Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
  • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
  • F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
  • F16F7/112—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on fluid springs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
  • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
  • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
  • F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
  • F16F7/116—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on metal springs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
  • F16F2230/0052—Physically guiding or influencing

Definitions

• the present invention relates to tuned mass damping devices and more particularly to such dampers which may find use in reducing the periodic motion of elongated structures such as booms.
• the invention may have particular utility with booms mounted on satellites to hold measuring equipment the accuracy of which may be reduced due to the sway of the boom resulting from disturbances such as thermal distortion shock caused by, for example, transient thermal distortions of solar panels.
• the present invention overcomes the problems in the prior art by providing a damper with a mass which is constrained to move in the desired direction. By making the mass cylindrical and positioning it within a housing closely adjacent the mass, motion in the fluid container in only the desired direction is permitted.
• the fluid may be varied to make the vibration tunable and, in fact, the present invention provides for tunable damping without having to change the fluid.
• the tuning of the damping is accomplished by providing a pair of bellows with changeable internal springs therein to change the volumetric stiffness of the bellows and thus provide different characteristics to the fluid expansion and contraction in the chambers surrounding the mass.
• FIG. 1 shows an example of the basic tuned damper of the present invention
• FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention inco ⁇ orating both the fine tuning of damping and reduction of friction with motion ofthe mass.
• a damper 8 comprising a hollow moveable mass 10, slideably mounted in a cylindrical container 12 having a first end piece 14 fastened to cylinder 12 by conventional means, such as bolts, not shown and sealed to prevent fluid loss by a grommet 16.
• a second end piece 18 is fastened at a second end in a recess 20 of cylinder 12 by conventional means such as bolts, also not shown.
• the cylinder 12 and end pieces 14 and 18 form a chamber 22 within which mass 10 may move back and forth.
• a spring 30 of predetermined stiffness is fastened at one end thereof to a protrusion 32 of end piece 14 and at the other end thereof to a recess 34 in mass 10 so that mass 10 will be positioned by spring 30 until subjected to a force allowing mass 10 to oscillate, only horizontally, back and forth in chamber 22 at a frequency determined by the size of mass 10 and stiffness of spring 30.
• the first end piece 14 has a filling port 36 therethrough which allows the introduction of a damping fluid, shown by arrow 38, into the chamber 22. After filling, port 36 is sealed in conventional manner.
• a thermal expansion bellows 40 is connected at one end thereof to a protrusion 42 in end piece 18 and at the other end thereof to a sealing member 44.
• End piece 18 has a small opening 48 therethrough connecting the interior of bellows 40 to chamber 22. This allows transfer of fluid from chamber 22 to the interior of bellows 40 to accommodate expansion and contraction of the fluid under modest temperature variations.
• the damper may be used to compensate for unwanted vibrations of, for example, a boom shown in Figure 1 by reference numeral 50. The unwanted oscillations will be transverse to the length of the boom and accordingly it is desired that the mass 10 move in the same direction, i.e. from right to left in Figure 1. Accordingly, the damper 8 is shown mounted to boom 59 horizontally as indicated by dashed lines 52 and 54 and, as explained above, will vibrate
• the apparatus of Figure 1 will perform satisfactorily, but for some high accuracy or specialized uses, there may be inaccuracies or unnecessary costs associated with the Figure 1 damper.
• the damping fluid 38 in chamber 20 is first chosen to have a viscosity which is believed to provide the best abso ⁇ tion of energy from the oscillating system and provide the desired amount of damping for the specific intended use.
• the boom and the damper are then tested to check the damping characteristics and, if they are not right, the fluid has to be drained and new fluid with different viscosity inserted for a re-test. This process is repeated until the desired damping characteristics of the system are obtained.
• Such a procedure is quite costly and time consuming and adds considerable cost to the damper.
• a damper 108 (which may also be attached to a beam as in Figure 1 but not shown in Figure 2 for simplicity) is shown comprising a moveable mass 1 10, slideably mounted in a cylindrical container 112 having a first cylindrical end piece 114 fastened to the right end of cylinder 1 12 by conventional means, not shown.
• a spring 116 has a first end fastened in a recess 118 of mass 112 and a second end fastened to end piece 114 so that mass 110 is positioned thereby.
• Mass 1 10 is shown having an orifice 120 extending between its left and right sides in Figure 2 so as to permit the passage of the damping fluid therethrough.
• the damping fluid may be inserted in the cylindrical container 112 in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 1.
• the mass 1 10 and the spring 116 are chosen to have the frequency of oscillation matching the particular use to which it is to be put e.g. the frequency of the boom to which it will be mounted.
• a plurality of troughs 122, 124, 126 and 128 are shown in the outer edge of mass 110 and are cross-sectionally shaped to constrain the movement of balls such as 132, 134, 136 and 138 in all but the desired direction, horizontally in Figure 2.
• the grooves may be of slightly greater diameter than the balls as is shown in Figure 3a where a semicircular groove 122a supports the ball 132a, or, as shown in Figure 3b, may be a "V" shaped groove 122b supporting a ball 132b.
• the ball is constrained for motion only into and out of the plane of the paper.
• the plurality of balls 132, 134, 136 and 138 in the troughs 122, 124, 126 and 128 respectively engage the inner surface of cylinder 112 and provide rolling motion for mass 110.
• the lengths of the troughs are made to accommodate the amount of motion expected of mass 110 oscillating back and forth in use. In the event that the mass 110 moves more than expected, the balls (although moving less distance than the mass) may nevertheless reach the ends of the trough where they may encounter greater friction due to the worming effect and/or tolerance errors.
• the device is completely self centering so that when the motion decreases to the expected limits, the balls will move to the center and at rest assume the position shown in Figure 2.
• This feature assures the device will remove the maximum amount of energy from the system by minimizing mass friction.
• Using the balls eliminates the sliding friction between the mass 1 10 and the cylinder 112 and since a single ball is used, there is no friction between balls. Thus the possible excessive friction of the Figure 1 damper has been avoided.
• Cylindrical end piece 1 14 has an abutment 140 and a first cylindrical end member 142 is seated thereon.
• Cylindrical end member 142 has an inwardly extending ledge 144 and a removable end cap 146 with a hole 148 extending centrally therethrough.
• End cap 146 is mounted against ledge 144.
• a first bellows 150 has a right end which is fixed to the ledge 144 and extends to the left towards the interior of cylindrical container 112. The left end of bellows 150 is sealed to a circular plate 152 which has a central rod 154 extending back to the right so as to be guided in the hole 148.
• a spring 156 is positioned in the interior of bellows 150 between the circular plate 152 and the end cap 146 and provides additional volumetric stiffness to the bellows 150.
• the left end of damper 108 in Figure 2 is similar to the right end.
• a second cylindrical end piece 164 is fastened to the left end of cylindrical container 112 by conventional means, not shown.
• End piece 164 has an abutment 166 and a second cylindrical end member 168 is seated thereon.
• Cylindrical end member 168 has an inwardly extending ledge 170 and a removable end cap 172 with a hole 174 extending therethrough. End cap 172 is mounted against ledge 170.
• a second bellows 180 has a left end which is fixed to the ledge 170 and extends to the right towards the interior of cylindrical container 112.
• the right end of bellows 180 is sealed to a circular plate 182 which has a central rod 184 extending back to the left so as to be guided in the hole 174.
• a spring 186 is positioned in the interior of bellows 180 between the circular plate 182 and the end cap 172 and provides additional volumetric stiffness to the bellows 180.
• the first and second bellows may be omitted and a single temperature compensating bellows such as shown in Figure 1 employed.
• two dampers mounted on the member at right angles to each other may be employed.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24368518

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (35)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1996
  • 1996-01-25 US US08/591,922 patent/US5873438A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-13 DE DE69611624T patent/DE69611624T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-13 EP EP99113994A patent/EP0964179B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-13 DE DE69627546T patent/DE69627546T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-13 WO PCT/US1996/018224 patent/WO1997027408A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1996-11-13 EP EP96939697A patent/EP0871826B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-13 JP JP9526826A patent/JP2000504087A/ja active Pending
• 1998
  • 1998-09-16 US US09/153,951 patent/US6454063B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2008
  • 2008-07-01 JP JP2008172311A patent/JP4524319B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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