WO1997017995A2 - Verwendung von gashaltigen metallkomplexen als ultraschallkontrastmittel - Google Patents
Verwendung von gashaltigen metallkomplexen als ultraschallkontrastmittel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997017995A2 WO1997017995A2 PCT/EP1996/004888 EP9604888W WO9717995A2 WO 1997017995 A2 WO1997017995 A2 WO 1997017995A2 EP 9604888 W EP9604888 W EP 9604888W WO 9717995 A2 WO9717995 A2 WO 9717995A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal complexes
- complexes according
- metal
- complex
- group
- Prior art date
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- OGGXGZAMXPVRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylarsinic acid Chemical compound C[As](C)(O)=O OGGXGZAMXPVRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002462 isocyano group Chemical group *[N+]#[C-] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002527 isonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O)O1 BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013842 nitrous oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCC[CH]CCCC ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N normal nonane Natural products CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKFBZNUBXWCCHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trifluoride Chemical compound FP(F)F WKFBZNUBXWCCHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009870 specific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004089 sulfido group Chemical group [S-]* 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000858 thiocyanato group Chemical group *SC#N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004102 tricarboxylic acid cycle Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/22—Echographic preparations; Ultrasound imaging preparations ; Optoacoustic imaging preparations
- A61K49/222—Echographic preparations; Ultrasound imaging preparations ; Optoacoustic imaging preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, liposomes
- A61K49/228—Host-guest complexes, clathrates, chelates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0046—Ruthenium compounds
- C07F15/0053—Ruthenium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
Definitions
- the invention relates to the subject matter characterized in the claims, that is to say the use of metal complexes in which at least one atom or molecule is coordinated, which is gaseous after being split off from the complex, in ultrasound diagnostics.
- Ultrasound diagnostics are becoming increasingly widespread in the diagnosis of pathological conditions because, compared to X-ray or radiodiagnostic methods, they do not involve stressful ionizing radiation and are inexpensive compared to magnetic resonance imaging.
- acoustic density The different acoustic properties (so-called acoustic density) of tissues or body fluids are used for imaging.
- the ultrasound contrast can be improved by introducing a medium (contrast medium) into the examination area, the acoustic density of which clearly differs from that of the body tissue / liquid. Gases are such a medium. Most ultrasound contrast media are therefore essentially based on suspensions containing gas bubbles and / or substances containing gas.
- gas bubbles are introduced into a mostly aqueous suspension medium by methods such as shaking or sonication, the bubbles optionally being added, e.g. Surfactants or viscosity-increasing substances - can be stabilized in the suspension medium.
- contrast agents are e.g. described in EP 0 077 752.
- contrast medium approaches are based on solid supports on which "prefabricated" bubbles are formulated. After resuspension, these are released with a suitable diluent and result in an applicable bladder suspension (see e.g. EP 0 122 624).
- the gas bubble can be stabilized by surfactants (EP 0 077 752).
- surfactants EP 0 077 752.
- Other approaches are based on a lipid bilayer (WO 94/28780).
- stabilization can also be ensured by a more or less flexible polymer wall.
- host-guest complexes are also described as solid carriers (EP 0 357 163), which are dissolved or suspended or emulsified in a suitable vehicle before application and give an applicable gas bubble dispersion.
- the gas can also only be generated when the formulation is produced. In this way, acid-induced CO2 can be released from carbonates and bicarbonates and the resulting gas bubbles can be stabilized in various ways (EP 0 077 752, WO 91/09629).
- Gas bubbles can also be temperature-induced in vivo e.g. be formed from a liquid, low-boiling precursor. Contrast agents of this type are described in EP 0 327 490 and WO 91/09629, where a transition to the gas state activated by the body temperature takes place in vivo from a liquid precursor.
- contrast media in which the gas bubbles are present in a quasi free form is that after application in the blood stream they remain in the vasal space and diagnosis is therefore limited to this area.
- Polymeric envelopes stabilized gas bubbles EP 0 327 490
- phagocytosis - taken up by cells of the reticuloendothelial system and therefore also allow a diagnosis of the intracellular space.
- Macrophage-containing body regions [liver (Kupffer star cells), lymph nodes (sessile macrophages), lungs (alveolar macrophages)] limited.
- the known contrast media appear unsuitable for use in functional and differential diagnosis.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide contrast media which overcome the disadvantages mentioned, i.e. To find contrast media that are suitable for the diagnosis of the interstitial or the entire intracellular space and that are particularly suitable for use in functional and differential diagnosis.
- the gas release can be controlled via the pH value, the temperature, via oxidation or reduction and via enzymatic reactions.
- a general formation of gas bubbles in the blood vessel system is possible on the basis of the conditions prevailing there, such as pH value, temperature, enzyme status, physiological oxidizing and reducing agents, and also a selective formation of gas bubbles, which is linked to certain physiological or pathological parameters or functions that are available locally . This makes it possible to recognize pathological changes as a symptom or cause of a clinical picture.
- Complexes which consist of a metallic central atom, at least one ligand and at least one molecule of a substance which is gaseous under normal conditions can be used according to the invention.
- the coordinated gas molecule is also to be regarded as a ligand in the actual sense, the term “ligand” is used hereinafter only to identify the part of the molecule which is not gaseous in the free state.
- metal complexes can have a large number of different structures. Coordination numbers between 2 and 10 are observed, the majority of the known metal complexes having a coordination number of 4-7.
- the structure of the complexes is essentially determined by the coordination number. Strictly linear, tetrahedral, planar-quadratic, trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral complexes as well as distorted complex geometries are possible.
- the respective gas molecule or the gas precursor (for example in the case of hydride complexes) can be coordinated end-on, end-on-bridging, side-on or side-on-bridging.
- gas ligands are unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes or alkynes) or their halogenated, especially fluorinated, derivatives. Examples include its acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), ethylene (C 2 H 4 ), methylacetylene (C 3 H 4 ), and all ( C 3 H 4 ) called. Such hydrocarbons and their derivatives can also be released from complexes which contain a correspondingly deprotonated form as a gas precursor.
- metal (central) atom basically all metals of the 2nd-7th Period of the periodic table function, since they have an unoccupied orbital to hold free electron pairs of the ligands.
- the central atom can usually occur in numerous oxidation states.
- Classic complex central atoms are the transition metals with atomic numbers 21-30, 39-48, 57-81 (incl. Lanthanides), 89-103 (incl. Actinides).
- Metal atoms from the following groups are particularly suitable:
- gas complexes with elements of the iron and platinum group are preferred.
- metals without free orbitals such as the metals of the main groups, are also generally suitable.
- hydride ions for example, can be bound as a gas-forming component in such compounds, which give rise to H 2 bubbles in the presence of protons.
- All atoms or molecules with at least one lone pair of electrons can function as ligands. It is also possible to make the free electrons available not only to one but to several central atoms (bridge ligands). However, multiple bonds between ligand and metal atom are also possible, as are observed, for example, in O 2 "or N 3 complexes.
- ligands that occupy more than one coordination site there are also ligands that occupy more than one coordination site (so-called multidentate ligands). To do this, the ligand must have several donor sites in the molecule. Accordingly, there are bidentate (ethylenediamine, oxalation), tridentate (diethylenetriamine), tetradentate (triethylenetetramine), hexadentate (EDTA, CDTA), eight-dentate (DTPA) and ten-dentate (TTHA) ligands. Such ligands can also be involved in the complex with only a part of their maximally binding coordination sites.
- ligands capable of complex formation are:
- Preferred according to the invention are ligands which directly or indirectly influence the binding to the gas ligand in such a way that under physiological conditions a
- Gas release takes place.
- the gas release can be induced, for example, in that a multidentate ligand is able, depending on the pH value present, to provide an additional pair of coordination electrons. If the coordination takes place, the displacement of the gas ligand, for example N 2, is possible.
- Such multifunctional ligands are, for example, EDTA, CDTA, PDTA, ox, and ligands containing double bonds, such as enes, dienes or trienes.
- Another way of inducing gas release depending on the pH is by means of a pH-dependent redox potential of the central atom.
- the central atom often loses its ability to bind to the gas component after oxidation. This applies in particular to the dinitrogen molecule.
- the metals from the iron and platinum group e.g. Fe, Ru, Os
- have a pH-dependent redox potential so that a release can be achieved by oxidizing agents that are present physiologically or are applied simultaneously or subsequently.
- hydride complexes which have been described in large numbers in the literature, can also be used according to the invention. Even such According to the invention, complexes can be used as ultrasound contrast agents. Here the gas component is not released directly, but only after reaction with protons.
- suitable hydride complexes especially the slow-reacting in an aqueous medium complexes such as Li [AlH (OC (CH 3) 3] or Selectride ® as KB [CH (CH 3) C 2 H 5] 3 H.
- Stable ruthenium-hydrogen complexes are suitable in the aqueous medium. Such complexes are e.g. by Rodriguez et al. in An. Quim. Int. Ed. 92 (3) (1996) 131-133. In addition to the metal ion as ligand, these complexes generally also contain a boron-hydrogen-containing radical (borohydride).
- borohydride boron-hydrogen-containing radical
- ruthenium complexes can be used according to the invention: [RuH ( ⁇ 6-C 6 H4 ⁇ 2 BO 2 C 6 H 4 ) (PCy 3 ) 2], [RuH (H 2 BBN) (PCy 3 ) 2 ],
- ⁇ 6 -C 6 H 4 O 2 BO 2 C 6 H 4 for one Group stands, which is derived from a catechol basic structure. In the complex, one of the two catechol rings is bonded to the metal ion via an ⁇ 6 bond.
- Cy stands for a cyclohexyl, phenyl or benzyl radical
- H 2 BBN stands for a 9-borabicyclo [3.3.2] nonane.
- complexes which carry at least one et-amino acid or one N-acyl- ⁇ -amino acid as ligand.
- Such complexes which can be used according to the invention are described by K. Severin et al, in Z. Anorg. General Chem 622 (1996) 562-570. Examples include [RuCl (O 2 CCHRNHCOR '(CO) (PPh 3 ) 2 ] or [RuH (O 2 CCHRNHCOR' (PPh 3 ) 2 ] where R is a hydrogen atom or an isobutyl group and R 'is a methyl or phenyl group and the corresponding iridium complex [IrH 2 (O 2 CCH 2 NHCOPh (PPh 3 ) 2 ].
- Physiological redox systems are essentially necessary intracellularly for the course of the respiratory chain or the citrate cycle. ATP is formed during the cascade-like breathing chain. Respiratory chain substrates are reducing coenzymes such as NAD and NADH. The required enzymes are located in the mitochondrial membrane. An oxidase or reductase as an enzyme, an H- or electron-transferring coenzyme and a substrate are generally required for the course of cellular redox reactions. Coenzymes and substrates usually have a pH-dependent redox potential. Depending on the available concentrations that influence the redox potential, can also
- Redox reactions take place with non-physiological or pathological substances, including the central atom from complexes with gas or gas-forming substances
- Such complexes lose their binding force for the coordinated gas, e.g. Nitrogen, which can be detected using ultrasound.
- the coordinated gas e.g. Nitrogen
- the intralysosomal oxidation of the complexes by physiologically compatible oxidants is suitable.
- physiologically compatible oxidizing or reducing agents that can be used according to the invention are listed in the table below:
- physiologically acceptable oxidizing and reducing agents mentioned can be applied subsequently or simultaneously with the contrast agent preparation according to the invention. They can be injected intravascularly or locally into the region of the body to be examined. A reverse sequence in the procedure is also conceivable.
- the ligand In the intravascular space, mainly redox systems Fe H / Fe 111 and CuVCu 11 come into consideration. Basically, in addition to the pH value, the ligand also has a strong influence on the reducing or oxidizing properties of the central atom. For example, not all ligands are suitable if the gas release is to be triggered by a redox reaction with reaction partners that occur in vivo.
- the general rule here is that electron-donating ligands stabilize a low oxidation state and increase the redox potential. In contrast, electron-withdrawing ligands stabilize the higher oxidation state and lower the redox potential.
- the geometry of the complexes also has an influence on the redox potential. There are numerous control options for gas release under in vivo conditions.
- gas-releasing metal complexes can also be used for structure-specific ultrasound detection.
- Complexes that contain structure-specific binding sites e.g. Antibodies, receptors, peptides or nucleic acids also wear on one of the ligands.
- a suitable oxidizing or reducing agent can then be applied, as described above, which brings about a gas release from the complex.
- the oxidizing / reducing agent should expediently be administered at a point in time at which the non-specifically bound portion of the complex has already left the body, e.g. is eliminated by renal filtration.
- the aforementioned gas-releasing complexes or molecules with a detachable gas component are formulated in a manner known per se as a contrast medium for ultrasound.
- aqueous solutions, emulsions or suspensions are used which, depending on the mode of application, can contain the auxiliaries customary in pharmacy.
- the agents mentioned can also be provided as a kit, in which the complex and the suspension or solvent are stored in separate vessels and from which the contrast medium to be applied is only prepared immediately before application. Further information on the preparation of the agents can be found in the prior art, for example in EP 0 071 564.
- the agents according to the invention generally contain from IO 2 to IO ' 6 mol / ml gas-containing metal complex and are applied in a dose of IO 2 to IO' 8 mol / kg body weight. Depending on the diagnostic question, the application can take place intravenously or orally.
- [Ru 1I (NH 3 ) 5 N 2 ] Br 2 is synthesized according to the method described by Armor and Taube (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 6170 ff.). For this, 0.2 g [Ru ⁇ (NH 3 ) 5 Cl] Cl 2 are dissolved in 110 mL 0.1 N HCl. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is introduced into this solution for 10 min via two wash bottles, each with 90 mL 1.25% Cr II chloride solution. After adding 22 mL 1, 25% Cr ⁇ chloride solution to the reaction mixture continued laughing gas for 1 h, then 30 min oxygen. 40 g of sodium bromide were used to precipitate [Ru ⁇ (NH 3 ) 5 N 2 ] Br 2 overnight. The precipitate was centrifuged off, washed with methanol and acetone and dried.
- Example 1 10 mg of the complex prepared in Example 1 was added to 10 mL of a 0.01% H 2 O 2 solution (pH 4).
- the change in the B-picture was observed in vitro using a diagnostic ultrasound device (HP 77020E) and a 5 MHz transducer. With medium sound power, the rise of gas bubbles can be observed after a short reaction time.
- Example 5 100 mg of the nitrogen complex prepared in Example 1 are weighed into a GC vial. The atmosphere is exchanged for helium and the headspace is examined by gas chromatography before and after the addition of 10 mL of a 5% Ce (IV) solution. The release of the coordinated nitrogen by adding the oxidizing agent can be clearly detected by means of a TCD detector.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL12431496A IL124314A0 (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-08 | The use of gaseous metallic complexes as ultrasound contrasting agents |
JP9518556A JP2000502047A (ja) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-08 | ガスを含有する金属錯体の超音波用コントラスト剤としての使用 |
AU75681/96A AU7568196A (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-08 | Use of gaseous metallic complexes as ultrasound contrasting agents |
EP96938149A EP0866723A2 (de) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-08 | Verwendung von gashaltigen metallkomplexen als ultraschallkontrastmittel |
KR1019980703570A KR19990067548A (ko) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-08 | 초음파 조영제로서 기체 함유 금속 착화합물의 용도 |
NO982186A NO982186L (no) | 1995-11-13 | 1998-05-13 | Anvendelse av gassholdige metallkomplekser som ultralydkontrastmidler |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19543077.8 | 1995-11-13 | ||
DE19543077A DE19543077C2 (de) | 1995-11-13 | 1995-11-13 | Verwendung von gashaltigen Metallkomplexen als Ultraschallkontrastmittel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1997017995A2 true WO1997017995A2 (de) | 1997-05-22 |
WO1997017995A3 WO1997017995A3 (de) | 1997-07-24 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP1996/004888 WO1997017995A2 (de) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-08 | Verwendung von gashaltigen metallkomplexen als ultraschallkontrastmittel |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0866723A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000502047A (de) |
KR (1) | KR19990067548A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1202115A (de) |
AU (1) | AU7568196A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2237394A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19543077C2 (de) |
HU (1) | HUP0000793A3 (de) |
IL (1) | IL124314A0 (de) |
NO (1) | NO982186L (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997017995A2 (de) |
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US6793626B2 (en) | 2001-01-17 | 2004-09-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic scatterer, ultrasonic imaging method and ultrasonic imaging apparatus |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0212568A2 (de) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-03-04 | Byk Gulden Lomberg Chemische Fabrik GmbH | Kontrastmittel für Ultraschalluntersuchungen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
EP0270483A2 (de) * | 1986-11-28 | 1988-06-08 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Verbesserte metallhaltige Pharmazeutika |
WO1996023526A2 (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-08-08 | Epix Medical, Inc. | Diagnostic imaging contrast agents with extended blood retention |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1982001642A1 (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-05-27 | Med Inc Ultra | Microbubble precursors and methods for their production and use |
DE3141059A1 (de) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-04-28 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Selbstpumpendes spurlager fuer elektrische maschinen mit vertikaler welle, insbesondere fuer wasserkraftgeneratoren |
DE3141641A1 (de) * | 1981-10-16 | 1983-04-28 | Schering Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 4619 Bergkamen | Ultraschall-kontrastmittel und dessen herstellung |
DE3313946A1 (de) * | 1983-04-15 | 1984-10-18 | Schering AG, 1000 Berlin und 4709 Bergkamen | Mikropartikel und gasblaeschen enthaltende ultraschall-kontrastmittel |
EP0586875A1 (de) * | 1988-02-05 | 1994-03-16 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Ultraschallkontrastmittel, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung als Diagnostika und Therapeutika |
DE3828905A1 (de) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-03-15 | Schering Ag | Mittel bestehend aus cavitate oder clathrate bildenden wirt/gast-komplexen als kontrastmittel |
US5585112A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1996-12-17 | Imarx Pharmaceutical Corp. | Method of preparing gas and gaseous precursor-filled microspheres |
US5088499A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-02-18 | Unger Evan C | Liposomes as contrast agents for ultrasonic imaging and methods for preparing the same |
DE4004430A1 (de) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-08-14 | Schering Ag | Aus polyaldehyden aufgebaute kontrastmittel |
-
1995
- 1995-11-13 DE DE19543077A patent/DE19543077C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-11-08 EP EP96938149A patent/EP0866723A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-11-08 IL IL12431496A patent/IL124314A0/xx unknown
- 1996-11-08 AU AU75681/96A patent/AU7568196A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-11-08 HU HU0000793A patent/HUP0000793A3/hu unknown
- 1996-11-08 JP JP9518556A patent/JP2000502047A/ja active Pending
- 1996-11-08 CN CN96198254A patent/CN1202115A/zh active Pending
- 1996-11-08 CA CA002237394A patent/CA2237394A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-11-08 KR KR1019980703570A patent/KR19990067548A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-11-08 WO PCT/EP1996/004888 patent/WO1997017995A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1998
- 1998-05-13 NO NO982186A patent/NO982186L/no unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0212568A2 (de) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-03-04 | Byk Gulden Lomberg Chemische Fabrik GmbH | Kontrastmittel für Ultraschalluntersuchungen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
EP0270483A2 (de) * | 1986-11-28 | 1988-06-08 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Verbesserte metallhaltige Pharmazeutika |
WO1996023526A2 (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-08-08 | Epix Medical, Inc. | Diagnostic imaging contrast agents with extended blood retention |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY, CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS, 1969, LETCHWORTH GB, Seite 399 XP002031711 J.E. FERGUSSON ET AL.: "A RUTHENIUM (II) DINITROGEN COMPLEX" * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO982186D0 (no) | 1998-05-13 |
AU7568196A (en) | 1997-06-05 |
NO982186L (no) | 1998-05-13 |
CN1202115A (zh) | 1998-12-16 |
JP2000502047A (ja) | 2000-02-22 |
EP0866723A2 (de) | 1998-09-30 |
WO1997017995A3 (de) | 1997-07-24 |
DE19543077C2 (de) | 1997-10-16 |
DE19543077A1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
IL124314A0 (en) | 1998-12-06 |
HUP0000793A3 (en) | 2001-03-28 |
HUP0000793A2 (en) | 2000-07-28 |
CA2237394A1 (en) | 1997-05-22 |
KR19990067548A (ko) | 1999-08-25 |
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