WO1997018547A1 - Dispositif d'entree multi-effleurement, procede et systeme minimisant les besoins de memorisation - Google Patents

Dispositif d'entree multi-effleurement, procede et systeme minimisant les besoins de memorisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997018547A1
WO1997018547A1 PCT/US1996/018517 US9618517W WO9718547A1 WO 1997018547 A1 WO1997018547 A1 WO 1997018547A1 US 9618517 W US9618517 W US 9618517W WO 9718547 A1 WO9718547 A1 WO 9718547A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
touch
texmal
apparams
digit
detecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/018517
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael J. Ure
Original Assignee
Ure Michael J
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/672,093 external-priority patent/US6107997A/en
Application filed by Ure Michael J filed Critical Ure Michael J
Priority to JP9519151A priority Critical patent/JP2000501526A/ja
Priority to EP96941390A priority patent/EP0861485A1/fr
Publication of WO1997018547A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997018547A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/02—Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
    • G06F3/023—Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
    • G06F3/0233—Character input methods
    • G06F3/0235—Character input methods using chord techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04883—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04104—Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/048—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/04808—Several contacts: gestures triggering a specific function, e.g. scrolling, zooming, right-click, when the user establishes several contacts with the surface simultaneously; e.g. using several fingers or a combination of fingers and pen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to input devices for electronic devices such as computers, and more especially to multi-touch input devices.
  • electronic devices such as computers
  • multi-touch input devices With the rapid advance of computer and electronic technologies in recent years, the limitations of the computer keyboard as the principal input device for computers and electromc devices have become increasingly apparent. As a result, increasing attention has and will be turned to alternative input devices.
  • Touchpads have been popularized by such companies as Cirque Inc. , Apple Computer Inc. , Alps Electronics USA Inc., Synaptics Inc. , and, most recently, Logitech Inc. Approximately 80% of newly manufactured laptop computers now include a touchpad.
  • the touchpad may be made to provide raw capacitance measurement data to the outside world. This raw data may be manipulated in various ways to realize enhanced functionality.
  • various display-based touch sensor devices such as that described in U.S. Patent 5,194,862, incorporated herein by reference.
  • One existing alternative is a prior-art multi-touch input system known as the DatOTM input system.
  • the prior-art input system has the objective of realizing a very compact, touch-sensitive input device for inputting to digital electronic devices command/control information and/or text. Compactness is a key consideration for small portable electronic devices.
  • a DatOPadTM input device (described more fully at www.dato.com) is a touchpad or other device that uses the prior-art DatO input system.
  • the prior-art input system is described in U.S. Patent 5,203,704, incorporated herein by reference.
  • One embodiment of a prior-art input device has a layout 100 as shown in Figure 1.
  • the index finger (“primary indicator”) touches within a region 101, pressing one of areas 1-9.
  • the thumb touches within a region 103 if applicable.
  • the middle finger (“second ancillary indicator”) touches within a region 105 if applicable.
  • a DatOSetTM gesture set is a set of eight groups of 36 gestures, different groups being selected by tapping once or twice with different combinations of the ancillary indicators only, for a total of 288 mode-distinguishable gestures.
  • a gesture set may be thought of as a set of "fonts," for example. Each font may in turn be thought of as four "tic-tac-toe" grids overlaid on top of one another.
  • the tic-tac-toe grids may be drawn side-by-side, whereby an "alpha" font, for example, might be represented as shown in Figure 2.
  • an "alpha" font for example, might be represented as shown in Figure 2.
  • each box corresponds to one ofthe primary indicator positions numbered 1-9.
  • the position of the index finger is important, but only the presence or absence (not position) of the thumb and index finger is important. In one respect, this allows the prior-art input system to be used with a very small device. This assumes, however, that the user has memorized the mapping between gestures and characters/commands, or if not, that the user refers to some external reference such as a display or reference card. To display the mapping would require additional display area. Referencing a reference card is an inconvenience to the user.
  • the present invention generally speaking, provides such a multi-touch input device that minimizes the need for memorization on the part of the user.
  • a series of steps are followed to input information to an electronic device using a pad having a pad surface, which pad distinguishes multiple simultaneous touches.
  • the steps include: forming markings in relation to the pad surface, the markings including textual elements; a user, with the user's hand, touching one digit of the hand to a first area of the pad surface bearing a marking corresponding to desired textual element that the user desires to input and, at substantially the same time, touching another digit of the hand to a second area of the pad surface identified by the user by its occupying a predetermined position relative to the first area; detecting the first and second areas touched by the user; and inputting the desired textual element.
  • an input device for inputting information to an electronic device includes the following combination of inter-related elements: a touchpad surface formed in relation to a touch sensor array; markings formed in relation to the pad surface, the markings including textual elements; an integrated circuit controller coupled to the touch sensor array for receiving capacitance measurement data from the touch sensor array; and processing means for detecting a particular touch pattern in which a plurality of the areas on the touchpad surface are touched simultaneously and for, in response to the particular touch pattern, signalling for input to the electronic device a textual element corresponding to the particular touch pattern.
  • the markings used in the present input system preferably and advantageously, are a superset of those of the common telephone keypad, enhancing familiarity and lean-ability.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of an exemplary prior art input device
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of a gesture group within a potentially larger gesture set of the input device of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the layout of an exemplary input device in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a simplified schematic representation of a second-generation touchpad that may be used in the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an input device in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of an input device in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a more detailed block diagram of the processing means of
  • FIG 8 is flow diagram of one-touch processing performed by the processing means of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is flow diagram of two-touch processing performed by the processing means of Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a flow diagram of one-touch touch-inflection processing that follows the processing of Figure 8.
  • FIG 11 is a flow diagram of two-touch touch- inflection processing that follows the processing of Figure 9.
  • the present input device, method, and system is marketed under the tradename TracKeyTM, referring to the dual capabilities of tracking a pointer finger as in conventional touchpads, and also of keying in information.
  • TracKeyTM referring to the dual capabilities of tracking a pointer finger as in conventional touchpads, and also of keying in information.
  • two “indicators, " thumb and middle finger (or index finger) are used to form two-touch patterns, or "chords. " The position of both indicators is important.
  • characters/commands are screened or displayed on the touch surface, eliminating the need for memorization or an extemal reference. Preferably, all of the characters/commands are displayed at one time such that there are no separate modes or character groupings.
  • An exemplary layout of the present input device is shown in Figure 3.
  • the layout of the present input device occupies about 5.2cm by 3.9cm.
  • the indicia found on a typical computer keyboard are clearly visible.
  • two-touch chords are formed according to simple conventions. For letters, the middle finger touches the key on which the letter appears. The thumb touches the first, second or third key on the row below, depending on whether the letter is the first, second or third on its key. The bottom row of keys has no letters.
  • the thumb instead of touching a key in the row immediately below, touches the first, second or third key in a row once (or twice) removed.
  • the first row is paired with the third row
  • the second row is paired with the fourth row
  • the fourth row is paired with the first row.
  • Numbers are entered using a single touch in the same manner as a touchtone keypad.
  • touch inflections slight touch variations made with minimal additional effort so as to convey additional information.
  • touch inflections the following touch inflections have been found to be particularly useful: “press, pick, roll” and “waggle. " These touch inflections are used as follows:
  • a return is entered by landing the thumb only. Because of the different size and shape of a "thumbprint" as compared to a "fingerprint", this gesture may be distinguished from a single finger touch used to enter a number.
  • a tab is indicated similarly, for example by landing the thumb but in addition stroking the thumb slightly to the right.
  • the space is preferably input automatically.
  • two distinct “. " characters are provided for, the traditional period and the now-popular "dot" found in e-mail and Web-page addresses.
  • the two are distinguished visually by color, e.g. , black for period and red for dot.
  • the red dot is located central to the pad on the 5 key. The red dot may be slightly raised, if desired, to provide tactile locality information to the user.
  • Cursor keys may also be provided for. Referring still to Figure 3, note that small arrows appear along each edge of the device, two arrows along each edge. The arrows coincide with the boundary between adjacent keys. When a single finger is touched on one of the arrows, the device recognizes the touch as a cursor key input. Depending on the direction of the arrow, the cursor is spaced upward, downward, rightward or leftward. Alternatively, depending on the current context of a program being run on an electronic device (for example if no text cursor is currently displayed), the cursor key inputs may be interpreted instead as scroll button inputs, causing the display view to scroll upward, downward, rightward or leftward.
  • the cursor key input are distinguished within the device from two similar types of inputs.
  • the cursor key inputs are like number inputs in that a single touch is used. In the case of number inputs, however, the centra id of the single touch is required to fall squarely within a key corresponding to a number 0-9.
  • a space is entered by touching in the bottom-center border region of one of the star key, the 0 key or the pound key.
  • a period is entered by touching in the top-center border region of one of the keys 1, 2 and 3.
  • a comma is entered by touching in the right-center border region; and a semicolon is entered by touching in the left-center border region.
  • an input device in accordance with the present invention is realized through a combination of a standard second-generation (G2) touchpad or touchscreen device and custom driver software.
  • G2 touchpad is the TP2 touchpad of Logitech.
  • the TP2 touchpad takes a digital approach. Capacitive measurement data from conductors in an orthogonal array are therefore digitized and input directly to a microprocessor or the equivalent. In the case of a particular touchpad having dimensions of approximately 2 in. by 2 in. , a total of 42 separate capacitance measurements are taken, digitized and input to a microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor uses firmware to perform various smoothing algorithms, tracking algorithms, etc.
  • the TP2 touchpad does not form a bit-mapped touch image. Although both X and Y touch coordinate data are provided, these data are not correlated in X and Y. Some touch patterns may therefore potentially be confused.
  • Figure 4 there is shown a simplified schematic representation of a touch sensor array having a multiplicity of conductors extending in each of the X and Y directions. Superimposed on the touch sensor array are two different two-touch touch pattems, one indicated in solid lines and one indicated in dashed lines.
  • two-touch chords are formed using a finger and the thumb.
  • the amount and spatial distribution of capacitance presented to the touch sensor array by the thumb is appreciably different than the amount and spatial distribution of capacitance presented to the touch sensor array by the finger.
  • a touch by the thumb is characterized by a pulse waveform having an appreciably larger peak and an appreciably wider base.
  • the two different touch pattems may be distinguished in software/firmware, or in hardware if desired.
  • a touch sensor array 501 is coupled to a microprocessor 503 or equivalent.
  • the touch sensor array and the microprocessor represent a G2 touchpad or touchscreen 510, i.e. , a touchpad or touchscreen in which raw sensor data is digitized and input to a microprocessor where it may be processed or communicated to an external device.
  • the microprocessor 503 is provided with processing means 505, e.g. , firmware, for recognizing various touch gestures in accordance with the present input system.
  • the microprocessor 503 is coupled in m to an electronic device 520 to input information to the electronic device, including positional information, commands and textual information.
  • the processing means 505 is located accessible to and runs on the microprocessor 503 of the touchpad or touchscreen 510. Results of the processing are then sent to the electronic device 520.
  • processing means 625 may instead be accessible to and run on a microprocessor of the electronic device 620.
  • the processing means 625 may, for example, take the form of a custom software driver for the touchpad or touchscreen 610.
  • the microprocessor 603 sends raw measurement data to the electronic device 620 for processing by the processing means 625.
  • the processing means 625 then signals the results of the processing to other elements within the electronic device 620.
  • the logical strucmre of the processing means 505 is shown in greater detail in Figure 7.
  • Touch sensor data is input to various program segments. One segment 710 performs one-touch processing and another segment 720 performs two-touch processing. A third segment 730 may be provided to perform three-touch processing if desired.
  • Results of one-touch and two-touch (and, if desired, three-touch) processing are provided to a touch-inflections segment 740 for further processing. If the outcome of touch- inflection processing is that a valid touch gesture has been recognized, then the touch gesture is communicated to a protocol segment 750 for commumcation to the electronic device. Processed track data, or pointing data, is also input to the protocol segment 750. The processed track data may be produced by conventional means 760 in accordance with current practice.
  • a protocol layer between the touchpad or touchscreen 610 and the electronic device 620 provides for raw capacitance data and processed tracking data to be input tothe electronic device 630.
  • the raw capacitance data and the tracking data are processed within the electromc device 520, and results of such processing are communicated to further elements within the electronic device 620, e.g., the device operating system.
  • a subprocess 715 that detects a touch on an arrow.
  • a subprocess 741 that detects added pressure
  • subprocesses that detect a roll gesture (743) and a waggle gesture (745)
  • a subprocess 747 that detects a thumb stroke in particular
  • a subprocess 749 that detects other stroke inflections.
  • a flow diagram is shown of one-touch touch processing.
  • single-touch processing may involve the thumb only or the finger only. If the touch is a thumb touch (801), then the routine checks to see whether the thumb is moved right some mimmum amount
  • the routine checks to see if the centroid of the touch is within a central area of a single key (811). If so, then one of a number 0-9, an asterisk or a pound sign is input per the touched key, except as modified subsequently by the touch inflection routine (813).
  • Processing of the touch inflection routine then follows, beginning at point A.
  • a border textual element e.g. , space, period, comma, semicolon
  • the routine then returns.
  • Two- touch touch processing is simple and predictable. As shown in
  • the routine checks to see if there is a continuing touch of one of keys 0-9 (1001). If not, the routine returns. If so, the routine checks for a roll. If a roll is detected (1003), then a function key command is input per the touched key and the direction (right or left) of the roll (1005). The routine then returns. Finally, if no roll is detected, then the routine checks for a stroke inflection in which the travel is faster and/or farther than in the case of a roll. If a stroke inflection is detected (1007), then a border textual element (e.g.
  • the routine checks to see if there is a continuing touch (1101). If not, the routine returns. If so, the routine checks for a press, i.e., a touch in which an added increment of pressure is applied. If a press is detected (1103), then an upper case letter or upper tier puncmation mark/command is input per the touched combination (1105), and the routine returns. If no press is detected, next, the routine checks for a roll. If a roll is detected (1107), then the routine checks further whether there is a continuing touch (1109). If not, then a digraph is input per the touched key and the direction (right or left) of the roll (1111). The routine then returns.
  • a press i.e., a touch in which an added increment of pressure is applied. If a press is detected (1103), then an upper case letter or upper tier puncmation mark/command is input per the touched combination (1105), and the routine returns. If no press is detected, next, the routine checks for a roll. If a roll is detected (1107), then
  • the routine checks for a waggle. If a waggle is detected (1113), then a trigraph is input per the touched key and the initial direction (right or left) of the waggle (1115) and the routine returns. Otherwise, the routine loops back until the touch has been discontinued (1109) or a waggle (1113) has been detected. Finally, if no roll was detected (1107), then the routine checks for a stroke inflection in which the travel is faster and/or farther than in the case of a roll. If a stroke inflection is detected (1117), then a border texmal element (e.g., space, period, comma, semicolon) is input depending on which border region is touched (1119). The routine then returns. If no stroke inflection is detected, then the routine checks again to see if there is a continuing touch, and the routine is repeated as described previously until such time as there is no continuing touch.
  • a border texmal element e.g., space, period, comma, semicolon

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif, un procédé et un système d'entrée multi-effleurement réduisant au minimum les besoins de mémorisation de la part de l'utilisateur. Des informations sont entrées dans un dispositif électronique (520, 620) à l'aide d'une touche (510, 610) présentant une surface (300), laquelle touche distingue des effleurements simultanés multiples. Les étapes d'entrée sont les suivantes: la formation d'un marquage en rapport avec la surface de la touche, les marquages incluant des éléments textuels; un utilisateur effleure avec un doigt de la main une première zone de la surface de la touche portant un marquage correspondant à l'élément textuel voulu que ledit utilisateur souhaite entrer et, sensiblement en même temps, effleurant d'un autre doigt de la main une seconde zone de la surface de la touche identifiée par l'utilisateur en occupant une position prédéterminée par rapport à la première zone; détection des première et seconde zones effleurées par l'utilisateur; et l'entrée de l'élément textuel voulu.
PCT/US1996/018517 1995-11-16 1996-11-18 Dispositif d'entree multi-effleurement, procede et systeme minimisant les besoins de memorisation WO1997018547A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9519151A JP2000501526A (ja) 1995-11-16 1996-11-18 メモリの必要を最小限にするマルチタッチ入力装置、方法およびシステム
EP96941390A EP0861485A1 (fr) 1995-11-16 1996-11-18 Dispositif d'entree multi-effleurement, procede et systeme minimisant les besoins de memorisation

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US55902395A 1995-11-16 1995-11-16
US08/559,023 1995-11-16
US08/672,093 US6107997A (en) 1996-06-27 1996-06-27 Touch-sensitive keyboard/mouse and computing device using the same
US08/672,093 1996-06-27
US2598296P 1996-09-09 1996-09-09
US60/025,982 1996-09-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997018547A1 true WO1997018547A1 (fr) 1997-05-22

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EP (1) EP0861485A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000501526A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997018547A1 (fr)

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