WO1997004566A1 - Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells - Google Patents
Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997004566A1 WO1997004566A1 PCT/US1996/011959 US9611959W WO9704566A1 WO 1997004566 A1 WO1997004566 A1 WO 1997004566A1 US 9611959 W US9611959 W US 9611959W WO 9704566 A1 WO9704566 A1 WO 9704566A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- transfer mode
- asynchronous transfer
- information
- internal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/18—End to end
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
- G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
- G06F15/163—Interprocessor communication
- G06F15/173—Interprocessor communication using an interconnection network, e.g. matrix, shuffle, pyramid, star, snowflake
- G06F15/17356—Indirect interconnection networks
- G06F15/17368—Indirect interconnection networks non hierarchical topologies
- G06F15/17375—One dimensional, e.g. linear array, ring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4604—LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
- H04L12/4608—LAN interconnection over ATM networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L12/5602—Bandwidth control in ATM Networks, e.g. leaky bucket
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/11—Identifying congestion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/26—Flow control; Congestion control using explicit feedback to the source, e.g. choke packets
- H04L47/266—Stopping or restarting the source, e.g. X-on or X-off
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/29—Flow control; Congestion control using a combination of thresholds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/30—Flow control; Congestion control in combination with information about buffer occupancy at either end or at transit nodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
- H04L47/621—Individual queue per connection or flow, e.g. per VC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
- H04L49/104—Asynchronous transfer mode [ATM] switching fabrics
- H04L49/105—ATM switching elements
- H04L49/106—ATM switching elements using space switching, e.g. crossbar or matrix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
- H04L49/104—Asynchronous transfer mode [ATM] switching fabrics
- H04L49/105—ATM switching elements
- H04L49/107—ATM switching elements using shared medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
- H04L49/1515—Non-blocking multistage, e.g. Clos
- H04L49/153—ATM switching fabrics having parallel switch planes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
- H04L49/1553—Interconnection of ATM switching modules, e.g. ATM switching fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
- H04L49/1553—Interconnection of ATM switching modules, e.g. ATM switching fabrics
- H04L49/1576—Crossbar or matrix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/20—Support for services
- H04L49/201—Multicast operation; Broadcast operation
- H04L49/203—ATM switching fabrics with multicast or broadcast capabilities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
- H04L49/253—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric using establishment or release of connections between ports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
- H04L49/253—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric using establishment or release of connections between ports
- H04L49/255—Control mechanisms for ATM switching fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
- H04L49/256—Routing or path finding in ATM switching fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/30—Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
- H04L49/3081—ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/30—Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
- H04L49/3081—ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction
- H04L49/309—Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/45—Arrangements for providing or supporting expansion
- H04L49/455—Provisions for supporting expansion in ATM switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/55—Prevention, detection or correction of errors
- H04L49/552—Prevention, detection or correction of errors by ensuring the integrity of packets received through redundant connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/55—Prevention, detection or correction of errors
- H04L49/555—Error detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
- H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
- H04Q11/0478—Provisions for broadband connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
- H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0682—Clock or time synchronisation in a network by delay compensation, e.g. by compensation of propagation delay or variations thereof, by ranging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0685—Clock or time synchronisation in a node; Intranode synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5614—User Network Interface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5614—User Network Interface
- H04L2012/5616—Terminal equipment, e.g. codecs, synch.
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5625—Operations, administration and maintenance [OAM]
- H04L2012/5627—Fault tolerance and recovery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5628—Testing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5629—Admission control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5629—Admission control
- H04L2012/5631—Resource management and allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5629—Admission control
- H04L2012/5631—Resource management and allocation
- H04L2012/5632—Bandwidth allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5629—Admission control
- H04L2012/5631—Resource management and allocation
- H04L2012/5632—Bandwidth allocation
- H04L2012/5634—In-call negotiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5629—Admission control
- H04L2012/5631—Resource management and allocation
- H04L2012/5632—Bandwidth allocation
- H04L2012/5635—Backpressure, e.g. for ABR
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/564—Connection-oriented
- H04L2012/5642—Multicast/broadcast/point-multipoint, e.g. VOD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/564—Connection-oriented
- H04L2012/5643—Concast/multipoint-to-point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5647—Cell loss
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5647—Cell loss
- H04L2012/5648—Packet discarding, e.g. EPD, PTD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5649—Cell delay or jitter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5651—Priority, marking, classes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5652—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5672—Multiplexing, e.g. coding, scrambling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5678—Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management
- H04L2012/5679—Arbitration or scheduling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5678—Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management
- H04L2012/5681—Buffer or queue management
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5678—Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management
- H04L2012/5681—Buffer or queue management
- H04L2012/5682—Threshold; Watermark
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5678—Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management
- H04L2012/5681—Buffer or queue management
- H04L2012/5683—Buffer or queue management for avoiding head of line blocking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5685—Addressing issues
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
- H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
- H04L7/046—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal using a dotting sequence
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to the field of communication systems, and more particularly to converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells.
- a communication system includes a collection of components that communicate, manipulate, and process information in a variety of ways.
- the system may support different access technologies, such as frame relay, circuit services, and new and evolving connection-based or connectionless services, that communicate information, such as data, voice, and video.
- Switches in the communication system employ hardware and software to route information generated by access technologies to an intended destination.
- Different types of information cells may be used by a communication switch to relay information.
- One type of cell may be an internal cell which is transmitted over connections or links within the switch.
- Another type of cell such as a standard asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cell, can be used to convey information to equipment external to the switch.
- ATM asynchronous transfer mode
- an internal cell may comprise more bytes of information than a standard ATM cell. If information within such an internal cell needs to be used outside of the switch, a single standard ATM cell is not sufficient to transport all of the information contained in the internal cell.
- a switch control module for converting between an internal cell and a first and second standard asynchronous transfer mode cell.
- the internal cell includes an internal header, payload information, and miscellaneous information.
- the first standard asynchronous transfer mode cell includes the internal header and miscellaneous information of the internal cell.
- the second standard asynchronous transfer mode cell includes the payload information of the internal cell.
- a system is provided for converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells.
- the system includes a to-switch port processor which may receive an intemal cell having an internal header, payload information, and miscellaneous information.
- a switch control module is coupled to the to-switch port processor. The switch control module inserts the internal header and miscellaneous information from the internal cell into the payload of a first standard asynchronous transfer mode cell. The switch control module inserts the payload information of the internal cell into the payload of a second standard asynchronous transfer mode cell.
- a method for converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells.
- the method includes receiving an internal cell having an internal header, payload information, and miscellaneous information.
- the internal header and the miscellaneous information are inserted into a first standard asynchronous transfer mode cell.
- the payload information is inserted into a second standard asynchronous transfer mode cell.
- An important technical advantage of the present invention includes converting between a single internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer node cells.
- an internal header and miscellaneous information are extracted from an internal cell.
- the internal header and miscellaneous information are inserted into the payload of a first standard ATM cell.
- Payload information of the internal cell is extracted and inserted into the payload of a second standard ATM cell.
- a first and second standard ATM cell in the two- cell format can be converted to an internal cell by extracting information from the payload of the two ATM cells and constructing the internal cell.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates a system for converting between a single internal cell and multiple standard ATM cells
- FIGURE 2 illustrates a single internal cell and its associated multiple standard ATM cells
- FIGURE 3 is a flow chart of a method for converting an internal cell extracted from a link or connection into multiple standard ATM data cells
- FIGURE 4 is a flow chart of a method for converting multiple standard ATM data cells in a two-cell format into a single internal cell for insertion into a connection.
- FIGURES 1-4 of the drawings like numerals being used for like and corresponding parts of the various drawings.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates a system 10 for converting between a single internal cell and multiple standard ATM cells in a communication switch.
- System 10 may be operated in a normal mode or a two-cell mode.
- the normal mode of operation comprises all processing which is typical in a communication switch.
- the following primarily describes the two-cell mode of operation.
- System 10 includes at least one to-switch port processor (TSPP) 12, at least one from-switch port processor (FSPP) 14, a switch control module (SCM) 16, and switch fabric 18.
- TSPP to-switch port processor
- FSPP from-switch port processor
- SCM switch control module
- Each TSSP 12 can be implemented as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) .
- Each TSPP 12 may include a number of links 20.
- Each link 20 may support ATM cell relay (OC-12, OC-30, 155 Mbps UTP) , frame relay (Tl, El, T3, E3, V.35) , circuit emulation (Tl, El, T3, E3) , internetworking using Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Internet Protocol (IP) , or IP over ATM, or any other communications protocol or access technology.
- each TSPP 12 supports eight links 20.
- a TSPP 12 may receive various cells, such as an ATM cell 22, at any of its links 20.
- ATM cell 22 comprises a "packet" of information that is converted by TSPP 12 into an internal cell 23.
- internal cell 23 may comprise fifty-six bytes of information.
- Each TSPP 12 also includes a plurality of TSPP queues 24 for each link 20. TSPP queues 24 function to hold or contain an internal cell 23 after it has been received by TSPP 12.
- Each FSPP 14, which can also be implemented as an ASIC, may include multiple links 26. Links 26 are substantially similar to links 20.
- an FSPP 14 supports eight links 26. Each FSPP 14 may be associated with a specific TSPP 12, the associated TSPP 12 and FSPP 14 being included in a single input/output module (IOM) (not shown) .
- An FSPP 14 may include a plurality of FSPP queues 28 and 29 for each link 26 of the FSPP 14. FSPP ques 28 are used for normal cell processing.
- the control software reserves FSPP queues 29 for each of the links 26. These reserved queues are used to insert operational and maintenance (0AM) cells into the cell stream.
- SCM 16 functions to process and route cells of information extracted from and inserted into the connections in system 10, including connections 20 and 26.
- SCM 16 may operate on both internal cells 22 and other cells, such as standard ATM cells 34 and 36.
- SCM 16 may receive internal cells 22 from TSPPs 12.
- SCM 16 functions to convert some of these internal cells 22, such as cells relating to operation and maintenance (OAM) , into multiple standard ATM cells in a two-cell format, described below in more detail .
- These standard ATM cells may be used within SCM 16 internally or transmitted by SCM 16 to equipment external of system 10.
- SCM 16 may receive standard ATM cells in a two-cell format, such as standard ATM cells 34 and 36, from sources external system 10.
- SCM 16 may convert these standard ATM cells to a single internal cell which can be inserted into the switch 10 at TSPP 30.
- SCM 16 comprises a TSPP 30 and FSPP 32.
- TSPP 30 may store internal cells 22 which are converted from multiple standard ATM cells in two-cell format.
- TSPP 30 may include a plurality of queues 31.
- FSPP 32 may receive and store internal cells 22 extracted from TSPP 12 for reformatting into multiple standard ATM cells.
- FSPP 32 may- include a plurality of queues 33.
- Switch fabric 18 connects TSPPs 12, FSPPs 14, and SCM 16. Switch fabric 18 functions to relay any information between TSPPs 12, FSPPs 14, and SCM 16. Switch fabric 18 can be implemented as an ECL cross-point device.
- FIGURE 2 illustrates internal cell 23 and associated standard ATM cells 34 and 36 which are in two-cell format.
- internal cell 23 may comprise sixty bytes of information, whereas standard ATM cells 34 and 36 each comprise fifty-three bytes of information.
- Internal cell 23 comprises an internal header 42, payload information 44, and miscellaneous information 46.
- Internal header 42 may include a virtual channel identification (VCI) field, a virtual path identification
- Payload information 44 may comprise control information for the switch.
- Miscellaneous information 46 includes information which can be used, for example, to identify the link 20 and TSPP 12 at which internal cell 23 is received.
- First standard ATM cell 34 may include an ATM header 48, which comprises a cell loss priority (CLP) bit.
- CLP cell loss priority
- the CLP bit in ATM header 48 of first ATM cell 34 is set to "0."
- First ATM cell 34 includes a portion of the information contained in internal cell 23.
- the payload of first ATM cell 34 may contain internal header 42 and miscellaneous information 46.
- Second ATM cell 36 includes a header 50, which also comprises a CLP bit. In two-cell format, the CLP bit of second ATM cell 36 is set to "1." Second ATM cell 36 also comprises a portion of the information from internal cell 23. Specifically, the payload of second ATM cell 36 includes payload information 44.
- FIGURE 3 is a flow chart for a method 100 for extracting an internal cell 23 from a connection 20 in a communication switch and converting the cell into multiple standard ATM cells in two-cell format, such as ATM cells 34 and 36.
- Method 100 begins at step 102 where a TSPP 12 receives internal cell 23.
- TSPP 12 determines whether the received internal cell 23 is a special action cell, such as an OAM cell. If not, TSPP 12 routes internal cell 23 to the normal queue 28 in FSPP 14 of an appropriate IOM via switch fabric 18 at step 106. Normal FSPP queue 28 translates the data in internal cell 23 so that the cell may be output onto the link 26 corresponding to the normal FSPP queue 28.
- a special action cell such as an OAM cell.
- TSPP 12 determines that the received internal cell 23 is a special action cell, TSPP 12 routes the internal cell to an appropriate FSPP queue 33 on SCM 16 at step 108.
- FSPP 32 extracts internal header 42 and miscellaneous information 46 from internal cell 23. FSPP 32 then inserts this information into the payload of a first ATM cell 34.
- FSPP 32 sets the CLP bit in ATM header 48 of first ATM cell 34 to "0.”
- FSPP 32 extracts payload information 44 from internal cell 23 and inserts this information into the payload of second ATM cell 36.
- FSPP 32 sets the CLP bit in header 50 of second ATM cell 36 to "1.” In this manner, FSPP 32 generates ATM cells 34 and 36 in two-cell format.
- FIGURE 4 is a flow chart of a method 200 for converting two standard ATM cells in two-cell format, such as ATM cells 34 and 36, into a single internal cell 23 for insertion into a link 26.
- Method 200 begins at step 202 where ATM cells 34 and 36 are received at SCM 16.
- SCM 16 determines whether two-cell mode is in operation at step 204. If not, SCM 16 processes the received ATM cells in a normal mode at step 206.
- TSPP 30 performs steps to serve as a check to validate first and second ATM cells 34 and 36. As stated before, for two related ATM cells in a two-cell format, the CLP bit of the first cell should be set to "0" and the CLP bit of the second cell should be set to "1.” At step 208, TSPP 30 determines whether the CLP bit of first ATM cell 34 is set to "0". If not, then TSPP 30 discards first ATM 34 at step 210. If the CLP bit is set to zero, TSPP 30 extracts the internal header 42 and miscellaneous information 46 from the payload of first ATM cell 34 at step 212. After extraction, TSPP 30 determines whether the CLP bit of second ATM cell 36 is set to "1".
- TSPP 30 discards it at step 210. If the CLP bit is set to "1", TSPP 30 then extracts the payload information 44 from the payload of second ATM cell 36 at step 214. The extracted information is used to construct a single internal cell 23 which can be inserted into the switch fabric 18 of system 10.
- switch fabric 18 routes internal cell 23 to a reserved FSPP queue 29 of an appropriate IOM.
- FSPP queue 29 then converts internal cell 23 into OAM cell 22 for insertion into a cell flow on link 26 without translation.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9506891A JPH11510013A (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1996-07-18 | Conversion between one internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells |
PCT/US1996/011959 WO1997004566A1 (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1996-07-18 | Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells |
AU65031/96A AU6503196A (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1996-07-18 | Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US149895P | 1995-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | |
US60/001,498 | 1995-07-19 | ||
PCT/US1996/011959 WO1997004566A1 (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1996-07-18 | Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997004566A1 true WO1997004566A1 (en) | 1997-02-06 |
Family
ID=38659718
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1996/011959 WO1997004566A1 (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1996-07-18 | Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH11510013A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6503196A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997004566A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1072119A1 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2001-01-31 | Cabletron Systems, Inc. | Method and system for identifying ports and forwarding packets in a multiport switch |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5341376A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1994-08-23 | Nec Corporation | ATM cell format conversion system |
US5420858A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1995-05-30 | Synoptics Communications, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communications from a non-ATM communication medium to an ATM communication medium |
-
1996
- 1996-07-18 WO PCT/US1996/011959 patent/WO1997004566A1/en active Application Filing
- 1996-07-18 JP JP9506891A patent/JPH11510013A/en active Pending
- 1996-07-18 AU AU65031/96A patent/AU6503196A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5341376A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1994-08-23 | Nec Corporation | ATM cell format conversion system |
US5420858A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1995-05-30 | Synoptics Communications, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communications from a non-ATM communication medium to an ATM communication medium |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1072119A1 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2001-01-31 | Cabletron Systems, Inc. | Method and system for identifying ports and forwarding packets in a multiport switch |
EP1072119A4 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2008-02-06 | Riverstone Networks Inc | Method and system for identifying ports and forwarding packets in a multiport switch |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6503196A (en) | 1997-02-18 |
JPH11510013A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5948067A (en) | Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells | |
US7809015B1 (en) | Bundling ATM and POS data in a single optical channel | |
US5999529A (en) | Method and apparatus for interworking ATM adaptation layer formats | |
US6148001A (en) | Multipoint-to-point system which multiplexes complete packets comprised of ATM cells on to a single virtual channel connection | |
US5408469A (en) | Routing device utilizing an ATM switch as a multi-channel backplane in a communication network | |
EP1393192B1 (en) | Method and system for connecting virtual circuits across an ethernet switch | |
US5570362A (en) | System for transferring variable length cells under ATM | |
JP4602794B2 (en) | System, method, and program for reassembling ATM data in real time | |
US6233258B1 (en) | ATM cell multiplexing system | |
US6590896B1 (en) | ATM communications system for transmitting internet data packets | |
WO1997004566A1 (en) | Converting between an internal cell and multiple standard asynchronous transfer mode cells | |
Cisco | ATM Technology | |
Cisco | ATM Technology | |
EP0979566B1 (en) | Data suppression and regeneration | |
EP0941592B1 (en) | Routing of packets in a telecommunications system | |
JP3014619B2 (en) | Asynchronous transfer mode communication system, cell disassembly apparatus therefor, and asynchronous transfer mode communication method | |
JPH1174892A (en) | Cell switchboard | |
KR100480042B1 (en) | Atm cell receiving apparatus of atm switching system | |
KR0154089B1 (en) | Input-buffer type atm private switching network ess | |
KR0169644B1 (en) | Interface module of atm-mss | |
EP1161818B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for performing packet synchronized switch-over | |
WO1997004560A1 (en) | Mapping a data cell in a communication switch | |
WO1997004569A1 (en) | Port and link identification | |
JPH10322349A (en) | Atm communication equipment and atm communication system | |
KR20020022438A (en) | Data transfer path decision apparatus for asynchronous transfer mode system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): KE LS MW SD SZ UG AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1997 506891 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: CA |