WO1997042411A1

WO1997042411A1 - Reciprocating compressor

Info

Publication number: WO1997042411A1
Application number: PCT/JP1996/001216
Authority: WO
Inventors: Masafumi Kato; Akichika Ito
Original assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho
Priority date: 1996-05-08
Filing date: 1996-05-08
Publication date: 1997-11-13
Also published as: DE69630689T2; EP0838590B1; KR100312933B1; DE69630689D1; EP0838590A4; KR19990028773A; EP0838590A1

Abstract

A compressor is provided with cylinder blocks (30, 31) having cylinder bores (41, 42). A driving shaft (39) is supported rotatably on the cylinder blocks (30, 31). A swash plate (40) is fixed to the driving shaft (39) so that the swash plate can be rotated unitarily with the shaft. A piston (1) is held slidably in the cylinder bores (41, 42). Shoes (44) are provided slidably between the piston (1) and swash plate (40). The rotation of the swash plate (40) causes the shoes to reciprocate the piston. The piston (1) comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a base material. The piston (1) is provided with recesses (2) for retaining the shoes (44) slidably. The retaining recesses (2) are provided with a covering layer (6) formed out of tin as a main component.

Description

Harm

Reciprocating compressor technical field

The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor that converts the rotation of a driving pong into a reciprocating motion of a biston via a cam, and more specifically, reduces a sliding resistance generated at a link between a cam and a piston. It is related to the structure to perform. Background art

Generally, for example, a reciprocating compressor as shown in FIG. 10 is known as a compressor used for an air conditioner of an automobile or the like. This compressor includes a pair of cylinder blocks 30 and 31 joined to each other. The swash plate chamber 32 is formed between the two cylinder blocks 30 and 31. Housings 35.36 are joined to the outer end surfaces of the cylinder blocks 30 and 31 via valve plates 33 and 34, respectively. The suction chamber 36 and the discharge chamber 37 are formed between the valve plates 33, 34 and the housings 35, 36.

The drive shaft 39 is rotatably supported by the cylinder blocks 30 and 31. The swash plate 40 as a force is fixed to the drive shaft 39 in the swash plate chamber 32. A plurality of pairs of cylinder bores 41 and 42 are formed in each of the cylinder blocks 30 and 31 around the drive shaft 39. The double-headed bistone 43 is accommodated in each pair of cylinder bores 41 and 42, respectively. Show 44 as a cam follower is arranged between swash plate 40 and piston 43. The shroud 44 has an engaging surface 45 slidingly contacting the front and rear surfaces of the swash plate 40, and a spherical surface 47 slidably engaged with the holding recess 46 of the piston 43. .

In the above-described compressor, when the swash plate 40 rotates with the rotation of the drive shaft 39, the piston 43 is moved into the cylinder bore 41.42 through the shower 44 by the action of the swash plate 40. To reciprocate. At this time, refrigerant gas is sucked from the suction chamber 37 into the cylinder bore 41.42 as the biston 43 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. Then, with the movement of the biston 4 3 from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, it is sucked into the cylinder bore 41.42. The compressed refrigerant gas is compressed and discharged to the discharge chamber 38.

In general, in order to increase the discharge capacity of the compressor, it is conceivable to enlarge the cylinder bores 41 and 42 and to enlarge the piston 43, the swash plate 40 and the shower 44 accordingly. Can be Normally, the buttons 43 and the swash plate 40 are made of a lightweight aluminum alloy or the like, but the same kind of metal is liable to seize due to sliding. For this reason, the shower 44 arranged between the piston 43 and the swash plate 40 is formed of an iron-based metal in order to prevent seizure with the piston 43 and the swash plate 40. You. However, since ferrous metals have a large specific gravity, the size S of the compressor increases the weight S of the entire compressor.

It is assumed that, in order to increase the discharge capacity, only the bistone 43 and the swash plate 40 are enlarged without changing the size of the sleeve 44. However, when the discharge capacity increases, the load acting on the swash plate 40 from the piston 43 via the shower 44 also increases. For this reason, if only the size of the shower 44 is the same, the load per unit area acting on the spherical surface 47 and the sliding contact surface 45 of the shower 44 increases. As a result, the finger movement resistance between the spherical surface 47 of the shower 44 and the holding concave portion 46 of the piston 43 and the sliding motion between the sliding surface 45 of the shoe 44 and the swash plate 40 are described. The resistance between them increases.

When the sliding resistance between the spherical surface 47 of the sleeve 44 and the holding recess 46 of the piston 43 increases, the shower 44 can move smoothly along the inner surface of the holding recess 46. No longer. Since the shower 4 is moved in the holding recess 46 by the swash plate 40, if the shower 4 does not move smoothly, it acts between the sliding contact surface 45 of the shower 4 and the swash plate 40. The load increases, and the sliding resistance between the sliding contact surface 45 and the swash plate 40 further increases. In the above compressor, the refrigerant gas from the external refrigerant circuit is introduced into the suction chamber 37 through the swash plate chamber 32. When the refrigerant gas is introduced into the swash plate chamber 32, each mechanism in the swash plate chamber 32 is cooled, and the pulsation generated due to the suction of the refrigerant gas into the cylinder bore 41.42. Is prevented. However, at present, the question S of the destruction of put that Ozon layer formed騸國, do not contain chlorine in the molecule _{R 1 3 4 a (CF 3} CH ^ F) is employed as the refrigerant gas. Chlorine has properties as an extreme pressure additive. Extreme pressure additives are substances that form a metal compound film by reacting with the surface of a metal and have the effect of reducing frictional resistance. Introduced into the swash plate room 32 When the coolant gas that has washed away the lubricating oil remaining on the surface of the swash plate 40 or the like due to its own cleaning action, the screws 43 that come into contact with the shower 44 and the shoe 44 are removed. Lubrication between the swash plate 40 and the swash plate 40 is not performed well. In such a case, if chlorine acting as an extreme pressure additive is not present in the molecules of the refrigerant gas, the sliding resistance becomes very large.

An object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating compressor that can reduce sliding resistance generated at a connection between a cam and a piston. Disclosure of the invention

In order to achieve the above object, a compressor of the present invention includes a cylinder block having a cylinder bore. The drive shaft is rotatably supported by the cylinder block. The cam is mounted on the drive shaft so that it can rotate integrally. The piston is housed in a cylinder bore with a sliding eye. The cam follower is slidably disposed between the piston and the cam. With the rotation of the cam, the piston reciprocates via the force follower. Bistone is formed using aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a base material. The piston includes a holding portion that slidably holds the cam follower. The holding section of the piston is provided with an S layer mainly composed of tin.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the sliding resistance between the retaining portion of the piston and the cam follower is reduced by the coating layer provided on the retaining portion of the piston. For this reason, the cam follower moves smoothly in the holding part of the biston even if the lubricating oil runs short in the compressor. Therefore, the cam can move the cam follower with a small force. As a result, the load acting between the cam follower and the cam is reduced, and the sliding resistance between the force follower and the cam is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a swash plate type compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a piston according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a principal part of the piston. FIG. 4 is a graph showing measurement results during burn-in B in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a slanting compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the measurement result of the burn-in time in the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a wave-cam type compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a cam follower according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a swash plate according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional swash plate type compressor. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(First Embodiment)

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a swash plate type compressor embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the mechanical configuration of the compressor of the first embodiment is almost the same as the compressor shown in FIG. 10 described in the background art. Therefore, here, the same members as those of the compressor shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the portions different from the compressor of FIG. 10 will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the compressor of the present embodiment is different from the compressor shown in FIG. 10 in that a piston 1 having a coating S 6 mainly composed of tin is formed on the entire surface. Have. The piston 1 includes a pair of holding concave portions 2 that slidably hold the spherical surface 47 of the shower 44.

The piston 1 is composed of a main body 5 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a base material, and an employee 6 formed on the entire surface of the main body 5. As the aluminum alloy, for example, A 1 —Si based alloy and 、 1 —Si—Cu based alloy can be suitably used. In particular, the base material of the main body 5 is preferably an aluminum alloy containing hard particles. A typical example of such an aluminum alloy is an aluminum-high silicon alloy. Aluminum-high silicon alloy contains about 10 to 30% by weight of silicon. Make sure that the aluminum-silicon alloy has a eutectic composition or less. With a high silicon content, silicon exists as eutectic silicon (that is, hard s particles). In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the body 5 of the piston 1 is formed using an aluminum-high silicon alloy 4 containing 12% by weight of silicon 3 as a base material.

Other materials containing hard particles include A 1 -M n intermetallic compound, A] S i -M n intermetallic compound, A 1 -Fe-M n intermetallic compound, A 1 -Cr There are intermetallic compounds, and these may be used as a base material of the main body 5.

Further, in the first embodiment, the case 44 is formed of SUJ2 material (high carbon chromium bearing steel) specified by JIS, and the swash plate 40 is formed of aluminum-high silicon alloy. I have.

As the biston 1 used in the compressor of the first embodiment, for example, it is possible to appropriately select and use one having various cover layers 6 shown in the following Examples 1 to 4. Hereinafter, the piston 1 of Example 1 to Example 1 will be sequentially described. The pistons 1 of Examples I to II have the same configuration of the main body 5 and are different only in the configuration of the coating layer 6.

(Example ②)

Bistone 1 of Example 2 has a coating layer 6 composed of a tin-copper tin-copper plating layer. This coating layer 6 is formed as follows. That is, an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate and 0.012% by weight of copper gluconate is maintained at 60 to 80 ° C., and the entire body 5 of bistone 1 is contained in the aqueous solution. After being pickled for about 3 minutes, the surface of the main body 5 is subjected to insolubility. Thereafter, the main body 5 is taken out of the aqueous solution and washed with water. As a result, tin and the net are eutectoidally plated on the entire surface of the steel 1 including the holding concave portion 2 which is in sliding contact with the case 44, and the coating layer 6 is formed. The coating layer 6 has a composition containing 97% of tin and 3% by weight of copper, and its thickness is set at 1.2 m.

(Example ②)

The piston 1 of Example 1 has a coating layer 6 made of a eutectoid layer of tin and nickel. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate and 0.055% S% of nickel chloride, the holding M part 2 is included in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Tin and nickel are applied to the entire surface of the piston 1 to form a coating layer 6. This coating layer 6 has a composition containing 98% by weight of tin and 2% by weight of nickel, and has a thickness of 1 μm.

(Example ③)

Piston 1 in Example ③ has a toughness 6 consisting of eutectoid metal β of tin and zinc. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of calcium stannate and 0.055% by weight of zinc sulfate, the surface of the bismuth 1 including the holding concave portion 2 was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 above. As a whole, tin and zinc are eutectoidally plated to form a worker 6. The S 6 to be coated has a composition containing 97% by weight of tin and triplet of zinc, and its thickness can be reduced to 1 / m.

(Example ②)

Example 1 has an a-layer 6 composed of an eutectoid plating layer of tin and lead.

. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate and 0.007% by weight of lead sulfate, the piston 1 including the holding recess 2 was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Tin and lead are eutectoidally deposited on the entire surface to form the coating layer 6. This covering eyebrow 6 has a composition containing 95% of the contact area and quintuple lead, and its thickness is 2.

(Example ②)

Piston 1 of Example 1 has a coating layer 6 composed of a eutectoid mesolayer of tin and indium. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate and 0.055% by weight of indium sulfate, in the same manner as in Example 1 above, the bismuth 1 containing the holding recess 2 was used. Tin and indium are eutectoidally deposited on the entire surface of the steel sheet to form a coating 6. The coating layer 6 has a composition containing 97% by weight of tin and 3% by weight of indium, and has a thickness of:

(Example ②)

Example 1 has a boss 6 consisting of tin-only hiring. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of sulfuric acid potassium, in the same manner as in Example 1 above, the entire surface of the piston 1 including the holding recess 2 was covered with a tin-only metal. A layer 6 consisting of layers is formed. The thickness of the coating layer 6 is 1. (Example ②)

Bistone 1 of Example 1 has a coating layer 6 containing a fluorine resin powder as a solid lubricant on a eutectoid layer of tin and copper. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium carbonate, 0.003% by weight of copper dalconate and 1.0% by weight of a fluororesin powder, the retention was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 above. On the entire surface of the piston 1 including the concave portion 2, an ai-extension 6 including a fluorine resin powder in a co-folded pattern of tin and copper is formed. This layer 6 has a composition containing 99% by weight of tin, 0.9% by weight of copper and 0.1% by weight of fluorinated resin powder, and has a thickness of 1.4 μm. π.

(Example ②)

Example 1 has a coating layer 6 composed of an eutectoid metal layer of tin and copper as in Example 1 above. after the coating layer 6 is made form by 1 hour heat treatment at a temperature of 1 5 0 ^D C is subjected to the coating layer 6.

(Example ②)

Piston 1 in Example I has a coating 6 consisting of a eutectoid metal brow of tin and net and zinc. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate, 0.003% of copper gluconate and 0.003% by weight of zinc sulfate, the retention was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 above. On the entire surface of the piston 1 including the recess 2, a coating layer 6 made of eutectoid metal shield of tin, 鋦 and zinc is formed. The coating layer 6 has a composition of 97% by weight of tin, 1.5% by weight of copper and 1.5% by weight of zinc, and has a thickness of 1.2 m.

The inventors of the present application conducted the following tests in order to confirm the anti-seizure performance of each of the compressors incorporating the above-mentioned examples 1 to 4. In this test, the swash plate 40 and the shroud 44 were used when each compressor incorporated in the vehicle air conditioner was operated under severe operating conditions (the state where lubricating oil was not present in the compressor). It measures the time it takes to burn. In this test, each compressor was operated continuously at a suction pressure of -0.5 kg / cm ^z , a discharge pressure of 3 kg / cm ² , and a rotation speed of the drive shaft 39 of l OOO rpm. In this test, a compressor made of SUJ2 material specified in JIS was used as a compressor shroud 44, and aluminum was used as the compressor swash plate 40. An alloy formed of an alloy was used. In addition, At the time of the test, bistons formed only of aluminum-high-silicon alloy 4 containing silicon 3 at 12% by weight, that is, bistons without the coating layer 6 were prepared as specific examples. A similar test was performed on a compressor incorporating this piston. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of this test. The test results shown in Fig. 4 show that the compressor adopting Biston 1 of Examples 1 to 4 above, which has the Hebrew calendar 6, is more severely used than the compressor employing Biston of Comparative Example. This shows that the gap between the swash plate and the swash plate is hard to occur even under the conditions. In particular, it can be seen that the compressor employing the example 1 with the 3! Layer 6 composed of the co-folded metal layer of tin and the net is most effective in the anti-seizure performance.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the expression 6 mainly composed of 鎘 is formed on the surface of the piston i.鎢 is a substance having a self-lubricating action. For this reason, the sliding resistance between the holding recess 2 of the piston 1 and the spherical surface 47 of the shoe 44 is reduced, and even if the lubricating oil runs short in the compressor, the sliding resistance is reduced. 4 moves smoothly along the inner surface of the holding recess 2. Therefore, the swash plate 40 can move the shower 4 in the holding recess 2 with a small force. As a result, the load acting between the sliding contact surface 45 of the shoe 44 and the swash plate 40 is reduced, and the sliding resistance between the sliding contact surface 45 and the swash plate 40 is reduced. . For this reason, when increasing the discharge capacity of the compressor, even if only the piston 1 and the swash plate 40 are enlarged without changing the size of the shower 44, the sliding resistance is reduced. No big problem.

The covering eyebrow 6 is formed on the entire surface of the piston 1. For this reason, sliding resistance between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore 41.42 is reduced, and the piston 1 can move smoothly in the cylinder bores 41,42.

By including at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, zinc, ships, and indium in the tin-based coating IS6, the steel S6 can be densified, The hard metal compound is dispersed in the covering eyebrows 6 and the covering layer 6 is strengthened. The withering, the reduction of the coefficient of friction and the improvement of the abrasion resistance can be further improved. For example, when copper is contained in an employee 6 mainly composed of tin, the coating layer 6 is densified, and the hard tin compound (CueSn 5) is added to the layer 3! Dispersed in The coating layer 6 is strengthened.

The cover 6 is formed by the chemical mechanics method. According to the chemical plating method, tin and other metals such as copper can be easily co-deposited, and a solid lubricant such as a fluororesin powder can be easily coated in the coating S6. Can be captured.

(Second embodiment)

Next, a second embodiment of a swash plate compressor embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The mechanical configuration of the compressor according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the compressor illustrated in FIG. 10 described in the background art. Therefore, here, the same members as those of the compressor shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the portions different from the compressor of FIG. 10 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5, the compressor of the present embodiment is different from the compressor shown in FIG. 10 in that the compressor is provided with a shower 7 on the entire surface of which the SIS 11 mainly composed of tin is formed. . The main body 12 of the shower 7 is formed of SUJ2 material specified by JIS. The shoe 7 has a spherical surface 8 slidably engaged with the holding concave portion 46 of the piston 43 and a sliding contact surface 10 sliding on front and rear surfaces of the swash plate 40. The spherical surface 8 of the show 7 has a spherical portion 9 having a radius larger than that of the other portion at a substantially central portion thereof. An oil reservoir for retaining the lubricating oil is formed between the spherical surface 9 and the holding recess 46 of the piston 43. The sliding contact surface 10 of the case 7 has a slightly bulged shape, so that lubricating oil can easily enter between the sliding contact surface 10 and the swash plate 40. In the second embodiment, the swash plate 40 and the piston 43 are formed of an aluminum-high silicon alloy.

As the shower 7 used in the compressor of the second embodiment, for example, it is possible to appropriately select and use one having various covering eyebrows 11 shown in the following Examples I to II. Hereinafter, the example 7 to example 7 will be sequentially described. It should be noted that in the case of Examples 7 to 7, the configurations of the main bodies 12 are all the same, and only the configuration of the covering IS 11 is different.

(Example ②)

Example 7 has a restoration 11 consisting of an eutectoid plating layer of tin and copper. This layer 31 is formed as follows. That is, 6% S% potassium anchorate Then, the main body 12 of the shroud 17 is immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.01% double S% of copper gluconate. In this state, while the main body 12 is connected to the negative electrode, the positive electrode is formed by a metal rod having a high ionization tendency. Then, when a predetermined voltage is applied between both electrodes using the aqueous solution as a lysate, tin and copper are bent out by the electrolytic action and adhere to the surface of the main body 12. Then, the main body 12 is taken out of the aqueous solution and washed. As a result, eutectoid plating of tin and copper is performed on the entire surface of the shower 7 to form an S-brows 11. The surface of the post-mesh-processed shoe 17 is polished in consideration of the clearance between the swash plate 40 and the steel 43 on which the shoe 17 is to be placed, and a uniform surface S 1 1 is formed. The layer 11 has a composition containing 97% by weight of copper and 3% by weight of copper, and has a thickness of 1.2 wm.

(Example ②)

Example 7 has a 5IS 11 which is made of eutectoid metal plating of 錕 and nickel. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing potassium stannate of 6 S and 0.05 S% of nickel chloride, a pot was formed on the entire surface of the case 7 in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Nickel and eutectoid plating are performed to form the coating layer 11. The coating layer 11 has a composition containing 98% by weight of tin and double 悬% of Nigel, and its thickness is formed to 1 by performing surface polishing.

(Example ③)

Show 7 in Example ③ has a coating layer 11 consisting of a eutectoid Mek calendar of tin and zinc. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of calcium stannate and 0.005% by weight of zinc sulfate, tin and zinc were applied to the entire surface of the case 7 in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Is subjected to eutectoid plating to form a coating 11. The extension 11 has a composition containing 97% by weight of a bird and 3% by weight of zinc, and its thickness is formed to 1 m by surface polishing.

(Example ②)

Example show 7 has a sphere 11 of eutectoid plating of tin and lead. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate and 0.07% by weight of lead sulfate, tin was applied to the entire surface of the case 7 in the same manner as in Example 1 above. The ship and the ship are subjected to a joint plating to form a coating layer 11. This wave ¾ eyebrow 1 1 is 9 5 layers S% It has a composition containing tin and 5% by weight of lead, and its thickness is formed to 2 m by surface polishing.

(Example ②)

Example 7 has a coated eyebrow 11 consisting of a eutectoid mexium layer of tin and zinc. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate and 0.055% by weight of indium sulfate, the entire surface of the case 7 was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Tin and the alloy are eutectoidally plated to form an overlying eyebrow 11. The upper eyebrows i 1 have a composition containing 97% by weight of tin and 3% by weight of zinc, and are formed to a thickness of 1 m by surface polishing.

(Summary)

Show 7 of Example 1 has a coating layer 11 consisting of tinned eyebrows. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium stannate, the entire surface of the shell 7 was formed of a tin-only plating layer in the same manner as in Example 1 above. 1 is formed. The thickness of the S layer 11 is formed to 1.5 wm by surface polishing.

(Example ②)

Show 7 in Example I has a coating 11 comprising molybdenum disulfide powder as a solid lubricant in the eutectoid calendar of tin and copper. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6-fold lithium stannate, 0.003% by weight of copper dalconate, and 1.0% by weight of molybdenum disulfide powder, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. Thus, a coating layer 11 containing molybdenum disulfide powder on the eutectoid plating layer of tin and sea bream is formed on the entire surface of the shell 7. The coating layer 11 has a composition containing 99% by weight of tin, 0.9% by weight of copper, and 0.1% by weight of molybdenum disulfide powder, and the thickness of the coating layer should be polished. Is formed to 1.4 m.

(Example ②)

Show 7 of Example I has a coating layer 11 consisting of a eutectoid plating layer of tin and copper, as in Example I above, but is similar to Example II. After the formation of the substrate 11 and the surface polishing of the coating layer 11 are performed, the coating 11 is subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of 150 ° C. for 1 hour. (Example ②)

Example 7 has a covering 11 made of eutectoid metal of tin, copper and zinc. That is, by using an aqueous solution containing 6% by weight of potassium sulfate, 0.003% by weight of copper gluconate and 0.003% by weight of zinc sulfate, the same manner as in Example 1 above was used. On the entire surface of the steel plate 17, a restoration 11 made of eutectoid plating of tin, copper and zinc is formed. This layer 11 has a composition containing 97% by weight of tin, 1.5% by weight of copper and 1.5% by weight of fl.sub.%, And its thickness is obtained by polishing the surface. It is formed to 1.2 m.

The inventors of the present application conducted the following tests in order to confirm the anti-seizure performance of each of the compressors incorporating the above-described examples 7 to 7. In this test, the swash plate 40 and the swash plate 7 were tested when each compressor incorporated in the vehicle air-conditioning unit fi was operated under severe operating conditions (prone with no lubricating oil in the compressor). The time it takes for the to burn is measured. In this test, each compressor had a suction pressure of -0.5 kg

The continuous operation was performed under the condition that the rotation speed of the IS moving sleeve 39 was 100 rpm. In this test, the compressor swash plate 40 and the piston 43 were formed of aluminum-high-silicon alloy. In addition, in this test, a show made of only SUJ2 material, that is, a show with no 3D expansion 11 was prepared as an example of specific drawing, and a similar test was performed on a compressor incorporating this shroud. Was done.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the results of this test. The test results shown in Fig. 6 show that the compressor adopting the above-described examples 7 to 7 having the restored 11 is more severe than the compressor employing the comparative example. This shows that seizure between the case 7 and the swash plate 40 is unlikely to occur even under various use conditions. In particular, it can be seen that the compressor employing the shroud 17 of Example 2 provided with the S layer 11 made of tin and copper co-folded metal shoes has the best anti-seizure performance.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the coating layer 1 mainly composed of 錤 is formed on the surface of the shower 7. Therefore, the sliding resistance between the holding portion 46 of the piston 43 and the spherical surface 8 of the shower 7 is reduced, and the sliding resistance between the swash plate 40 and the sliding contact surface 10 of the shower 7 is reduced. Sliding resistance is reduced. Therefore, there is a shortage of lubricating oil in the compressor. Even in the case where the swash plate 40 and the piston 43 are displaced, the slidability between the swash plate 40 and the piston 43 in the communication is maintained well, and the sliding resistance generated at the connection portion is suppressed.

The shower 7 smoothly moves along the inner surface of the holding recess 46 of the piston 43 by the action of the calendar 11 provided on the spherical surface 8. As a result, the load acting between the sliding contact surface 10 of the shoe 7 and the swash plate 40 is reduced, and the sliding resistance between the sliding contact surface 10 and the swash plate 40 is also reduced. Is low. Since the layer 11 is also provided on the sliding surface 10 which has been closed, the sliding resistance between the sliding surface 10 and the swash plate 40 is further reduced. For this reason, as in the first embodiment, when increasing the discharge capacity of the compressor, it is assumed that only the piston 43 and the swash plate 40 are enlarged without changing the size of the housing 7. However, there is no problem due to the large sliding resistance.

Tin not only has excellent lubrication performance but also has the effect of preventing 銪, so if a coating とする 11 mainly composed of tin is formed on the surface of However, it is also possible to protect the case 7 from 婧.

The function and effect produced by including other metals such as 鐧 in the S! Calendar 11 mainly composed of tin are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be embodied by changing the configuration of each unit as follows, for example.

(1) In the first and second embodiments, the present invention is embodied by the double-headed piston type swash plate type compressor. For example, the single-headed piston type swash plate type compressor, the inclination angle of the swash plate The compressor may be embodied by a variable displacement compressor capable of adjusting the discharge volume S in accordance with the change in the pressure, or by a tube-cam type compressor as shown in FIG. In this case, the same members as those of the compressor shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 7, the wave cam compressor includes a wave force 48 having a wave-like force surface instead of the swash plate 40 of the compressor shown in FIG. The sliding surface 45 of the shoe 44 is in sliding contact with the front and rear cam surfaces of the single cam 48.

In such a ゥ -one boom type compressor, the piston 43 reciprocates a plurality of times (twice in FIG. 7) while the driving lux 39 rotates once, and It is necessary to move on the complicated cam surface of the wave cam 48 following the displacement of the cam surface. / JP 121 Therefore, in the wave cam compressor, the sliding between the shaft 44 and the piston 43 and the sliding between the shower 44 and the wave cam 48 are caused by the swash plate compression. It becomes intense compared to the type of machine. Therefore, it is important to reduce the sliding resistance generated at the connection between the wave cam 48 and the piston 43 in order to perform a stable compression operation of the pen-cam type compressor.

In the compressor of FIG. 7, in order to reduce the sliding resistance generated at the connection between the wave cam 48 and the piston 43, the piston 43 was described in the first embodiment. What is necessary is just to change it to biston 1, or to change show 44 to show 7 explained in the second embodiment.

(2) In the above-described first and second embodiments, a substantially hemispherical shrinking member 7.44 is employed as the cam follower. However, instead of the shrinking member 44, a structure using rollers may be employed. Good. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, the cam follower may be constituted by a slipper 13 that slides on the swash plate 40 and a ball 14 that engages with the recess 13 a of the slipper 13. . The ball 14 is slidably engaged with the holding recess 46 of the piston 43. In FIG. 8, the same members as those of the compressor shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In the configuration of FIG. 8, the piston 43 is changed to the piston 1 described in the first embodiment, or at least one of the slipper 13 and the ball 14 is used in the second embodiment. What is necessary is just to apply the cover 11 of step 7.

The configuration of the cam follower shown in FIG. 8 may be applied to the above-described カム -cam type compressor shown in FIG.

(3) In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the swash plate 40 is also provided with a surface 15 mainly made of tin on the sliding contact surface with the shower 44. The composition of the coating 15 may be the same as that of the coating 6 of the piston 1. In this way, the sliding resistance between the swash plate 40 and the shower 44 is further reduced.

Instead of providing the cover layer 15 on the swash plate 40, a coating layer mainly composed of tin may be provided on the rubbing surface 45 of the shower 44. In other words, as the show 7 in the second embodiment, one in which the object 31 被 11 is provided only on the sliding surface 10 is prepared, and this show 7 is used as the show in the first embodiment. May be used. (4) In the first embodiment described above, the calendar 3 is provided only on the holding section 2 of the piston 1.

(5) In the second embodiment, the coating layer 11 is formed by the spherical surface 8 of the shower 7 and the sliding surface.

Provided in only one of 10. When the ai 牖 11 is provided only on the spherical surface 8 of the shoe 17, the employment 15 may be provided on the swash plate 40 as described in (3) above. When the layer 11 is provided only on the sliding contact surface 10 of the show 7, the piston 1 in the first embodiment, that is, the piston 1 provided with the armor 8-6 may be used.

(6) In the first embodiment, prior to forming the piston 6 on the main body 5 of the piston 1, the surface of the main body 5 is subjected to alumite treatment, manganese phosphate treatment, zinc phosphate treatment, or Apply a groundwork such as zinc plating. By doing so, the sliding resistance against the sh-44 is further reduced.

(7) In the above embodiments, the sliding surface 4 5 sliding contact surface 1 0 and Gerhard one 4 4 of the body 1 2 Shiyu -7, forming a layer of aluminum Nasera Mix (A l ₂ 0 3) To do. In this way, the sliding resistance to the swash plate 40 is further reduced.

(8) In the above embodiments, the coexistence ratio of tin and other metals in the coating layers 6 and 11 is appropriately changed according to the target performance of the compressor. For example, when scorpion and copper coexist, it is desirable to change the copper content in the range of 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight. If the copper content is less than 0.1% by weight, the S layer 6,

11 is not sufficiently densified and strengthened, and the effect obtained by containing copper is poor. If the copper content is more than 50% by weight, the self-lubricating effect of (1) cannot be sufficiently exerted, and the sliding resistance increases.

(9) In each of the above embodiments, a carbon powder, a boron nitride powder, or the like is used as the solid spreading agent contained in the coating layers 6 and 11 instead of the fluororesin powder or the molybdenum disulfide powder. thing.

(10) In each of the above embodiments, when forming the employees 6 and 11, the CVD method or the vacuum evaporation method may be used instead of the wet plating method such as the electrolytic plating method or the chemical plating method. Alternatively, a dry plating method such as PVD method of sputtering, ion brazing or the like may be used. When the solid lubricant described in the above (9) is contained in the coatings 6, 11, a composite plating method may be used. (11) In each of the above embodiments, the thickness of the employed employee 6.11 is appropriately changed in the range of 1 to 5 m. If the thickness of the eyebrows 6, 1] is thinner than 1, the coefficient of friction cannot be reduced sufficiently. If the coating layer 6.11 is thicker than 5 μm, strength problems such as separation of the coating layers 6 and 11 may occur.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A cylinder block (30, 31) having a cylinder bore (41, 42) and a drive shaft (30, 31) rotatably supported by the cylinder block (30, 31). 39), a cam (40; 48) rotatably mounted on the drive shaft (39), and a cam slidably accommodated in the cylinder bore (41, 42). A piston (1) and a cam 口 (44; 13; 14) slidably disposed between the piston (1) and the cam (40; 48). In the reciprocating compressor, the piston (1) reciprocates via the cam follower (44; 13; 14) as the cam (40: 48) rotates.

The piston (1) is formed using aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a base material, and a holding portion that slidably holds the cam follower (44; 13.14). A reciprocating compressor equipped with (2) and having his eyebrows (6) mainly made of tin in its holding part (2).

2. A cylinder lock (30, 31) having a cylinder bore (41, 42) and a drive shaft (3, 3) rotatably supported by the cylinder block (30, 31). 9), a cam (40; 48) rotatably mounted on the drive shaft (39) thereof, and a piston accommodated in the cylinder bore (41, 2) so as to be freely slidable. (43) and a cam follower (7; 13.14) slidably disposed between the piston (43) and the cam (40; 48). In a reciprocating compressor in which the piston (43) reciprocates via the cam follower (7; 13, 14) with the rotation of the cam (40; 48),

The cam follower (7; 13, 14) is formed of a ferrous metal as a base material and is slidably held by the biston (43). (8) and a second contact portion (10) that is in sliding contact with the cam (40; 48), and at least the first sliding portion (8) and the second sliding portion (10) are provided. On the other hand, a reciprocating compressor equipped with an S shield (11) mainly made of tin.

3. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the piston (1) includes an outer peripheral surface that is in sliding contact with an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore (41, 42); The layer (6) is a reciprocating compressor also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston (1).

4. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the force (40; 48) includes a sliding portion that slides on the cam follower (44; 13.14). The sliding part is a reciprocating compressor equipped with S 彼 (15) mainly made of tin.

5. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 2, wherein the cam (40; 48) is in sliding contact with a second sliding contact portion (10) of the cam follower (7; 13.14). A sliding contact portion is provided, and the sliding contact portion is provided with a tin-based covering eyebrow (15).

6. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the S eyebrow (6) contains at least one metal selected from copper, nickel, zinc, lead, and indium. Reciprocating compressor.

7. I In the reciprocating compressor according to claim 2, wherein at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, zinc, lead, and zinc is contained in the coating (11). Reciprocating compressor contained.

8. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the cam fo is a shower (44) having a spherical surface (47), and a holding portion of the piston (1) is a shower (44). A reciprocating compressor which is a concave portion (2) for slidably holding a spherical surface (47) of (4).

9. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 2, wherein the cam follower is a show (7) having a substantially hemispherical shape, and the cam (7) has a spherical surface (8) constituting a first sliding contact portion. In addition, the piston (43) is a reciprocating compressor having a recess (46) for slidably holding a spherical surface (8) of a shoe (7).

10. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the coated eyebrows (6) are selected from a fluorine resin powder, a molybdenum disulfide powder, a carbon powder, and a boron nitride powder. A reciprocating compressor containing one type of solid lubricant.

1 1. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 2, wherein s (in is selected from among a fluorine resin powder, a molybdenum disulfide powder, a carbon powder, and a boron nitride powder. reciprocating勦型compressor _n the type of the solid lubricant is contained