Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
  • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
  • F23D14/48—Nozzles
  • F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes
  • F23D14/54—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes for cutting or welding metal

Definitions

• the present invention relates to flame cutting torches.
• torches known up to now comprise a nozzle having a cutting orifice and several heating orifices.
• the cutting hole ensures the flow of cutting oxygen to the workpiece.
• the heating orifices allow the workpiece to be heated by means of the combustion of a combustible gas in heating oxygen.
• the state of the art is illustrated by the documents DE-A-14 29 136, FR-A-444 349, DE-C-249 170, DE-B-12 09 973 and FR-E-9 375.
• the different parts required to bring these three gas streams to the nozzle are joined by welding or brazing to form a robust one-piece assembly.
• the conduits supplying these orifices are in communication with sources of oxygen and gas.
• the nozzle delimiting the downstream portions of the supply lines and having the aforementioned orifices, is often made in one piece. In some cases, elements have been fitted into one another (see DE-A-14 29 136) or juxtaposed and connected together by a removable collar (see FR-A-444 349).
• the nozzles are easily deteriorated. In particular, some of the orifices can be blocked by projections of molten liquid. It is generally necessary to completely replace the torch nozzle and replace it with a new nozzle.
• the invention aims to produce a torch whose maintenance can be ensured in a very short period of time, by means of inexpensive machined parts and having the desired precision so that they can be installed on the torch with a reliable positioning.
• the invention thus relates to an oxycou ⁇ page torch comprising at least one end forming an oxygen-cutting member which has at least one cutting orifice and heating orifices, at least one supply duct for the communicating cutting orifice with an oxygen source, and supply lines for the heating orifices communicating with the oxygen source and with a source of fuel gas.
• the cutting orifice and the duct which supplies it are delimited by a cutting element associated with this end, and the heating orifices and the ducts which supply them are delimited by a heating element associated with this end, the cutting element being distinct and separable from the heating element, the cutting and heating elements being secured by means of at least one removable connection and defining at at least in part said end forming an oxycou ⁇ page member.
• end forming an oxycou ⁇ page member here designates in the broad sense a part of the torch ensuring the functions of heating and supplying cutting oxygen and carrying out the oxycutting of a part.
• the cutting end comprises several heating orifices and one or more cutting orifices.
• the torch may include several ends forming an oxycutting member, arranged in a series alignment, for example along an axis.
• the heating and cutting functions are ensured by dissociable elements, secured to one another directly or by means of a or several other pieces. If one of the torch orifices is defective, it suffices to dismantle the connection ensuring the fixing to the torch of the element having this orifice and to replace this element with a new one. Only the defective part is then replaced, which reduces the cost of maintenance.
• connection being removable, this replacement can be carried out very quickly, without requiring the production line or cutting to be stopped.
• This will, for example, be a dog-type connection, an interlocking or a fixing by wedging.
• the change of the defective element can even be automated.
• the cutting and heating elements are distinct, they can each be made of materials adapted to their own function and to any manufacturing constraints which result therefrom.
• the heating element performs the burner function and not the cutting function, it can be made from a heat-resistant material without precise machining tolerances being required
• the cutting element is relatively little subjected to heat but must be machined to be precisely positioned in order to ensure good cutting precision, so that a easily machinable material will suffice to make this cutting element.
• the invention makes it possible to choose the materials and the manufacturing methods according to the function of each of the elements concerned and its conditions of use. The manufacturing costs of spare parts are therefore reduced.
• the cutting and heating elements communicate with their respective sources of oxygen and fuel gas supply by means of removable connectors.
• the cutting element comprises a cutting head having an oxygen election nozzle, this head defining a portion of the end forming an oxygen cutting member and being secured to the part remaining of the cutting element by means of a removable connection.
• At least one of the heating elements comprises a heating head having the heating orifices, this head defining a portion of the end forming an oxygen-cutting member and being secured to the remaining part of the heating element by means of 'a removable link.
• This version provides benefits similar to those of the previous version.
• the use of an indistinctly machined heating head is no longer penalizing at all, since it can be ensured that this heating head does not perform any function relating to the precision of the cup.
• the copper heating head will be produced, for example.
• the heating head has the shape of a crown and is arranged coaxially with the cutting head so that the heating head and the cutting head define respectively peripheral and central portions of the end forming an oxygen cutting member.
• This version shows that the production of the chalu ⁇ meau by means of a cutting element and a separable heating element is perfectly compatible with obtaining a torch provided with an end forming an oxycutting member of conventional type. , having heating orifices at the periphery of the cutting orifice.
• the torch in which the torch is designed to be movable during flame cutting in a given direction relative to the workpiece, at least some of the heating orifices are located upstream of the cutting orifices with reference to the aforementioned direction.
• the heating element here performs its function at least partially upstream of the cutting element.
• Several cutting openings can be arranged downstream in order to make several cuts, from this common heating of the room. Indeed, it is advantageous to have several cutting orifices for cutting thick pieces and in order to obtain a relatively flat cut edge.
• At least one of the cutting orifices is then installed so that its oxygen current forms with the vertical current from another orifice an angle in the plane of movement of the torch. The inclined current orifice thus performs the cut in the vertical extension of the cut made by the vertical current orifice.
• the torch further comprises a separate torch body which can be separated from the cutting and heating elements, the removable links then joining the cutting element to the body and the heating element to the body.
• a torch body which alone supports a large part of the machining constraints linked to the fixing and positioning of the cutting and heating elements.
• This body will for example be made of steel, an easily machinable material.
• the only machining constraints on the cutting and heating elements are then those relating to their connection to the body.
• the cost of spare parts is therefore further reduced.
• the body has at least one housing for receiving and supporting a cutting or heating element as mentioned above, this housing ensuring both the positioning and the removable fixing of the element to the body.
• This device allows particularly quick and easy replacement of the element in question. he can for example be a conical housing.
• the torch comprises several ends forming an oxygen cutting member, the heating and cutting elements being integral with a single torch body.
• FIG. 1 is an axial sectional elevation view of a first embodiment of the invention, -
• FIG. 1 is a bottom view of the torch of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a schematic view in axial section in elevation of a second embodiment of the invention
• - - Figure 4 is a view in axial section in elevation of a third embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the torch of Figure 4 along the plane V-V;
• FIG. 6 is an axial sectional elevation view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the torch of Figure 6 along the plane VII-VII without the cutting element 136.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the flame cutting torch according to the invention, used, like the following, in the steel industry for cutting a steel plate 2.
• the torch 1 in this case comprises an end forming an oxygen-cutting member 4, in particular visible from below in FIG. 2.
• This end 4 has a cutting orifice 6 and heating orifices 8.
• the torch also has a duct supply 10 of the cutting orifice 6.
• This conduit 10 communicates with a source of oxygen not shown.
• the torch 1 also has supply conduits 12 and 14 for the heating orifices 8, these conduits communicating respectively with the source of oxygen and with a source of fuel gas which is not shown.
• the cutting orifice 6 and the conduit 10 which feeds it are delimited by a cutting element 16 associated with the end forming an oxygen-cutting member 4.
• the cutting element 16 communicates with the power supply in oxygen by means of a removable connection 24.
• the cutting element 16 comprises a tube 22 delimiting the upstream portion of the conduit 10 and carrying the removable connector 24 for the connection of the cutting element 16 to the oxygen supply source.
• the cutting element 16 also includes a cutting head 26 having the orifice 6 which is in this case an oxygen ejection nozzle.
• a conduit 17 of the cutting head 26 puts the nozzle 6 in communication with the tubing 22.
• the head 26 defines a portion of the end forming an oxy ⁇ cutting member 4.
• the head 26 is secured to the remaining part of the 'cutting element 16, in this case the conduit 22, by means of a removable connection, for example a screw-nut connection.
• the duct 22, the head 26 and the nozzle 6 are coaxial with a common axis 28 and preferably have a circular cross section.
• the nozzle 6 is of conical shape.
• the cutting head 26 is for example made of ceramic.
• the heating orifices 8 and the conduits 12, 14 which supply them are delimited by a heating element 18 associated with the end 4.
• the heating element 18 communicates with its respective sources of oxygen and fuel gas supply to the by means of removable connectors 30 and 32.
• the removable couplings 24, 30, 32 are for example of the safety quick coupling type.
• the heating element 18 comprises two pipes 34, 36 delimiting the upstream portions of the conduits 12, 14 for supplying oxygen and fuel gas to the heating element 18. These pipes 34, 36 carry the aforementioned respective removable connectors 30, 32 for the connection of the element 18 to said power sources.
• the heating element 18 further comprises a heating head 38 having the heating orifices 8. This head 38 defines a portion of the end forming an oxygen cutting member 4. It is secured to the remaining part of the heating element. heats 18, here the pipes 34, 36, by means of a removable connection which is for example a screw-nut connection.
• the heating head 38 has here the shape of a crown.
• the orifices 8 form a circle on the underside of the heating head 38, as shown in FIG. 2.
• the heating head 38 comprises an inner toroidal annular chamber 40, communicating with the pipes 34, 36 for mixing the heating oxygen and fuel gas in the chamber 40 and the mixture supply of the orifices 8.
• the heating head 38 is preferably made of copper.
• the cutting element 16 is distinct and separa ⁇ ble from the heating element 18, and the cutting elements 16 and heating element 18 are secured by means of at least one connection removable.
• the cutting elements 16 and heating elements 18 def ⁇ ne at least partially the end forming an oxygen-cutting member 4.
• the cutting elements 16 and heating elements 18 define this end 4 alone.
• the heating head 38 is arranged coaxially with the cutting head 26, so that the heating head and the cutting head define the respectively peripheral and central portions of the end forming an oxygen-cutting member 4
• the torch 1 further comprises a torch body 46 distinct and separable from the cutting 16 and heating elements 18.
• the body 46 in this case has a generally annular shape coaxial with the cutting and heating elements.
• the removable connections securing the cutting element 16 to the heating element 18 are constituted by a removable connection securing the cutting element 16 directly to the body 46 and the heating element 18 directly to the body 46
• These two removable links are constituted here by crabot ⁇ links.
• a cylindrical outer face 42 of the cutting head 26 and a cylindrical inner face 44 of the body 46 carry tenons and notches not shown constituting the first connection by dogs, - likewise a conical outer face 48 of the body 46 and a conical inner face 54 of the heating head 38 carry pins and notches not shown constituting the second connection by crabot ⁇ , the two cones in question being coaxial and having the same angle at the top.
• a conical outer face 50 of the cutting head 26 and a conical inner face 52 of the body 46 abut one against the other, the two cones in question being coaxial and having the same angle at the Mountain peak.
• the cutting element 16 and the cutting element heaters 18 are secured to each other, via the body 46, via their respective heads 26, 38.
• the faces 44 and 52 of the body define a housing for receiving and supporting the head 26 of the cutting element 16, this housing ensuring both the positioning and the removable fixing of the cutting element 16 to the body 46.
• the pipes 34 and 36 pass through the body 46 parallel to the axis 28 passing through channels 56.
• the torch body 46 extends partly outside the torch to allow the torch 1 to be fixed on a predetermined support 58 via the body 46.
• This support 58 is for example a conventional tool holder.
• the torch body 46 is preferably made of steel.
• blowtorch which has just been described operates in the following manner.
• the pipes 34 and 36 supply the heating head 38 respectively with heating oxygen and fuel gas. These two fluids mix in the annular chamber 40. The mixture thus produced escapes through the orifices 8 where it is consumed, producing flames orien ⁇ ted towards the workpiece 2, according to the surface of a cone d 'axis 28 of vertex facing part 2.
• the tubing 22 supplies the cutting head 26 with cutting oxygen. This escapes through the nozzle 6 to be projected towards the part of the part 2 heated by the orifices 8 to make the cut.
• the assembly of the torch is carried out for example in the following manner.
• the tubing 22 is connected to the cutting head 26 to constitute the cutting element 16.
• the heating head 38 is rusted on the body 46.
• the tubing 34, 36 in the channels 56 those are locked. -this at the heating head 38 to constitute the heating element 18.
• the locking head is locked section 26 on the body 46 to fix the cutting element to the body 46.
• the connections 24, 30, 32 are connected to the respective pipes 22, 34, 36 and to the corresponding power sources. If any of the parts constituting the torch 1 is damaged, for example the cutting head 26 or heating head 38, its disassembly and replacement can be carried out immediately. Replacing the only defective part provides a working torch.
• All the parts, in particular the cutting head 26, the heating head 38 and the body 46, can be produced from the materials and according to the modes best suited to the situation.
• the heating head 38 does not perform any function relating to the precision of the cut. A loosely dimension tolerance may therefore suffice.
• the body 46 ensures the fixing and adjustment of the cutting head 26. Its dimension tolerances will therefore be very precise, which does not pose any difficulty in production since the body 46 is here made of steel.
• the cutting head 26 may have a lateral duct 51, drawn in dotted lines, leading to the end forming an oxygen-cutting member 4 through an orifice 55, and to the upper face of the cutting head 26 to be connected to the fuel gas source there, via a conduit 53 also drawn in dotted lines.
• the end forming the flame-cutting member 4 is thus provided with a pure fuel gas orifice, the addition of which, in addition to the oxygen mixture of fuel gas heater supplied by the orifices 8, can constitute an advantage in certain applications.
• FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment very close to the first, in which the identical references designate the same components.
• the torch 3 comprises several ends forming an oxygen cutting member 4a, 4b, 4c, in this case three. Each end 4a, 4b, 4c is in all points similar to the end 4 of the first embodiment.
• the only difference between the torch 1 and the torch 3 lies in the fact that the three cutting elements 16 and the three heating elements 18 are integral with a single torch body 60, common to the three ends 4a, 4b, 4c.
• the cutting and heating elements are connected to the body 60 by removable links identical to those of the previous embodiment.
• the torch 3 is supported via its body 60 by a tool holder 62.
• Such a torch allows for example to make several cuts simultaneously in the vertical extension of one another to cut a thick piece more quickly , as explained in the preamble to this application.
• the axis 28c thus inclined is shown in dotted lines.
• the end 4c then performs the cut in the extension of the cut made by the end 4b.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 show a third embodiment of the invention in which the similar elements have the same references.
• the torch 5 comprises one end forming an oxygen cutting member 64 having a central cutting orifice 66 and a peripheral heating orifice 68.
• the torch 5 comprises a cutting element 70 comprising a nozzle forming a cutting head 72 which has the cutting orifice 66, and a tube 74 which constitutes the supply conduit for the cutting orifice 66.
• the torch 5 also includes a heating element 76. This comprises a hollow nozzle forming a heating head 78, the downstream portion 80 has a conical shape and the upstream portion 84 a cylindrical shape.
• the heating element also comprises a veil 82 arranged transversely to the nozzle 78 and fixed to its upstream cylindrical portion 84.
• a disc 85 is also fixed transversely to the pipe 74 of the cutting element 70.
• the heating element 76 also comprises two pipes 86 and 88 parallel to the axis 87, which constitute the supply conduits for the heating orifice 68 in heating oxygen and fuel gas respectively.
• the downstream end 90 of the pipes 86, 88 passes through the web 82 to open into the nozzle 78.
• the upstream end 92 of the pipes 86, 88 crosses the disc 85 to open up outside the torch.
• the pipes 74, 86, 88 carry at their upstream end removable connectors 24, 30, 32 as mentioned above for the connection of the cutting elements 70 and the heating elements 76 to the supply sources of the torch. As shown in FIG. 5, the tubes 74, 86, 88 carry at their upstream end removable connectors 24, 30, 32 as mentioned above for the connection of the cutting elements 70 and the heating elements 76 to the supply sources of the torch. As shown in FIG. 5, the tubes 74, 86, 88 carry at their upstream end removable connectors 24, 30, 32 as mentioned above for the connection of the cutting elements 70 and the heating elements 76 to the supply sources of the torch. As shown in FIG. 5, the tubes 74,
• the torch 5 also comprises an elongated cylindrical sleeve 100 extending from the disc 85 to the upstream cylindrical portion 84 of the nozzle 78.
• the web 82 is fixed to the nozzle 78 by tightening inside the portion cylindrical 84.
• the nozzle 78 is fixed to the sheath 100 by clamping inside the latter.
• the parts constituting the torch 5 are preferably made of steel, with the exception of the nozzle 78 which is made of copper.
• the cutting elements 70 and the heating elements 76 alone define said end forming an oxygen cutting member 64, by means of the nozzle 72 and the nozzle 78.
• the nozzle forming the heating head 78 has the shape of a crown and is arranged coaxially with the nozzle forming the cutting head 72, so that the heating head 78 and the cutting head 72 define respectively peripheral and central portions of the end forming an oxygen cutting member 64.
• the hollow nozzle 78 delimits an enclosure 79 supplied by the tubes 86 and 88, in which the heating oxygen and the fuel gas are mixed. This mixture is consumed at the heating orifice 68 of the extremity forming an oxygen-cutting member 64 to heat the part to be cut. This heating occurs at the periphery of the orifice 66 for ejecting the cutting oxygen.
• the tubes 74, 86, 88 are engaged in the corresponding notches 94, 96, 98 of the disc 85.
• This disc is introduced at the upstream end of the sheath 100 to fix it there by clamping.
• the nozzle is introduced at the downstream end of the sheath 100 in order to fix it there by tightening, the veil 82 receiving the pipes 74, 86, 88 through its orifices.
• the torch is dismantled by performing the same operations in reverse order. You can freely change a defective part of the torch without this change being long or expensive. Thanks to its elongated shape, this torch is suitable for making cuts in places that are difficult to access.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 show a fourth embodiment of the invention.
• the torch 7 includes a heating element
• the latter comprises a heating head 112 of generally parallelepiped shape.
• the heating head has a cylindrical recess 114 opening at the upstream face 116 of the head 112.
• This recess contains a porous coaxial cylindrical sleeve 118 open at its upstream axial end 120, located on the side of the face 116, and closed at the other axial end 122 of the sleeve 118.
• the sleeve 118 is connected at its upstream axial end 120 to a conduit 124.
• This conduit 124 is connected in a manner not shown to a mixing chamber supplied itself by means of removable connectors, similar to those of the previous modes, to a source heating oxygen and a source of fuel gas.
• the sleeve 118 is thus supplied with an oxygen mixture of fuel gas heaters.
• the heating head 112 and the sleeve 118 constitute the heating element 110.
• the heating head 112 has on its lower face 126 two symmetrical rows of heating orifices 130, here eight in number per row. These orifices 130 place the lower face 126 in communication with the porous sleeve 118 which supplies them with an oxygen-fuel gas mixture.
• the heating head 112 could alternatively include burners of the conventional type, with the oxygen-gas fuel mixture being produced in the burner head.
• the torch 7 also comprises a body 132 of generally parallelepiped shape, extending in the extension of the heating head 112.
• the body 132 is fixed to the heating head by means of a removable connection formed here by a projection 133 of the body 132 fits both in a notch 135 of the heating head 112 with a tight fit. We can however use any other type of removable link.
• the body 132 has three housings 134a, 134b, 134c for receiving and supporting a cutting or heating element, so that each housing ensures both the positioning and the removable fixing of this element to the body 132.
• these housings 134a , 134b, 134c are intended to receive a cutting element such as that 136 shown in the housing 134a.
• Each housing has a cone shape with a vertical axis 138 orthogonal to the axis 154 of the sleeve 118, the tip of the cone being oriented downwards.
• Each housing is extended by a nozzle 140 having the shape of a cone coaxial with the housing and the point of which is turned upwards so that the two cones interpenetrate and are truncated at their point.
• the cutting element 136 comprises a cutting head 142 of conical outer shape having the same angle at the top as the cone of the housing 134a in order to fit perfectly inside the housing 134a.
• the cutting element 136 is automatically positioned when it is inserted into the housing 134a.
• Means for fixing the cutting element 136 to the body 132 may possibly be provided.
• the cutting head 142 is crossed along the axis of the cone by a conduit 144 ending in pre-nozzle 146 at the downstream end 143 of the head 142.
• the head 142 is supplied at its upstream end 148 by a tube 150 connected to a oxygen source by means of a removable connection 152 which is here a connection by quick coupling.
• the pre-nozzle 146 defines a cutting orifice.
• the end forming an oxygen-cutting member 158 of the torch 7 is therefore constituted by the lower face 126 of the heating head 112, the lower face 156 of the body 132 and the downstream end 143 of the cutting element 136, or cutting elements if several are installed. It is therefore here the body 132 and the cutting elements 136 and the heating elements 110 which define the end forming an oxygen-cutting member 158.
• the heating head 112 is preferably made of steel, as is the body 132 and the head cutting 142.
• the torch 7 is designed to be movable during flame cutting in a given direction relative to the workpiece. This direction is indicated in FIG. 6 by the arrow F oriented parallel to the axis 154 of the sleeve 118. Thus, the heating orifices 130 are located upstream of the cutting orifices 146 with reference to the direction of the arrow F.
• the portion of the part to be cut is therefore heated beforehand by the heating orifices 130. It is then flame cut by the cutting element 136 which projects the cutting oxygen through the nozzle 140.
• Each housing 134a, 134b, 134c can receive, as required, a cutting or heating element or be left empty.
• a cutting or heating element can receive, as required, a cutting or heating element or be left empty.
• heating element and / or the cutting element or elements can be replaced at will if they are defective.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Gas Burners (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9469599

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (5)

• 1994
  • 1994-12-08 FR FR9414771A patent/FR2727888A1/fr active Granted
• 1995
  • 1995-11-29 WO PCT/FR1995/001572 patent/WO1996018071A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 1995-11-29 AU AU42650/96A patent/AU4265096A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-11-29 CA CA 2207176 patent/CA2207176A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-12-08 ZA ZA9510443A patent/ZA9510443B/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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