WO1996036684A1 - Procede de raffinage d'huile alimentaire - Google Patents

Procede de raffinage d'huile alimentaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996036684A1
WO1996036684A1 PCT/EP1996/001937 EP9601937W WO9636684A1 WO 1996036684 A1 WO1996036684 A1 WO 1996036684A1 EP 9601937 W EP9601937 W EP 9601937W WO 9636684 A1 WO9636684 A1 WO 9636684A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
heat treatment
process according
during
refining
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/001937
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leo Brunia
Johan Paul T. Geurtsen
Martin Roger Grote
Karel P. A. M. Putte
Original Assignee
Unilever N.V.
Unilever Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever N.V., Unilever Plc filed Critical Unilever N.V.
Priority to AU58160/96A priority Critical patent/AU5816096A/en
Publication of WO1996036684A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996036684A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for refining an edible oil comprising the steps of - degumming crude oil,
  • Such a method is known, for example from JP 51/109908 in the name of Asahi Denka Kogyo KK.
  • palm oil is first treated with an acid, followed by neutralization in order to neutralize the acid which is added in the preceding step.
  • the oil being freed from insoluble substances, is subjected to a heat treatment at 180°C - 270°C in the absence of oxygen but in contrast to the other process steps not in vacuo.
  • the heat treatment is carried out in order to decompose colour imparting substances, in particular carotenoids and colour precursors.
  • the oil is treated with an adsorbent in order to remove unwanted components, followed by removing the insoluble substances with the adsorbent from the oil.
  • the oil is deacidified and deodorized by sparging with steam at 180°C - 270°C.
  • JP 54/088904 describes a refining method where acid treated palm oil is heated at ⁇ 100°C under reduced pressure but in the presence of a decolouring agent. Steam distillation is carried out after removal of the decolouring agent. The heat treatment has the effect that the carotenoids and colour precursors in the edible oil are effectively decomposed.
  • Bleaching earth is the usually employed decolourizing agent.
  • spent bleaching earth gives rise to a disposal problem and, moreover, bleaching earth is a rela- tively expensive material.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a process according to the preamble of claim 1, in which the removal of the unwanted components, in particular the colour imparting substances, is at least equal if not better than obtained with the methods according to the prior art and which effect is accomplished using less adsorbent, particularly bleaching earth.
  • the present invention provides a process for refining an edible oil comprising the steps of degumming crude oil, subjecting the oil to a heat treatment at 170°C 300°C under vacuum conditions, removing unwanted components and - deodorizing the oil, which process is characterised in that during the heat treatment the oil is substantially free from adsorbent.
  • bleaching earth before the deodorisation treatment is optional. hen using bleaching earth, its amount can be limited to less than 1 wt.% and often to less than 0.5 wt.%. This is less than the amounts used in the prior art methods: e.g. 2-4 wt.% in the method according to JP 51/109908.
  • the bleaching earth treatment even can be dispensed with when applying the invention for refining oils to be used for specific applications such as for margarine manufacture: a mere filtration is sufficient in order to clear the oil.
  • the heat treatment is preferably continued for 30 minutes or more.
  • the heat treatment is carried out at 180°C - 270°C.
  • the lower temperatures are preferred.
  • the heat treatment need to be prolonged in order to obtain the same bleach result.
  • the heat treatment comprises successive heating phases, at least one of which is in the 170°C - 300°C range.
  • a preferred temperature regime is: - about 270°C during 10-50 minutes,
  • the heat treatment comprises sparging with a heated inert gas, for example nitrogen. Sparging not only destroys the colour imparting substances, but also removes the degradation products from the oil.
  • An additional advantage of the method according to the present invention is a substantially reduced colour reversal of the obtained oil in comparison with tradition ⁇ ally treated oils. According to traditional methods colour reversal can be limited only when relatively large amounts of expensive bleaching earth are used.
  • oils are liquefied fats, in the context of this specification oils comprise the fats which although solid at ambient temperature are liquid at the temperature of the heat treatment.
  • the usual way to measure the colour of palm oil is establishing the Lovibond colour values, particularly the red (R) and yellow (Y) values.
  • palm oil may exhibit a Lovibond value as low as 1.8 (R) .
  • R 1.8
  • Palm oils which have been cleared by traditional bleaching treatments have a E268 value which always is higher than 1.00.
  • the degumming step comprises an acid degumming method.
  • the acid degumming method comprises adding an edible acid, like e.g. phosphoric acid, citric acid or maleic acid, to the oil whereby non-hydratable phospholipids, mainly present as Ca and/or Mg-salts of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidyl ethanol amine, are rendered hydratable with water. Hydrated phospholipids will coagulate as a so-called gum-phase (lecithine) , which is removed from the oil together with metal contaminants.
  • the oil is subjected to a filtration step before the heat treatment, thereby still further lowering the content of phospholipids in the oil.
  • a chemically inactive filter aid for said filtration step, e.g. one which advantageously comprises vegetable fibres.
  • a suitable filter aid is
  • LignocelTM which consists of organic vegetable fibres left in their natural state.
  • 0.5 wt.% of LignocelTM may suffice.
  • a silica gel such as TrisylTM may be used.
  • spent bleaching earth it is also possible to use spent bleaching earth as a filter aid.
  • the present invention comprises also a refined clear edible oil obtainable by the refining method according to the present invention and which oil is characterized by a Lovibond red value which is less than 3, while the E268 extinction is not higher than 1.0, preferably not higher than 0.8.
  • Comparison sample (A) of crude palm oil (a mixture originating from Sumatra and New Guinea) was degummed using 0.08 wt.% of a 50% phosphoric acid solution, then bleached with 2 wt.% of Tonsil Standard FFTM and finally deodorized by steaming at 270°C for 2 hours.
  • Another sample (1) was subjected to the same treatment, but in this case the bleaching step was preceeded first by a filtration step using 0.5 wt.% of Lignocel HB 120TM, where the oil after admixing with the Lignocel was dried for better adherence of the impurities to the filter aid. Then the oil was submitted to a heating treatment under vacuum conditions first at 270°C for 30 minutes and then at 240°C for 1.5 hours. For the bleaching step the oil, when cooled to 110°C, was admixed with 0.25 wt.% of Tonsil Standard FFTM.
  • Table I shows the Lovibond colour values immediately after steaming and after colour reversion.
  • Table II shows the E232 and the E268 extinctions before and after the refining treatment.
  • the Lovibond values were established using a PFX 990 type measuring instrument. For colour reversion both samples were allowed to stay in a dark place for 24 hours at 60°C. After said period the Lovibond colours (R) and (Y) returned, as shown in table I.
  • the samples 1 and A although having about the same Lovibond red values, differ substantially in their E268 values. This clearly distinguishes the oils refined according to the present invention (sample 1) from the oils refined according to the prior art methods (sample A) .
  • Comparison sample B was subjected to a bleaching step using 5.0 wt.% of Tonsil Standard FF, followed by a deodorisation step at 270°C during two hours.
  • Sample 2 was first subjected to a filtration step using 0.5 wt.% of Lignocel HB 120TM, followed by a heat treatment step under vacuum conditions during 30 minutes at 270°C and during 1.5 hours at 240°C. Subsequently, the sample was cooled to 110°C and bleached with merely 1.8 wt.% of Tonsil Standard FF and deodorised at 270°C for two hours.
  • Table III shows the Lovibond colours after steaming and after colour reversion. These colours are comparable for both sample B and sample 2 (which has been subjected to the refining ' method according to the present invention) . Therefore, by applying the refining method according to the present invention an oil with a satisfactory colour can be obtained using a considerably reduced amount of bleaching earth.
  • Lov. R ( 1) Lov. R (2 ) Lov. Y (1) Lov. Y (2 )
  • An acid degummed palm oil sample 3 was filtrated with 0.5 wt% of Lignocel HB 120TM and heated under vacuum conditions during 30 minutes at 270°C and during 1.5 hours at 240°C.
  • the palm oil sample was once again filtrated using 0.5 wt% of Lignocel HB 120TM.
  • Table IV shows the Lovibond colours immediately after steaming and after colour reversion.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de raffinage d'huile alimentaire, comprenant les étapes suivantes: démucilagination de l'huile brute; traitement thermique de l'huile sous vide; extraction des constituants indésirables et opération destinée à désodoriser l'huile. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que, durant le traitement thermique, l'huile est pratiquement exempte d'adsorbant. Même sans l'utilisation d'adsorbant, ce procédé permet d'obtenir une huile présentant une couleur acceptable.
PCT/EP1996/001937 1995-05-16 1996-05-07 Procede de raffinage d'huile alimentaire WO1996036684A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU58160/96A AU5816096A (en) 1995-05-16 1996-05-07 Method for refining an edible oil

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95201274.8 1995-05-16
EP95201274 1995-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996036684A1 true WO1996036684A1 (fr) 1996-11-21

Family

ID=8220299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/001937 WO1996036684A1 (fr) 1995-05-16 1996-05-07 Procede de raffinage d'huile alimentaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5816096A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996036684A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009107096A2 (fr) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita' Di Bologna Procédé de clarification d'huile et appareil pour mettre en œuvre le procédé
US7741500B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2010-06-22 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US8609953B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2013-12-17 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US9480271B2 (en) 2009-09-15 2016-11-01 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US9701947B2 (en) 2003-08-21 2017-07-11 Monsanto Technology Llc Fatty acid desaturases from primula
EP2793612B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2019-05-01 Bunge Loders Croklaan B.V. Procédé de traitement d'une huile végétale
US10793498B2 (en) 2018-08-03 2020-10-06 Biomass Oil Separation Solutions, Llc Processes and apparatus for extraction of substances and enriched extracts from plant material
US10799546B1 (en) 2019-07-26 2020-10-13 Biomass Oil Separation Solutions, Llc Modular, integrated process and apparatus for extracting, refining and remediating active substances from plant material
US11034983B2 (en) 2004-04-16 2021-06-15 Monsanto Technology Llc Expression of fatty acid desaturases in corn

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB807600A (en) * 1956-04-21 1959-01-21 Max John Brinckman Sen Improvements in or relating to the bleaching of palm oil
JPS51109908A (ja) * 1975-03-22 1976-09-29 Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk Paamuyunoseiseiho
JPS5488904A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-07-14 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The Preparation of palm oil
GB1580664A (en) * 1977-08-02 1980-12-03 Sullivan Systems Inc Refining fatty oils
JPS59142296A (ja) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-15 工業技術院長 パ−ム油の精製法
US5243059A (en) * 1990-11-19 1993-09-07 Fuji Oil Company, Limited Process for preparing refined palm oil
WO1994012596A1 (fr) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-09 Unilever N.V. Procede de raffinage d'huiles comestibles

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB807600A (en) * 1956-04-21 1959-01-21 Max John Brinckman Sen Improvements in or relating to the bleaching of palm oil
JPS51109908A (ja) * 1975-03-22 1976-09-29 Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk Paamuyunoseiseiho
GB1580664A (en) * 1977-08-02 1980-12-03 Sullivan Systems Inc Refining fatty oils
JPS5488904A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-07-14 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The Preparation of palm oil
JPS59142296A (ja) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-15 工業技術院長 パ−ム油の精製法
US5243059A (en) * 1990-11-19 1993-09-07 Fuji Oil Company, Limited Process for preparing refined palm oil
WO1994012596A1 (fr) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-09 Unilever N.V. Procede de raffinage d'huiles comestibles

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 7646, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 76-85773X, XP002010685 *
DATABASE WPI Week 8047, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 80-83759C, XP002010684 *
DATABASE WPI Week 8439, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 84-240084, XP002010686 *
G.B. MARTINENGHI: "Traitements de l'huile de palme. II. Décoloration", OLEAGINEUX, vol. 27, no. 11, 1972, FR, pages 553 - 555, XP000579042 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 3, no. 109 (C - 058) 12 September 1979 (1979-09-12) *

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9701947B2 (en) 2003-08-21 2017-07-11 Monsanto Technology Llc Fatty acid desaturases from primula
US11041148B2 (en) 2003-08-21 2021-06-22 Monsanto Technology Llc Fatty acid desaturases from primula
US10174297B2 (en) 2003-08-21 2019-01-08 Monsanto Technology Llc Fatty acid desaturases from primula
US11034983B2 (en) 2004-04-16 2021-06-15 Monsanto Technology Llc Expression of fatty acid desaturases in corn
US10314317B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2019-06-11 Monsanto Technology Llc Seed oil compositions
US8057835B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2011-11-15 Monsanto Technology Llc Seed oil compositions
US8586773B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2013-11-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US7741500B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2010-06-22 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US8901299B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2014-12-02 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US7902388B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2011-03-08 Heise Jerald D High PUFA oil compositions
US9284511B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2016-03-15 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US9410108B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2016-08-09 Monsanto Technology Llc Seed oil compositions
US9961916B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2018-05-08 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US8247584B2 (en) 2004-11-04 2012-08-21 Monsanto Technology Llc Processes for preparation of oil compositions
US9062319B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2015-06-23 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US9873887B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2018-01-23 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US9410161B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2016-08-09 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US8609953B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2013-12-17 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US10570406B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2020-02-25 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
WO2009107096A3 (fr) * 2008-02-28 2009-10-22 Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita' Di Bologna Procédé de clarification d'huile et appareil pour mettre en œuvre le procédé
WO2009107096A2 (fr) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita' Di Bologna Procédé de clarification d'huile et appareil pour mettre en œuvre le procédé
US9816100B2 (en) 2009-09-15 2017-11-14 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US10208315B2 (en) 2009-09-15 2019-02-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
US9480271B2 (en) 2009-09-15 2016-11-01 Monsanto Technology Llc Soybean seed and oil compositions and methods of making same
EP2793612B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2019-05-01 Bunge Loders Croklaan B.V. Procédé de traitement d'une huile végétale
US10793498B2 (en) 2018-08-03 2020-10-06 Biomass Oil Separation Solutions, Llc Processes and apparatus for extraction of substances and enriched extracts from plant material
US10799546B1 (en) 2019-07-26 2020-10-13 Biomass Oil Separation Solutions, Llc Modular, integrated process and apparatus for extracting, refining and remediating active substances from plant material
US10993977B2 (en) 2019-07-26 2021-05-04 Biomass Oil Separation Solutions, Llc Modular, integrated process and apparatus for extracting, refining and remediating active substances from plant material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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