WO1996013299A1 - Machine a usage therapeutique destinee au traitement de l'hypothermie et des etats d'hyperthermie - Google Patents

Machine a usage therapeutique destinee au traitement de l'hypothermie et des etats d'hyperthermie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996013299A1
WO1996013299A1 PCT/US1994/012534 US9412534W WO9613299A1 WO 1996013299 A1 WO1996013299 A1 WO 1996013299A1 US 9412534 W US9412534 W US 9412534W WO 9613299 A1 WO9613299 A1 WO 9613299A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
patient
flow
apparatus described
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/012534
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Victorio C. Rodriguez
Original Assignee
Rodriguez Victorio C
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rodriguez Victorio C filed Critical Rodriguez Victorio C
Priority to AU10860/95A priority Critical patent/AU1086095A/en
Priority to PCT/US1994/012534 priority patent/WO1996013299A1/fr
Priority to GB9708438A priority patent/GB2308548A/en
Publication of WO1996013299A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996013299A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/0053—Cabins, rooms, chairs or units for treatment with a hot or cold circulating fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0059—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with an open fluid circuit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/0097—Blankets with active heating or cooling sources

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a method and equipment therefor to provide treatment for health care patients suffering from either acute hypothermia (excessively depressed body temperature) or acute hyperthermia (excessively elevated body temperature) .
  • the disclosure especially addresses conditions where the thermia condition (a non-standard term used here to refer to either or both hypothermia and hyperthermia) is a manifestation or symptom of an abnormal medical condition or where the thermia condition is accompanied by another abnormal medical condition.
  • prudent treatment of such abnormal medical condition contraindicates the use of drug therapy to achieve normal body temperature without the use of drugs.
  • hypothermia is a condition of depressed or subnormal body temperature; hypothermia may be treated by using medication or it may be treated by exposing the patient to a hyperthermic (warmer than normal body temperature) environment. Some might refer to the latter treatment as hyperthermia, but we caution to avoid this usage.
  • Hyperthermia is a condition of elevated body temperature; hyperthermia may be treated by using medication or it may be treated by exposing the patient to a hypothermic (cooler than normal body temperature) environment. Some might refer to the latter treatment as hypothermia, but we caution also to avoid this usage.
  • the present invention does not define a closed circuit for the flow of a thermal fluid; rather, the fluid—water—is distributed to an absorbent sheet that provides yet greater dispersion of the water for contact with the skin of the patient, ultimately to be drained off to a receptacle for spent water.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,572,188 issued in 1986 to S. D. Augustine et al., teaches apparatus for controlling body temperature by means of a temperature-controlled gas mixture (usually air) supplied to an inflatable cover through which it circulates and which also serves as a plenum or manifold to transmit the temperature controlled gas to the body surfaces, thereby to thermally bathe the body in the gas.
  • a temperature-controlled gas mixture usually air
  • air supplied to an inflatable cover through which it circulates and which also serves as a plenum or manifold to transmit the temperature controlled gas to the body surfaces, thereby to thermally bathe the body in the gas.
  • the venting of the temperature-controlled gas in large quantity into the room in which the patient is being treated will thermally bathe the entire room and its other occupants in the temparature-controlled gas mixture.
  • the present invention uses water as a thermal medium; the use of water as a medium has little effect on the atmosphere in the room, largely because the spent water can be contained and does not present itself to other people in the room.
  • the present invention will be seen as different from the prior art discussed above.
  • the present invention relates to treatment of either hypothermia or hyperthermia using much the same method.
  • Applicant is not so naive as to believe that treating fever cases by administering a simple sponge bath with tepid water or even with alcohol or alcohol-water mixtures is new or novel medicine.
  • sponge bath therapy performs better than anti-pyretic drug therapy because, as is known, anti-pyretic drugs lower body temperature by inhibiting prostaglandins.
  • Prostaglandins play a critical role in the immune response and other defensive mechanisms that are activated in the defense of the body against infection, so it is reasoned that inhibiting them is counterproductive to the healing process.
  • Conventional sponge bath therapy for fever is not commonly used because it is labor-intensive and is therefore used only in cases of extreme emergency.
  • It is a further object of this invention to provide such apparatus comprising a water supply, a water heating means, a thermostat controlling said water heating means, a flexible tube to carry temperature-controlled water to the proximity of said patient, a system of water-permeable water distribution tubes sipplied with temperature-controlled water from said flexible tube to distribute water over an area of an absorbent web that further distributes water throughout the extent thereof and thereby to an extensive area of the surface of the body of said patient over whom said web is draped, thereby to make good thermal contact between said flowing water and said patient.
  • said apparatus also comprise an underlayment upon which said patient is placed, which underlayment will collect by gravity excess water delivered to the body of the patient and to direct said excess water into a spent water receptacle.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in symbolic form, the process and apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an alternate embodiment of a portion of this invention relating to the distribution of water.
  • Figure 3 illustrates several ways to permit draining of spent water from beneath the patient.
  • Figure 1 shows a patient 10 being treated by using the process of this invention.
  • the process begins with a water source 20.
  • This source could be a water tap, an elevated refillable vessel, or a refillable vessel with an associated water pump. All of these possible sources are well known and not novel in and of themselves.
  • a water heating means 30 is capable of raising the temperature of incoming water passing therethrough.
  • This water heating means could be a reservoir with an associated heat-supplying means, as an electric heater for example. It could also be a heat exchanger to transfer heat from another fluid at elevated temperature. It could also be a water conduit (tube or tubing) with an associated heating element to add heat to the water as it flows through the conduit. All of these heating means are well known and not novel in and of themselves.
  • a temperature measuring means 40 senses the temperature of the water that exits the water heating means 30 and provides a signal to an adjustable temperature control 45 that modulates the heat input to the water heating means 30, thereby to control the temperature of the flowing water.
  • adjustable temperature control 45 Such means for temperature control are well known and not novel in and of themselves.
  • An adjustable flow control means 50 provides a means for controlling the flow of water from the water souce 20 and through the water heating means 30 and to the distribution system described below.
  • This control could be a simple valve, such as a needle valve or a globe valve; it could be another adjustable restrictor, such as a roller clamp on flexible tubing or other means to constrict flexible tubing; it could be a more complex device, such as an adjustable metering pump or a fluid-flow control device that provides a constant pressure drop across a constant (although adjustable) flow restrictor. All of these devices are well known and not novel in and of themselves.
  • the above-described elements may be referred to in total as a source of temperature-controlled water at a pre-selected temperature and flow rate.
  • a warm water source 60 we shall call this a warm water source 60.
  • the distribution system 70 comprises a water-permeable tube 72 and an absorbent web 76.
  • Plural water-permeable tubes may be present, along with a manifold 77 to connect them to the flexible tube 67.
  • the absorbent web 76 may be of any absorbent material.
  • Preferred embodiments include a web of cotton flannel or cotton terrycloth, each of which could be washed for re-use.
  • a nonwovewn fabric or paper sheet having sufficient strength when wetted could be used to provide a less expensive, disposable water distribution web.
  • cotton flannel or terrycloth without the sizing that is often present on newly-manufactured fabrics is to be preferred for the absorbent web 76; thus, it may be most desirable to use pre-washed cotton materials for the web 76.
  • Paper sheeting similar to higly-absorbent paper towels is the preferred disposable material.
  • a paper towel product with the brand name "BOUNTY” appears to have superior wetting and water distribution properties that would make it an espcecially suitable material for this application.
  • BOUNTY is a trademark of Procter & Gamble Company, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and is applied to paper towels especially as noted for their absorbency.
  • the water-permeable tubing 72 may be solid-walled tubing having holes 73 piercing the wall at spaced-apart intervals as indicated at 74. Naturally, these holes must not be so large as to allow unrestricted flow of the water from them. Rather, they must present sufficient restriction to flow to provide for substantially uniform flow from all holes along the length of the tubing. These holes will "weep" drops of water that will be further distributed by the water absorbent web 76.
  • the tubing may be porous-walled tubing wherein the material of which the tubing is made has a porosity that allows flow through the walls, as indicated at 75.
  • Materials of this type are in use as "soaker hoses" for use in watering one's lawn or garden. Some experimenting may be necessary to determine the proper degree of porosity.
  • Figure 1 shows the water-permeable tubing attached to the absorbent web 76, in this instance at specific points, examples of which are referenced as 78. Attachment may be made by means of fabric loops sewn onto the web and through which the tubing is threaded, for example.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the retaining of the water-permeable tubing.
  • the water-permeable tubing 72 is attached to the undersurface 92 of the non-wetting covering 90 that serves to reduce or eliminate evaporative cooling. Attachment may be made by means of fabric loops sewn onto the covering and through which the tubing is threaded, for example.
  • the non-wetting covering 90 covers the absorbent web 76, and the flowing water from the water-permeable tubing 72 wets the absorbent web 76. Evaporative cooling is counterproductive when hypothermia is being treated by the administering of warm water over the body. In such cases, evaporative cooling should be minimized.
  • Sensible heat transfer depends upon a decrease in temperature of the heat source and an increase in the temperature of the colder object. Heat always flows from the warmer to the colder.
  • hypothermia When hypothermia is being treated, the heat source is the flowing warm water and the colder object is the hypothermia patient. In practice the temperature to be used is very near to that of the normal human body.
  • hyperthermia When hyperthermia is being treated, the heat source is the hyperthermia patient and the colder object is the flowing water, which is pre-warmed to a temperature sufficiently high to prevent patient chilling that would result in discomfort. In practice the water temperature to be used is again very near that of the normal human body.
  • An embodiment of this invention therefore includes, in combination with the water supply and distribution system, a spent water collection system.
  • the spent water collection system of the best mode shown in Figure 1 comprises a spent water receptacle 100, that receives water from a drain line 102 connected to what has been described as a portable bathtub 105 for bedridden patients.
  • This water collection system is similar in general appearance to that taught in U.S. Patent 3,733,620, "COLLAPSIBLE BED SHAMPOO BASIN WITH THROW AWAY LINER,” issued in 1973 to G.E. Glintz, although the water collection system of the best mode of the present invention has features not shown in that particular patent.
  • Other collapsible tubs for use on beds include U.S. Patent No. 4,958,389, "PORTABLE/DISPOSABLE SHOWER-BATH,” issued in 1990 to R.H.
  • a mat 110 either woven or non-woven, of fibers that cross over one another, thereby providing porosity in directions perpendicular to the thickness thereof while providing suitable support, would serve this purpose if it is placed on the inside surface 107 of the tub 105.
  • the inside surface 107 may be of sufficient roughness as a result of a step in the manufacture thereof, to provide the combination of patient support and spent water flow channels, as is shown at 112.
  • the devices illustrated in Figure 3 appears to have patentable novelty, but are elements of preferred embodiments of this invention, so they are presented as a part of this disclosure.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé thérapeutique utilisé pour traiter l'hypothermie et les états d'hyperthermie chez l'homme, ce procédé consistant à appliquer un flux continu d'eau chauffée à température régulée sur une surface substantielle du corps du patient afin d'effectuer un transfert de chaleur sensible, entre le corps et l'eau. Un appareil est prévu pour chauffer, apporter et distribuer le flux d'eau au-dessus d'au moins cinquante pour cent du corps du patient et pour récupérer dans un récipient l'eau utilisée. Un ensemble de tuyaux (72) perméables à l'eau fournit un flux d'eau chauffée à un non-tissé absorbant (76) placé sur le corps du patient, ceci pemettant de distribuer le flux d'eau au dessus d'une grande surface et de manière très proche tout en humidifiant la surface du corps du patient pour effectuer de cette manière un transfert de chaleur sensible au-dessus d'une grande surface. On peut minimiser la perte de chaleur pour évaporation en réduisant la convection d'air adjacente au flux d'eau.
PCT/US1994/012534 1994-11-01 1994-11-01 Machine a usage therapeutique destinee au traitement de l'hypothermie et des etats d'hyperthermie WO1996013299A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU10860/95A AU1086095A (en) 1994-11-01 1994-11-01 Sponge bath machine
PCT/US1994/012534 WO1996013299A1 (fr) 1994-11-01 1994-11-01 Machine a usage therapeutique destinee au traitement de l'hypothermie et des etats d'hyperthermie
GB9708438A GB2308548A (en) 1994-11-01 1994-11-01 Sponge bath machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1994/012534 WO1996013299A1 (fr) 1994-11-01 1994-11-01 Machine a usage therapeutique destinee au traitement de l'hypothermie et des etats d'hyperthermie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996013299A1 true WO1996013299A1 (fr) 1996-05-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1994/012534 WO1996013299A1 (fr) 1994-11-01 1994-11-01 Machine a usage therapeutique destinee au traitement de l'hypothermie et des etats d'hyperthermie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1086095A (fr)
GB (1) GB2308548A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996013299A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3431565A (en) * 1966-03-14 1969-03-11 Robert R Nelson Portable shower
US4114620A (en) * 1977-03-02 1978-09-19 Moore-Perk Corporation Patient treatment pad for hot or cold use
US5269369A (en) * 1991-11-18 1993-12-14 Wright State University Temperature regulation system for the human body using heat pipes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3431565A (en) * 1966-03-14 1969-03-11 Robert R Nelson Portable shower
US4114620A (en) * 1977-03-02 1978-09-19 Moore-Perk Corporation Patient treatment pad for hot or cold use
US5269369A (en) * 1991-11-18 1993-12-14 Wright State University Temperature regulation system for the human body using heat pipes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2308548A (en) 1997-07-02
AU1086095A (en) 1996-05-23
GB9708438D0 (en) 1997-06-18

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