that is the ratio of m to n is less than 4: 1 , however PEI's having a ratio of m to n of 2: 1 are most preferred.
• Preferred backbones, prior to modification have the general formula:
• PEI's will have a molecular weight greater than 200 daltons.
• the relative proportions of primary, secondary and tertiary amine units in the polyamine backbone will vary, depending on the manner of preparation.
• Each hydrogen atom attached to each nitrogen atom of the polyamine backbone chain represents a potential site for subsequent substitution, quaternization or oxidation.
• polyamines can be prepared, for example, by polymerizing ethyleneimine in the presence of a catalyst such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc.
• a catalyst such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc.
• Specific methods for preparing these polyamine backbones are disclosed in U.S. Patent 2, 1 82,306, Ulrich et al., issued December 5, 1 939; U.S. Patent 3,033,746, Mayle et al., issued May 8, 1 962; U.S. Patent 2,208,095, Esselmann et al., issued July 1 6, 1 940; U.S. Patent 2,806,839, Crowther, issued September 1 7, 1 957; and U.S. Patent 2,553,696, Wilson, issued May 21 , 1 951 ; all herein incorporated by reference.
• Formula I depicts an amino-functional polymer comprising a PEI backbone wherein all substitutable nitrogens are modified by replacement of hydrogen with a polyoxyalkyleneoxy unit, -(CH2CH2 ⁇ )7H, having the formula
• Formula II depicts an amino-functional polymer comprising a PEI backbone wherein all substitutable primary amine nitrogens are modified by replacement of hydrogen with a polyoxyalkyleneoxy unit, -(CH2CH2 ⁇ )7H, the molecule is then modified by subsequent oxidation of all oxidizable primary and secondary nitrogens to N-oxides, said polymer having the formula
• Formula III depicts an amino-functional polymer comprising a PEI backbone wherein all backbone hydrogen atoms are substituted and some backbone amine units are quatemized.
• the substituents are polyoxyalkyleneoxy units, -(CH2CH2O)7H, or methyl groups.
• the modified PEI has the formula
• Formula IV depicts an amino-functional polymer comprising a PEI backbone wherein the backbone nitrogens are modified by substitution (i.e. by - (CH2CH2 ⁇ >7H or methyl), quatemized, oxidized to N-oxides or combinations thereof.
• the resulting polymer has the formula
• not all nitrogens of a unit class comprise the same modification.
• the present invention allows the formulator to have a portion of the secondary amine nitrogens ethoxylated while having other secondary amine nitrogens oxidized to N-oxides.
• This also applies to the primary amine nitrogens, in that the formulator may choose to modify all or a portion of the primary amine nitrogens with one or more substituents prior to oxidation or quaternization. Any possible combination of R' groups can be substituted on the primary and secondary amine nitrogens, except for the restrictions described hereinabove.
• amino-functional polymer suitable for use herein are poly(ethyleneimine) with a MW1 200, hydroxyethylated poly(ethyleneimine) from Polysciences, with a MW2000, and 80% hydroxyethylated poly(ethyleneimine) from Aldrich.
• a typical amount of amino-functional polymer to be employed in the composition of the invention is preferably up to 90% by weight, preferably from 0.01 % to 50% active by weight, more preferably from 0. 1 % to 20% by weight and most preferably from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the composition.
• the composition may also contain optional components which may be suitable for further improving the aesthetic appearance of the fabrics treated therewith.
• optional components include a polyolefin dispersion, a fabric softener component, additional components and mixtures thereof.
• the compositions of the invention comprise the dye fixing agent and the amino-functional polymer in a weight ratio of dye fixing agent to amino-functional polymer of from 1 00: 1 to 0.01 : 1 , preferably of from 10: 1 to 0.1 : 1 , more preferably of from 2: 1 to 0.5: 1 .
• Polyolefin dispersion A polyolefin dispersion may optionally be used in the composition of the invention in order to provide anti-wrinkles and improved water absorbency benefits to the fabrics.
• the polyolefin is a polyethylene, polypropylene or mixtures thereof.
• the polyolefin may be at least partially modified to contain various functional groups, such as carboxyl, carbonyl, ester, ether, alkylamide, sulfonic acid or amide groups. More preferably, the polyolefin employed in the present invention is at least partially carboxyl modified or, in other words, oxidized. In particular, oxidized or carboxyl modified polyethylene is preferred in the compositions of the present invention.
• the polyolefin is preferably introduced as a suspension or an emulsion of polyolefin dispersed by use of an emulsifing agent.
• the polyolefin suspension or emulsion preferably has from 1 % to 50%, more preferably from 1 0% to 35% by weight, and most preferably from 1 5% to 30% by weight of polyolefin in the emulsion.
• the polyolefin preferably has a molecular weight of from 1 ,000 to 1 5,000 and more preferably from 4,000 to 10,000.
• the emulsifier may be any suitable emulsification or suspending agent.
• the emulsifier is a cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic or anionic surfactant or mixtures thereof.
• any suitable cationic, nonionic or anionic surfactant may be employed as the emulsifier.
• Preferred emulsifiers are cationic surfactants such as the fatty amine surfactants and in particular the ethoxylated fatty amine surfactants.
• the cationic surfactants are preferred as emulsifiers in the present invention.
• the polyolefin is dispersed with the emulsifier or suspending agent in a ratio of emulsifier to polyolefin of from 1 : 10 to 3: 1 .
• the emulsion includes from 0.1 % to 50%, more preferably from 1 % to 20% and most preferably from 2.5% to 10% by weight of emulsifier in the polyolefin emulsion.
• Polyethylene emulsions and suspensions suitable for use in the present invention are available under the tradename VELUSTROL from HOECHST Aktiengesellschaft of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
• the polyethylene emulsions sold under the tradename VELUSTROL PKS, VELUSTROL KPA, or VELUSTROL P-40 may be employed in the compositions of the present invention.
• the compositions of the present invention contain from 0.01 % to 8% by weight of the dispersible polyolefin. More preferably, the compositions include from 0.1 % to 5% by weight and most preferably from 0.1 % to 3% by weight of the polyolefin.
• the polyolefin is added to the compositions of the present invention as an emulsion or suspension, the emulsion or suspension is added at sufficient enough quantities to provide the above noted levels of dispersible polyolefin in the compositions.
• a fabric softener component may also suitably be used in the composition of the invention so as to provide softness and antistastic properties to the treated fabrics.
• the fabric softener component will typically be present at a level sufficient to provide softening and antistatic properties. Typical levels are those conventionally used in fabric softening compositions, i.e from 1 % to 99% by weight of the composition.
• the composition will preferably comprise a level of fabric softening components for liquid compositions of from 1 % to 5% by weight for the diluted compositions or from 5% to 80%, more preferably 10% to 50%, most preferably 1 5% to 35% by weight for concentrated compositions.
• the level of nonionic softener component in the composition will typically be from 0.1 % to 10%, preferably from 1 % to 5% by weight.
• the preferred level of fabric softener component will preferably be from 20% to 99%, more preferably from 30% to 90% by weight, and even more preferably from 35% to 85% by weight.
• Said fabric softening component may be selected from cationic, nonionic, amphoteric or anionic fabric softening component.
• the preferred, typical cationic fabric softening components include the water-insoluble quaternary-ammonium fabric softening actives, the most commonly used having been di-long alkyl chain ammonium chloride or methyl sulfate.
• Preferred cationic softeners among these include the following:
• DTDMAC ditallow dimethylammonium chloride
• DTDMAC ditallow dimethylammonium chloride
• the quaternary ammonium compounds and amine precursors herein have the formula (I) or (II), below :
• Q is selected from -O-C(O)-, -C(O)-O-, -O-C(O)-O-, -NR 4 -C(O)- C(O)-NR 4 -;
• R 2 is (CH 2 ) m -Q-T 4 or T ⁇ or R ;
• R 3 is C1 -C4 alkyl or C1 - 4 hydroxyalkyl or H;
• R 4 is H or C1 -C4 alkyl or C1 -C4 hydroxyalkyl;
• T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 , T 5 are independently C-
• n and m are integers from 1 to 4; and
• X " is a softener-compatible anion.
• Non-limiting examples of softener-compatible anions include chloride or methyl sulfate.
• the alkyl, or alkenyl, chain T " l , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 , T ⁇ must contain at least 1 1 carbon atoms, preferably at least 1 6 carbon atoms.
• the chain may be straight or branched.
• Tallow is a convenient and inexpensive source of long chain alkyl and alkenyl material.
• the compounds wherein T ⁇ , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 , T ⁇ represent the mixture of long chain materials typical for tallow are particularly preferred.
• Specific examples of quaternary ammonium compounds suitable for use in the aqueous fabric softening compositions herein include :
• compounds 1 -7 are examples of compounds of Formula (I); compound 8 is a compound of Formula (II).
• N,N-di(tallowyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride where the tallow chains are at least partially unsaturated.
• the level of unsaturation of the tallow chain can be measured by the Iodine Value (IV) of the corresponding fatty acid, which in the present case should preferably be in the range of from 5 to 1 00 with two categories of compounds being distinguished, having a IV below or above 25.
• IV Iodine Value
• the anion is merely present as a counterion of the positively charged quaternary ammonium compounds.
• the nature of the counterion is not critical at all to the practice of the present invention. The scope of this invention is not considered limited to any particular anion.
• amine precursors thereof is meant the secondary or tertiary amines corresponding to the above quaternary ammonium compounds, said amines being substantially protonated in the present compositions due to the pH values.
• Additional fabric softening materials may be used in addition or alternatively to the cationic fabric softener. These may be selected from nonionic, amphoteric or anionic fabric softening material. Disclosure of such materials may be found in US 4,327, 1 33; US 4,421 ,792; US 4,426,299; US 4,460,485; US 3,644,203; US 4,661 ,269; U.S 4,439,335; U.S 3,861 ,870; US 4,308, 1 51 ; US 3,886,075; US 4,233, 1 64; US 4,401 ,578; US 3,974,076; US 4,237,01 6 and EP 472, 1 78.
• nonionic fabric softener materials typically have an HLB of from 2 to 9, more typically from 3 to 7.
• Such nonionic fabric softener materials tend to be readily dispersed either by themselves, or when combined with other materials such as single-long-chain alkyl cationic surfactant described in detail hereinafter. Dispersibility can be improved by using more single-long- chain alkyl cationic surfactant, mixture with other materials as set forth hereinafter, use of hotter water, and/or more agitation.
• the materials selected should be relatively crystalline, higher melting, (e.g. > 40°C) and relatively water-insoluble.
• Preferred nonionic softeners are fatty acid partial esters of polyhydric alcohols, or anhydrides thereof, wherein the alcohol, or anhydride, contains from 2 to 18, preferably from 2 to 8, carbon atoms, and each fatty acid moiety contains from 1 2 to 30, preferably from 1 6 to 20, carbon atoms.
• such softeners contain from one to 3, preferably 2 fatty acid groups per molecule.
• the polyhydric alcohol portion of the ester can be ethylene glycol, glycerol, poly (e.g., di-, tri-, tetra, penta-, and/or hexa-) glycerol, xylitol, sucrose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or sorbitan. Sorbitan esters and polyglycerol monostearate are particularly preferred.
• the fatty acid portion of the ester is normally derived from fatty acids having from 1 2 to 30, preferably from 1 6 to 20, carbon atoms, typical examples of said fatty acids being lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and behenic acid.
• Highly preferred optional nonionic softening agents for use in the present invention are the sorbitan esters, which are esterified dehydration products of sorbitol, and the glycerol esters.
• sorbitan monostearate is a suitable material. Mixtures of sorbitan stearate and sorbitan palmitate having stearate/palmitate weight ratios varying between 10: 1 and 1 : 10, and 1 ,5-sorbitan esters are also useful.
• Glycerol and polyglycerol esters especially glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, and polyglycerol mono- and/or di-esters, preferably mono-, are preferred herein (e.g. polyglycerol monostearate with a trade name of Radiasurf 7248).
• Useful glycerol and polyglycerol esters include mono-esters with stearic, oleic, palmitic, lauric, isostearic, myristic, and/or behenic acids and the diesters of stearic, oleic, palmitic, lauric, isostearic, behenic, and/or myristic acids. It is understood that the typical mono-ester contains some di- and tri- ester, etc.
• the "glycerol esters” also include the polyglycerol, e.g., diglycerol through octaglycerol esters.
• the polyglycerol polyols are formed by condensing glycerin or epichlorohydrin together to link the glycerol moieties via ether linkages.
• the mono- and/or diesters of the polyglycerol polyols are preferred, the fatty acyl groups typically being those described hereinbefore for the sorbitan and glycerol esters.
• Further fabric softening components suitable for use herein are the softening clays, such as the low ion-exchange-capacity ones described in EP-A- 0, 1 50,531 .
• the pH of the liquid compositions herein is an essential parameter of the present invention. Indeed, it influences the stability of the quaternary ammonium or amine precursors compounds, especially in prolonged storage conditions.
• the pH as defined in the present context, is measured in the neat compositions at 20°C.
• the neat pH measured in the above-mentioned conditions, must be in the range of from 2.0 to 4.5.
• the pH of the neat composition is in the range of 2.0 to 3.5, while if it is in a diluted form, the pH of the neat composition is in the range of 2.0 to 3.0.
• the pH of these compositions herein can be regulated by the addition of a Bronsted acid.
• Suitable acids include the inorganic mineral acids, carboxylic acids, in particular the low molecular weight (C1 -C5) carboxylic acids, and alkylsulfonic acids.
• Suitable inorganic acids include HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 and H3PO4.
• Suitable organic acids include formic, acetic, citric, methylsulfonic and ethylsulfonic acid.
• Preferred acids are citric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, formic, methylsulfonic acid, and benzoic acids.
• composition may also optionally contain additional components such as surfactant concentration aids, electrolyte concentration aids, stabilisers, such as well-known antioxidants and reductive agents, soil release polymers, emulsifiers, bacteriocides, colorants, perfumes, preservatives, optical brighteners, anti-ionisation agents, antifoam agents and enzymes.
• surfactant concentration aids such as sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfit
• ingredients especially the minor ingredients, and especially perfume, can be usefully added with, and preferably protected by, "carrier materials” such as zeolites, starch, cyclodextrin, wax, etc.
• Surfactant concentration aids may also optionally be used. When used, said surfactant concentration aid will help achieving the desired finished product viscosity as well as stabilising the finished product upon storage.
• Surfactant concentration aids are typically selected from single long chain alkyl cationic surfactants, nonionic alkoxylated surfactants, amine oxides, fatty acids, and mixtures thereof, typically used at a level of from 0 to 1 5% by weight of the composition.
• Such mono-long-chain-alkyl cationic surfactants useful in the present invention are, preferably, quaternary ammonium salts of the general formula
• R 2 group is C-
• a fatty acid ester of choline preferably Ci 2"C-
• Each R is a C1 -C4 alkyl or substituted (e.g., hydroxy) alkyl, or hydrogen, preferably methyl, and the counterion X " is a softener compatible anion, for example, chloride, bromide, methyl sulfate, etc.
• cationic materials with ring structures such as alkyl imidazoline, imidazolinium, pyridine, and pyridinium salts having a single C1 2-C3O alkyl chain can also be used. Very low pH is required to stabilize, e.g., imidazoline ring structures.
• alkyl imidazolinium salts and their imidazoline precursors useful in the present invention have the general formula :
• Y 2 is -C(O)-O-, -O-(O)C-, -C(O)-N(R5)-, or -N(R5)-C(O)- in which R ⁇ is hydrogen or a C1 -C4 alkyl radical; ⁇ is a C 1 -C4 alkyl radical or H (for imidazoline precursors); R? and R ⁇ are each independently selected from R and R 2 as defined hereinbefore for the single-long-chain cationic surfactant with only one being R 2 .
• alkyl pyridinium salts useful in the present invention have the general formula :
• R2 and X- are as defined above.
• a typical material of this type is cetyl pyridinium chloride.
• Suitable nonionic alkoxylated surfactants for use herein include addition products of ethylene oxide and, optionally, propylene oxide, with fatty alcohols, fatty acids and fatty amines.
• Suitable compounds are substantially water-soluble surfactants of the general formula :
• R 2 is selected from primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl and/or acyl hydrocarbyl groups; primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl hydrocarbyl groups; and primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl- and alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyl groups; said hydrocarbyl groups having a hydrocarbyl chain length of up to 20, preferably from 1 0 to 1 8 carbon atoms.
• Y is typically -0-, -C(O)O-, -C(O)N(R)-, or -C(O)N(R)R-, in which R 2 and R, when present, have the meanings given hereinbefore, and/or R can be hydrogen, and z is of from 5 to 50, preferably of from 1 - to 30.
• the nonionic surfactants herein are characterized by an HLB (hydrophilic- lipophilic balance) of from 7 to 20, preferably from 8 to 1 5.
• nonionic surfactants examples include buthionic surfactants
• Alkyl Phenol Alkoxylates such as p-tridecylphenol EO( 1 1 ) and p- pentadecylphenol EO( 1 8), as well as
• Olefinic Alkoxylates and Branched Chain Alkoxylates such as branched chain primary and secondary alcohols which are available from the well- known "OXO" process.
• Suitable amine oxides include those with one alkyl or hydroxyalkyl moiety of 8 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 1 6 carbon atoms, and two alkyl moieties selected from alkyl groups and hydroxyalkyl groups with 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• Examples include dimethyloctylamine oxide, diethyldecylamine oxide, bis- ⁇ 2- hydroxyethyUdodecylamine oxide, dimethyldodecyl-amine oxide, dipropyltetradecylamine oxide, methylethylhexadecylamine oxide, dimethyl- 2-hydroxyoctadecylamine oxide, and coconut fatty alkyl dimethylamine oxide.
• Suitable fatty acids include those containing from 1 2 to 25, preferably from 1 6 to 20 total carbon atoms, with the fatty moiety containing from 10 to 22, preferably from 1 5 to 1 7 (mid cut), carbon atoms.
• a preferred surfactant concentration aid for use herein is a nonionic alkoxylated surfactant.
• such nonionic alkoxylated surfactant will be present in an amount of 0.01 % to 1 0% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 2% by weight of the composition.
• the composition of the invention has a weight ratio of amino-functional polymer to nonionic alkoxylated surfactant of from 500: 1 to 0.5: 1 , preferably of from 30: 1 to 1 : 1 .
• Inorganic viscosity control agents which can also act like or augment the effect of the surfactant concentration aids, include water-soluble, ionizable salts which can also optionally be incorporated into the compositions of the present invention. Incorporation of these components to the composition must be processed at a very slow rate.
• ionizable salts can be used.
• suitable salts are the halides of the Group IA and IIA metals of the Periodic Table of the Elements, e.g., calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium bromide, and lithium chloride.
• the ionizable salts are particularly useful during the process of mixing the ingredients to make the compositions herein, and later to obtain the desired viscosity.
• the amount of ionizable salts used depends on the amount of active ingredients used in the compositions and can be adjusted according to the desires of the formulator. Typical levels of salts used to control the composition viscosity are from 20 to 20,000 parts per million (ppm), preferably from 20 to 1 1 ,000 ppm, by weight of the composition.
• Alkylene polyammonium salts can be incorporated into the composition to give viscosity control in addition to or in place of the water-soluble, ionizable salts above.
• these agents can act as scavengers, forming ion pairs with anionic detergent carried over from the main wash, in the rinse, and on the fabrics, and may improve softness performance. These agents may stabilise the viscosity over a broader range of temperature, especially at low temperatures, compared to the inorganic electrolytes.
• alkylene polyammonium salts include l-lysine monohydrochloride and 1 ,5-diammonium 2-methyl pentane dihydrochloride.
• Suitable liquid carriers are selected from water, organic solvents and mixtures thereof.
• the liquid carrier employed in the instant compositions is preferably at least primarily water due to its low cost relative availability, safety, and environmental compatibility.
• the level of water in the liquid carrier is preferably at least 50%, most preferably at least 60%, by weight of the carrier.
• Mixtures of water and low molecular weight, e.g., ⁇ 200, organic solvent, e.g., lower alcohol such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol or butanol are useful as the carrier liquid.
• Low molecular weight alcohols include monohydric, dihydric (glycol, etc.) trihydric (glycerol, etc.), and higher polyhydric (polyols) alcohols.
• a method for providing color care to fabrics upon domestic laundering treatment which comprises the step of contacting the fabrics with an aqueous medium comprising a composition as defined hereinbefore.
• said aqueous medium is at a temperature between 2°C to 40°C, more preferably between 5°C to 25° C.
• the composition of the invention may be applied on a substrate, such as a dryer-sheet.
• a method for providing color care on treated fabrics upon domestic treatment which comprises the step of contacting the fabrics with a composition as defined hereinbefore, wherein said composition is applied on a substrate, preferably a dryer-sheet.
• the compositions are used in tumble-drying processes.
• color care is meant that fabrics which have been in contact with an aqueous solution of a composition comprising a combination of a dye fixing agent and an amino-functional polymer, as defined hereinbefore, and after, and/or prior and/or simultaneously washed with a detergent composition exhibit a better fabric color appearance compared to fabrics which have not been contacted with said composition.
• compositions of the invention are suitable for use in different applications such as a pre-treatment composition prior to the laundering of the fabrics, as a wash additive, as a composition suitable for use in the rinse-cycle of the laundry cycle or applied on a dryer-sheet.
• the compositions of the invention may also be in a spray, foam, or aerosol form which for example can be suitable for use while ironing, or applied on the surfaces of the tumble dryer.
• the color care benefit may either be assessed visually or by determination of the so-called delta-E values.
• PSU panel score unit
• Delta E is the computed color difference as defined in ASTM D2244, i.e the magnitude and direction of the difference between two psychophysical color stimuli defined by tristimulus values, or by chromaticity coordinates and luminance factor, as computed by means of a specified set of color-difference equations defined in the CIE 1 976 CIELAB opponent-color space, the Hunter opponent-color space, the Friele- Mac Adam-Chickering color space or any equivalent color space.
• DEQA Di-(tallowyl-oxy-ethyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride DOEQA Di-(oleyloxyethyl) dimethyl ammonium methylsulfate
• DTDMAC Ditallow dimethylammonium chloride
• DHEQA Di-(soft-tallowyl-oxy-ethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate
• Dye Fix 1 Cationic dye fixing agent (50% active) available under the tradename Tinofix Eco from Ciba-Geigy Dye Fix 2 Emulsified cationic dye fixative (30% active) available under the tradename Rewin SRF-O from CHT-Beitlich
• the ethoxylation is conducted in a 2 gallon stirred stainless steel autoclave equipped for temperature measurement and control, pressure measurement, vacuum and inert gas purging, sampling, and for introduction of ethylene oxide as a liquid.
• a - 20 lb. net cylinder of ethylene oxide (ARC) is set up to deliver ethylene oxide as a liquid by a pump to the autoclave with the cylinder placed on a scale so that the weight change of the cylinder could be monitored.
• PEI polyethyleneimine
• the autoclave is then sealed and purged of air (by applying vacuum to minus 28" Hg followed by pressurization with nitrogen to 250 psia, then venting to atmospheric pressure).
• the autoclave contents are heated to 1 30 °C while applying vacuum.
• the autoclave is charged with nitrogen to about 250 psia while cooling the autoclave to about 105 °C.
• Ethylene oxide is then added to the autoclave incrementally over time while closely monitoring the autoclave pressure, temperature, and ethylene oxide flow rate.
• the ethylene oxide pump is turned off and cooling is applied to limit any temperature increase resulting from any reaction exotherm.
• the temperature is maintained between 100°C and 1 10°C while the total pressure is allowed to gradually increase during the course of the reaction.
• After a total of 750 grams of ethylene oxide has been charged to the autoclave (roughly equivalent to one mole ethylene oxide per PEI nitrogen function), the temperature is increased to 1 10°C and the autoclave is allowed to stir for an additional hour. At this point, vacuum is applied to remove any residual unreacted ethylene oxide.
• reaction mixture is then deodorized by passing about 1 00 cu. ft. of inert gas (argon or nitrogen) through a gas dispersion frit and through the reaction mixture while agitating and heating the mixture to 1 30°C.
• inert gas argon or nitrogen
• the final reaction product is cooled slightly and collected in glass containers purged with nitrogen.
• Step A and B If a PEI 1800 E7 is desired, the following step of catalyst addition will be included between Step A and B.
• Vacuum is continuously applied while the autoclave is cooled to about 50°C while introducing 376g of a 25% sodium methoxide in methanol solution
• the methoxide solution is sucked into the autoclave under vacuum and then the autoclave temperature controller setpoint is increased to 1 30°C.
• a device is used to monitor the power consumed by the agitator.
• the agitator power is monitored along with the temperature and pressure. Agitator power and temperature values gradually increase as methanol is removed from the autoclave and the viscosity of the mixture increases and stabilizes in about 1 hour indicating that most of the methanol has been removed.
• the mixture is further heated and agitated under vacuum for an additional 30 minutes.
• Vacuum is removed and the autoclave is cooled to 105°C while it is being charged with nitrogen to 250 psia and then vented to ambient pressure.
• the autoclave is charged to 200 psia with nitrogen.
• Ethylene oxide is again added to the autoclave incrementally as before while closely monitoring the autoclave pressure, temperature, and ethylene oxide flow rate while maintaining the temperature between 1 00°C and 1 10°C and limiting any temperature increases due to reaction exotherm.
• 4,500g of ethylene oxide resulting in a total of 7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of PEI nitrogen function
• the temperature is increased to 1 10°C and the mixture stirred for an additional hour.
• reaction mixture is then collected in nitrogen purged containers and eventually transferred into a 22 L three neck round bottomed flask equipped with heating and agitation.
• the strong alkali catalyst is neutralized by adding 1 67 g methanesulfonic acid (1 .74 moles).
• a ⁇ C-NMR (D2O) spectrum shows the absence of a peak at ⁇ 58ppm corresponding to dimethyl sulfate.
• a ⁇ H-NMR (D2O) spectrum shows the partial shifting of the peak at 2.5ppm (methylenes attached to unquaternized nitrogens) to — 3.0ppm.
• the flask is stoppered, and after an initial exotherm the solution is stirred at room temperature overnight.
• a ⁇ H-NMR (D2O) spectrum shows the total shifting of the methylene peaks at 2.5-3.0ppm to ⁇ 3.5ppm.
• To the solution is added ⁇ 5g of 0.5% Pd on alumina pellets, and the solution is allowed to stand at room temperature for - 3 days.
• Peroxide indicator paper shows that no peroxide is left in the system. The material is stored as a 46.5% solution in water.
• the resonances ascribed to methylene protons adjacent to unoxidized nitrogens have shifted from the original position at - 2.5 ppm to - 3.5 ppm.
• To the reaction solution is added approximately 5 g of 0.5% Pd on alumina pellets, and the solution is allowed to stand at room temperature for approximately 3 days. The solution is tested and found to be negative for peroxide by indicator paper.
• the material as obtained is suitably stored as a 51 .1 % active solution in water.
• the ethoxylation is conducted in a 2 gallon stirred stainless steel autoclave equipped for temperature measurement and control, pressure measurement, vacuum and inert gas purging, sampling, and for introduction of ethylene oxide as a liquid.
• a - 20 lb. net cylinder of ethylene oxide (ARC) is set up to deliver ethylene oxide as a liquid by a pump to the autoclave with the cylinder placed on a scale so that the weight change of the cylinder could be monitored.
• PEI polyethyleneimine
• the autoclave is then sealed and purged of air (by applying vacuum to minus 28" Hg followed by pressurization with nitrogen to 250 psia, then venting to atmospheric pressure).
• the autoclave contents are heated to 1 30°C while applying vacuum.
• the autoclave is charged with nitrogen to about 250 psia while cooling the autoclave to about 105°C.
• Ethylene oxide is then added to the autoclave incrementally over time while closely monitoring the autoclave pressure, temperature, and ethylene oxide flow rate.
• the ethylene oxide pump is turned off and cooling is applied to limit any temperature increase resulting from any reaction exotherm.
• the temperature is maintained between 100°C and 1 10°C while the total pressure is allowed to gradually increase during the course of the reaction.
• reaction mixture is then deodorized by passing about 100 cu. ft. of inert gas (argon or nitrogen) through a gas dispersion frit and through the reaction mixture while agitating and heating the mixture to 1 30°C.
• inert gas argon or nitrogen
• the final reaction product is cooled slightly and collected in glass containers purged with nitrogen.
• Step A If a PEI 1 200 E7 is desired, the following step of catalyst addition will be included between Step A and B.
• Vacuum is continuously applied while the autoclave is cooled to about 50°C while introducing 376g of a 25% sodium methoxide in methanol solution ( 1 .74 moles, to achieve a 10% catalyst loading based upon PEI nitrogen functions).
• the methoxide solution is sucked into the autoclave under vacuum and then the autoclave temperature controller setpoint is increased to 130°C.
• a device is used to monitor the power consumed by the agitator.
• the agitator power is monitored along with the temperature and pressure. Agitator power and temperature values gradually increase as methanol is removed from the autoclave and the viscosity of the mixture increases and stabilizes in about 1 hour indicating that most of the methanol has been removed.
• the mixture is further heated and agitated under vacuum for an additional 30 minutes.
• Vacuum is removed and the autoclave is cooled to 1 05°C while it is being charged with nitrogen to 250 psia and then vented to ambient pressure.
• the autoclave is charged to 200 psia with nitrogen.
• Ethylene oxide is again added to the autoclave incrementally as before while closely monitoring the autoclave pressure, temperature, and ethylene oxide flow rate while maintaining the temperature between 100°C and 1 10°C and limiting any temperature increases due to reaction exotherm.
• 4,500g of ethylene oxide resulting in a total of 7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of PEI nitrogen function
• the temperature is increased to 1 1 0°C and the mixture stirred for an additional hour.
• reaction mixture is then collected in nitrogen purged containers and eventually transferred into a 22 L three neck round bottomed flask equipped with heating and agitation.
• the strong alkali catalyst is neutralized by adding 1 67g methanesulfonic acid ( 1 .74 moles).
• PEI 1 200 E1 5 and PEI 1200 E20 can be prepared by the above method by adjusting the reaction time and the relative amount of ethylene oxide used in the reaction.
• the flask is stoppered, and after an initial exotherm the solution is stirred at room temperature overnight.
• a ⁇ H-NMR (D2O) spectrum shows the total shifting of the methylene peaks at 2.5-3.0ppm to ⁇ 3.5ppm.
• Example 2 The following compositions for use as dryer-added sheets are in accordance with the invention.

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• 1996
  • 1996-09-19 WO PCT/US1996/015052 patent/WO1998012295A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1996-09-19 AU AU71627/96A patent/AU7162796A/en not_active Abandoned
• 1997
  • 1997-09-18 BR BR9713203-9A patent/BR9713203A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-09-18 AR ARP970104292A patent/AR009089A1/es unknown
  • 1997-09-18 WO PCT/US1997/016546 patent/WO1998012296A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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  • 1997-09-18 JP JP10514865A patent/JP2000503063A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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