WO1997014747A1 - Materiau de frottement a base de lignine - Google Patents

Materiau de frottement a base de lignine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997014747A1
WO1997014747A1 PCT/US1995/013286 US9513286W WO9714747A1 WO 1997014747 A1 WO1997014747 A1 WO 1997014747A1 US 9513286 W US9513286 W US 9513286W WO 9714747 A1 WO9714747 A1 WO 9714747A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lignin
friction material
material composition
friction
phenolic resin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/013286
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Nicholas John Nehez
Original Assignee
Alcell Technologies Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcell Technologies Inc. filed Critical Alcell Technologies Inc.
Priority to EP95939523A priority Critical patent/EP0856030A4/fr
Priority to PCT/US1995/013286 priority patent/WO1997014747A1/fr
Priority to CA002242554A priority patent/CA2242554A1/fr
Priority to JP9515769A priority patent/JPH11513726A/ja
Priority to BR9510654-5A priority patent/BR9510654A/pt
Publication of WO1997014747A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997014747A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/021—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing containing asbestos
    • F16D69/022—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing containing asbestos in the form of fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
    • F16D2200/0065—Inorganic, e.g. non-asbestos mineral fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
    • F16D2200/0073—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles having lubricating properties

Definitions

  • Phenolic resins are produced through the condensation of a phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of a catalyst. Phenol is derived from benzene and the supply of benzene has been reduced because of industry changes. Because of the reduction in the supply of phenol and the elevated price of phenol, it has been a necessity to find an extender or substitute for phenolic resin.
  • the organosolv process allows for the recovery of a highly pure, essentially sulfur-free and hydrophobic form of lignin with low water solubility.
  • This lignin can be suitable for the preparation of a lignin-based friction material for use in friction elements.
  • an environmentally friendly lignin-based friction material composition By the method of the present invention is provided an environmentally friendly lignin-based friction material composition.
  • the composition when formulated in friction elements can greatly reduce the noise, wear and sulfur-based emissions which are generally encountered with prior art friction elements.
  • the invention provides for a friction material composition for use in friction elements wherein an essentially sulfur-free lignin low water solubility replaces from about 1% to about 30% of the phenolic resin in the composition.
  • the friction material composition when formulated into friction elements such as brake pads results in a significant reduction in wear, noise level, and sulfur-based emissions resulting from the performance of the friction element.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show the effect of 20% lignin replacement on the uniformity of the coefficient of friction of the resulting brake pad as a function of temperature.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the effect of 20% lignin replacement on the noise performance of the resulting brake pad at different frequencies.
  • This invention provides for a friction material composition having stability in the thermal operating range of most vehicle friction elements.
  • the friction material composition when used in friction elements such brake pads reduces noise levels and improves the wear of the friction element.
  • the friction material composition comprises a highly pure, essentially sulfur-free and hydrophobic form of lignin with low water solubility at neutral or acidic pH.
  • a lignin which can be combined into the friction material can be selected from steam explosion, autohydrolysis extraction or soda lignins.
  • a preferred lignin to accomplish the objectives of this invention is the lignin described in U.S. Patent No. 4,764,596.
  • Such a lignin is a high purity organosolv lignin and is separated as a coproduct of the pulping and chemical delignification of plant biomass with organic solvents, for example ethanol.
  • This lignin is an essentially sulfur-free powder. It has low water solubility at neutral or acidic pH and is soluble in aqueous alkali and selected organic solvents. It is generally characterized by its hydrophobicity, high purity, melt flow and a low level of carbohydrates and inorganic contaminants.
  • organosolv lignin can be used as a partial replacement for the phenol- formaldehyde resin binder used in friction material formulations wherein powder phenol-formaldehyde resin is used.
  • Lignin can be formulated to replace on a weight basis from about 1 to about 30% of the phenolic resin.
  • An example of such a friction material formulation comprises from about 20% to about 35% iron powder, from about 0.1% to about 1.5% hexamethylene tetramine, from about 10% to about 15% steel fiber or asbestos, from about 8% to about 14% phenolic resin, from about 7% to about 11% graphite and the balance is a modifier which comprises friction coefficient modifiers such as barium sulfate, aluminum oxide and in certain formulations, brown or black organic particles.
  • Such a formulation can comprise lignin of from about 0.08% to about 4.2% on a weight basis with the resulting friction material composition.
  • An important property of the lignin-based friction material composition of this invention is its water solubility.
  • Brake pads are manufactured by blending the friction material composition and then pressing the blend at from about 375°F to about 500°F for from about 10 minutes to about 45 minutes and at a pressure of from about 350 psig to about 750 psig. Manufacturing techniques are well known in the art.
  • friction elements such as brake pads comprising the lignin-of the invention.
  • the pads were all formed by techniques well known in the art.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show that replacing 20% of the phenolic resin with organosolv lignin did not affect the stability of the coefficient of friction as the temperature was changed.
  • a stable coefficient of friction is a requirement of friction element products since drivers require the same braking power or feel regardless of the temperature of the friction elements.
  • a reduction of organic deposits on the rotor can also be observed resulting in an improvement in vibration characteristics as confirmed by noise data as shown in Figure 4 (20% lignin) as compared to Figure 3 (control) .
  • Figure 4 demonstrates a shift of the peak of the frequency to the (human) non-audible part of the spectrum (approximately above 16 KHz) .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de matériau de frottement convenant à la formulation d'éléments de frottement. La composition comprend une lignine sensiblement exempte de soufre et à faible solubilité dans l'eau. La lignine remplace environ 1 % à environ 30 % en poids de la résine phénolique entrant dans la composition du matériau de frottement. Grâce au rendement de l'élément de frottement, l'invention concerne également un procédé d'atténuation du bruit dans la plage audible par l'homme.
PCT/US1995/013286 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine WO1997014747A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95939523A EP0856030A4 (fr) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine
PCT/US1995/013286 WO1997014747A1 (fr) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine
CA002242554A CA2242554A1 (fr) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine
JP9515769A JPH11513726A (ja) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 リグニンベースの摩擦材料
BR9510654-5A BR9510654A (pt) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Composição de material de fricção e processo para redução de ruìdo dentro da faixa de audição humana.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1995/013286 WO1997014747A1 (fr) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine
CA002242554A CA2242554A1 (fr) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997014747A1 true WO1997014747A1 (fr) 1997-04-24

Family

ID=25680355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1995/013286 WO1997014747A1 (fr) 1995-10-18 1995-10-18 Materiau de frottement a base de lignine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0856030A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11513726A (fr)
CA (1) CA2242554A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997014747A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1319860A1 (fr) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Aisin Kako Kabushiki Kaisha Garniture pour embrayage à sec et procédé de fabrication
WO2013101397A1 (fr) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Renmatix, Inc. Compositions comprenant de la lignine
EP2631276A1 (fr) * 2012-02-27 2013-08-28 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. Matériau de friction
US8840995B2 (en) * 2011-05-04 2014-09-23 Renmatix, Inc. Lignin production from lignocellulosic biomass
EP2918627A1 (fr) 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Composé de lignine
EP2918640A1 (fr) 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Composition de bitume
US9534650B2 (en) 2012-03-23 2017-01-03 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. Friction material
US10053745B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2018-08-21 Renmatix, Inc. Production of fermentable sugars and lignin from biomass using supercritical fluids
US10059730B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-08-28 Renmatix, Inc. High purity lignin, lignin compositions, and higher structured lignin
US10793646B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2020-10-06 Renmatix, Inc. Adhesive compositions comprising type-II cellulose

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5918585B2 (ja) * 2012-03-23 2016-05-18 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 摩擦材の製造方法
CN109851733B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2020-05-01 江南大学 木质素基酚醛树脂及其制备和应用

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4239666A (en) * 1979-03-02 1980-12-16 The Bendix Corporation Lignin modified friction material
US4764596A (en) * 1985-11-05 1988-08-16 Repap Technologies Inc. Recovery of lignin
US4920159A (en) * 1987-12-28 1990-04-24 Allies-Signal Inc. Friction resistant composition
US5010156A (en) * 1988-05-23 1991-04-23 Eastman Kodak Company Organosolv lignin-modified phenolic resins and method for their preparation
US5196460A (en) * 1990-05-29 1993-03-23 Repap Technologies Inc. Rubber compositions containing high purity lignin derivatives

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6022011B2 (ja) * 1975-04-21 1985-05-30 ザ・ベンデイクス・コ−ポレ−ション 有機摩擦材料
JPS57111373A (en) * 1980-12-27 1982-07-10 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Friction material for brake
EP0540835B1 (fr) * 1991-11-07 1996-03-06 Rütgerswerke Aktiengesellschaft Agent liant à base de lignine et de résines synthétiques
JPH0617030A (ja) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-25 Tokico Ltd ブレーキ摩擦材

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4239666A (en) * 1979-03-02 1980-12-16 The Bendix Corporation Lignin modified friction material
US4764596A (en) * 1985-11-05 1988-08-16 Repap Technologies Inc. Recovery of lignin
US4920159A (en) * 1987-12-28 1990-04-24 Allies-Signal Inc. Friction resistant composition
US5010156A (en) * 1988-05-23 1991-04-23 Eastman Kodak Company Organosolv lignin-modified phenolic resins and method for their preparation
US5196460A (en) * 1990-05-29 1993-03-23 Repap Technologies Inc. Rubber compositions containing high purity lignin derivatives

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0856030A4 *

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1319860A1 (fr) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Aisin Kako Kabushiki Kaisha Garniture pour embrayage à sec et procédé de fabrication
US10858712B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2020-12-08 Renmatix, Inc. Production of fermentable sugars and lignin from biomass using supercritical fluids
US10053745B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2018-08-21 Renmatix, Inc. Production of fermentable sugars and lignin from biomass using supercritical fluids
US8840995B2 (en) * 2011-05-04 2014-09-23 Renmatix, Inc. Lignin production from lignocellulosic biomass
US8759498B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2014-06-24 Renmatix, Inc. Compositions comprising lignin
US9255188B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2016-02-09 Renmatix, Inc. Compositions comprising lignin
US9963555B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2018-05-08 Renmatix, Inc. Compositions comprising lignin
WO2013101397A1 (fr) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Renmatix, Inc. Compositions comprenant de la lignine
CN103289301A (zh) * 2012-02-27 2013-09-11 曙制动器工业株式会社 摩擦材料
EP2631276A1 (fr) * 2012-02-27 2013-08-28 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. Matériau de friction
US9534650B2 (en) 2012-03-23 2017-01-03 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. Friction material
US10059730B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-08-28 Renmatix, Inc. High purity lignin, lignin compositions, and higher structured lignin
EP2918627A1 (fr) 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Composé de lignine
EP2918640A1 (fr) 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Composition de bitume
WO2015137813A1 (fr) 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Composition de bitume
US11453779B2 (en) 2014-03-13 2022-09-27 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Bitumen composition
US10793646B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2020-10-06 Renmatix, Inc. Adhesive compositions comprising type-II cellulose

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0856030A1 (fr) 1998-08-05
JPH11513726A (ja) 1999-11-24
EP0856030A4 (fr) 1999-11-17
CA2242554A1 (fr) 1997-04-24

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