WO1996011565A1

WO1996011565A1 - Method of cultivating mushroom or the like, and storage bag for mushroom culture container or the like

Info

Publication number: WO1996011565A1
Application number: PCT/JP1995/002112
Authority: WO
Inventors: Toshiharu Itoh; Hirofumi Iwasaki
Original assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date: 1994-10-14
Filing date: 1995-10-13
Publication date: 1996-04-25
Also published as: CN1160334A; CN1094304C

Abstract

A method of cultivating mushroom, in which a culture medium feed port and an additional ventilation window of a container are sealed with a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 0.10 to 2.00 mm, an apparent density of 0.05 to 0.50 g/cm3 and a gas permeability of 10 to 500 cc/m2/sec when spawns or mycelium is cultivated in a container such as a bag. Further, the culture container is contained in a storage bag of a nonwoven fabric for cultivation whereby breeding of various bacteria in an initial stage is effectively prevented in a simple operation without the use of a sterilized room.

Description

Description Mushroom culture method and storage bag for mushroom culture containers

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating mushrooms and a gas-permeable seal used as an accessory for containers enclosing a culture medium. Background art

For edible fungi such as shiitake, shimeji, enokitake, nameko, hiratake, matake, and mushroom, and pharmacological mushrooms such as mushroom (reishiba), artificially cultivating inoculum, mycelium culture and mushroom cultivation. It is harvested as mushrooms that have grown.

From the beginning of the culture, the intermediate inoculum and mycelium are inoculated on an appropriately selected medium. It is known that it is important to prevent the invasion of harmful fungi such as.

The essence of the cultivation of the edible mushroom mycelium is basically, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-28212, a method for synthesizing a medium for mycelium transplantation using a bag of synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene or the like. , And a sterilization filter is applied to the upper filling opening of the bag.After sterilization or sterilization, the sterilization filter is removed and the medium is inoculated with the inoculum and sterilized again. The bag is placed in the culture room with the filter attached, and cultured.

Thus, during the culture, the aeration of the medium is carried out through a sterilizing filter. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-111030 discloses a culture container having a structure in which pores are provided at positions other than the filling portion of the culture container, and vent holes made of paper, nonwoven fabric, or the like are provided. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 3-61 477, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-328844 Is disclosed.

The most frequently encountered problem in container culture is the epidemic propagation of bacteria in the container culture. The infestation of various bacteria makes the growth of mushrooms impossible.

In particular, such invasion of various bacteria is a problem in the initial culture stage until the mushroom mycelium becomes predominant, and it is said that about 3 to 15% of defective products usually or under bad environment. The inoculation of the inoculum into the medium is performed in an inoculation room that is appropriately controlled and in a culture room that is appropriately controlled, but in practice both are not completely sterile rooms. There is a considerable amount of germs floating in the room.

The problem of the invasive propagation of various bacteria in the container culture method is most often caused by the installation of a disinfecting filter at the filling port of the bag of the bag container.

For example, a disinfection filter can be attached to the filling port using a paper disinfection filter, a rigid plastic tubular body, or a rigid plastic with a plurality of holes formed in the top surface. A cylindrical body is passed through the outer periphery of the opening (entrance) of the bag using the cap, and the periphery is folded back from the inside to the outside of the cylindrical body, and a sterilizing filter is inserted into the opening. The cap is pressed and fitted to the outer periphery of the cylindrical body while sandwiching the periphery of the folded bag and the periphery of the sterilization filter.

On the other hand, the periphery of the synthetic resin bag and the periphery of the sterilization filter sandwiched between the cap and the cylindrical body of the container and bag filled with the culture medium are inevitably mixed. It is inevitable that a small gap of about 0.1 to 1.0 mm will occur between both edges due to wrinkles. As a result, although the filling containers (entrances) of the bag containers are sealed with the sterilization filter, the invasion of various bacteria into the culture medium from the gaps has not been prevented. . Therefore, the sterilization filter by the bag container method Luther deposition is unavoidable unless an inoculation room and a culture room are installed in a sterile environment, which places a significant economic burden.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the invasion of various bacteria from the medium filling part or the ventilation window of the bag container in the container cultivation method of edible mushrooms, particularly the culture method of mushrooms using the bag container. It is.

An object of the present invention is to provide an economically advantageous means capable of preventing contamination of a culture medium with various bacteria by a simple method, particularly in the culture of bags of mushroom mycelium.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides a simple method that can remarkably reduce the spread of invasion of various bacteria into a culture medium by means of light economic burden in all processes including culture of inoculum and culture of mycelium in an artificial culture method using a container of mushrooms. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION TO PROVIDE VARIOUS MEANS

According to the present invention, the problem is basically that in a container culture of mushrooms, aeration of the mushroom culture medium is performed with a specific nonwoven fabric material, that is, an average apparent density of 0.05 to 0.5 gZcm ³ , and a gas permeability of 10 It is achieved by ~ 500c. Roh cm culture method carried out through the non維布showing a ² ZSE c.

The air permeability of the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is 10 to 500 cc_cm ² / sec, preferably 30 to 300 ccZcm ² / sec. If the air permeability is less than lOccZcm ² / sec, it is difficult to maintain environmental conditions suitable for culturing mycelium, and the growth of mycelium is inhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds SOOccZcm ² / sec, it will be difficult to prevent bacterial contamination from surroundings. The air permeability is a value measured using a JIS-L-1096 Frajur tester. The average apparent density of the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is 0.05 to 0.50 g / cm ³ , and preferably 0.10 to (! 30 gZcm ³ ). If the average apparent density is less than 0.05 g / cm ³ , the voids become large. , Poor filter performance However, it becomes difficult to prevent germ contamination. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.50 g Zcm ³ , the filter performance will be improved, but the air permeability, flexibility and sublimeness will be poor, resulting in insufficient fitting between the cylindrical body and the cap, etc. It will be easier.

The nonwoven fabric can be made by a single method such as a spunbond method, a melt blow method, a tow opening method, a dry short fiber method, or a combination of two or more methods. The fibers used in the nonwoven fabric include synthetic fibers such as polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, and polyacrylonitrile, and natural fibers such as cotton.The woven diameter of the fibers is 0.5 to 100%. , Preferably 1 to 80 cm. If the fiber diameter is less than 0.5, the air permeability becomes poor, while if it exceeds 100, the filter performance becomes poor.In addition, in order to improve the air permeability and the filter performance of the nonwoven fabric, the material and woven diameter of the constituent fibers must be reduced. It can be mixed or laminated, or imparted with antibacterial properties.

For example, an antimicrobial property is imparted to a nonwoven fabric obtained by laminating a microfiber nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 0.5 to 6 / zm and a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 10 to 100 / m, and the nonwoven fabric forming the above filter material. There are things to do. For example, non-woven fabric in which silver ions and silver-based inorganic antibacterial agents such as phosphates and zeolite are kneaded into a synthetic resin, or quaternary ammonium salts, organic nitrogen compounds, organic silicon compounds There is a method of attaching a quaternary ammonium salt, an aromatic halogen compound or the like to the fiber.

Basis weight of the nonwoven fabric forming the filter one material, 20~ SOOgZcm ^3, preferably 40~ 150gZcm ^3.

In the culture method of the present invention, the aeration of the culture medium in the container may be performed by: (1) sealing the medium filling part of the culture container, preferably a bag container, or the additional vent of the container with the specific nonwoven fabric; Opening sealing method, or (2) It is preferable to carry out a storage bag sealing method for further storing the culture container in the storage bag made of the nonwoven fabric. By combining the method (1) for sealing the container opening and the method (2) for sealing the storage bag, the spread of various germs can be more reliably prevented.

(1) Opening sealing method

The method according to culture container opening sealing method, thickness 0.10～2.0Mm, an average apparent density 0.05~ O.SgZcm ^2, medium containers in breathability 10~ 500ccZcm ² / se nonwoven Takashi塡Ro Alternatively, cover and seal the ventilation (moisture-permeable) window provided separately from the medium filling port and attached to the containers.

That is, after filling a culture container with a culture medium of mushroom inoculum or mycelium, sterilizing the culture medium, inoculating the inoculum or mycelium, the opening of the culture container has an average thickness of 0.10 to 2.0 mm, The edible mushrooms are cultured and covered with an unwoven cloth having an apparent density of 0.05 to 0.5 g / cm ³ and a permeability of 10 to 500 cc / cm ² minutes. This is a very simple method to prevent breeding.

A preferred embodiment of the culture method of the present invention that uses the opening sealing method is a method of sealing the filling port (entrance) of containers. For sealing, surrounding the medium filling port of the bag container with a rigid cylindrical body, and attaching the cap together with the surrounding area of the bag, the nonwoven fabric is placed between the cylindrical body and the cap. The medium-filled container in the container is sealed with a nonwoven fabric by fixing it between small gaps. In order for the nonwoven fabric to be fixed along the shape of the cylindrical body without any interstices, it is preferable that the nonwoven fabric has flexibility and sublimeness that does not easily cause wrinkles. The thickness of the nonwoven fabric is 0.10 to 2.00 mm, preferably 0.20 to 1.50 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.10 m, it will be insufficient to seal the small gap between the cylindrical body and the cap, and if the thickness exceeds 2.00 mm, the fitting between the cylindrical body and the cap will be insufficient. .

In addition, the cylindrical body and the cap attached to the container cap or bag It is preferable that the nonwoven fabric used for the small gap is particularly excellent in flexibility. For example, the flexibility is less than 15cm, preferably 5 cn !, as measured by the 45 ° cantilever method of J1S-L-1906. ~ 13cm. If it is 15 cm or more, the cylindrical body and the cap will be insufficiently fitted due to small gaps due to sealing.

The shape and material of the container are not particularly limited as long as they can hold a medium suitable for the growth and physiology of mushrooms. Examples of the material include polyethylene, polypropylene such as polypropylene, polyamide, and polyester. The bag is a bag made of a transparent or translucent film made of polyethylene, polypropylene or the like. Further, a rigid plastic tubular body and a hard cap having a plurality of holes formed in the upper surface are attached to the inlet of the bag, or the nonwoven fabric is attached to an upper part of the bag. The shape is round, square, rectangular, equal in size and shape is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to improve the ventilation of the bag body with oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas and the like.

As described above, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention has different shapes, dimensions, etc. depending on the culture containers and bags, but in the cylindrical capping method described below, for example, A 10 cm square non-woven fabric is preferred.

The culture method is to prevent bacterial contamination after inoculation of the inoculum, and to sufficiently prevent bacterial contamination, the medium must be thoroughly sterilized. It goes without saying that care must be taken during the sterilization process, the cooling process, and the inoculation of the inoculum in an aseptic environment. For example, a simple closed chamber made of non-woven fabric having air permeability, water resistance, antibacterial properties, etc. is provided at the exit of the heat-killed sesame, and inoculation of inoculum is performed in the chamber.

(2) Storage bag sealing method

At least some of the methods for storing culture containers in non-woven bags In addition, storage of a mushroom mycelium culture container or bag using a non-woven fabric with an average apparent density of 0.05 to 0.50 g Z cm ³ and air permeability of 10 to 500 cc / cm ² / sec. This is achieved by using a bag.

When the culture containers are stored in this storage bag, they can be used for cultivation indoors or in a house under an environment such as a sterile environment. The term “sterile environment” includes, in its original sense, a sterile room and a sterile atmosphere environment where a commercially available bactericide such as a halogen-based, peroxide-based, or alcohol-based mist is sprayed. However, according to the present invention, by using the container, it is possible to prevent germ contamination due to small gaps during culturing, especially in the initial stage, and thus high productivity and operability can be achieved without using an expensive sterile room during culturing. It can be cultivated indoors, in basements, in horror holes, and in houses and tents that are not directly exposed to rain.

The storage bag of the present invention is used for the main purposes of (1) improving the germ contamination prevention property, and (2) keeping the air permeability as large as possible. If the air permeability is poor, the amount of air required for the growth of mycelium cannot be maintained, and problems such as difficulty in adjusting the temperature of the culture medium in a high temperature environment such as summertime arise. Accordingly, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, which has a large air permeability, a gap and a thickness that does not allow passage of various bacteria, is preferably used as a component of the storage bag.

The mushroom mycelium can be stored in the storage bag of the present invention one by one in a culture container or bag, or a large number of culture containers or bags can be stored in a room made of a nonwoven fabric and an impermeable material. Can be stored and cultured. The container of the present invention can obtain the effect of preventing various bacteria even if a container for culture or a bag using an existing sterilization filter is stored.

Furthermore, the storage bag sealing method uses a storage bag to confine the aroma of cultured mushrooms and obtain edible mushrooms with an aroma similar to that of log cultivation. There is a clear effect.

The storage bag can be placed on a shelf or the like after storing the culture container or bag body, and can be cultured by a hanging method, which is a culture method excellent in workability and handleability.

The container uses the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, and a transparent synthetic resin film such as a polyolefin, a polyamide, or a polyester described later is used. At this time, in order to improve the adhesiveness, a heat sealing process and a composite film in which films having different melting points are laminated are used. The bonding may be performed using a thermocompression seal, a high-frequency seal, or an adhesive.

The storage bag opening is closed after storing the container or the bag. In this case, the hermetically sealed state can be achieved by using, for example, heat bonding, a high-frequency seal, or an adhesive at the periphery of the opening of the storage bag. The periphery of the opening is folded, and the folded portion is tied to a string or rubber band. Or a staple, a clip, etc., or a bendable material such as aluminum or copper, a round bar, a plate-like material, or a coil-like material near the opening. It can also be sealed by folding it on the upper part of the body and folding it three or four times with the core as the core, and then folding the folded part inward together with the core material.

The storage bag made of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention can prevent germ contamination and activate the mycelium in a favorable growth environment.

Therefore, at the initial stage of the culture, the purpose can be sufficiently achieved by double packaging the medium.

Furthermore, in the cultivation of a bacterial bed, once harvesting, the moisture content of the bacterial bed and control of bacterial contamination can be controlled twice or three times. For example, the storage made of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention Enter the harvested bacterial bed directly into the bag By controlling the moisture content (preventing overdrying and creating a suitable humid environment) and controlling the contamination of various bacteria, the mycelium can be proliferated and the mushrooms can be generated with high certainty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the present invention in which a culture medium of a mycelium is sealed, and an opening of a bag body is sealed with a non-woven fabric to culture edible mushrooms. Is shown.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of a method of cultivating edible mushrooms in which the culture bag enclosing the culture medium of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is further housed in the shrinkable bag of the present invention, and shows a longitudinal section.

FIG. 3 is a side view (A) and a perspective view (B) of the bag for mycelium culture of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view (A), a perspective view (B), and a bottom view (C) of the bag for mycelium culture of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view (A) and a perspective view (B) of the storage bag of the present invention. O Best mode for carrying out the invention

An embodiment of the present invention in which an opening of a culture container is sealed with a specific nonwoven fabric to culture mushrooms is shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG.

Containers have a moderate air permeability sufficient for cultivating mushroom mycelia and a sufficient amount for preventing invasion of various bacteria from the outside, since the specific nonwoven fabric is used in a part of the containers. Combines sterility. Examples of the mode of sealing the opening of the container with a non-woven fabric include a mode used for a filling section used for inoculation of a medium filled with the medium in the container, and a mode in which the opening section is used. There is a mode in which it is fixed to the ventilation window added to a part of the outer containers.

0

FIG. 1 shows a culture method in which the inlet of the bag is sealed with the nonwoven fabric specified in the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a bag, which is passed through the inside of a tubular body 3 at the neck and folded outward. On the other hand, 4 is a cap, on the top of which a hole 5 for ventilation is provided. The nonwoven fabric 2 of the present invention is hermetically sealed by being sandwiched between the lid member 4 and the container member folded outside the cylindrical body 3. Since the nonwoven fabric 2 has both sterility and air permeability, the sterility of the culture medium is maintained while supplying sufficient air to the mycelium in the culture medium 6.

In an embodiment in which the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is used in the opening of the portion other than the entrance of the container or bag, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the bag 20 or 30 is It comprises a part 22 or 32 and a part 21 or 31 composed of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention. However, in this case, the openings 21 and 31 need to be used for portions that do not come into contact with the medium when the medium is filled.

For example circular as the area of 5 cm ^² ~50cra ² immediately lower position of the opening of the bag body, divided into oval, square, rectangular, one place in the shape of an equal or few Kesho, adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesive, A bag having air permeability that is fixed by a heat seal or the like is obtained.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the bag shown in FIG. 1 is further stored in a storage bag 10 described later.

The culture vessel or bag is usually filled with 1.0 to 2.5 kg of medium and has a suitable weight. The periphery of the opening can be folded back to the bottom surface of the culture vessel or bag, and the above-mentioned weight can be used to achieve a substantially sealed state. By devising the shape of the storage bag of the present invention, it is possible to observe the culture state at any time.

Next, the culture method of the present invention will be described. As a medium for culturing mushroom mycelium, a commonly used medium can be used. For example, a mixture of rice bran, bran, corn powder, sawdust and a commercially available nutrient mixture mixed with about 65% by weight of water can be used.

The culturing method of the present invention will be specifically described. Fig. 1 shows an example of a typical culture method. The bag 1 is filled with the medium 6, and the nonwoven fabric 2 is attached to the bag opening 1 ′ .Along the upper circumference of the tube 3, for example, a 9 cm square filter material 2 is formed into a tube. Put the body circle on the center, fit correctly with cap 4, pass through the sterilization process and the cooling process. At this time, it is preferable that the nonwoven fabric is adhered so as not to cause sealing when sandwiched between the tubular body and the cap. This is important for good control of the return air after sterilization or the entry of bacteria during cooling.

Next, in a sterile environment, the cap 4 attached to the opening 1 ′ of the bag 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 are removed, the seed medium is inoculated into the culture medium 6, and the nonwoven fabric 2 of the present invention is again covered with the cap. This is a culture method in which 4 is press-fitted and sealed. Also, there is a culture method in which the nonwoven fabric is sandwiched between the opening of the container and the cap and pressed and fitted in the same manner as the bag body described above.o

When the bags shown in the third and fourth aspects are used, the culture can be performed in the same manner.

The storage bag of the present invention is used for the main purposes of (1) improving the germ contamination prevention property, and (2) keeping the air permeability as large as possible. Poor air permeability causes problems such as not being able to maintain the amount of air required for mycelial growth and making it difficult to adjust the temperature of the medium in a high-temperature environment such as in summer. Therefore, the storage bag shall be constituted. In addition, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, which has a large air permeability and a gap and a thickness that is small enough to prevent passage of various bacteria, is preferably used.

The storage bag of the present invention uses the nonwoven fabric specified in the present invention in whole or in part. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the nonwoven fabric 41 of the present invention is provided in the ventilation portion, and the non-ventilated portion is transparent. Alternatively, a bag-like material using a translucent synthetic resin film 42 may be used. The shape of the container of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the container or the bag for culture can be stored. For example, the inside of the container can be observed by using a transparent synthetic resin film in the air-impermeable part in FIG. It is preferable to set it. In this case, the observation portion is preferably placed on the back side so as not to be exposed to direct sunlight except during observation, or may be covered with the nonwoven fabric of the present invention. The storage bag of the present invention preferably uses at least 509 or more of the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention.

The mushroom mycelium can be stored in the storage bag of the present invention in a culture container or bag body one by one, or a large number of culture containers or bag bodies can be stored in a room made by using a nonwoven fabric and an impermeable material together. Can be stored and cultured. The container of the present invention can obtain the effect of preventing various bacteria even if a container for culture or a bag using an existing sterilization filter is stored.

The container uses the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, and as shown in FIG. 5, a transparent synthetic resin film such as polyolefin, polyamide, or polyester is used. At this time, in order to improve the adhesiveness, a heat-sealing process and a composite film in which films having different melting points are laminated are used. As the bonding method, it is preferable to perform bonding using a thermocompression seal, a high-frequency seal, or an adhesive.

The storage bag opening is closed after storing the container or the bag. . In this case, the hermetically sealed state can be achieved by, for example, using heat bonding, a high-frequency seal, or an adhesive at the periphery of the opening of the storage bag. The periphery of the opening is folded, and the folded portion is tied to a string or rubber band. Or a stapler, a crisp, or the like, or a bendable plate or coil made of a bendable material such as aluminum or copper, for example, stored near the opening. It can also be sealed by folding it on the upper part of the body and folding it three or four times with the core as the core, then folding the folded part inward together with the core material.

FIG. 2 shows a state where the bag body of FIG. 1 is stored in the storage bag 10. The culture container or bag is filled with a medium of 1.0 to 2.5 kg of trade and has a suitable weight. The edge of the opening located at the bottom can be folded back to the bottom surface of the culture vessel or bag, and the above-mentioned weight can be used to achieve a substantially sealed state.

By devising the shape of the storage bag of the present invention, it is possible to observe the culture state at any time. Example

Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The measuring method used in the present invention is as follows.

• Thickness; (J [S—L—1 096) The thickness is measured at five different points of the sample under a load of lOO g Z cm ² for a certain period of time using a thickness measuring instrument, and the average value is shown.

• Average apparent density; Measure the weight and thickness to determine the weight per unit volume.

'Air permeability; (JIS-L-1 096) Using a Frajur tester Measured value

Example 1

Synthetic resin bag Contents Polypropylene bag of 21 (width 140mm, height 330mm, fold-in 50mm cassette type) Medium: 5 parts rice bran (same weight or less) bran 30 parts, cone powder 10 Parts, 65 parts of sawdust mixed with 65 parts of water 1.2 kg (a cylindrical block with a diameter of 150 and a height of 130 mm)

Sterilization and cooling of the culture medium; After sterilization for 5 hours with flowing steam at normal pressure (temperature 95 ° C)

Cool to 20 ° C

Kind of inoculum; Shiitake mushroom

Tubular body and cap; made of hard plastic

Dimensions of cylindrical body (inner diameter 460 outer diameter 490) Cap dimensions (inner diameter 500 outer diameter 530 There are 10 3mm0 holes at the top)

Cultivation; temperature 22 ± 2 ° C, humidity 50-60%

Culture days: 15 days (No aseptic control such as cooling and air blowing) Under the above conditions, the non-woven fabric is a long-weave non-woven fabric, Eltas Nairon (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), the thickness is 0.55 hidden, and the average apparent density is 0.21 g / cm ³ and air permeability of 106 cc Zcm ² / sec) were cut into 9 cm squares, and 100 pieces were prepared. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an implementation state of a culture bag using a nonwoven fabric 2 having a stiffness of 10.5 cm as shown in FIG.

Medium 6 has already been sterilized, cooled and inoculated with inoculum. A cylindrical body 3 is passed around the periphery of the inlet 1 ′ of the culture bag 1, and the periphery of the bag inlet 1 ′ is folded from the inside to the outside of the cylindrical body 3. ing. The nonwoven fabric 2 of the present invention is covered on the entrance 1 ′, and the periphery of the nonwoven fabric 2 is folded back and bent to the outer periphery. or On the other hand, a cap 4 is pressed and fitted to the outer periphery of the tubular body 3 with the periphery of the nonwoven fabric sandwiched therebetween, and a plurality of holes 5 are formed in the upper surface of the cap. After the culture, the medium was examined, and it was found that all the mycelia of the mushroom were predominantly and well cultured in the medium.

Example 2

In the bag for culture of Example 1, a long-fiber non-woven fabric (ELTAS polypropylene (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), a thickness of 0.50 mm, an average apparent density of 0.14 g Zcm ³ , 1 45ccZ cm ² se c) bending resistance is a 9. 6 cm), polypropylene Fi Lum, made storage bag shown in Figure 5. It is a bag with a width of 30 cm and a height of 40 cm, and the film part is 100 cm wide and has a transparent impervious part with a height of 40 cm.100 pieces are prepared, and the temperature is 25-30 ° C. The culture was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the culture was performed in an outdoor tent for 30 days at a humidity of 30 to 80%. After the culture, the medium was inspected, and it was found that the mycelium of the mushroom was predominantly and well cultured in the medium.

Example 3

Example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the culture period was changed from 30 days to 50 days instead of 30 days.

When pressed and fitted between the tubular body and the cap with a nonwoven fabric, the small gap is reduced, and the air permeability is further improved. It was completed in 25 days, and after 20 days, as a phenomenon of activation, uplift and browning started from the upper part of the medium, and the initial browning was performed as a whole in 60 days.

As a result of using the nonwoven fabric of the present invention for a bag for containing a culture medium and a storage bag for storing the bag, primary culture and secondary culture can be performed with air permeability capable of evacuating moisture by activation and discharging carbon dioxide satisfactorily. Was performed well. Comparative Example 1

Commercially available sanitizing filter (made by Nippon Paper, craft paper, 0.10 mm thick 100 pieces were prepared by cutting 9 cm squares with an average apparent density of 0.60 g / cm ³ and air permeability of 1.2 cc Zcm ² Xsec).

Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above-mentioned craft paper was used instead of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.

The hard-crafted paper sanitizing filter is poor in flexibility and bulkiness, and has low air permeability. Therefore, when the filter is pressed and fitted between the tubular body and the cap, a shear occurs. However, it lacked airtightness and could not completely prevent invasion of various bacteria. After cultivation, the medium was examined, and found that 73 mediums were infested with various bacteria.

Comparative Example 2

A commercially available sterilizing filter (Tyvek (registered trademark), manufactured by DuPont) having a thickness of 0.17 mm, an average apparent density of 0.35 g Zcm ³ , and an air permeability of l.Occ / cm ² / sec or less is reduced to 9 cm square. Cut and prepared 100 pieces.

Example 1 was repeated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sterilizing filter (polyethylene nonwoven fabric) was used instead of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.

Poor flexibility and bulkiness. When pressed and fitted between the tubular body and the cap, sealing occurred, lacked hermeticity, and could not completely prevent invasion of various bacteria. After cultivation, the medium was inspected and found to be infectious on 47 mediums.

Comparative Example 3

Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that 50 cells were cultured for 60 days instead of 15 days.

Inspection of the culture results revealed that various cultures were infested in 35 culture media, and the primary culture was completed in 30-35 days for other cultures, and the activation phenomenon started after another 60 days after 25-30 days. As a result, it was found that compared with the use of the filter material of the present invention, various germs were easy to enter, and the phenomenon of activation was delayed for 5 to 10 days. Example 4

A bag of a commercially available sterilization filter (Comparative Example 1) was placed in the storage bag of Example 2, and the culture was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.

After the culture, the medium was examined. As a result, all the mycelia of the mushroom were predominantly and well cultured in the medium. The contamination of various bacteria was successfully prevented.

Example 5

Example 4 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the culture period was changed from 30 days to 50 days instead of 30 days.

Inspection of the culture results for 60 days showed that primary culture was completed in 32 days, and after 25 days, as an activation phenomenon, uplift and browning started from the top of the medium. After 60 days of cultivation, all of the initial browning had not taken place.

Example 6

A bag of a commercially available sterilizing filter (Comparative Example 2) was placed in the storage bag of Example 2, and the culture was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.

After the culture, the medium was examined. As a result, the mycelium of the mushroom in the medium was predominantly and well cultured. Good prevention of bacterial contamination

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Example Ί

The bag shown in Fig. 3 made of polypropylene film (Height: 45cm x Width: 20cm, folded size: 6cm, Drilled 300 hole at the center of the bag, 15cm below the upper end of the entrance of the bag, Long-fiber non-woven fabric, Ertaspori polypropylene (made by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., thickness: 0.46 mm, average apparent density: 0.1 l S g Z cm ³ , air permeability: I SSccZ cm ² / sec, rigidity: 8.5 cm) was cut into a width of 6 cm and a length of 7 cm square, and was adhered with a heat-resistant adhesive around the 30-ø hole of the bag to form a culture bag. Shiitake mushrooms were cultured in the same manner as described above. After inoculation, apply an 18 cm long, 1 cm wide, 0.8 mm thick aluminum plate to the entrance of the bag, fold the aluminum plate as a core, and close the entrance. The culture was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the culture was stopped. After the culture, the medium was examined. As a result, it was found that the mycelium of the fungus was predominantly and well cultured in the medium.

Example 8

The culture bag of Example 7 was placed in the storage bag of Example 2, and the culture was performed by the culture method of Example 2.

After the culture, the medium was examined. As a result, the mycelium of the medium was predominantly and well cultured in the medium. Industrial applicability

By sealing the opening of the culture vessel using the specific nonwoven fabric of the present invention or using a storage bag of the specific nonwoven fabric, it is possible to prevent various bacterial contamination during the cultivation of the mushroom mycelium, especially in the initial stage. Extremely simple and economical cultivation of edible mushrooms with sufficient air volume for mycelial growth, efficient evaporation of water and carbon dioxide emissions without the need for expensive sterile rooms Becomes By utilizing the present invention, aseptic culturing is possible even in a place with only a roof, a house, a tent, and an indoor environment. Further, edible mushrooms having an aroma similar to that of log cultivation can be obtained by a method in which the culture containers are further housed in storage bags and cultured.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. Fill the culture container with the culture medium of the seed mushroom or mycelium, sterilize the medium, inoculate the seed or mycelium, and make the opening of the culture container 0.10-2 mm thick. A method for cultivating edible mushrooms, comprising covering with an unwoven fabric having an average apparent density of 0.05 to 0.50 g Zcm ³ and a gas permeability of 10 to 500 cc / cm ² / min, sealing, and culturing.

2. The method for cultivating an edible mushroom according to claim 1, wherein the containers are bags, and the opening covered with the nonwoven fabric is a medium filling port of the bag.

3. The culture method according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a stiffness of 15 cm or less as measured by a 45 ° cantilever method of JIS-L-1906.

4. A storage bag for edible mushroom culture containers formed of a nonwoven fabric having an average apparent density of 0.05 to 0.50 gZcm ³ and an air permeability of 10 to 500 cc / cm ² Z.

5. Filling the culture container with a culture medium of mushroom inoculum or mycelium, sterilizing the medium, inoculating the inoculum or mycelium, and venting the entrance of the culture container with a sheet body. A method for cultivating edible mushrooms, which comprises sealing and culturing.

6. Fill the culture container with the medium of the edible mushroom seed or mycelium, sterilize the medium, inoculate the seed or mycelium, and adjust the thickness of the opening of the culture container to 0.10 to 2.0. mm, the average apparent density of 0.05 to 0.50 g / cm ^3, after the breathability sealed covered with nonwoven fabric is 10~ SOOccZcm ² Bruno min, the average apparent density is 0.05 to 0.508 (; 111 ^3, breathable 10 A method for cultivating a mushroom, characterized in that the mushroom is cultured in a bag formed of a non-woven fabric having a density of up to 500 cc / cm ² / min.