WO1996024805A1 - Procede et dispositif de destruction de composes nocifs dans les gaz de combustion d'incinerateurs - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de destruction de composes nocifs dans les gaz de combustion d'incinerateurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996024805A1
WO1996024805A1 PCT/US1996/001727 US9601727W WO9624805A1 WO 1996024805 A1 WO1996024805 A1 WO 1996024805A1 US 9601727 W US9601727 W US 9601727W WO 9624805 A1 WO9624805 A1 WO 9624805A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
accelerated
accelerated electron
gas stream
generator
diffuser chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/001727
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English (en)
Inventor
James Winchester
Original Assignee
James Winchester
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by James Winchester filed Critical James Winchester
Priority to AU49754/96A priority Critical patent/AU4975496A/en
Publication of WO1996024805A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996024805A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/081—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing particle radiation or gamma-radiation
    • B01J19/085—Electron beams only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/10—Preparation of ozone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/812—Electrons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/20—Non-catalytic reduction devices
    • F23J2219/201—Reducing species generators, e.g. plasma, corona
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/80—Quenching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to devices and processes for destroying hazardous compounds in incinerator flue gases or exhaust gases of combustion processes. More particularly, the invention relates to secondary or tertiary reaction chambers for use in incineration systems or combustion processes which require virtually total destruction of relatively small quantities of hazardous compounds found in flue or exhaust gas, particularly compounds from the dioxin and/or furan families.
  • Incineration systems and combustion processes in general do not typically achieve total incineration or combustion of the fuels being oxidized.
  • the flue gases or exhaust gases for these processes contain trace amounts of the original fuel as well as products of incomplete combustion and products of catalytic reformation. Even systems operating with secondary combustion chambers produce trace amounts of undesirable constituents in the flue or exhaust gas.
  • the families of compounds known as dioxins and furans are of particular concern today.
  • Incineration or combustion systems operating with chlorine containing compounds entering the combustion process are prone to produce polychlorinated dibenzo-p- dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD's and PCDF's) in trace amounts as flue gas constituents.
  • PCDD's and PCDF's polychlorinated dibenzofurans
  • Sulfur containing compounds may be mixed with the fuel stock to produce SO ? which reacts with and depletes free chlorine, resulting in a reduced likelihood of dioxin and furan production during the incineration or combustion process. Addition of sulfur containing compounds to the fuel stock also serves to deactivate copper catalysts present in the fly ash, reducing the possibility of catalytic reformation of dioxins or furans.
  • Another method used to reduce the levels of hazardous organic compounds in flue gas has been to inject activated carbon into the flue gases as a line powder to directly adsorb PCDD's and PCDF's along with other organic compounds and metal fumes.
  • Another method involves the identification of specific catalyst deactivation compounds which are injected into combustion gas streams to reduce the possibility of catalytic reformation of PCDD's and PCDF's.
  • oxidation catalytic reactors are being added to promote post combustion chamber oxidation of all varieties of residual organic compounds in flue gas including dioxins and furans. The problem with these approaches is that often times residual organic constituents are removed from the flue gas, only to end up in the fly ash and/or salts generated by the process.
  • a reaction chamber is the basis of the present invention.
  • the present invention includes a reaction chamber which may be connected to an existing incineration or combustion system to treat flue or exhaust gas, or incorporated into the design of new facilities.
  • Combustion gases pass through the reaction chamber carrying trace levels of the original fuel(s), products of incomplete combustion, and/or products of catalytic reformation.
  • accelerated electrons bombard individual molecules of the gas stream being treated, imparting energy sufficient to break weak molecular bonds and stimulate oxidation reactions.
  • Diatomic oxygen present in the gas being treated, or added to the gas stream in the reaction chamber is converted to highly reactive ozone by the bombardment of the accelerated electrons in the reaction chamber. The ozone then aggressively oxidizes organic molecules stimulated by bombardment with accelerated electrons.
  • Combustion gas temperature in the reaction chamber could range from ambient to 500 degrees Fahrenheit or higher and would preferably range from 350 to 450 degrees Fahrenheit. This preferred temperature range is below the minimum of the theorized temperature window for catalyzed de-nova syntheses of dioxins and furans, yet high enough to encourage oxidation of the energized molecules in the presence of ozone. Placing the reaction chamber down-stream from the paniculate removal system of an incineration or combustion process insures that the presence of fly ash (which may contain catalytic material) is minimized, further reducing the possibility of catalytic reformation of hazardous compounds including dioxins and furans.
  • an adiabatic quench system may be placed, followed by a wet scrubber for acid gas removal.
  • the presence of an adiabatic quench results in rapid reduction of the temperature of the combustion gas stream to approximately 175 degrees Fahrenheit, well below the minimum temperature required for catalyzed de-nova syntheses of dioxins and furans, further limiting formation of hazardous compounds.
  • the adiabatic quench system additionally provides for the safe absorption of accelerated electrons which might not have been absorbed by the gas stream being treated.
  • the adiabatic quench system and wet scrubbing system also efficiently remove residual ozone and other reactive gases from the combustion gas prior to release o the gas into the atmosphere.
  • reaction chamber of the present invention down-stream from th particulate removal system of the incineration or combustion process limits catalyti reformation caused by catalytic materials found within the removed particulate matter Bombardment of the gas stream with accelerated electrons provides the required energy t decompose weakly bonded molecules and facilitate oxidation of the molecular fragments Operation of the reaction chamber at relatively low temperatures followed by rapid coolin of the treated gas stream reduces the possibility of synthesis of dioxins, furans, and othe hazardous compounds during and after the bombardment of the gas stream by accelerate electrons.
  • the presence of oxygen in the reaction chamber results in the formation of ozon which aggressively oxidizes the organic molecules excited by accelerated electron bombardment. Utilizing the reaction chamber of the present invention prevents the formation of unwanted, often toxic, process-generated byproducts and at the same time reduces emission rates of hazardous compounds, including dioxins and furans.
  • FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an incineration system employing the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of one embodiment of the reaction chamber of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of one embodiment of the reaction chamber of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of one embodiment of the reaction chamber of the present invention taken along the line A- A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a detailed cross sectional view of the accelerated electron generator housing section of the reaction chamber of the present invention taken along the line A- A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of another embodiment of the reaction chamber of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of another embodiment of the reaction chamber of the present invention as shown in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of the reaction chamber of the present invention taken along the line B-B of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a detailed cross sectional view of the accelerated electron generator housing section of the reaction chamber of the present invention taken along line B-B of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 10 is a detailed perspective cut away view of the cooling mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of a complete incineration system process, including a reaction chamber 42 of the present invention.
  • the reaction chamber 42 is located after the particulate removal device 36, such as an electrostatic precipitator or baghouse, and immediately before the adiabatic quench device 44.
  • the present invention may combine the reaction chamber 42 and adiabatic quench device 44 into a single component. This location was chosen because of the potential for catalytic material in the fly ash. Removing the fly ash from the combustion gas stream will reduce the possibility of catalytic reformation of hazardous compounds in the reaction chamber 42.
  • the combustion gas is quickly cooled, reducing the opportunity for synthesis of hazardous compounds.
  • the typical incineration system involves a primary combustion chamber 10.
  • the material to be incinerated is fed to the primary combustion chamber 10 via waste entry means 12.
  • Air and additional fuels, as required, are provided to the primary combustion chamber 10 via fuel entry means 14.
  • Solid combustion products, such as ash, are removed from the primary combustion chamber 10 via ash exit means 16, and are transferred to a solid waste handling system 17.
  • Combustion gases are removed from the primary combustion chamber 10 via combustion gas exit means 18.
  • the combustion gas enters a cyclone 20 for further removal of entrained particulate material.
  • the combustion gases exit the cyclone 20 via the cyclone gas ex means 24, and are directed to the secondary combustion chamber 26.
  • the reaction chamber 42 of the prese invention can be used with or without a secondary combustion chamber 26 in place. Air an additional fuels, as required, are provided to the secondary combustion chamber 26 vi secondary combustion chamber fuel entry means 28. Combustion gases are removed fro the secondary combustion chamber 26 via secondary combustion chamber gas exit means 30
  • the combustion gases exiting the secondary combustion chamber 26 are directed t a combustion gas cooler 32.
  • the combustion gas cooler 32 may be a heat recovery boiler a heat exchanger of some type, a spray dryer for brine, or an evaporative cooler utilizin water spray.
  • the particulat removal device 36 such as an electrostatic precipitator or baghouse, via the combustion ga cooler gas exit means 34.
  • the particulate removal device 36 is combine with a reactive gas removal device. Certain acid gases are created during the combustio process and must be removed before the gas is released to the atmosphere. Particulat removal and reactive gas removal are sometimes accomplished by the " same process device.
  • High energy Venturi systems and jet eductor scrubbers remove both paniculate matter an reactive gases from combustion streams.
  • th most efficient systems utilizing the reaction chamber 42 of the present invention consist o individual components addressing these individual process functions.
  • Fabric filters (baghouses) and electrostatic precipitators are very efficient for the removal of particulat matter from combustion gases.
  • Packed bed absorbers, Venturi absorbers, and other "wet scrubbing" systems are best directed at reactive gases such as HC1.
  • the reactive gas removal device 46 is separate from the particulate removal device 36, and is placed after the reaction chamber 42 of the present invention, and serves to remove not only any reactive gas which may result from combustion occurring in the primary combustion chamber 10 and secondary combustion chamber 26, but also any reactive gas resulting from the reaction chamber 42.
  • the "blow-down" from the wet scrubber/absorber is often used in connection with the combustion gas cooler 32.
  • the “blow-down” is sprayed into the combustion gas cooler 32 at a rate sufficient to cool the combustion gas down to the range of 400 to 500 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • the “blow-down” from the wet scrubber/absorber is neutralized by injection of an alkali resulting in the formation of salt(s). The salts remain dissolved in the wet scrubber/absorber "blow-down” until liberated as dry crystals in the combustion gas cooler 32.
  • the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 Combustion gas from the particulate removal device 36 is directed to the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50, and enters the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 via the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber entry means 51.
  • the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 is comprised of three main sections. Combustion gas first enters the accelerated electron generator housing section 52. It then flows around the accelerated electron generator subhousing 65, and through the throat 54 of the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 into the second main section, the electron spray diffuser section 56.
  • the combustion gas From the electron spray diffuser section 56, the combustion gas enters the adiabatic quench section 58. The combustion gas then exits the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 via the electro spray/adiabatic quench chamber exit means 59, where it is directed to a reactive gas remova device 46, discussed above.
  • the accelerated electron generator housing sectio 52 contains an accelerated electron generator 60, which is centrally located within th accelerated electron generator housing section 52, and which is positioned to fire along th axis of the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50, through the throat 54.
  • the throat 54 is sized so as to produce a low to moderate pressure drop (0.5 to 10 inches of water) as the combustion gas flows through the throat 54. This pressure drop and the sizing of the throat 54 causes the combustion gas to flow turbulently through the throat 54 of the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50.
  • the accelerated electrons generated by the accelerated electron generator 60 pass through an opening in the dispersion anode 76 which causes the accelerated electrons to disperse in a conical shape.
  • the dispersion anode 76 is sized and operated such that the outer surfaces of the cone of accelerated electrons formed by the dispersion anode 76 and passing through the opening in the dispersion anode 76, approximates the conical shape of the electron spray diffuser section 56. This design provides near complete coverage of the entire volume of the electron spray diffuser section 56 with the accelerated electrons while avoiding bombardment of the electron spray diffuser section 56 interior wall surfaces by the accelerated electrons.
  • the turbulent flow of the combustion gas through the throat 54 of the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 also provides a high probability of contact between the accelerated electrons and the combustion gases flowing through the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50.
  • the interior walls of the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 may be covered with plastic or other material of low atomic number to minimize the creation of X- rays resulting from collisions between impinging electrons and metal surfaces.
  • the accelerated electron generator 60 is suspended in the center of the accelerated electron generator housing section 52 by one or more fins 61 which are attached to the side walls of the accelerated electron generator housing section 52. These fins 61 provide a route for electrical power and cooling/purge air or oxygen to the accelerated electron generator 60.
  • the combustion gas to be treated flows through the openings between the fins 61 and on toward the throat 54.
  • Air, oxygen or other gas used to cool the high vacuum window 53 may be provided through one or more of the fins 61.
  • cooling gas is provided via one or more cooling gas lines 70, such that the gas is directed to the high vacuum window 53.
  • the cooling gas lines 70 pass through one or more of the fins 61.
  • the air, oxygen or other gas serves to cool the high vacuum window 53, and could be used to cool other components of the accelerated electron generator 60, if needed.
  • the use of air or oxygen as coolant provides a source of ozone, which, when released into the gas stream being treated, reacts with the organic compounds excited by the bombardment with accelerated electrons to further oxidize those compounds. Ozone is readily formed from oxygen subjected to the accelerated electron bombardment.
  • the amount of air or oxygen needed, and the resulting ozone depends upon a number of factors, including the nature and amount of the undesired organic compounds contained within the combustion gas stream, the amount of oxygen already present in the combustion gas stream, the intensity of the accelerated electron spray, and the temperature of the combustion gas stream, as well as other factors.
  • ozone may be included in the gas stream used to cool the high vacuum window 53. Ozone may be supplied in this manner in place of, or in addition to, the ozone generated from diatomic oxygen in the gas stream used to cool the high vacuum window 53.
  • ozone and/or diatomic oxygen may be added directly to the combustion gas being treated, rather than as a pan of the cooling gas stream directed to the high vacuum window 53.
  • the high vacuum window 53 and/or other components of the accelerated electron generator 60 may be cooled by the gas stream to be treated.
  • the feasibility of this approach will depend upon the temperature and velocity of the gas stream, and the amount of heat removal required, as well as other factors.
  • the accelerated electron generator 60 is provided with an emitting cathode 74, an a dispersion anode 76. Electrical power is provided to the accelerated electron generator 6 by dispersion anode wire 67 and emitting cathode wire 69. Both dispersion anode wire 6 and emitting cathode wire 69 pass through one or more fins 61 to accelerated electron generator 60.
  • accelerated electron generator subhousing 65 which surrounds and protects accelerated electron generator 60 from the gas stream being treated. The necessity for an accelerated electron generator subhousing 65 will depend upon the nature of the gas stream being treated.
  • the adiabatic quench section 58 connected to the down-stream end of the electron spray diffuser section 56 is intended to both cool the combustion gas stream to adiabatic saturation temperature and to capture and absorb accelerated electrons that complete the flight through the electron spray diffuser section 56 without being absorbed by constituents of the gas stream.
  • One or more spray nozzles 62 are oriented around the walls of the adiabatic quench section 58 to provide a water spray which fills the adiabatic quench section 58. Not only are surviving accelerated electrons absorbed by the water spray, but residual ozone and other reactive gases may also be efficiently removed.
  • the temperature and intensity of the water spray should be such that combustion gas temperature is rapidly lowered to near 175 degrees Fahrenheit, reducing the opportunity for reformation of hazardous compounds.
  • the combustion gas and water from the water spray is removed from the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 via electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber exit means 59. This mixture is then directed to the reactive gas removal device 46 as shown in Figure 1.
  • Bombardment of the combustion gas by the accelerated electrons at temperatures in the range of 350 to 450 degrees in the presence of ozone results In the destruction of hazardous compounds, including dioxins and furans. Rapid cooling of the combustion gases to near 175 degrees Fahrenheit prevents the reformation of hazardous materials, particularly in light of the absence of catalytic materials, such materials having been previously removed from the combustion gas by the particulate removal device 36. Removal of remaining reactive gases, such as HC1 and ozone, is all that must be done to render the treated combustion gas ready for atmospheric disposal.
  • Figures 6-9 illustrate a second embodiment of the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50, wherein the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber entry means 51 is moved such that the combustion gas stream enters the accelerated electron generator housing section 52 from the side of the accelerated electron generator housing section 52 rather than from the end of said section.
  • This configuration may be better suited physically to certain applications, and also provides for easier access to the accelerated electron generator 60 than the configuration shown in Figure 2. Easier access to the accelerated electron generator 60 facilitates more efficient maintenance of the accelerated electron generator 60.
  • the configuration of this embodiment does not require the fins 61 found in the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5. Access to and removal and repair or replacement of the accelerated electron generator 60 is made easier by the absence of fins 61.
  • Other aspects of this embodiment of the invention are the same as those discussed above.
  • Entry means 51 may be moved to any point of the accelerated electron generator housing section 52, and is not limited to the locations identified in the two described embodiments. Further, the direction of the flow of the combustion gas upon entry into the accelerated electron generator housing section 52 may be at any angle relative to the direction of electron flow. Combustion gas may be fed into the accelerated electron generator housing section 52 near the throat 54, rather than at a point requiring flow around or adjacent the accelerated electron generator 60. Various applications may require differing locations and configuration angles of entry means 51.
  • Figure 10 shows in detail the method by which cooling air, oxygen, or other gas may be directed to the high vacuum window 53.
  • a cooling gas manifold 80 is located at the end of the accelerated electron generator 60 adjacent to the high vacuum window 53.
  • One or more cooling gas jets 82 direct cooling gas directly onto the high vacuum window 53.
  • the cooling gas is subjected to the spray of accelerated electrons passing through the high vacuum window 53, immediately beginning the process of converting any oxygen in the cooling gas into reactive ozone.
  • the cooling gas after impinging upon and cooling the high vacuum window 53, merges with the combustion gas stream being treated, such that any ozone formed in the cooling gas may react with molecular particles found or formed within the combustion gas stream.
  • the electron spray/adiabatic quench chamber 50 may easily be added to existing incineration or combustion processes to improve the quality of emitted flue or exhaust gases. It may also be incorporated into the design of new facilities. However, its use is not limited to industrial facilities of the type shown in Figure 1.
  • the adiabatic quench section 58 may not be needed.
  • One such application is treatment of exhaust gases originating from common internal combustion engines. Even inorganic gases (such as NO may be decomposed by the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un dispositif de destruction de composés nocifs dans les gaz de combustion ou d'échappement, notamment de composés de la famille des dioxines et/ou des furanes. Cette invention propose de traiter le flux de gaz en projetant un nuage d'électrons accélérés et d'ozone, ce qui permet de détruire les composés nocifs à des températures inférieures à celles nécessaires pour qu'ils puissent se reformer par catalyse. On produit l'ozone en faisant appel à de l'air ou de l'oxygène comme moyen de refroidissement de la fenêtre à vide poussé de la source d'électrons accélérés (60). Le flux d'air ou d'oxygène, contenant désormais l'ozone ainsi produit, est ensuite acheminé dans le flux de gas en cours de traitement. Les excédents d'électrons accélérés et d'ozone n'ayant pas réagi peuvent être extraits dans une zone de refroidissement rapide adiabatique (58) adjacente à la chambre de réaction (56), laquelle permet également d'abaisser rapidement la température du flux de gaz et de réduire ainsi les risques que les composés nocifs se reforment par catalyse.
PCT/US1996/001727 1995-02-08 1996-02-07 Procede et dispositif de destruction de composes nocifs dans les gaz de combustion d'incinerateurs WO1996024805A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49754/96A AU4975496A (en) 1995-02-08 1996-02-07 Process and device for destroying hazardous compounds in incinerator flue gas

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US38535495A 1995-02-08 1995-02-08
US08/385,354 1995-02-08

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0805306A3 (fr) * 1996-05-02 1999-05-26 Buck Werke GmbH & Co Procédé et dispositif d'élimination d'agents explosifs
FR3006602A1 (fr) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-12 Vivirad Dispositif de traitement d'au moins un flux d'effluents gazeux

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GB2173779A (en) * 1985-04-16 1986-10-22 Polymer Physik Gmbh Apparatus for the desulphurisation and denitration of exhaust gases by electron irradiation
DE3616800A1 (de) * 1986-05-17 1987-11-19 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Einrichtung zur bestrahlung stroemender medien
EP0405375A1 (fr) * 1989-06-29 1991-01-02 ABB Management AG Procédé pour la réduction de la de novo synthèse de dioxines et furanes
EP0417714A2 (fr) * 1989-09-11 1991-03-20 Nkk Corporation Procédé pour l'élimination de dioxine provenant de la combustion de déchets
EP0544480A1 (fr) * 1991-11-23 1993-06-02 Isambard Services Limited Oxidation sensibilisée par micro-ondes et radiofréquence
EP0577149A1 (fr) * 1989-02-07 1994-01-05 Ebara Corporation Procédé pour la purification de gaz d'échappement
WO1994006149A1 (fr) * 1992-09-08 1994-03-17 Schonberg Radiation Corporation Systeme et procede d'elimination de dechets toxiques
US5457269A (en) * 1992-09-08 1995-10-10 Zapit Technology, Inc. Oxidizing enhancement electron beam process and apparatus for contaminant treatment

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2173779A (en) * 1985-04-16 1986-10-22 Polymer Physik Gmbh Apparatus for the desulphurisation and denitration of exhaust gases by electron irradiation
DE3616800A1 (de) * 1986-05-17 1987-11-19 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Einrichtung zur bestrahlung stroemender medien
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EP0405375A1 (fr) * 1989-06-29 1991-01-02 ABB Management AG Procédé pour la réduction de la de novo synthèse de dioxines et furanes
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EP0805306A3 (fr) * 1996-05-02 1999-05-26 Buck Werke GmbH & Co Procédé et dispositif d'élimination d'agents explosifs
FR3006602A1 (fr) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-12 Vivirad Dispositif de traitement d'au moins un flux d'effluents gazeux
WO2014199053A1 (fr) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-18 Vivirad (Société Anonyme) Dispositif de traitement d'au moins un flux d'effluents gazeux et procédé de traitement correspondant
CN105283240A (zh) * 2013-06-10 2016-01-27 维维瑞德（有限公司） 用于处理至少一种气态流出物流的设备及相应的处理方法
KR20160018569A (ko) * 2013-06-10 2016-02-17 비비라드 (소시에테 아노님) 적어도 하나의 기체 배출물 흐름을 처리하기 위한 장치 및 대응하는 처리 방법
JP2016526476A (ja) * 2013-06-10 2016-09-05 ビビラッド 少なくとも１つのガス状排出流を処理する装置および対応する処理方法
AU2014279924B2 (en) * 2013-06-10 2018-04-19 Vivirad (Societe Anonyme) Device for treating at least one gaseous effluent stream and corresponding treatment method
US10493403B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2019-12-03 Vivirad Device for treating at least one gaseous effluent stream and corresponding treatment method
KR102214295B1 (ko) 2013-06-10 2021-02-08 비비라드 (소시에테 아노님) 적어도 하나의 기체 배출물 흐름을 처리하기 위한 장치 및 대응하는 처리 방법

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